CN104849981A

CN104849981A - Developing apparatus, cartridge, and image forming apparatus

Info

Publication number: CN104849981A
Application number: CN201510086454.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 足立元纪; 伊藤元就; 渡边贵章; 薄井佑介
Original assignee: Canon Inc
Current assignee: Canon Inc
Priority date: 2014-02-18
Filing date: 2015-02-17
Publication date: 2015-08-19
Anticipated expiration: 2035-02-17
Also published as: EP2908179A1; US20180188667A1; EP2908179B1; CN104849981B; KR20150097437A; US20150234315A1; US9946189B2; US9541857B2; US20180314186A1; KR101813319B1; US20170082945A1; US10281838B2

Abstract

The invention discloses a developing apparatus, a cartridge, and an image forming apparatus. In the developing apparatus, the cartridge, and the image forming apparatus, the positions of a regulating section, an opening, a bottom section of a development chamber, and a bottom section of a storage chamber are in a specific positional relationship, an optical discharging section is provided in a specific position, or the structure of a regulating member is a specific structure.

Description

Developing apparatus, box and image processing system

Technical field

The present invention relates to developing apparatus, box (cartridge), handle box (Processcartridge), image processing system.Herein, developing apparatus at least has the developer carrier of bearing developer.In addition, developing apparatus has the situation of conveyance member etc. of framework for accommodating developer, conveyance developer in addition.Box carries out integration to the multiple structures in image processing system and can load and unload for image processing system main body.Handle box at least has the picture supporting body of bearing developer picture.Particularly, handle box is called making as supporting body with to the parts of the processing unit integration as supporting body effect.Image processing system is the device forming image at recording materials (being transferred material), particularly employs the image processing system of electrofax mode.

Background technology

In the past, in the image processing system such as electro-photography apparatus, electrostatic recording apparatus, from the simplification of apparatus structure, eliminate the such viewpoint of discarded object, propose cleaner-less system (toner recirculating system).In this cleaner-less system, become following structure: the special bulging clearer eliminating the surperficial cleaning unit after as the transfer printing process of photoreceptor in the image processing system of transfer modes.Therefore, the transfer residual toner on the photoreceptor after transfer printing process cleared up by developing apparatus and removes from photoreceptor, being recovered to developing apparatus.

Particularly, will development limit be carried out carry out cleaning and be called that development is cleared up simultaneously in limit in developing apparatus.Development simultaneously cleaning refers to, removes the method that bias voltage (photographic fog as the potential difference (PD) between the DC voltage applied developing apparatus and the surface potential of photoreceptor removes potential difference (PD) Vback) reclaims using during the development of the toner remained in after transfer printing process on photoreceptor after subsequent processing by photographic fog.According to the method, transfer residual toner is recycled to developing apparatus and recycles after subsequent processing, so can eliminate waste toner, can also reduce maintenance.In addition, owing to being cleaner-less system, so there is no other clearer mechanism, advantage in aspect, space is also large, can make image processing system significantly miniaturization (Jap.P. No. 4510493 publication, Jap.P. No. 4785407 publication, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2004-354978 publication, Jap.P. No. 4630703 publication).

Herein, when have employed cleaner-less system, when making toner recycle, there is the foreign matters such as paper powder and being mixed into developing apparatus, producing the bad worry like this of image due to the impact of this foreign matter.Such as, be representational example because paper powder, foreign matter are clipped in the chaotic thus image of the strip occurred of uniform toner layer between restriction scraping blade and development sleeve bad.In addition, because paper powder is developed together with toner, thus exist at the blank portion generation stain of paper or on the contrary in the worry of lettering portion generation white point.

Therefore, as the developing apparatus adopted in cleaner-less system, propose single component magnetic contact visualization way (Jap.P. No. 4510493 publication).In this approach, the interior development sleeve (developer carrier) wrapping field generating unit carry magnetic developer (magnetic color tuner) and developed in its surface touching photoreceptor.Magnetic color tuner in developing apparatus is transported near development sleeve by mechanical feed mechanism, gravity, is finally fed into development sleeve by magnetic force.The magnetic color tuner being supplied to development sleeve is restricted to appropriate amount by abutting the restriction scraping blade configured with development sleeve, forms uniform toner layer.In addition, to applying DC bias voltage between developer roll.

In such developing apparatus, magnetic force is used to supply magnetic color tuner to development sleeve.Therefore, it is possible to more preferentially toner is supplied to development sleeve than the paper powder without magnetic force.Therefore, compared to the cleaner-less system employing non magnetic contact developing method, not easily produce paper powder to the impact of image.

On the other hand, if want to carry out long lifetime in cleaner-less system, then due to the recycle of toner, photographic fog performance reduces sometimes.Repeatedly carrying out in the process of image formation processing, the triboelectric characteristic of toner reduces, and cannot give the electric charge be applicable to, sometimes make photographic fog worsen by restriction scraping blade to toner.Photographic fog refers to, in the white portion (unexposed portion) of original not lettering, toner is bad by the image developed a little.

For this, propose following method: to restriction scraping blade, applying relative developing bias is and the bias voltage of toner identical polar side (scraping blade bias voltage), potential difference (PD) is set between development sleeve, thus promotes to give electric charge (Jap.P. No. 4785407 publication) to toner by electric field in abutting part.By utilize scraping blade bias voltage promote to toner give electric charge, even if thus when using lastingly, applicable electric charge is also imparted into toner, not easily cause photographic fog to worsen.

On the other hand, the cleaner-less system (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2004-354978 publication) that have employed the contact electrification mode employing charged roller is proposed.When using contact electrification mode in cleaner-less system, have due to charged bad what cause as adhering toner in the charged roller of live part.As the method for reducing adhering toner on live part, the known method driving live part in the mode arranging difference with photosensitive drums.In addition, from the stability of charged operation, the viewpoint removing storer, also known the method that light removes electric unit is set.

Summary of the invention

But in recent years, the diversified development of user, the kind of the paper used is also diversified.In various paper, the paper occurring that paper powder is such in a large number may be also had.In addition, the paper that other foreign matters are such may also be there is in addition except the foreign matter of paper powder.Still there is such foreign matter and image is formed to the possibility bringing impact.

In order to reach above-mentioned purpose, developing apparatus of the present invention, possesses:

Developer carrier, at surperficial bearing developer;

Limiting part, abuts to described developer carrier, limits the thickness of developer on the surface being carried on described developer carrier;

Developing room, is provided with described developer carrier and described limiting part, has opening;

Reception room, collecting developer; And

Conveyance member, is arranged in described reception room, by described opening, the developer of accommodating in described reception room is transported to described developing room,

Described developing apparatus, after being transferred to as the developer on supporting body and being transferred material, is describedly recovered to described reception room as the developer on supporting body by remaining in,

It is characterized in that,

The bight of the leading section of described limiting part abuts to described developer carrier,

The bottom that described reception room is compared in the bottom of described developing room is positioned at the top of vertical direction,

The relatively described opening of abutting part that described limiting part in described developer carrier abuts is positioned at directly over vertical direction.

In addition, in order to reach above-mentioned purpose, developing apparatus of the present invention, possesses:

Developer carrier, at surperficial bearing developer;

Reception room, collecting developer; And

It is characterized in that,

Described limiting part is compared and the abutting part of described developer carrier has the difference of height portion forming gap between described limiting part and described developer carrier in the downstream of the sense of rotation of described developer carrier.

In order to reach above-mentioned purpose, box of the present invention is the box of the main body being detachably arranged at the image processing system carrying out image formation, it is characterized in that, has:

Above-mentioned developing apparatus; And

Picture supporting body, by utilizing described developer carrier to be supplied to developer, the latent electrostatic image developing being formed in surface is developer picture.

In order to reach above-mentioned purpose, image processing system of the present invention is the image processing system carrying out image formation, it is characterized in that,

Have:

Above-mentioned developing apparatus; And

Picture supporting body, by utilizing described developer carrier to be supplied to magnetic developer, the electrostatic latent image being formed in surface is developed as developer picture,

Or,

There is above-mentioned box.

In order to reach above-mentioned purpose, handle box of the present invention, is characterized in that, possesses:

Picture supporting body;

Contact electrification parts, make the surface of described picture supporting body charged;

Light is except electric unit, and relatively described contact electrification parts are configured at the upstream side in the sense of rotation of described picture supporting body; And

Developing apparatus, by be formed in described to be transferred to as the developer picture on supporting body be transferred material after, reclaim the developer remained on described picture supporting body,

Described contact electrification parts are driven into and produce difference between the surface of described contact electrification parts and the surfaces of described picture supporting body, and

Described as the described light compared with the abutting part of described contact electrification parts in supporting body except electric unit is positioned at the below of vertical direction.

Picture supporting body;

When the turning axle direction of described picture supporting body is observed, describedly the straight line that the described summit as supporting body and rotation center carry out connecting to be positioned at described light except the contrary side of electric unit as relative with the abutting part of described contact electrification parts in supporting body.

In addition, in order to reach above-mentioned purpose, box of the present invention is the box used together with developing apparatus, described developing apparatus is by after being formed at and being transferred to as the developer picture on supporting body and being transferred material, reclaim the developer remained on described picture supporting body, it is characterized in that

Described box possesses:

Contact electrification parts, make the surface of described picture supporting body charged; And

Light is except electric unit, and relatively described contact electrification parts are configured at the upstream side in the sense of rotation of described picture supporting body,

Described light except electric unit compare in described contact electrification parts with the abutting portion of described picture supporting body in the top of vertical direction.

