CN104817355A - High-energy thermal fertilizer - Google Patents
High-energy thermal fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN104817355A CN104817355A CN201510193371.0A CN201510193371A CN104817355A CN 104817355 A CN104817355 A CN 104817355A CN 201510193371 A CN201510193371 A CN 201510193371A CN 104817355 A CN104817355 A CN 104817355A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-energy thermal fertilizer. The high-energy thermal fertilizer is composed of, by weight percentage, 16.4-73% of a first element, 20-80% of a second element and 0.3-10% of a third element, wherein the first element is urea and/or potassium nitrate; the second element is one or more of anhydrous calcium nitrate, anhydrous calcium chloride, anhydrous magnesium chloride and anhydrous magnesium sulfate; the third element is one or more of iron, zinc, manganese and copper in a chelating state; the anhydrous magnesium sulfate is not applied together with the anhydrous calcium nitrate and the anhydrous calcium chloride. The high-energy thermal fertilizer can release large amounts of heat when dissolved in water, so that heat released when the high-energy thermal fertilizer is dissolved in water can be higher than absorbed heat and further warming effects can be generated. Therefore, the high-energy thermal fertilizer is particularly applicable to the cultivation environments of greenhouses and can increase the soil temperature and the indoor environmental temperature, promote rapid growth of plants, ensure marketing in advance and improve the economic benefits.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of fertilizers, relate to and improve water temperature thus the high energy hot manure of the raising soil moisture and envrionment temperature by exothermic dissolution effect.
Background technology
Plastic greenhouse can make full use of sun power, has certain insulation effect, and regulates the temperature and humidity in canopy within the specific limits by volume film.Plastic greenhouse is at northern area: mainly play the insulation cultivation effect that the spring is done sth. in advance, the autumn is delayed, spring can do sth. in advance 30 ~ 50 days, and autumn can delay 20 ~ 25 days, can not carry out overwintering cultivation.In southern area: except winter-spring season is used for vegetables, the insulation of flowers and overwintering cultivation (leaf vegetables), also replaceable one-tenth sunshade, lowers the temperature and rainproof, windproof, hail suppression etc. for shading of summer and autumn.Not heating in the general indoor of plastic greenhouse, gathers heat by Greenhouse effect.Its minimum temperature is generally high than external temperature 1 ~ 2 DEG C, and medial temperature is high more than 3 ~ 10 DEG C.
Heliogreenhouse is the facility utilizing culture, by the technique means that can regulate and control, implements highly efficient and productive modern agricultural production mode.It is change plant-growth outside atmosphere, for growth and development of plants create top condition, avoid extraneous Four seasons change and atrocious weather to its place had an impact of growing.
The nineties in 20th century is the fast-developing period of China's booth, greenhouse engineering.Over 20 years, the facilities horticulture cultivated area of China has broken through 2,100,000 hm2, and increased nearly 300 times compared with 1980, the total area reaches the first in the world, becomes vegetable protecting field production area maximum in the world, 20% providing thus of year pre-capita consumption vegetables amount.
China develops and applies more mainly plastic greenhouse, heliogreenhouse and attached-greenhouse, also has a small amount of advanced intelligent greenhouse.Wherein, energy-saving heliogreenhouse, common heliogreenhouse and plastic greenhouse are with fastest developing speed.Sunshine is booth, the topmost energy origin in greenhouse.Power consumption of heating is the major obstacle of greenhouse winter operation.
A farmer's proverb is had to say right, " have and receive without being received in water, receive many receipts and be fertilizer less ".Along with agrotechnical high speed development, in agriculture production, the input of fertilizer is more and more higher, and farm crop per mu yield is also in growth.Along with the development of the Integration of Water into Fertilizer, water-soluble fertilizer has become the principal item in booth, greenhouse production pattern.Water soluble fertilizer, easy to use, can with sprinkling irrigation, drip irrigation be combined, and can spray, rush and execute, at raising utilization rate of fertilizer, save agricultural water, reduce ecological environmental pollution, improve crop quality and reduce in labor force etc. and play an important role.
