CN104794286A - Track construction and movement calculation method for simulating real roller coaster scenario - Google Patents
Track construction and movement calculation method for simulating real roller coaster scenario Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a track construction and movement calculation method for simulating a real roller coaster scenario. The method comprises the steps that a constructed three-dimensional curve is taken as a roller coaster route, a route closed curve and a track closed curve which are overlapped with the roller coaster route are constructed respectively, mapping is conducted on the track closed curve to form a roller coaster track; at last, the movement calculation is conducted to calculate the acceleration and the speed of a roller coaster in real time, and the roller coaster can move on the roller coaster track. By means of the track construction and movement calculation method for simulating the real roller coaster scenario, rich and varied roller coaster experience scenarios can be formed, different experience requirements of a user are met, exciting experience with long distance, variety, immersion and thrilling tracks are achieved, the reliability is high, and stronger technological innovation and advancement are achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of structure and disposal route of virtual reality, particularly relate to a kind of track for virtual reality roller-coaster scene and build and movement calculation method.
Background technology
The computer realm new technology that virtual reality (Virtual Reality:VR) technology is the multiple science and technology such as a kind of all round computer graph technology, multimedia technology, sensor technology, human-computer interaction technology, network technology, stereo display technique and emulation technology and grows up.Virtual reality technology produces a three-dimensional virtual world by utilizing computer simulation, user is provided to comprise the analogue simulation of the sensory experience such as vision, the sense of hearing, sense of touch, allow user as on the spot in person, the things in three dimensions can be observed in real time, initiatively, without restriction.
As the important component part of virtual reality technology, in related application field, the demand of the technology of building of virtual reality scenario is day by day urgent.And roller-coaster is as the classic applications scene of virtual reality technology, the calculating of the design of its running route, the effect of track pinup picture and movement velocity determines user to a great extent to the experience of virtual reality roller-coaster and impression.Technical sophistication built by the track of existing virtual reality roller-coaster scene, and be difficult to amendment after having designed, the calculating of movement velocity does not meet the physics law of real world, causes the feeling of immersion of user lower, experiences poor.
Summary of the invention
The limitation of technology is built for existing virtual reality roller-coaster scene track, a kind of track for virtual reality roller-coaster scene is the object of the present invention is to provide to build and movement calculation method, with the physics law SimCoaster motion in orbit in real world, thus bring user stronger feeling of immersion.
The present invention is for realizing above-mentioned functions, and the technical scheme of employing comprises the following steps:
1) using a three-dimensional curve built as roller-coaster route, and then build the route closed curve and track closed curve that coincide with roller-coaster route respectively, and on track closed curve, carry out pinup picture form roller coaster track;
2) finally carry out motion calculation, according to acceleration and the speed of the real-time calculated roller coaster of physical rules in the real worlds such as gravity, friction force and centripetal force, roller-coaster is moved on roller coaster track.
Described step 1) in route closed curve and track closed curve be Bezier.
Described step 1) in route closed curve set up in the following ways:
1) adopt the Curvy inserter tool in Unity 3D, the newly-built critical control point in place that roller-coaster route curvature is large in existing roller-coaster scene, curvature refers to that greatly roller-coaster is obvious at this place's attitudes vibration, and curvature refers to that greatly radius-of-curvature is less than 20m;
2) each critical control point is connected successively, and first critical control point and last critical control point are set to close, form closed curve;
3) connected mode between each for above-mentioned closed curve critical control point is set to Bezier connect, and adjust the position of each critical control point, normal direction and slope, this closed curve is matched with the three-dimensional curve built, forms route closed curve.
Described step 1) in track closed curve to set up in the following ways and pinup picture:
1) the Spline Blend inserter tool in Unity 3D is adopted, the newly-built curve gauge point in the place that roller-coaster route curvature is large in existing roller-coaster scene, the position adjusting each curve gauge point makes it identical with the critical control point position on corresponding route closed curve, actual namely identical with the building mode of the critical control point of route closed curve, be the newly-built curve gauge point in each critical control point place at roller-coaster route closed curve, the position adjusting each curve gauge point makes it identical with the critical control point position on corresponding route closed curve;
2) each curve gauge point is connected successively, and first curve gauge point and last curve gauge point are set to closed formation closed curve, the connected mode arranged between each curve gauge point is Bezier, form a track closed curve overlapped completely with roller-coaster route, track closed curve is identical with route closed curve;
3) the track picture drawn is carried out track pinup picture along track closed curve, obtain roller coaster track.