Described box possesses:

When the turning axle direction of described picture supporting body is observed, the straight line that the described summit as supporting body and rotation center carry out being connected is positioned at opposition side with relative with the described abutting part as supporting body in described contact electrification parts except electric unit by described light.

In addition, in order to reach above-mentioned purpose, image processing system of the present invention, is characterized in that,

Detachably to possess above-mentioned handle box for apparatus main body.

In addition, in order to reach above-mentioned purpose, image processing system of the present invention, is characterized in that, possesses:

Picture supporting body;

Above-mentioned box, can load and unload for apparatus main body; And

Developing apparatus, by be formed at described to be transferred to as the developer picture on supporting body be transferred material after, reclaim the developer remained on described picture supporting body.

According to the present invention, the impact that foreign matter is formed image can be reduced.

Further feature of the present invention becomes clear by the explanation from the specific embodiment with reference to accompanying drawing.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the summary section of the structure of the developing apparatus that embodiment 1 is shown.

Fig. 2 is the integrally-built summary section of the image processing system that embodiment 1 is shown.

Fig. 3 is the figure of the activity of the toner illustrated in the developing apparatus in embodiment 1.

Fig. 4 is the figure of the activity of the paper powder illustrated in embodiment 1.

Fig. 5 illustrates the abutting state of restriction scraping blade and development sleeve and abuts the skeleton diagram of the distribution of pressing.

Fig. 6 illustrates the abutting state of restriction scraping blade and development sleeve and abuts the skeleton diagram of the distribution of pressing.

Fig. 7 is the integrally-built summary section of the image processing system that embodiment 3 is shown.

Fig. 8 illustrates the charged roller of embodiment 3 and the light summary section except the structure of electric unit.

Fig. 9 illustrates the skeleton diagram of the light of embodiment 3 except the structure of electric unit.

Figure 10 illustrates the charged roller of embodiment 4 and the light summary section except the structure of electric unit.

Figure 11 is the summary section of the structure that embodiment 3,4 and comparative example are shown.

Figure 12 illustrates the abutting state of restriction scraping blade and development sleeve and abuts the skeleton diagram of the distribution of pressing.

Figure 13 is the summary section of the structure of the developing apparatus that past case is shown.

Figure 14 is the summary section of the developing apparatus in embodiment 3.

Figure 15 is the skeleton diagram of magnetic flux density in embodiment 3 and magnetic force distribution.

Figure 16 is the figure of the activity that toner in the developing apparatus in embodiment 3 and paper powder are shown.

Embodiment

Below, with reference to accompanying drawing, according to embodiment, illustratively describe in detail for implementing mode of the present invention.Wherein, according to structure, the various condition of the device of application invention, size, material, shape, their relative configuration etc. of the structure member that this embodiment is recorded suitably should be changed.That is, scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.

(embodiment 1)

The integrally-built outline > of < image processing system

First, with reference to Fig. 2, the integrally-built outline of the image processing system of the present embodiment is described.Fig. 2 is the integrally-built summary section of the image processing system that the present embodiment is shown.In the present embodiment, as image processing system, the monochrome laser printer utilizing transfer-type electrofax process is described.

The image processing system of the present embodiment possesses as photosensitive drums 1, the charged roller 2 as charged elements, developing apparatus 3, the laser beam scanner 4 as exposing unit, the transfer roll 5 as transfer member, the fixing device 6 as supporting body as main structure.In addition, the image processing system of the present embodiment releasably possesses the structure of photosensitive drums 1, charged roller 2, developing apparatus 3 etc. having been carried out the handle box of box.

The photosensitive drums 1 of the present embodiment is the OPC photoreceptor of the negative polarity of φ 24mm.This photosensitive drums 1 is configured in fig. 2 arrow R1 direction to rotate with peripheral speed (processing speed, print speed) 100mm/sec.

Charged roller 2 makes the surface of photosensitive drums 1 charged.Charged roller 2 is resilient roller of electric conductivity, has the conductive elastic layer 2b of core bar 2a and covering core bar 2a.Charged roller 2 contacts photosensitive drums 1 pressure with the pressing force of regulation.Using the part (abutting part) contacted with charged roller 2 pressure in the surface of photosensitive drums 1 as electro-mechanical part c.By in this electro-mechanical part c and charged roller 2 with the abutting part of photosensitive drums 1, form charged roll gap.In addition, charged roller 2 driven rotation along with the rotation of photosensitive drums 1.

In addition, the image processing system of the present embodiment has live power charged roller 2 being applied to band electrical bias.Live power applies DC voltage to the core bar 2a of charged roller 2.The potential difference (PD) that this DC voltage is set to the surface potential of photosensitive drums 1 and the current potential of charged roller 2 becomes the such value of more than discharge ionization voltage, specifically, applies the DC voltage of-1300V as band electrical bias from live power.Now, photosensitive drums 1 surface potential (dark portion current potential) by charged be equably-700V.

Laser beam scanner 4 has laser diode, polygonal mirror etc.This laser beam scanner 4 exports and has been carried out the laser L of intensity modulated accordingly with the time series electricity digital pixel signal of object image information, carries out scan exposure to the surface of charged photosensitive drums 1 by this laser L.The surface potential that the laser power of laser beam scanner 4 is adjusted to the photosensitive drums 1 when having been undertaken by the whole face of laser L to the surface of photosensitive drums 1 exposing becomes-150V.

Developing apparatus 3 has the developing room 301 be made up of the 1st framework 3A and the toner reception room 300 be made up of the 2nd framework 3B.As shown in Figure 1, the 1st framework 3A has: the part 3A1 with aftermentioned open lower end portion Y; There is the part 3A2 of aftermentioned open upper end portion X; And part 3A3.In addition, the 2nd framework 3B has: the part 3B1 being positioned at the outside of the part 3A1 of the 1st framework 3A; Form the most part 3B2 of toner reception room 300; And be positioned at the part 3B3 in outside of part 3A3 of the 1st framework 3A.In developing room 301, be provided with: as the development sleeve 31 of developer carrier; With the restriction scraping blade 33 as limiting part.The magnetic color tuner t as magnetic developer has been accommodated in toner reception room 300.In addition, the detailed content about the structure of developing apparatus 3 is aftermentioned.

Magnetic color tuner t is by attracteding to the surface of development sleeve 31 as the magnetic force of the magnetic roller 32 of the field generating unit of bag in development sleeve 31.Magnetic color tuner t is with certain frictional electrification.And magnetic color tuner t is by utilize developing bias to apply power supply to make (as on supporting body) in photosensitive drums 1 in development section a electrostatic latent image video picture to the developing bias applied between development sleeve 31 and photosensitive drums 1.In the present embodiment, developing bias is set as-350V.In addition, development section a be in the surface of photosensitive drums 1 with development sleeve 31 region in opposite directions and be the region being supplied magnetic developer by development sleeve 31.

As contact transfer printing unit, there is the transfer roll 5 of middle resistance, with the pressure specified, photosensitive drums 1 pressure is arranged contiguously.Using the part (abutting part) contacted with transfer roll 5 pressure in the surface of photosensitive drums 1 as transfer section b.By in this transfer section b and transfer roll 5 with the abutting part of photosensitive drums 1, form transfer nip.The transfer roll 5 of the present embodiment is made up of resistance foaming layer 5b in core bar 5a and covering core bar 5a, employs roller resistance value 5 × 10 ⁸the transfer roll of Ω.And, core bar 5a is applied to the voltage of+2.0kV, the toner image as developer picture formed on the photosensitive drum 1 is transferred to the paper P as transfer materials.

Fixing device 6, by heating the paper P of the toner image via transfer section b transfer printing, pressurize, makes toner image fixing on paper P.Afterwards, the paper P of fixing toner image is discharged to outside device.

< image formation processing >

Next, with reference to Fig. 2, key diagram is as the summary of formation processing.First, if having input print signal to the controller of image processing system main body, then image processing system starts to carry out image and forms action.Then, in the timing of regulation, each drive division is started working and applies voltage.The photosensitive drums 1 be driven in rotation by charged roller 2 by charged equably.Be exposed by the laser L from scanner 4 by photosensitive drums 1 charged equably, form electrostatic latent image on its surface.Afterwards, this electrostatic latent image is supplied to toner (developer) by developer roll 31, is visualized as toner image (developer picture).

On the other hand, about paper P, being separated supply from being transferred material storage portion 70 by being transferred material feeding assembly 71, obtaining synchronous with the timing forming toner image to photosensitive drums 1, sending paper P to transfer area a.Like this, by the effect of transfer roll 5, the toner image in the photosensitive drums 1 be visualized is transferred to paper P.Fixing device 6 is transported to as the paper P being transferred material being transferred toner image.Herein, by heat, pressure, the unfixed toner image on paper P is fixed to paper P.Afterwards, by distributing roller etc. to discharge paper P outside machine.

< cleaner-less system >

Next, the cleaner-less system in the present embodiment is described in detail.In the present embodiment, have employed the so-called cleaner-less system not arranging cleaning member, described cleaning member removes from photosensitive drums 1 not to be transferred and the parts of residual transfer residual toner on the photosensitive drum 1.

Transfer residual toner on the photosensitive drum 1 residual after transfer printing process by the electric discharge in the space part before charged roll gap in the same manner as photosensitive drums 1 by charged be negative polarity.Now, photosensitive drums 1 surface by charged be-700V.The relation (photosensitive drum surface current potential=-700V, charged roller current potential=-1300V) of the charged transfer residual toner for negative polarity due to potential difference (PD) in charged roll gap is not adhered to charged roller 2 and passes through.