But, the water-soluble fertilizer of domestic water-soluble fertilizer in the market and external import, substantially with urea, ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, monoammonium phosphate, potassium primary phosphate, saltpetre, four water-calcium nitrate, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, four water manganous sulfates, cupric sulfate pentahydrate, Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrate, iron vitriol etc. for raw material production, minority enterprise employs chelated microelements.All there is a common feature in these raw materials, absorbs a large amount of heats time water-soluble exactly, makes dissolved water or water the temperature of pouring water significantly to decline, and the more water temperature drop of consumption are larger.This is this in booth, greenhouse, and to need to improve in the planting environment of the soil moisture and indoor environment temperature be especially an extremely discordant note.Especially irrigation water self-temperature is with regard to when low, will aggravate to cause the soil moisture and envrionment temperature to decline, make the root system environment deterioration of booth, greenhouse production crop, having a strong impact on the vigor of root system development and absorption nutrient, is a totally unfavorable impact on listing and the high-yield culturing ahead of time of crop.
Therefore, in order to adapt to the demand of booth, greenhouse production, better for better control environment is created in plant growth, promote plant growth, listing, increases economic efficiency, at present in the urgent need to a kind of high energy hot manure that can improve temperature ahead of time.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of high energy hot manure.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of high energy hot manure, can improve soil and envrionment temperature, be made up of following raw materials by weight: the first element 16.4 ~ 73%, second element 20 ~ 80%, element 0.3 ~ 10%;
First element is urea and/or saltpetre;
Second element is one or more in anhydrous nitric acid calcium, Calcium Chloride Powder Anhydrous, Magnesium Chloride Anhydrous, anhydrous magnesium sulfate;
Element is one or more in the iron of Chelating state, zinc, manganese, copper.
Because anhydrous nitric acid calcium Heat of fusion is lower, general and Calcium Chloride Powder Anhydrous, Magnesium Chloride Anhydrous with the use of; Due to sulfate radical easily and calcium ion react to be formed and precipitate, therefore anhydrous magnesium sulfate does not use with anhydrous nitric acid calcium, Calcium Chloride Powder Anhydrous simultaneously.
Release a large amount of heat when above-mentioned high energy hot manure is water-soluble, overall thermal discharge is greater than 30kcal/kg.
With regard to the heat effect of the raw materials used dissolution process of the present invention, in first element, the solution heat of urea (solution heat-3.47kcal/mol), saltpetre (solution heat-8.28kcal/mol) is negative value, show as dissolving and heat absorbing effect time water-soluble, diammonium phosphate is the composition of a kind of heat absorption and exothermic equilibrium.
In second element the solution heat of anhydrous nitric acid calcium (solution heat 4.1kcal/mol), Calcium Chloride Powder Anhydrous (solution heat 19.55kcal/mol), Magnesium Chloride Anhydrous (solution heat 37.23kcal/mol), anhydrous magnesium sulfate (solution heat 21.1kcal/mol) be on the occasion of, exothermic dissolution effect is shown as time water-soluble, therefore namely the second element is the nutrient that crop needs, and is again main body exothermic material of the present invention.
Element amount ratio is less, and solution heat is very little, can not consider.
By above-mentioned raw materials proportion design, it is total exothermic effect that total heat of solution of the present invention is greater than when always absorbing heat, and in order to reach an obvious effect, total thermal discharge that the present invention controls product by the optimum combination of component is greater than 30kcal/kg.Therefore the present invention is a kind of fertilizer that can improve applying fertilizer ambient temperature.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The present invention utilizes the dissolve thermal effect of fertilizer, makes water-soluble rear liberated heat be greater than the heat of absorption, thus produces intensification effect.
The present invention can substitute all kinds of water-soluble fertilizers in the market completely, is specially adapted to the planting environment in booth, greenhouse, can improves the soil moisture and indoor environment temperature, impel crop to grow fast, go on the market in advance, increase economic efficiency.
Embodiment
In following bracket, numerical value is the dissolving calorific value of this raw material.
Embodiment 1
A kind of high energy hot manure, be made up of following raw materials by weight: urea (-3.47kcal/mol) 1.2%, saltpetre (-8.28kcal/mol) 15.2%, anhydrous nitric acid calcium (4.1kcal/mol) 65.0%, Magnesium Chloride Anhydrous (37.23kcal/mol) 15.0%, EDTA zinc 3.6%, this product is nitrogenous 13%, potassium 7%, calcium 13.8%, magnesium 2.4%, zinc 0.87%, the total thermal discharge 36.57kcal/kg of product.Raw material passes through pulverizing, metering, mixing, weighs, packs, can obtain this high energy hot manure.