Described step 2) specifically carry out motion calculation in the following ways:
1) roller-coaster moves on roller coaster track, the acceleration by following formulae discovery roller-coaster optional position point in orbit:
Wherein, a
tractionfor the traction acceleration that power system when roller-coaster starts provides, equal zero during free-running operation after power is removed, g is local gravitational acceleration, θ is the angle between roller-coaster place orbital position point place's curve near tangent and surface level, f is the kinetic friction coefficient between track and roller-coaster, v is the speed at orbital position point place, roller-coaster place, and r is the radius-of-curvature at orbital position point place, roller-coaster place;
2) by the speed of following formulae discovery roller-coaster optional position point in orbit:
=v
0+a
0Δt (2)
Wherein, v
0for roller-coaster speed at location point place on the track of place when scene animation previous frame, a
0for roller-coaster acceleration at location point place on the track of place when scene animation previous frame, Δ t is the interval time between scene animation consecutive frame.
Described roller-coaster place orbital position point place's curve near tangent and the angle theta value of surface level be in the following ways: when going up a slope, θ-90 spends ~ 0 degree, and when descending, θ is 0 degree ~ 90 degree.
Described roller-coaster is that upward slope or the state of descending judge according to the scene z-axis changes in coordinates of roller-coaster at scene animation present frame location point and previous frame location point, and z-axis coordinate increases expression upward slope state, and z-axis coordinate reduces to represent descending state.
Just be when the radius-of-curvature of described orbital position point place, roller-coaster place curve points to scene z-axis positive dirction, is negative during sensing scene z-axis negative direction.
Described roller-coaster place orbital position point is the point that roller-coaster barycenter is positioned on route closed curve.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, the present invention can complete the building of virtual reality roller-coaster scene route and track, simple and feasible efficiently, and can modify to result easily, reduces the workload of relevant staff.
2, the present invention can complete the high-quality pinup picture of virtual reality roller-coaster scene track rapidly, provides meticulousr and real virtual reality scenario.
3, the present invention can carry out roller-coaster movement velocity calculating in orbit according to the physics law of real world, thus brings user stronger feeling of immersion.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram building three-dimensional curve as roller-coaster route in embodiment.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of roller-coaster route closed curve in embodiment.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of embodiment roller coaster track closed curve.
Fig. 4 is the track pinup picture that embodiment adopts.
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram that in embodiment, roller-coaster is positioned at certain 1 X on track closed curve.
Fig. 6 is the whole virtual reality roller-coaster scene schematic diagram that embodiment is formed based on isolated island castle scene.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and the specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiments of the invention are as follows:
1) first roller-coaster highway route design is carried out, in the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, a three-dimensional curve is built as roller-coaster route (for Bezier), for controlling roller-coaster position and attitude according to existing virtual reality scenario and demand for experience.
Set up the route closed curve coincided with roller-coaster route in the following ways: in the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 2, adopt the Curvy inserter tool in Unity 3D, the place newly-built critical control point (ball gauge point route closed curve as shown in Figure 2 on) large as curvature on the three-dimensional curve of roller-coaster route built successively, wherein, curvature refers to that greatly roller-coaster is obvious at this place's attitudes vibration, and the radius-of-curvature of curve is less than 20m; First critical control point and last critical control point are set to close, make it to become a closed curve; Curve connected mode between each critical control point is set to Bezier, and adjusts the position of each critical control point, normal direction and slope, curve is moved towards and degree of crook and the three-dimensional curve as roller-coaster route that built match.
2) build a track closed curve coincided with roller-coaster route in the following ways again, carry out roller coaster track pinup picture:
In the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 3, adopt the Spline Blend inserter tool in Unity 3D, at the newly-built curve gauge point in each critical control point place (the cube gauge point namely on the closed curve of track shown in Fig. 3) of roller-coaster route closed curve, the position adjusting each curve gauge point makes it identical with the critical control point position on corresponding route closed curve; The connected mode arranged between each curve gauge point is Bezier, forms a closed curve overlapped completely with roller-coaster route; Adopt drawn track pinup picture unit (as shown in Figure 4) to carry out track pinup picture along this curve, obtain roller coaster track.
3) finally carry out motion calculation, according to acceleration and the speed of the real-time calculated roller coaster of physical rules in the real worlds such as gravity, friction force and centripetal force, roller-coaster is moved on roller coaster track.
3.1) moving on rails that building of roller-coaster, in the present embodiment, the acceleration by following formulae discovery roller-coaster optional position point in orbit:
Wherein, a
tractionfor the traction acceleration 10m/s that power system when roller-coaster starts provides
2, equal zero during free-running operation after power is removed, g is local gravitational acceleration 9.8m/s
2, θ is the angle between roller-coaster place orbital position point place's curve near tangent and surface level, the speed at f to be kinetic friction coefficient 0.2, v between track and roller-coaster be orbital position point place, roller-coaster place, and r is the radius-of-curvature at orbital position point place, roller-coaster place;
The angle theta value regulation of roller-coaster place orbital position point place's curve near tangent and surface level is, being-90 degree ~ 0 degree when going up a slope, is 0 degree ~ 90 degree when descending.Roller-coaster is that upward slope or the state of descending judge according to the scene z-axis changes in coordinates of roller-coaster at scene animation present frame location point and previous frame location point, and the increase of z-axis coordinate is upward slope, and z-axis coordinate reduces to be descending.