The transfer residual toner that have passed charged roll gap arrives the laser irradiating position d of the illuminated laser in the surface of photosensitive drums 1.The many degree of laser to covering exposing unit of transfer residual toner, so can not affect the operation of the electrostatic latent image imaging made in photosensitive drums 1.The toner that have passed the non-exposed portion (not being subject to sharp light-struck photosensitive drum surface) in the toner of laser irradiating position d is recycled to development sleeve 31 by electrostatic force in development section a.

On the other hand, the toner that have passed the exposure portion (being subject to sharp light-struck photosensitive drum surface) in the toner of laser irradiating position d is not recovered by electrostatic force and is continuously present in as former state in photosensitive drums 1.But, there is a part of toner by the power of the physical property caused by the difference of development sleeve 31 and photosensitive drums 1 and situation about being recovered.Be not transferred to paper P like this and residual toner major part is on the photosensitive drum 1 recycled to developing apparatus 3.So the toner being recycled to developing apparatus 3 is used in combination with the toner remained in developing apparatus 3.

(the pollution reply of charged roller)

In the present embodiment, by charged roll gap, have employed two following structures in order to not make transfer residual toner be attached to charged roller 2.

The first, as shown in Figure 2, the transfer roll 5 in the sense of rotation of photosensitive drums and be provided with light de-power unit part 8 between charged roller 2.Light de-power unit part 8 carries out stable electric discharge in order to make in charged roll gap, carries out light except electricity to the surface potential of the photosensitive drums 1 after have passed transfer nip.By utilizing this light de-power unit part 8 to make the current potential of charged front photosensitive drums 1 become-150V degree in longitudinal universe, thus can discharge uniformly when charged, transfer residual toner can be made to become negative polarity equably.Its result, transfer residual toner is by charged roll gap.

The second, the difference of regulation is set with photosensitive drums 1 and charged roller 2 is driven rotate.Although most toner becomes negative polarity as described above by electric discharge, the toner not becoming negative polarity on a small quantity completely remains, and this toner is attached to charged roller 2 sometimes in charged roll gap.Therefore, make charged roller 2 and photosensitive drums 1 drive rotation by arranging the difference of regulation, thus the swiping of photosensitive drums 1 and charged roller 2 can be passed through, make such toner become negative polarity.Thus, there is the effect suppressing toner to adhere to charged roller 2.In the present embodiment, in the core bar 2a of charged roller, be provided with charged roller gear, charged roller gear engages with the drum gear being arranged on photosensitive drums end.Therefore, with photosensitive drums 1 rotary actuation, charged roller 2 also rotary actuation.The peripheral speed that the peripheral speed on the surface of charged roller 2 is set to relative photosensitive drums 1 surface is 115%.About difference, the difference of the present embodiment is 15%, but be preferably 5% to 20% scope in.This is because if arrange excessive difference, then the cutting quantitative change of roller is large, shortens between the operating period of roller.

In such cleaner-less system, particularly as in this embodiment from photosensitive drums 1 to the structure of the direct transfer printings of paper P such as paper, have and be attached to photosensitive drums 1 surface and this paper pruinescence is recovered to the situation of developing apparatus 3 from paper paper powder etc. out.If the paper powder being recycled to developing apparatus 3 is sandwiched between restriction scraping blade 33 and development sleeve 31 in limiting unit e, then upset the toner coating on development sleeve 31.In addition, push through limiting unit e and be coated onto together with toner the paper powder of development sleeve 31 charged for regular charged polarity or with toner aggegation.Therefore, not developing on the photosensitive drum 1 as stain appearance in also passable part, on the contrary, if developing together with toner, not being colored with the partial response ground of paper powder and occurring as white point.In addition, herein, limiting unit e refers to the part (development abutting part) that the restriction scraping blade 33 in development sleeve 31 abuts.

In addition, in the present embodiment, as being transferred materials'use paper, so the problem being reason with paper powder is described, but the present invention is not limited thereto.Such as, for due in the problem occurred as foreign matters such as the plastic powders occurred when being transferred materials'use plastic sheet etc., also by adopting structure of the present invention to obtain effect.

The explanation > of < developing apparatus

Next, with reference to Fig. 1, describe in detail for reducing the problem produced when have employed cleaner-less system as described above, the developing apparatus of the present embodiment.Fig. 1 is the summary section of the structure of the developing apparatus that the present embodiment is shown.

As shown in Figure 1, developing apparatus 3 possesses the toner reception room 300 of accommodating toner in inside and the developing room 301 possessing development sleeve 31.

Development sleeve 31 is the structures defining the conductive elastic layer of thickness about 500 μm in the periphery of the non magnetic sleeve as support portion formed by aluminium, stainless pipe.And, on arrow R2 direction, rotatably support development sleeve 31 by developing room 301.Development sleeve 31 is formed that external diameter is Φ 11mm, the Ra of surfaceness JIS standard is generally average 1.5 ~ 4.5 μm.The direction of photosensitive drums 1 presses development sleeve 31 to abut to photosensitive drums 1.Development sleeve 31, at the both ends of its length direction (direction of principal axis), having arranged intrusion volume restriction roller, by making these rollers abut to photosensitive drums 1, having made the intrusion volume on development sleeve 31 and photosensitive drums 1 surface become the value of regulation.

In addition, have development sleeve gear at the end winding support of a side of development sleeve 31, from the drive source of image processing system main body via this development sleeve gear transmission of drive force of multiple gear mesh, development sleeve 31 is driven in rotation.The superficial velocity of development sleeve 31 relative to photosensitive drums 1 surperficial peripheral speed with 140% velocity contrast rotate forward.The surface of development sleeve 31 has suitable surfaceness can carry and transport the toner of desired amount.

In addition, magnet 32 has been arranged in the inner side of development sleeve 31.Magnet 32 employs cylinder and is formed and the 4 pole magnetic rollers being alternately configured with N pole and S pole at its circumferencial direction.4 poles refer to, with photosensitive drums 1 development pole in opposite directions, with restriction scraping blade 33 restriction pole in opposite directions, for supplying the supply pole of the toner of developing room 301 to development sleeve 31, toner blows out and prevent the leakage of the opposing part of sheet S from preventing this 4 pole, pole.About the magnetic flux density of each pole, restriction pole is the strongest, and be 70mT, other are about 50mT.Different from the situation that development sleeve 31 rotates up in arrow R2 side, magnet 32 is disposed in the inner side of development sleeve 31 regularly.

Restriction scraping blade 33 is structures of the tabular formed by SUS, phosphor bronze etc. of such as thickness 100 μm of degree, and its base end part is fixed on support panel beating, and makes its leading section 33a with curvature abut to development sleeve 31 surface with the pressure of regulation.With its abutting power for the mode of about 20gf/cm ~ 40gf/cm (the abutting load-carrying about every 1cm of the length direction of development sleeve 31) abuts.In embodiment 1, curvature is made to be that the leading section 33a of the free end of the restriction scraping blade 33 of about 0.2mm degree abuts to development sleeve 31.As the curvature of leading section 33a, be preferably set to below 2mm from the viewpoint of thickness restraint.

The magnetic force of restriction scraping blade 33 restricted passage magnet 32 attracted to the thick-layer of the toner on development sleeve 31 surface.Development sleeve 31 when the toner of the surface of development sleeve 31 carrying is by utilizing restriction scraping blade 33 to limit thickness and the frictional electrification caused by the swiping between restriction scraping blade 33 and be endowed applicable electric charge, so be transported to photosensitive drums 1 with development section a region in opposite directions.Now, from direct supply, developing bias (-350V) is applied to development sleeve 31.In development section a, by the current potential on photosensitive drums 1 surface and the potential difference (PD) of development sleeve 31, the toner on development sleeve 31 is attached to the electrostatic latent image being formed in photosensitive drums 1 surface for electrostatically.Like this, be toner image by latent electrostatic image developing.

Toner conveyance member 34 is rotatably configured in (in reception room) in toner reception room 300, kneads open the toner in toner reception room 300, and transports toner to developing room 301.Toner conveyance member 34 comprises mandrel rod parts 34a and the PPS diaphragm 34b of the band back up formed with resin material as shown in Figure 1.In addition, as shown in Figure 1, limiting unit e is arranged at the top of the vertical direction at the axle center of toner conveyance member 34.And with its both ends for rotation center, arrow R4 side in FIG rotates up.About the driving force for making toner conveyance member 34 rotate, generally utilize by such as reducing to applicable rotational speed from above-mentioned development sleeve gear by gear row.

In the present embodiment, toner uses the magnetic mono-component toner of negative charging.This toner be in binding resin (the positive butyl ester copolymer of styrene acrylic) 100 weight portions with magnetic particle 80 weight portion for having wrapped the toner of wax etc. in major constituent, mean grain size is 7.5 μm.As additive, use 1.2 weight portions, fine silica end.When employing such toner in the developing apparatus 3 of said structure, the toner coating amount on development sleeve 31 becomes about 0.4mg/cm ²~ 0.9mg/cm ²degree.

Herein, the weight average particle diameter of toner is described.As determinator, use Coulter-counter TA-II type (Coulter Inc.), electrolytic solution uses 1 grade sodium chloride to adjust 1%NaCl aqueous solution.As determination method, in the molten aqueous solution 100 ~ 150ml of above-mentioned electrolysis, add the interfacial agent of 0.1 ~ 0.5ml as spreading agent, and then add the mensuration sample of 2 ~ 20ml.For the electrolytic solution making specimen suspension, carrying out dispersion treatment with ultrasonic disperser, by above-mentioned Coulter-counter, use 100 μm of apertures as aperture, is that benchmark measures size-grade distribution with number.Thus, weight average particle diameter is obtained.