This high energy hot manure thermal discharge is calculated as follows:
Total thermal discharge=1.2%* (-3.47*1000/60.1)+15.2%* (-8.28%*1000/101.1)
+65％*(4.1*1000/164.1)+15％*(37.23*1000/95.2)＝61.75kcal/kg
Embodiment 2
A kind of high energy hot manure, be made up of following raw materials by weight: urea (-3.47kcal/mol) 26.7%, saltpetre (-8.28kcal/mol) 13.0%, Calcium Chloride Powder Anhydrous (19.56kcal/mol) 60.0%, EDTA copper 0.3%, this product is nitrogenous 14%, potassium 6%, calcium 20.4%, copper 0.04%, the total thermal discharge 79.72kcal/kg of product.Raw material passes through pulverizing, metering, mixing, weighs, packs, can obtain this high energy hot manure.
Total thermal discharge=26.7%* (-3.47*1000/60.1)+13%* (-8.28*1000/101.1)
+60％*(19.56*1000/111)＝79.72kcal/kg
Embodiment 3
A kind of high energy hot manure, be made up of following raw materials by weight: urea (-3.47kcal/mol) 21.0%, saltpetre (-8.28kcal/mol) 17.4%, anhydrous magnesium sulfate (21.1kcal/mol) 60.0%, EDTA manganese 1.6%, this product is nitrogenous 12%, potassium 8%, magnesium 11.4%, sulphur 15%, manganese 0.2%, the total thermal discharge 78.77kcal/kg of product.Raw material passes through pulverizing, metering, mixing, weighs, packs, can obtain this high energy hot manure.
Total thermal discharge=21%* (-3.47*1000/60.1)+17.4%* (-8.28*1000/101.1)
+60％*(21.1*1000/111)＝78.77kcal/kg
Embodiment 4
A kind of high energy hot manure, be made up of following raw materials by weight: urea (-3.47kcal/mol) 15.4%, saltpetre (-8.28kcal/mol) 21.7%, Magnesium Chloride Anhydrous (37.23kcal/mol) 60.0%, EDDHA iron 2.9%, this product is nitrogenous 10%, potassium 10%, magnesium 14.4%, iron 0.17%, the total thermal discharge 207.94kcal/kg of product.Raw material passes through pulverizing, metering, mixing, weighs, packs, can obtain this high energy hot manure.
Total thermal discharge=15.4%* (-3.47*1000/60.1)+21.7%* (-8.28*1000/101.1)
+60％*(37.23*1000/95.21)＝207.94kcal/kg
Embodiment 5
A kind of high energy hot manure, be made up of following raw materials by weight: urea (-3.47kcal/mol) 62.1%, saltpetre (-8.28kcal/mol) 10.9%, Magnesium Chloride Anhydrous (37.23kcal/mol) 20.0%, EDDHA iron 5.0%, EDTA zinc 2.0%, this product is nitrogenous 30%, potassium 5%, magnesium 4.8%, iron 0.3%, zinc 0.3%, the total thermal discharge 33.47kcal/kg of product.Raw material passes through pulverizing, metering, mixing, weighs, packs, can obtain this high energy hot manure.
Total thermal discharge=62.1%* (-3.47*1000/60.1)+10.9%* (-8.28%*1000/101.1)
+36.3％*(37.23*1000/95.2)＝33.47kcal/kg
Embodiment 6
A kind of high energy hot manure, be made up of following raw materials by weight: urea (-3.47kcal/mol) 2.6%, saltpetre (-8.28kcal/mol) 65.2%, Magnesium Chloride Anhydrous (37.23kcal/mol) 22.2%, EDTA manganese 6.0%, EDTA copper 4.0%, this product is nitrogenous 10%, potassium 30%, magnesium 5.33%, manganese 0.75%, copper 0.58%, the total thermal discharge 31.89kcal/kg of product.Raw material passes through pulverizing, metering, mixing, weighs, packs, can obtain this high energy hot manure.
Total thermal discharge=2.6%* (-3.47*1000/60.1)+65.2%* (-8.28%*1000/101.1)
+22.2％*(37.23*1000/95.2)＝31.89kcal/kg
Embodiment 7
A kind of high energy hot manure, be made up of following raw materials by weight: urea (-3.47kcal/mol) 5.2%, saltpetre (-8.28kcal/mol) 32.6%, anhydrous nitric acid calcium (4.1kcal/mol) 20.0%, Magnesium Chloride Anhydrous (37.23kcal/mol) 35.0%, EDDHA iron 7.2%, this product is nitrogenous 10%, potassium 15%, calcium 4.6%, magnesium 8.4%, iron 0.43%, the total thermal discharge 112.14kcal/kg of product.Raw material passes through pulverizing, metering, mixing, weighs, packs, can obtain this high energy hot manure.