Just be when the radius-of-curvature r of orbital position point place, roller-coaster place curve points to scene z-axis positive dirction, is negative during sensing scene z-axis negative direction.In the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 5, for roller-coaster in an acceleration calculation at X place, roller-coaster is in a dynamic traveling of X place upward slope, the angle theta of some X place curve near tangent and surface level is 60 degree, the radius-of-curvature of some X place curve is infinitely great, and it is 0.53m/s that substitution formula (1) calculates roller-coaster at an acceleration at X place
2.
3.2) in the present embodiment, by speed that following formulae discovery roller-coaster is put at an arbitrary position:
v=v
0+a
0Δt (2)
Wherein, v
0for roller-coaster speed at location point place on the track of place when scene animation previous frame, a
0for roller-coaster acceleration at location point place on the track of place when scene animation previous frame, Δ t is 0.04s interval time between scene animation consecutive frame.
In the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 5, be calculated as example with the speed of roller-coaster location point on the next frame animation place track of an X, roller-coaster is 0.53m/s at an acceleration at X place
2, the speed at roller-coaster point X place is v
x(wherein, v
xlearnt by the speed of roller-coaster location point on the previous frame animation place track of an X and acceleration calculation), substitute into formula (2) and calculate the speed of roller-coaster location point on the next frame animation place track of an X for (v
x+ 0.0212) m/s.
In conjunction with existing virtual reality scenario, scene experienced by the virtual reality roller-coaster finally obtained as shown in Figure 6, visible roller coaster track closed curve in figure, white ball is the critical control point of roller-coaster route closed curve, when roller-coaster moves in orbit, according to the updated roller coaster of movement calculation method position in orbit.
Thus, the present invention completes the building of virtual reality roller-coaster scene route and track efficiently, and simple and feasible can be revised easily, compares existing method and decreases workload; And provide meticulousr and real virtual reality track and real movement velocity to calculate, there is outstanding significant effect.
Claims (9)
1. the track for virtual reality roller-coaster scene builds and a movement calculation method, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
1) using a three-dimensional curve built as roller-coaster route, and then build the route closed curve and track closed curve that coincide with roller-coaster route respectively, and on track closed curve, carry out pinup picture form roller coaster track;
2) finally carry out motion calculation, the acceleration of real-time calculated roller coaster and speed, make roller-coaster move on roller coaster track.
2. a kind of track for virtual reality roller-coaster scene according to claim 1 builds and movement calculation method, it is characterized in that: described step 1) in route closed curve and track closed curve be Bezier.
3. a kind of track for virtual reality roller-coaster scene according to claim 2 builds and movement calculation method, it is characterized in that: described step 1) in route closed curve set up in the following ways:
1) adopt the Curvy inserter tool in Unity 3D, the newly-built critical control point in place that roller-coaster route curvature is large in existing roller-coaster scene, curvature refers to that greatly radius-of-curvature is less than 20m;
2) each critical control point is connected successively, and first critical control point and last critical control point are set to close, form closed curve;
3) connected mode between each for above-mentioned closed curve critical control point is set to Bezier connect, and adjust the position of each critical control point, normal direction and slope, this closed curve is matched with the three-dimensional curve built, forms route closed curve.
4. a kind of track for virtual reality roller-coaster scene according to claim 1 builds and movement calculation method, it is characterized in that: described step 1) in track closed curve set up in the following ways and pinup picture:
1) adopt the Spline Blend inserter tool in Unity 3D, the newly-built curve gauge point in the place that roller-coaster route curvature is large in existing roller-coaster scene, curvature refers to that greatly radius-of-curvature is less than 20m;
2) connected mode arranged between each curve gauge point is Bezier, forms a track closed curve overlapped completely with roller-coaster route;
3) the track picture drawn is carried out track pinup picture along track closed curve, obtain roller coaster track.
5. a kind of track for virtual reality roller-coaster scene according to claim 1 builds and movement calculation method, it is characterized in that:
Described step 2) specifically carry out motion calculation in the following ways:
1) roller-coaster moves on roller coaster track, the acceleration by following formulae discovery roller-coaster optional position point in orbit:
Wherein, a
tractionfor the traction acceleration that power system when roller-coaster starts provides, equal zero during free-running operation after power is removed, g is local gravitational acceleration, θ is the angle between roller-coaster place orbital position point place's curve near tangent and surface level, f is the kinetic friction coefficient between track and roller-coaster, v is the speed at orbital position point place, roller-coaster place, and r is the radius-of-curvature at orbital position point place, roller-coaster place;
2) by the speed of following formulae discovery roller-coaster optional position point in orbit:
v=v
0+a
0Δt (2)
Wherein, v
0for roller-coaster speed at location point place on the track of place when scene animation previous frame, a
0for roller-coaster acceleration at location point place on the track of place when scene animation previous frame, Δ t is the interval time between scene animation consecutive frame.