In addition, the toner used is preferably, and under state before use, aggegation degree is less than 40, by being less than 55 between the operating period.The assay method of aggegation degree is below shown.

(1) toner aggegation degree measures

Powder tester (Hosokawamicron Inc.) is used to determine toner aggegation degree.On powder tester, from top, 3 grades of screen clothes are overlapped according to the order of 200 grids (77 μm, mesh, wire diameter 50 μm), 373 grids (38 μm, mesh, wire diameter 30 μm), 635 grids (20 μm, mesh, wire diameter 20 μm).Then, the 2g sample of weighing is placed on screen cloth still, the vibration in 5 seconds is provided with amplitude 1.5mm, be determined at the weight of toner residual on each screen cloth, calculate toner aggegation degree according to following formula.

, the amount of the sample of weighing is set to K herein, the toner amount on the grid of epimere is set to L, the toner amount on the grid in stage casing is set to M, the toner amount on the grid of hypomere is set to N.Now, if be set to X=L/K, Y=M/K × 0.6, Z=N/K × 0.2, then toner aggegation degree (%) is represented by following (formula 1).

[formula 1]

Aggegation degree (%)=(X+Y+Z) × 100 ... (formula 1)

About the toner that mobility is high, the toner amount remained on 200 grids is few, and the toner remaining in grid below becomes many, and aggegation degree becomes low value.

(2) average circularity of toner

In addition, the toner used is not crushed toner, to be preferably average circularity be more than 0.93 polymerization toner.The assay method of circularity is below shown.

The circularity of the toner in the present embodiment uses as the easy method of the shape showing particle quantitatively, in the present embodiment, use the streaming particle image analytical equipment FPIA-1000 of East Asia medical electric Inc., measure shape of particle, obtain circularity by following (formula 2).And then, as shown in (formula 3), the value that the summation of the circularity of wholegrain of mensuration obtains divided by wholegrain subnumber is defined as average circularity.

[formula 2]

(formula 2)

[formula 3]

(formula 3)

In addition, as " FPIA-1000 " of the determinator used in the present embodiment after the circularity calculating each particle, when calculating average circularity, according to the circularity obtained, particle is divided into the segmentation scopes of having carried out 61 segmentations.Such as, by circularity 0.400 ~ 1.000 with 0.010 interval as being more than or equal to 0.400 and being less than 0.410, being more than or equal to 0.410 and being less than 0.420 ... be more than or equal to 0.990 and be less than the segmentation scope that 1.000 and 1.000 are divided into 61 segmentations like that.Then, use central value and the frequency of cut-point, calculate average circularity.

Each value of the average circularity calculated by this computing method, considerably less with the error of each value of the average circularity by directly using the calculating formula of the circularity of above-mentioned each particle to calculate, be in fact insignificant degree.Therefore, in the present embodiment, according to the reason in the disposal of data the simplification as the shortening of computing time, calculation operations formula, the concept of the calculating formula of the circularity of the directly above-mentioned each particle of use is utilized, and such computing method that use part changes.

Circularity in the present embodiment is the index of the concavo-convex degree representing particle, when particle be complete spherical represent 1.000, surface configuration is more complicated, and circularity is less value.As the concrete assay method of circularity, in the water 10ml of the non-ionic interfacial agent of dissolving about 0.1mg, disperse the toner of about 5mg to adjust dispersion liquid, dispersion liquid is irradiated to the ultrasound wave (20kHz, 50W) of 5 minutes.Then, dispersion liquid concentration is set to 5000 ~ 20000/μ l, uses above-mentioned streaming particle image determinator, measure the circularity distribution with the particle in the suitable footpath of circle of more than 3 μm.

The outline of mensuration is described, as described below in the catalogue (version in June nineteen ninety-five) of FPIA-1000, the operation manual of determinator and Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 8-136439 publication that East Asia medical electric society (strain) issues.

Make sample dispersion liquid by the stream (along flow direction expansion) of smooth and flat transparent flow cell (thickness about 200 μm).The mode of the light path passed through across with the thickness forming relative flow cell, flashlamp and CCD camera are mounted to relative flow cell and are mutually positioned at opposition side.During the flowing of sample dispersion liquid, flash light irradiates with the interval of 1/30 second to obtain the image of the particle flow through in flow cell, and its result, each particle is by the two dimensional image of photographing as having the certain limit parallel with flow cell.According to the area of the two dimensional image of each particle, the diameter of a circle with same area is calculated as the suitable footpath of circle.According to the projected area of the two dimensional image of each particle and the circumference of projection image, use above-mentioned circularity calculating formula, calculate the circularity of each particle.

< paper powder reply structure >

Next, with reference to Fig. 1, Fig. 3, the paper powder reply structure as the feature of embodiment 1 is described.Fig. 3 is the figure of the activity of the toner illustrated in the developing apparatus in embodiment 1.In the developing apparatus 3 of embodiment 1, developing room 301 is connected by opening Q with toner reception room 300.And become following structure: by toner conveyance member 34, the toner in toner reception room 300 is transported to developing room 301 via opening Q.

In addition, as shown in Figure 1, the feature of developing apparatus 3 is, the bottom g that the bottom h of developing room 301 compares toner reception room 300 is positioned at the top of vertical direction, and limiting unit e opposed open Q is positioned at directly over vertical direction.In addition, Fig. 1 illustrates the developing apparatus 3 of the state being arranged on image processing system, and in FIG, above-below direction is vertical direction, and the direction vertical with vertical direction is horizontal direction.In addition, the direction downward from top of vertical direction is gravity direction.

As shown in Figure 1, when the turning axle direction of photoconductor drum 1 is observed, the straight line hung down from limiting unit e to gravity direction is set to straight line B.In addition, when the turning axle direction of photoconductor drum 1 is observed, the straight line of connection opening upper end X and open lower end portion Y is set to straight line A.In the present embodiment, when the turning axle direction of photoconductor drum 1 is observed, straight line A compares with the intersection point f of straight line B and is present in top by the surface level of open lower end portion Y.In the present embodiment, the sense of rotation of development sleeve 31 be with opening Q part in opposite directions in from open lower end portion Y towards the direction of open upper end portion X.

In addition, the top of vertical direction is positioned at compared to the bottom g of toner reception room 300, the bottom h of developing room 301.In addition, as shown in Figure 1, bottom h refers to, the foot in the developing room 301 under the state that developing apparatus 3 is installed to image processing system main body, bottom g refers to, the foot of the toner reception room 300 under the state that developing apparatus 3 is installed to image processing system main body.

And then in the present embodiment, the axle center j that the axle center i of the toner conveyance member 34 in toner reception room 300 compares development sleeve 31 is configured at the below of vertical direction.Therefore, become by toner from toner reception room 300 draw up and be supplied to developing room 301, toner draws the developing apparatus of upper type.

By adopting such structure, the toner in developing apparatus 3 carries out activity such shown in the arrow C 1 ~ C3 of Fig. 3 (a), Fig. 3 (b).Fig. 3 (a) illustrates the state (arrow C 1) by toner conveyance member 34, toner being sent to developing room 301 from toner reception room 300.Toner in developing room 301 carries out the such activity of arrow C 2 with the rotation of development sleeve 31.

By the rotation of development sleeve 31, transport the toner being supplied to development sleeve 31 by magnetic force.The toner being transported to the limiting unit e of development sleeve 31 is peeled off surplus by restriction scraping blade 33.Such residue toner forms the flowing (arrow C 2) to be turned back to toner reception room by the form of the toner extrusion next from rear.Particularly, as shown in Fig. 3 (b), in the front end of toner conveyance member 34 through after opening Q, the toner of restriction scraping blade 33 periphery is easy to turn back to toner reception room 300 upper freely the falling of gravity direction (vertical).

Next, with reference to Fig. 4, describe the activity of the paper powder in embodiment 1 in detail.Fig. 4 is the figure of the activity of the paper powder illustrated in embodiment 1.Dotted arrow D1 ~ D4 in Fig. 4 represents the activity of paper powder.

Be attached to the paper powder of photosensitive drums 1 at transfer section b place when by charged roll gap from paper P, be subject to the electric discharge of minus side, thus become negative polarity.The charged paper powder for negative polarity is electrically recovered to development sleeve 31 (arrow D1 → D2) at development section a place.

The paper powder being recycled to development sleeve 31 mixes with the magnetic color tuner existed in developing room 301 and is transported to limiting unit e.Magnetic color tuner attracted to development sleeve 31 by magnetic force, but paper powder is not owing to having magnetic force, so the power being attached to development sleeve 31 is little.Therefore, even if be transported to limiting unit e, by restriction scraping blade 33, peeled from development sleeve 31 together with unnecessary toner.

The paper powder departed from from development sleeve 31 at limiting unit e place is by the cyclic force of toner, gravity and be transported to the toner reception room 300 (arrow D3) being present in lower position from developing room 301.The paper powder having delivered to toner reception room 300 is transported to developing room 301 again by toner conveyance member 34 grade sometimes, but owing to being the toner supplying formula drawing mo(u)ld top half, so the paper powder without magnetic force falls on gravity direction, development sleeve 31 can not be supplied to as magnetic color tuner.