Total thermal discharge=5.2%* (-3.47*1000/60.1)+32.6%* (-8.28%*1000/101.1)
+20％*(4.1*1000/164.1)+35％*(37.23*1000/95.2)＝112.14kcal/kg
Embodiment 8
A kind of high energy hot manure, be made up of following raw materials by weight: urea (-3.47kcal/mol) 30.4%, saltpetre (-8.28kcal/mol) 32.6%, anhydrous nitric acid calcium (4.1kcal/mol) 10.0%, Magnesium Chloride Anhydrous (37.23kcal/mol) 20.0%, EDDHA iron 4.0%, EDTA copper 3.0%, this product is nitrogenous 20%, potassium 15%, calcium 2.3%, magnesium 4.8%, iron 0.24%, copper 0.44%, the total thermal discharge 36.42kcal/kg of product.Raw material passes through pulverizing, metering, mixing, weighs, packs, can obtain this high energy hot manure.
Total thermal discharge=30.4%* (-3.47*1000/60.1)+32.6%* (-8.28%*1000/101.1)
+10％*(4.1*1000/164.1)+20％*(37.23*1000/95.2)＝36.42kcal/kg
Embodiment 9
A kind of high energy hot manure, be made up of following raw materials by weight: urea (-3.47kcal/mol) 48.0%, saltpetre (-8.28kcal/mol) 21.7%, Calcium Chloride Powder Anhydrous (19.56kcal/mol) 13.0%, Magnesium Chloride Anhydrous (37.23kcal/mol) 15.0%, EDTA manganese 2.3%, this product is nitrogenous 25%, potassium 10%, calcium 4.4%, magnesium 3.6%, manganese 0.29%, the total thermal discharge 36.05kcal/kg of product.Raw material passes through pulverizing, metering, mixing, weighs, packs, can obtain this high energy hot manure.
Total thermal discharge=48%* (-3.47*1000/60.1)+21.7%* (-8.28%*1000/101.1)
+13％*(19.56*1000/111)+15％*(37.23*1000/95.2)＝36.05kcal/kg
Embodiment 10
A kind of high energy hot manure, be made up of following raw materials by weight: urea (-3.47kcal/mol) 16.7%, saltpetre (-8.28kcal/mol) 54.3%, Magnesium Chloride Anhydrous (37.23kcal/mol) 20.0%, anhydrous magnesium sulfate (21.1kcal/mol) 7.0%, EDTA zinc 2.0%, this product is nitrogenous 15%, potassium 25%, magnesium 6.1%, sulphur 1.5%, zinc 0.29%, the total thermal discharge 36.34kcal/kg of product.Raw material passes through pulverizing, metering, mixing, weighs, packs, can obtain this high energy hot manure.
Total thermal discharge=16.7%* (-3.47*1000/60.1)+54.3%* (-8.28%*1000/101.1)
+20％*(37.23*1000/95.2)+7％*(21.1*1000/120.4)＝36.34kcal/kg
Embodiment 11
A kind of high energy hot manure, be made up of following raw materials by weight: urea (-3.47kcal/mol) 2.3%, saltpetre (-8.28kcal/mol) 54.3%, anhydrous nitric acid calcium (4.1kcal/mol) 10.0%, Calcium Chloride Powder Anhydrous (19.56kcal/mol) 16.4%, Magnesium Chloride Anhydrous (37.23kcal/mol) 15.0%, EDTA zinc 1.9%, this product is nitrogenous 10%, potassium 25%, calcium 7.9%, magnesium 3.6%, zinc 0.15%, the total thermal discharge 44.21kcal/kg of product.Raw material passes through pulverizing, metering, mixing, weighs, packs, can obtain this high energy hot manure.