6. a kind of track for virtual reality roller-coaster scene according to claim 5 builds and movement calculation method, it is characterized in that: described roller-coaster place orbital position point place's curve near tangent and the angle theta value of surface level in the following ways: when going up a slope, θ spends ~ 0 degree for-90, and when descending, θ is 0 degree ~ 90 degree.
7. a kind of track for virtual reality roller-coaster scene according to claim 6 builds and movement calculation method, it is characterized in that: described roller-coaster is that upward slope or the state of descending judge according to the scene z-axis changes in coordinates of roller-coaster at scene animation present frame location point and previous frame location point.
8. a kind of track for virtual reality roller-coaster scene according to claim 6 builds and movement calculation method, it is characterized in that: being just when the radius-of-curvature of described orbital position point place, roller-coaster place curve points to scene z-axis positive dirction, is negative during sensing scene z-axis negative direction.
9. build and movement calculation method according to the arbitrary described a kind of track for virtual reality roller-coaster scene of claim 5 ~ 8, it is characterized in that: described roller-coaster place orbital position point is the point that roller-coaster barycenter is positioned on route closed curve.
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CN106407506A (en) * | 2016-08-24 | 2017-02-15 | 中南大学 | Road three-dimensional linetype modeling method and system |
CN106512394A (en) * | 2016-12-01 | 2017-03-22 | 盛江 | Virtual reality roller coaster stimulating device |
CN106693290A (en) * | 2016-12-07 | 2017-05-24 | 浙江理工大学 | Spinning virtual-wandering system and virtual wandering achievement method |
CN107153460A (en) * | 2016-03-02 | 2017-09-12 | 韩国电子通信研究院 | Apparatus and method for providing interaction content based on rail coaster |
CN107704801A (en) * | 2017-08-18 | 2018-02-16 | 电子科技大学 | Curved lanes line detecting method based on segmented linear bonus point section Bezier |
CN108108027A (en) * | 2018-02-01 | 2018-06-01 | 福建蓝帽子互动娱乐科技股份有限公司 | Virtual reality method and system based on roller-coaster |
CN109238273A (en) * | 2018-11-16 | 2019-01-18 | 北京华航无线电测量研究所 | A kind of roller-coaster motion state monitoring method and device |
CN114742975A (en) * | 2022-06-10 | 2022-07-12 | 西南交通大学 | Vehicle-mounted image rail curve modeling method |
CN115292872A (en) * | 2022-05-30 | 2022-11-04 | 中国特种设备检测研究院 | Roller coaster track defect positioning method, system, medium and equipment |
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CN106407506A (en) * | 2016-08-24 | 2017-02-15 | 中南大学 | Road three-dimensional linetype modeling method and system |
CN106407506B (en) * | 2016-08-24 | 2019-08-27 | 中南大学 | A kind of road three-dimensional linear modeling method and system |
CN106512394A (en) * | 2016-12-01 | 2017-03-22 | 盛江 | Virtual reality roller coaster stimulating device |
CN106693290A (en) * | 2016-12-07 | 2017-05-24 | 浙江理工大学 | Spinning virtual-wandering system and virtual wandering achievement method |
CN106693290B (en) * | 2016-12-07 | 2019-02-15 | 浙江理工大学 | A kind of Spinning Virtual Wandering System and virtual roaming implementation method |
CN107704801B (en) * | 2017-08-18 | 2021-08-06 | 电子科技大学 | Curve lane line detection method based on segmented straight line and segmented Bezier curve |
CN107704801A (en) * | 2017-08-18 | 2018-02-16 | 电子科技大学 | Curved lanes line detecting method based on segmented linear bonus point section Bezier |
CN108108027A (en) * | 2018-02-01 | 2018-06-01 | 福建蓝帽子互动娱乐科技股份有限公司 | Virtual reality method and system based on roller-coaster |
CN109238273A (en) * | 2018-11-16 | 2019-01-18 | 北京华航无线电测量研究所 | A kind of roller-coaster motion state monitoring method and device |
CN109238273B (en) * | 2018-11-16 | 2021-07-02 | 北京华航无线电测量研究所 | Roller coaster motion state monitoring method and device |
CN115292872A (en) * | 2022-05-30 | 2022-11-04 | 中国特种设备检测研究院 | Roller coaster track defect positioning method, system, medium and equipment |
CN114742975A (en) * | 2022-06-10 | 2022-07-12 | 西南交通大学 | Vehicle-mounted image rail curve modeling method |
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