As shown in Figure 4, in embodiment 1, immediately below limiting unit e, the opening Q connecting developing room 301 and toner reception room 300 is configured with, so efficiently the paper powder departed from limiting unit e place can be sent to toner reception room 300.Therefore, can not sustainable existence paper powder near development sleeve 31, so paper pruinescence can be suppressed to be clipped between development sleeve 31 and restriction scraping blade 33 or through the risk of limiting unit e.

In addition, the opening Q in the present embodiment refers to, the space between the open upper end portion X that the 1st framework 3A forming developing room 301 has and open lower end portion Y.And in the present embodiment, the space (i.e. opening Q) between open upper end portion X and open lower end portion Y is in immediately below limiting unit e.Herein, as shown in Figure 4, the situation of following structure is also had: the part (the teat Z in Fig. 4) forming the 2nd framework 3B of toner reception room 300 is given prominence to and covers opening Q.When such structure, the space between the teat Z of the 2nd framework 3B and the open upper end portion X of the 1st framework 3A is in immediately below limiting unit e.That is, when opening Q is covered by the 2nd framework 3B, the dotted line m in Fig. 4 is between dotted line l and dotted line n, and limiting unit e is in the top of the vertical direction of teat Z.On the other hand, when opening Q is not covered by the 2nd framework 3B, the dotted line m in Fig. 4 is between dotted line k and dotted line n, and limiting unit e is in the top of the vertical direction of open lower end portion Y.In addition, dotted line k, l, m, n refer to, respectively by the straight line of the vertical direction of open lower end portion Y, teat Z, limiting unit e, open upper end portion X.

Herein, Figure 13 illustrates the developing apparatus of past case.In the developing apparatus of past case, the opening Q that limiting unit e does not connect developing room 301 and toner reception room 300 is relatively positioned at (top) directly over vertical direction.In addition, the bottom g that the bottom h of developing room 301 compares toner reception room 300 is positioned at the below of vertical direction.

Therefore, the paper powder being in the position leaving development sleeve 31 is continuously present in developing room 301.Therefore, there is the risk that paper pruinescence is supplied to development sleeve 31.Paper powder near development sleeve 31 is pressed against development sleeve 31 by the pressure of the toner supplied from toner reception room 300.Such paper powder is attached to development sleeve 31 sometimes and arrives limiting unit e and be sandwiched between development sleeve 31 and restriction scraping blade 33 or through limiting unit e.

As illustrated before this, the bottom of limiting unit, opening, developing room, the position of reception room become above-mentioned relation, thus paper powder can be made to be contained in reception room.

Below, with the present embodiment associatedly, about can more effectively make paper powder be contained in the structure of reception room, illustrate add structure.

First, in embodiment 1, as toner, use aggegation degree low and the toner that sphericity is high, thus be easy to the effect of the paper powder reply structure under the such developing apparatus shape of performance the present embodiment.The toner that aggegation degree is high is easy to untie, so paper powder and toner are easy to be separated.The toner that sphericity is high also tails off with the contact of paper powder, diminishes with the adhesion of toner.Therefore, paper powder and toner are easy to be separated.In addition, the circulation of toner due to high mobility between developing room and toner reception room 300 that aggegation degree is low comes to life, and is easy to paper powder to be transported to toner reception room 300.Like this, by using aggegation degree low and the toner that sphericity is high, be easy to the effect of the paper powder reply structure playing embodiment 1.

Herein, the toner that the aggegation degree in the present embodiment is low refers to, when not using (or use before) state under be less than 40 aggegation degree.And then, by until change before operating period between, aggegation degree is preferably less than 55.The toner that sphericity in the present embodiment is high refers to, average circularity is the polymerization toner of more than 0.85, is preferably the polymerization toner of more than 0.93.

In addition, in the present embodiment, the bottom of limiting unit, opening, developing room, the position of reception room meet above-mentioned relation, and the characteristic of toner becomes additional important document.Therefore, about toner, just aggegation degree is low also passable.About toner, just sphericity height is also passable.Self-evident, the toner certainly with the characteristic of two sides is more effective.

Next, with reference to Fig. 5, about abutting state and the abutting pressure of the restriction scraping blade 33 pairs of development sleeves 31 in embodiment 1, the structure added is described.Fig. 5 (a) is the skeleton diagram of the distribution that the restriction scraping blade of embodiment 1 and the abutting state of development sleeve and abutting pressure are shown, Fig. 5 (b) is the skeleton diagram of the distribution that the restriction scraping blade of variation 1 and the abutting state of development sleeve and abutting pressure are shown.

In embodiment 1, as shown in Fig. 5 (a), the edge 33a1 (bight) of the leading section 33a of restriction scraping blade 33 abuts to the surface of development sleeve 31.On the other hand, in variation 1, as shown in Fig. 5 (b), the belly 33a2 of the leading section 33a of restriction scraping blade 33 abuts to the surface of development sleeve 31.

Herein, the arrow E 1 of Fig. 5 (a), Fig. 5 (b) represents the activity of paper powder.In the structure of embodiment 1, the abutting pressure that the front of restriction scraping blade 33 applies is uprised, even if paper powder such as arrives near limiting unit e, is also peeled off at the entrance of limiting unit e.On the other hand, in the structure of variation 1, the abutting pressure of restriction caused by scraping blade 33 broadens extensively, so the abutting pressure that there is limiting unit e entrance is weak, paper powder enters into the possibility between restriction scraping blade 33 and development sleeve 31.

By improving the peak value abutting pressure like this near the edge 33a1 of the leading section 33a of restriction scraping blade 33, toner can be reduced further to the phenomenon pushing through, sandwich between restriction scraping blade 33 and development sleeve 31.

(embodiment 2)

Next, with reference to Fig. 6, embodiment 2 is described.Fig. 6 (a) is the skeleton diagram of the distribution that the restriction scraping blade of embodiment 2 and the abutting state of development sleeve and abutting pressure are shown, Fig. 6 (b) is the skeleton diagram of the distribution of the restriction scraping blade of the variation 2 that embodiment 2 is shown and the abutting state of development sleeve and abutting pressure.About the structure of the developing apparatus of embodiment 2 and variation 2, identical except limiting the structure difference of scraping blade, so use prosign for same structure, the description thereof will be omitted.

The restriction scraping blade 33 of embodiment 2, as shown in Fig. 6 (a), to have the mode in gap between leading section 33a and development sleeve 31, has difference of height portion 331 in the upstream of the sense of rotation of development sleeve 31.At the upstream side of the sense of rotation in difference of height portion 331, there is eaves portion 332.In addition, the restriction scraping blade 33 as the variation 2 of embodiment 2 becomes following shape: as shown in Fig. 6 (b), possesses the protuberance 334 and eaves portion 332 that have as the curved surface in difference of height portion.The difference of height portion of the present embodiment compares abutting portion in the upstream of sense of rotation, so in order to distinguish with aftermentioned difference of height portion, as difference of height portion, upstream.

By arranging this eaves portion 332, large paper powder was removed (in figure 6 arrow E 1) from development sleeve by eaves portion 332 before arrival limiting unit e.The gap of eaves portion 332 and development sleeve 31 is narrow, so the gap of eaves portion 332 and development sleeve 31 becomes densification state by the toner moved.Therefore, little paper powder is also prevented from invading, so become the state that paper powder is difficult to enter into limiting unit e by the toner of densification state accumulated in eaves portion 332.

In addition, in example 2, as shown in Fig. 6 (a), the edge 331a in the difference of height portion 331 of restriction scraping blade 33 abuts to the surface of development sleeve 31.Determine higher therefore, it is possible to the peak value in limiting unit e is installed with, toner can be reduced to the phenomenon pushing through, sandwich between development sleeve 31 and restriction scraping blade 33.

In example 2, the height H in difference of height portion 331 is set as 300 μm, the length I in eaves portion is set as 1.0mm, but be not limited thereto in the present invention, preferably difference of height height H is set as 200 ~ 400 μm, the length I in eaves portion is set as 0.5 ~ 2.5mm.

Even the shape in the variation 2 of the embodiment shown in Fig. 6 (b) 2, also obtains same effect.Under this shape, also the height H of difference of height is set as 300 μm, eaves length l is set as 1.0mm, the R of protuberance 334 is set as 0.4mm.

By using the restriction scraping blade 33 of the shape of the variation of embodiment 2, embodiment 2 as described above, large paper powder can be removed in advance before arrival limiting unit e.And then, can reduce because paper powder is clipped in or pushes through the impact on image caused between development sleeve 31 and restriction scraping blade 33.

(embodiment 3)

The integrally-built outline > of < image processing system

First, with reference to Fig. 7, the integrally-built outline of the image processing system of embodiments of the invention 3 is described.Fig. 7 is the integrally-built summary section of the image processing system that embodiments of the invention 3 are shown.In the present embodiment, as image processing system, employ the monochrome laser printer utilizing transfer-type electrofax process.In addition, about in this not specified item, with embodiment 1,2 identical.About in embodiment 3 with embodiment 1,2 common structures, additional with embodiment 1,2 identical symbols omit the description.

The photosensitive drums 1 of the present embodiment is the OPC photoreceptor of negative polarity.This photosensitive drums 1 is configured to arrow R1 direction in the drawings and can rotates with peripheral speed (processing speed, print speed) 150mm/sec.Compared to the image processing system of embodiment 1, reduce the diameter of photosensitive drums and make its miniaturization.In addition, difference is: light is positioned at directly over the summit of photosensitive drums except the position of electric unit 8, compared to the structure of embodiment 1, is positioned at the position of being more abutted against tactile live part side.