Total thermal discharge=2.3%* (-3.47*1000/60.1)+54.3%* (-8.28%*1000/101.1)
+10％*(4.1*1000/164.1)+16.4％*(19.56*1000/111)
+15％*(37.23*1000/95.2)＝44.21kcal/kg
Embodiment 12
A kind of high energy hot manure, be made up of following raw materials by weight: urea (-3.47kcal/mol) 23.0%, saltpetre (-8.28kcal/mol) 32.6%, Magnesium Chloride Anhydrous (37.23kcal/mol) 15.0%, anhydrous magnesium sulfate (21.1kcal/mol) 9.4%, EDTA manganese 8.0%, EDTA zinc 6.0%, EDDHA iron 4.0%, EDTA copper 2.0%, this product is nitrogenous 15%, potassium 15%, magnesium 5.4%, sulphur 2.3%, manganese 1.0%, zinc 0.87%, iron 0.24%, copper 0.29, the total thermal discharge 35.12kcal/kg of product.Raw material passes through pulverizing, metering, mixing, weighs, packs, can obtain this high energy hot manure.
Total thermal discharge=23%* (-3.47*1000/60.1)+32.6%* (-8.28%*1000/101.1)
+15％*(37.23*1000/95.2)+9.4％*(21.1*1000/120.4)＝35.12kcal/kg
Above-described embodiment of the present invention, does not form limiting the scope of the present invention.Any amendment done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, equivalent replacement and improvement etc., all should be included within claims of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a high energy hot manure, is characterized in that being made up of following raw materials by weight: the first element 16.4 ~ 73%, second element 20 ~ 80%, element 0.3 ~ 10%;
Described first element is urea and/or saltpetre;
Described second element is one or more in anhydrous nitric acid calcium, Calcium Chloride Powder Anhydrous, Magnesium Chloride Anhydrous, anhydrous magnesium sulfate;
Described element is one or more in the iron of Chelating state, zinc, manganese, copper.
2. high energy hot manure according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described anhydrous magnesium sulfate does not use with anhydrous nitric acid calcium, Calcium Chloride Powder Anhydrous simultaneously.
3. high energy hot manure according to claim 1, is characterized in that: release a large amount of heat when described high energy hot manure is water-soluble, overall thermal discharge is greater than 30kcal/kg.
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| CN201510193371.0A CN104817355A (en) | 2015-04-22 | 2015-04-22 | High-energy thermal fertilizer |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510193371.0A CN104817355A (en) | 2015-04-22 | 2015-04-22 | High-energy thermal fertilizer |
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| CN104817355A true CN104817355A (en) | 2015-08-05 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112457119A (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2021-03-09 | 沃圃生（北京）农业科技有限公司 | Special fertilizer for soilless culture of watermelon and muskmelon and preparation method thereof |
| CN112479778A (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2021-03-12 | 沃圃生（北京）农业科技有限公司 | Special fertilizer for soilless culture of leaf vegetables and preparation method thereof |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5950087A (en) * | 1982-09-16 | 1984-03-22 | 福地 盛一 | Livestock excrements treatment and device |
| CN101370751A (en) * | 2006-01-13 | 2009-02-18 | 霍尼韦尔国际公司 | Compositions comprising ammonium nitrate double salts |
| US20100186471A1 (en) * | 2009-01-28 | 2010-07-29 | Smg Brands, Inc. | Fast dissolving water-soluble fertilizer formulations and methods and uses thereof |
| CN103708964A (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2014-04-09 | 成都新柯力化工科技有限公司 | Instant chelated solid water-soluble fertilizer |
-
2015
- 2015-04-22 CN CN201510193371.0A patent/CN104817355A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5950087A (en) * | 1982-09-16 | 1984-03-22 | 福地 盛一 | Livestock excrements treatment and device |
| CN101370751A (en) * | 2006-01-13 | 2009-02-18 | 霍尼韦尔国际公司 | Compositions comprising ammonium nitrate double salts |
| US20100186471A1 (en) * | 2009-01-28 | 2010-07-29 | Smg Brands, Inc. | Fast dissolving water-soluble fertilizer formulations and methods and uses thereof |
| CN103708964A (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2014-04-09 | 成都新柯力化工科技有限公司 | Instant chelated solid water-soluble fertilizer |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112457119A (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2021-03-09 | 沃圃生（北京）农业科技有限公司 | Special fertilizer for soilless culture of watermelon and muskmelon and preparation method thereof |
| CN112479778A (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2021-03-12 | 沃圃生（北京）农业科技有限公司 | Special fertilizer for soilless culture of leaf vegetables and preparation method thereof |
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