< charged roller pollutes corresponding >

In the present embodiment, in order to not make transfer residual toner be attached to charged roller 2 by charged roll gap, adopt two following structures.

The first, as shown in Figure 8, the transfer roll 5 in the sense of rotation of photosensitive drums 1 and be provided with light de-power unit part 8 between charged roller 2.Light de-power unit part 8 carries out stable electric discharge in order to make in charged roll gap, carries out light except electricity to photosensitive drums 1 surface potential after have passed transfer nip.By utilizing this light de-power unit part 8, making the current potential of charged front photosensitive drums 1 become-150V degree in longitudinal universe, thus can discharge uniformly when charged, transfer residual toner can be made to become negative polarity equably.Its result, transfer residual toner is by charged roll gap.

The second, the difference of regulation is set with photosensitive drums 1 and charged roller 2 is driven rotate.Although most toner becomes negative polarity as described above by electric discharge, the toner not becoming negative polarity on a small quantity completely remains, and this toner is attached to charged roller 2 sometimes in charged roll gap.Therefore, make charged roller 2 and photosensitive drums 1 drive rotation by arranging the difference of regulation, thus the swiping of photosensitive drums 1 and charged roller 2 can be passed through, make such toner become negative polarity.Thus, there is the effect suppressing toner to adhere to charged roller 2.

Illustrate that the light relevant with reducing the structure of adhere to the toner of above-mentioned charged roller removes the structure of electric unit and charged roller.

< light de-power unit part >

Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram of the schematic configuration of the light de-power unit part 8 illustrated in embodiment 3.As shown in Figure 9, light de-power unit part 8 becomes following structure: the LED81 being configured at image processing system main body irradiates light from photosensitive drums longitudinal end, and the light of this irradiation is by being irradiated to the longitudinal universe of photosensitive drums 1 with the longitudinal light pipe 82 configured opposite to each other of photosensitive drums 1.By making cost structure, in the longitudinal extent of photosensitive drums 1, the deviation of the light quantity of irradiating can be reduced.In addition, as other light except electric unit 8, also can be the LED array being arranged multiple LED on the length direction of photosensitive drums.

< charged roller (contact electrification parts) >

Charged roller 2 has the top layer on the surface of the core bar 2a of Φ 6, the conductive elastic layer 2b covering core bar 2a and covering elastic layer.The external diameter with the part on conductive elastic layer and top layer is about Φ 10.By spring, with the pressurization of one-sided about 400g, charged roller 2 is pressed into photosensitive drums.Thus, charged roller 2 and photosensitive drums 1 form the roll gap of regulation.In the present embodiment, the core bar 2a of charged roller 2 is provided with charged roller gear, and charged roller gear engages with the drum gear being arranged on photosensitive drums end.Therefore, with photosensitive drums 1 rotary actuation, charged roller 2 also rotary actuation.At charged roller 2 surface and the abutting part (contact site) on photosensitive drums 1 surface, respective surface is moved (forward drive) in a same direction.The peripheral speed (translational speed on surface) on the surface of charged roller 2 is set to the peripheral speed fast 15% on relative photosensitive drums 1 surface.

The position relationship > of < charged roller and light de-power unit part

In recent years, by the miniaturization of image processing system, photosensitive drums 1 path, the distance of charged roller 2 and light de-power unit part 8 becomes near.Therefore, there is toner, the paper powder charged into charged roll gap dispersed by the driving of charged roller 2 and pollute the worry of light de-power unit part 8.Particularly, the worry that the part that there is light pipe 82 is polluted.

In the present embodiment, in order to tackle above-mentioned problem, compared to the electro-mechanical part c forming charged roll gap, by light except electric unit 8 is configured at above gravity direction.That is, following structure is taked: compared with the position of the electro-mechanical part c of the abutting part (part abutted with charged roller in photosensitive drums) of the photosensitive drums side of the part connected as charged roller and photosensitive drums, light is positioned at the below of vertical direction except electric unit 8.Thus, the toner dispersed by the driving of charged roller 2, paper powder are fallen substantially on gravity direction.Therefore, by light de-power unit part is configured at than electro-mechanical part c by the top, can reduces and disperse and the toner, the paper powder that fall pollute the phenomenon of light de-power unit part 8.

And then as mentioned above, relative for the driving direction of charged roller 2 photosensitive drums 1 surface is set to forward, and establishes all speed ratio photosensitive drums 1 of charged roller 2 fast.By being made such structure, the toner in photosensitive drums, paper powder by charged roller by the sense of rotation downstream (or sense of rotation downstream of charged roller) of extrusion to photosensitive drums.Therefore, in charged roll gap, not easily cause toner, phenomenon that paper pruinescence scrapes off.In addition, even if cause charged roller that the toner in photosensitive drums, paper powder are scraped off such phenomenon, the direction that toner, paper powder disperse also be towards be configured with the direction of light except contrary side (sense of rotation upstream side), the side of electric unit as sense of rotation downstream.Therefore, the situation of dispersing to light except electric unit is lowered.

(embodiment 4)

Figure 10 illustrates the configuration of charged roller as the feature of embodiments of the invention 4 and light de-power unit part.It is identical with embodiment 3 that these are configured to outer structure, omits the description.

In the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 10, charged roller 2 and light are removed electric unit 8 and be configured at opposition side respectively across the straight line of the summit u and center v that are connected photosensitive drums 1.Thus, be positioned at the situation on the summit of photosensitive drums 1 compared to light as Fig. 7, Fig. 8 except electric unit, reduce the toner, the paper powder that disperse at charged roll gap place and be attached to the phenomenon of light except electric unit.Owing to there is the summit u of photosensitive drums 1 between charged roller 2 and light are except electric unit 8, be difficult to arrive to the structure of light except electric unit side so become the toner, the paper powder that disperse.The toner dispersed as mentioned above, paper powder fall substantially immediately, so what exceed the apex of photosensitive drums is minute quantity.Therefore, light can not be polluted except electric unit with the degree making light quantity significantly reduce.

Use Figure 11, the activity of transfer residual toner and paper powder is described.Figure 11 (a) illustrates that embodiment 3, Figure 11 (b) illustrates that embodiment 4, Figure 11 (c) illustrates comparative example.Comparative example is following structure: arrange light in the below of charged roller 2 except electric unit 8, and then by the moving direction on charged roller 2 surface at the direction enterprising row cutting contrary with photosensitive drums 1 surface.

Arrow in figure represents the activity of transfer residual toner and paper powder.In Figure 11 (a), (b), charged roller 2 forward drive, so most toner and paper powder are by charged roll gap.Sometimes how many toner and paper powder disperse in charged roll gap, but they can not arrive light except electric unit and again land in photosensitive drums 1.In contrast, in the structure of the comparative example of Figure 11 c, the toner be scraped off at charged roll gap place and paper powder fall downwards, are attached to light except electric unit 8.Therefore, there is light cannot with the worry of sufficient light quantity irradiation except electric light due to pollution except electric unit 8.

As described above, by being set as configuration, the structure of charged roller 2 such shown in embodiment 3,4 and light de-power unit part 8, light can be reduced except electric unit 8 is by the phenomenon of paper powder, toner contamination.And then, by being made such structure, can make charged roller 2 and light except the distance of electric unit 8 close, also can make contributions to image processing system, the miniaturization of box that uses wherein.

In embodiment 3,4, it is the black white image forming apparatus that have employed the contact development employing magnetic color tuner, but being not limited thereto, also can be have employed the full-color image forming apparatus contacting visualization way employing nonmagnetic toner and toner supplying roller.In addition, in the image processing system of the present embodiment, describe and be configured to making to comprise photosensitive drums 1, charged roller 2, developing apparatus 3, light for apparatus main body removably situation except the structure-integrated handle box of electric unit 8, but the structure of box is not limited thereto.Such as, also can by make except photosensitive drums 1 and developing apparatus 3, comprise charged roller 2, light and be configured to can load and unload for apparatus main body except the structure-integrated box of electric unit 8.In addition, also can be make live part 2, light except the such structure of the bulging assembly (bulging device) of electric unit 8, photosensitive drums 1 integration.

(embodiment 5)

With reference to Figure 12, embodiment 5 is described.Figure 12 is the skeleton diagram of the distribution that the restriction scraping blade of embodiment 5 and the abutting state of development sleeve and abutting pressure are shown.Specifically, the variation 5 of the variation 3, Figure 12 (c) of Figure 12 (a) to be embodiment 5, Figure 12 (b) be embodiment 5 to be variation 4, Figure 12 (d) of embodiment 5 be embodiment 5.These each figure are schematic cross sectional view of the situation of the abutting part periphery that restriction scraping blade 33 in each structure and development sleeve 31 are shown.This section is the section vertical with the length direction (axle of development sleeve 31) of restriction scraping blade 33.In addition, the structure of the image processing system of embodiment 5 is roughly the same with embodiment 1, so the description thereof will be omitted for same structure use prosign.The feature of the present embodiment is, restriction scraping blade 33 is applied to the shape of scraping blade bias voltage and restriction scraping blade 33.

< scraping blade bias voltage >

In the present embodiment, to give for the purpose of the electric charge be applicable to toner, in order to arrange potential difference (PD) between restriction scraping blade 33 and development sleeve 31, the scraping blade bias voltage that relative developing bias is the polarity side identical with toner is applied to restriction scraping blade 33.In the present embodiment, from voltage applying unit Vb (developing bias applying power supply) to development sleeve 31 be applied with as voltage V2 (developing bias)-350 voltage.In addition, in the present embodiment, in order to the potential difference (PD) making the relative development sleeve 31 of restriction scraping blade 33 have-300V, by voltage applying unit Va (scraping blade bias voltage applies power supply), restriction scraping blade 33 is applied with to the voltage of-650V as voltage V1 (scraping blade bias voltage).Namely, in order to make development sleeve 31 become the potential difference (PD) (-300) of the size of polarity (bear) side identical with toner with the potential difference (PD) of restriction scraping blade 33, apply scraping blade bias voltage with relative developing bias (-350V) in the size (-650V) that the polarity side identical with toner is large.But, when only considering paper powder countermeasure, also can be do not execute biased structure.

< limits scraping blade >

In the present embodiment, as restriction scraping blade 33, the restriction scraping blade of the surrounding covering the SUS plate 336 of thickness about 80 μm with the electroconductive resin 337 (electroconductive component) of thickness about 100 μm is employed.In addition, in restriction scraping blade 33, in the downstream of the limiting unit e as the contact site with development sleeve 31, to have the mode with the gap of development sleeve 31, the difference of height portion 333 that height H 2 is 300 μm is provided with.

The movable > of < paper powder

Herein, the arrow E 2 of Figure 12 (a) represents the activity of paper powder.Be recycled to paper powder in developer sometimes by the conveyance power caused by the surfaceness of development sleeve 31, be carried to the surface of development sleeve 31 together with toner, be transported to the limiting unit e between restriction scraping blade 33 and development sleeve 31.Be transported to toner and the paper powder of limiting unit e, be limited thickness by restriction scraping blade 33, and be endowed electric charge by the frictional electrification caused by the swiping between development sleeve 31 and restriction scraping blade 33.Now, for the toner of negative charging used in embodiment 5, by the charged row of toner and paper powder, paper powder be easy to by charged be positive polarity.Be biased in by scraping blade restriction scraping blade 33 and development sleeve 31 between arrange in the structure of potential difference (PD), have passed limiting unit e and the charged paper powder for positive polarity due to the potential difference (PD) of restriction scraping blade 33 and development sleeve 31, attracted to restriction scraping blade 33 in the downstream of limiting unit e.Now, limit scraping blade 33 and the downstream of limiting unit e is provided with difference of height portion, downstream 333.Therefore, the paper powder attracteding to restriction scraping blade 33 accumulates the space (gap) formed between restriction scraping blade 33 and development sleeve 31 in the downstream of limiting unit e by difference of height portion 333.Even if in paper feed paper powder increase simultaneously, also can accumulate paper powder by difference of height portion, downstream 333, so can reduce due to the coating on upset development sleeve 31 and the bad phenomenon of image occurs.

Herein, when the difference of height height H 2 in difference of height portion 333 is little, be difficult to fully accumulate paper powder.On the other hand, when difference of height height H 2 is large, paper powder not easily attracted to restriction scraping blade.Therefore, in the present embodiment, the potential difference (PD) of restriction scraping blade 33 and development sleeve 31 is set as-300V, the height H 2 in difference of height portion 333 is set as 300 μm, but when potential difference (PD) is-300V, expect difference of height height H 2 to be set as 100 ~ 500 μm.

Even if in the structure different from said structure, by suitably selecting the scope of difference of height height H 2, also same effect can be obtained.In addition, about scraping blade bias voltage, from the viewpoint of giving the electric charge be applicable to toner, also expect the potential difference (PD) being set as there is-100V ~-600V between restriction scraping blade 33 and development sleeve 31.

Even the shape in the variation 3 of the embodiment shown in Figure 12 (b) 5, also obtains same effect.In this variation, there is following structure: in the section vertical with the length direction of restriction scraping blade 33, about in restriction scraping blade 33 with the thickness of the electroconductive resin 337 of development sleeve 31 side, face in opposite directions, the downstream that the upstream side (front) from limiting unit e compares limiting unit e is formed thicklyer.Even if the paper pruinescence that in such a configuration, have passed limiting unit e captures the space in the downstream of the limiting unit e formed by difference of height portion 333.About this difference of height portion 333, in above-mentioned section shape, also the height H 2 of difference of height is set as 300 μm.

Even the shape in the variation 4 of the embodiment shown in Figure 12 (c) 5, also obtains same effect.This variation has following structure: in the section vertical with the length direction of restriction scraping blade 33, possesses the protuberance 334 that entirety has the profile of arc-shaped.About this protuberance 334, in above-mentioned section shape, the height of difference of height (in restriction scraping blade 33 with development sleeve 31 face in opposite directions to the height of the top of circular-arc part) H2 is set as 300 μm, the R of protuberance 334 is set as 0.4mm.

Even the shape in the variation 5 of the embodiment shown in Figure 12 (d) 5, also obtains same effect.This variation has following structure: in the section vertical with the length direction of restriction scraping blade 33, and the front end face with overall shape of giving prominence to is formed as the protuberance 335 of the arc profile of convex substantially rectangularly.About this protuberance 335, in above-mentioned section shape, the height of difference of height (in restriction scraping blade 33 with development sleeve 31 face in opposite directions to the height of the top of arc-shaped front end face) H2 is set as 300 μm, the R of the arc profile of the front end of protuberance 335 is set as 1.2mm.

According to above-described embodiment 5 and each variation, the paper powder that can reduce accumulation upsets the phenomenon of the toner on development sleeve 31.Thereby, it is possible to the paper powder reduced owing to piling up is upset the toner on development sleeve 31 and the bad phenomenon of image occurs.

In embodiment 5, describe and difference of height portion is set in the sense of rotation downstream of photosensitive drums, but still can have the structure that difference of height portion is set at above-mentioned sense of rotation upstream side simultaneously.In this case, paper powder can more effectively be removed.

In embodiment 5, about the posture of developing apparatus, be as under type similarly to Example 1: the bottom g that the bottom h of developing room 301 compares toner reception room 300 is positioned at the top of vertical direction, and limiting unit e opposed open Q is positioned at directly over vertical direction.But, even if when the posture of developing apparatus is different from embodiment 1, also can similarly play the effect obtained by the structure of embodiment 5.

In addition, about developer, describe the situation using magnetic color tuner similarly to Example 1.By using magnetic color tuner, the toner on development sleeve attracted to the magnetic roller inside development sleeve, so advantageously play a role when the downstream separation toner of limiting unit e and paper powder.But, about the situation using nonmagnetic developing agent, also pass through the difference of height portion paper powder being electrically attracted to restriction scraping blade being accumulated restriction scraping blade, thus suppress the effect that the present embodiment of the bad phenomenon of image occurs due to the toner on the paper powder upset development sleeve of accumulation still constant.Therefore, about the situation using nonmagnetic developing agent, also there is same effect.

(embodiment 6)

With reference to Figure 14, Figure 15, Figure 16, embodiment 3 is described.The structure of the developing apparatus of embodiment 3 has feature on the configuration structure of magnet 32 and the position relationship of toner reception room 300, about with embodiment 1,2 identical structures, the description thereof will be omitted to use prosign.

Figure 14 is the summary section of the developing apparatus of the feature become in the present embodiment.Using from comprising toner reception room 300 inwall of open lower end portion Z of toner reception room side 300 to the extended line in development sleeve 31 direction as r.That is, the developing apparatus 3 of embodiment 3 defines wall area W at the internal face of toner reception room 300, and this wall area W is positioned at below the vertical direction of opening Q, is connected with open lower end portion Z, and the direction crossing with development sleeve 31 extends.By the imaginary line (or imaginary plane) that extends in the mode crossing with development sleeve 31 along the face of this wall area W from open lower end portion Z as extended line r (or elongated surfaces r).In addition, using the intersection point (or intersection) on extended line r and development sleeve 31 surface as intersection point q (or intersection q).This intersection point q is set to be arranged between limiting unit e and development sleeve 31 gravity direction lowest point p (bottom of the vertical direction on the surface of development sleeve 31).In addition, the imaginary line (or imaginary plane) extended in the mode crossing with development sleeve 31 top from open lower end portion Z-direction vertical direction is as extended line r2 (or elongated surfaces r2).Using the intersection point (intersection) on extended line r2 and development sleeve 31 surface as intersection point q2 (or intersection q2).This intersection point q2 is also set between limiting unit e and development sleeve 31 gravity direction lowest point p.

Figure 15 (a) is the skeleton diagram of the pole configuration of magnet 32 (magnetic force generating unit) in embodiment 3.Figure 15 (b) is the vertical component of the magnetic flux density B illustrated development sleeve 31 surface in the scope near the restriction of magnet 32 circumferencial direction extremely near supply extremely | Br| and horizontal component | B θ | the skeleton diagram of relation.Transverse axis is circumferential locations, and the longitudinal axis is the absolute value of magnetic flux density (mT).Below, Br, B θ is described in detail in detail.Figure 16 (a) is shown in the cross-section structure of the developing apparatus of the present embodiment shown in Figure 15 | Br|, | B θ |, the schematic diagram of the relation of each pole.Figure 16 (b) is the schematic diagram of the activity that toner in the developing apparatus of the present embodiment and paper powder are shown.

Use series 9900, the detector A-99-153 of the gaussmeter of Bell Co., carry out the mensuration of the magnetic flux density in the present invention.This gaussmeter has the bar-shaped axial detector be connected with gaussmeter main body.First, flatly (mode to make sleeve central axis become level) fixing development sleeve 31.Then, to make detector front end portion (determination part) relative sleeve surface separate a small amount of interval and mode in opposite directions, the detector of relative sleeve (to make detector central shaft level and relative sleeve central shaft becomes the mode at right angle) configuration level posture squarely.And then, be fixed into and make being centrally located at roughly in same level of the center of development sleeve 31 and detector.Limit makes magnet 32 rotate limit and measures magnetic flux density in this condition.Magnet 32 is cylinders roughly concentric with development sleeve 31, so can the magnetic flux density of the surface location of all position finding development sleeves 31 in a circumferential direction and the normal direction at surface location place.According to the magnetic flux density data of the circumferencial direction obtained, obtain the peak strength of each position, be set to Br.That is, Br is the vertical direction component of the magnetic flux density of development sleeve 31 surface.Next, the detector that relative sleeve described above configures squarely is set to make the detector front end of relative sleeve in the tangential direction of the circumferencial direction at development sleeve 31, have rotated the configuration of 90 degree and fixing.In this condition, magnet 32 is rotated, measure the magnetic flux density of the tangential direction at the surface location place of development sleeve 31.According to the magnetic flux density data of the circumferencial direction similarly obtained, obtain the peak strength of each position and be set to B θ.That is, B θ is the horizontal direction component of the magnetic flux density of development sleeve 31 surface.

In addition, as shown in Figure 15 (b), in the present embodiment, be set to become in the position of intersection point q, q2 | Br|<|B θ |.That is, intersection point q, q2 is located in Figure 15 (b) | Br|=|B θ | | Br| and | B θ | between intersection point u1, u2.In the region of this relation, horizontal magnetic field accounts for leading, that is, toner is handled upside down easily through the rotation of development sleeve 31.On the contrary, when | Br|>|B θ |, vertical magnetic field becomes the region of dominance, so be easy to accumulate toner on development sleeve 31 surface.

By using the magnet 32 with the such pole configuration of above explanation, magnetic force distribution, and the configuration structure of each parts to be formed as mentioned above, thus the activity of toner in developing apparatus 3 and paper powder becomes activity such shown in Figure 16 (b).The conveyance power produced by toner conveyance member 34 is towards the direction of extended line r, r2.That is, the toner in toner reception room 300 and paper powder are mostly sent to development sleeve 31 along extended line r, r2, and major part arrives intersection point q, q2.

Herein, in order to supply toner efficiently, intersection point q, q2 in development sleeve sense of rotation from development sleeve 31 gravity direction lowest point p to limiting unit e.Expect, preferably close to lowest point p, to be directly transported to limiting unit e from toner conveyance member 34 to avoid paper powder.

Intersection point q, q2 are set as horizontal magnetic field as mentioned above and account for leading | Br|<|B θ |, so be transported to the toner on development sleeve 31 surface as shown in arrow C in figure 5 by toner conveyance member 34, be transported to limiting unit e efficiently by the rotation of development sleeve 31.In addition, the paper powder without magnetic force falls to gravity direction as shown in arrow D5 in figure, is transported to reception room 300.Illustrate by way of parenthesis, the position accounting for leading intersection point q, q2 at vertical magnetic field is | Br|>|B θ |, be easy at intersection point q, q2 place accumulate toner, paper powder is mixed into together wherein.Its result, by the revolving force of development sleeve 31, paper powder is transported to limiting unit e together with toner.

As mentioned above, make intersection point q, q2 between lowest point p to limiting unit e, and the relation of the magnetic flux density of this position become | Br|<|B θ |, thus paper powder can not be continuously present near development sleeve.In addition, toner and paper powder directly can not be supplied near limiting unit e from toner reception room, so can to suppress to be clipped between development sleeve 31 and restriction scraping blade 33 or through the risk of limiting unit e.

Illustrating of the present invention with reference to accompanying drawing while, it is to be appreciated that the invention is not restricted to disclosed exemplary embodiment.The protection domain of claim should be endowed the widest explanation, to comprise all simple modification and equivalent 26S Proteasome Structure and Function.

Claims

1. a developing apparatus, possesses:

Developer carrier, at surperficial bearing developer;

Reception room, collecting developer; And

It is characterized in that,

2. developing apparatus according to claim 1, is characterized in that,

Described limiting part has difference of height portion in the mode between described developer carrier and described leading section with gap, and the bight in this difference of height portion abuts to described developer carrier.

3. developing apparatus according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that,

Described limiting part has support portion and covers the elastic layer of support portion,

Described elastic layer abuts to described developer carrier.

4. developing apparatus according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that,

The axle that the described conveyance member that can arrange rotatably is compared at the axle center of the described developer carrier that can arrange rotatably is centrally located at the top of vertical direction.

5. developing apparatus according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that,

The axle that described abutting part compares the described conveyance member that can arrange rotatably is centrally located at the top of vertical direction.

6. developing apparatus according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that,

The sense of rotation of described developer carrier be with described opening part in opposite directions in from the bottom of described opening towards the direction of upper end.

7. a developing apparatus, possesses:

Developer carrier, at surperficial bearing developer;

Reception room, collecting developer; And

It is characterized in that,

Described limiting part compares the abutting part with described developer carrier, has the difference of height portion forming gap between described limiting part and described developer carrier in the downstream of the sense of rotation of described developer carrier.

8. developing apparatus according to claim 7, is characterized in that,

Being formed by electroconductive component at least partially of described limiting part.

9. the developing apparatus according to claim 7 or 8, is characterized in that,

Described limiting part is applied to the voltage that potential difference (PD) is set between described developer carrier.

10. developing apparatus according to claim 9, is characterized in that,

The voltage applied described limiting part is the voltage that the voltage that relatively applies described developer carrier is large in the polarity side identical with described developer.

11. developing apparatuss according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that,

The average circularity of described developer is more than 0.93.

12. developing apparatuss according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that,

The aggegation degree of described developer is less than 55.

13. developing apparatuss according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that,

Described developer is magnetic developer.

14. 1 kinds of boxes, are detachably arranged at the main body of the image processing system carrying out image formation, it is characterized in that, described box has:

Developing apparatus described in claim 1 or 2; And

Picture supporting body, by utilizing described developer carrier to be supplied to developer, the electrostatic latent image being formed in surface is developed as developer picture.

15. 1 kinds of image processing systems, carry out image formation, it is characterized in that, have:

Developing apparatus described in claim 1 or 2; And

Picture supporting body, by utilizing described developer carrier to be supplied to magnetic developer, the electrostatic latent image being formed in surface is developed as developer picture.

16. image processing systems according to claim 15, is characterized in that,

Have transfer member, this transfer member is arranged with described picture supporting body with abutting, and is transferred to by described developer picture and is transferred material.

17. 1 kinds of handle boxes, is characterized in that possessing:

Picture supporting body;

In described picture supporting body with the abutting part of described contact electrification parts, compare described light except electric unit and be positioned at the below of vertical direction.

18. 1 kinds of handle boxes, is characterized in that possessing:

Picture supporting body;

19. handle boxes according to claim 17 or 18, is characterized in that,

Described contact electrification parts are driven into and move up in the side identical with described abutting part with the part that described abutting part abuts.

20. handle boxes according to claim 17 or 18, is characterized in that,

The peripheral speed on the surface of described contact electrification parts is faster than the peripheral speed on the surface of described picture supporting body.

21. handle boxes according to claim 17 or 18, is characterized in that,

Described developing apparatus possesses:

Developer carrier, at surperficial bearing developer;

Reception room, collecting developer; And

The relatively described opening of development abutting part that described limiting part in described developer carrier abuts is positioned at directly over vertical direction.

22. handle boxes according to claim 21, is characterized in that,

23. handle boxes according to claim 21, is characterized in that,

The axle that described development abutting part compares the described conveyance member that can arrange rotatably is centrally located at the top of vertical direction.

24. handle boxes according to claim 21, is characterized in that,

25. handle boxes according to claim 17 or 18, is characterized in that,

The average circularity of described developer is more than 0.93.

26. handle boxes according to claim 17 or 18, is characterized in that,

The aggegation degree of described developer is less than 55.

27. 1 kinds of boxes are the boxes used together with developing apparatus, and described developing apparatus, by after being formed at and being transferred to as the developer picture on supporting body and being transferred material, reclaims the developer remained on described picture supporting body, it is characterized in that,

Described box possesses:

28. 1 kinds of boxes are the boxes used together with developing apparatus, and described developing apparatus, by after being formed at and being transferred to as the developer picture on supporting body and being transferred material, reclaims the developer remained on described picture supporting body, it is characterized in that,

Described box possesses:

29. boxes according to claim 27 or 28, is characterized in that,

Be driven into the described part as supporting body abutted with described abutting part to move up in the side identical with described abutting part.

30. boxes according to claim 27 or 28, is characterized in that,

31. 1 kinds of image processing systems, is characterized in that,

The handle box described in claim 17 or 18 is detachably possessed for apparatus main body.

32. 1 kinds of image processing systems, is characterized in that possessing:

Picture supporting body;

Box described in claim 27 or 28, can load and unload for apparatus main body; And

33. image processing systems according to claim 32, is characterized in that,

Described developing apparatus possesses:

Developer carrier, at surperficial bearing developer;

Reception room, collecting developer; And

34. image processing systems according to claim 33, is characterized in that,

35. image processing systems according to claim 33, is characterized in that,

36. image processing systems according to claim 33, is characterized in that,

37. image processing systems according to claim 33, is characterized in that,

The average circularity of described developer is more than 0.93.

38. image processing systems according to claim 33, is characterized in that,

The aggegation degree of described developer is less than 55.