CN104788415A - 一种不对称合成4-硝基甲基-3-苄基-3,4-二氢香豆素衍生物的方法 - Google Patents

一种不对称合成4-硝基甲基-3-苄基-3,4-二氢香豆素衍生物的方法 Download PDF

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CN104788415A
CN104788415A CN201510167107.XA CN201510167107A CN104788415A CN 104788415 A CN104788415 A CN 104788415A CN 201510167107 A CN201510167107 A CN 201510167107A CN 104788415 A CN104788415 A CN 104788415A
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benzyl
derivative
melilotine
nitromethyla
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CN104788415B (zh
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王启发
程青芳
张金彪
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Huaihai Institute of Techology
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D311/00Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only hetero atom, condensed with other rings
    • C07D311/02Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only hetero atom, condensed with other rings ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
    • C07D311/04Benzo[b]pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring
    • C07D311/06Benzo[b]pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring with oxygen or sulfur atoms directly attached in position 2
    • C07D311/20Benzo[b]pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring with oxygen or sulfur atoms directly attached in position 2 hydrogenated in the hetero ring

Abstract

本发明公开了一种不对称合成4-硝基甲基-3-苄基-3,4-二氢香豆素衍生物的方法,该合成方法的反应式为:所述反应式中,R1和R2为芳环上的基团;催化剂为噁嗪并三氮唑四氟硼酸盐类物质;碱为碱金属的醋酸盐、碳酸盐、碳酸氢盐、有机胺。该方法丰富了手性二氢香豆素类化合物的种类,为具有两个手性中心的手性二氢香豆素衍生物的合成提供一种高效和立体选择性高的不对称合成方法。

Description

一种不对称合成4-硝基甲基-3-苄基-3,4-二氢香豆素衍生物的方法
技术领域
本发明属于有机合成技术领域,具体涉及一种不对称合成4-硝基甲基-3-苄基-3,4-二氢香豆素衍生物的方法。
背景技术
手性二氢香豆素类物质是一类广泛存在于自然界的具有重要生物活性的内酯类化合物,其生物活性多种多样,对人具有抗菌、抗凝血、抗肿瘤、抗HIV、抗炎等多种药理活性和作用;对植物具有在低浓度是生长素,在高浓度是生长抑制剂的双重活性;所以,广大化学工作者对其不对称手性控制合成方法不断进行研究,相继合成了多种手性二氢香豆素,但文献报道的手性二氢香豆素大都含有一个手性中心,且手性中心大都在C-4位置,对于含有两个手性中心的手性二氢香豆素文献报道的较少。
含硝基的化合物一般也是具有生物活性的化合物,且硝基很容易转化成氨基、酰胺基、卤素、羟基等基团,但含硝基的手性二氢香豆素的合成文献报道的也较少。
对于采用手性噁嗪并三氮唑四氟硼酸卡宾为催化剂,以2-卤代-3-芳基丙醛和α-羟基-2-硝基芳乙烯为原料一步不对称合成含两个手性中心且手性中心在C-3和C-4位置的4-硝基甲基-3-苄基-3,4-二氢香豆素衍生物未见文献报道。
发明内容
本发明提供一种不对称合成4-硝基甲基-3-苄基-3,4-二氢香豆素衍生物的方法,该方法得到的化合物在C-3和C-4位置含有两个手性中心。
本发明的技术方案概述如下:
将式(II)化合物2-卤代-3-芳基丙醛和式(III)化合物α-羟基-2-硝基芳乙烯在有机溶剂中,手性卡宾催化剂和碱作用下反应一定时间,后处理后即制得光学纯的式(I)化合物4-硝基甲基-3-苄基-3,4-二氢香豆素衍生物。
合成路线为: 
所述反应物和产物中,R1和R2为氢、C1~C6的烷基、卤素、C1~C4的卤代烷基、C1~C6的烷氧基、硝基等。
所述的催化剂为噁嗪并三氮唑四氟硼酸卡宾盐,是由氨基酸类物质衍生得到的,催化剂的结构为:
其中,R3和R4为C1~C4的烷基、C1~C4的卤代烷基、C1~C4的烷氧基、卤素等。
该噁嗪并三氮唑四氟硼酸卡宾催化效率高,其用量仅为式(II)化合物物质的量的5~10%。
所述的碱为碱金属的醋酸盐、碳酸盐或碳酸氢盐、有机胺等,且其与式(II)化合物的摩尔比为1.8~3∶1。
所述的溶剂为四氢呋喃、2-甲基四氢呋喃、甲苯、苯、二氯甲烷、二氯乙烷、乙腈、有机醚等常用有机溶剂。
该方法丰富了手性二氢香豆素类化合物的种类,为具有生物活性的手性二氢香豆素衍生物的合成提供一种高效和立体选择性高的不对称合成方法。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例,进一步说明本发明;应理解,这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。
实施例中所用的原料或试剂除特别说明之外,均为分析纯。
实施例1(3R,4R)-3-苄基-4-硝基甲基-3,4-二氢香豆素的合成
反应式为: 
在氮气保护下,将5mmol2-氯代-3-苯基丙醛和6mmolα-羟基-2-硝基苯乙烯、10mmol醋酸钠、0.3mmol催化剂加入严格干燥的反应瓶中,然后将绝对无水的5mL二氯甲烷注入反应瓶中,密封瓶塞,在0~5℃下反应4h,然后升温至室温并搅拌过夜,停止反应,过滤盐, 减压蒸去溶剂,得粗产物,粗产物通过硅胶柱分离提纯,得白色固体,收率88%。
将微量上述制得的化合物溶解在异丙醇-己烷(1∶9)溶剂中,采用手性液相色谱OD-H柱层析,测得此产物的的d∶r构型为95∶5,ee值为85%;1H NMR(400Hz,ppm):6.97-7.24(m,9H,ArH),4.53-4.79(m,2H,CH2),3.38-3.42(m,1H,CH),3.06-3.12(m,1H,CH),2.72-2.89(m,2H,CH2)。
实施例2(3R,4R)-3-(4-氯苄基)-7-氯-4-硝基甲基-3,4-二氢香豆素的合成
反应式为: 
在氮气保护下,将5mmol 2-氯代-3-(4-氯苯基)丙醛和6mmol 5-氯-2-(2-硝基乙烯基)苯酚、12mmol醋酸钾、0.4mmol催化剂加入严格干燥的反应瓶中,然后将绝对无水的5mL环戊基甲醚注入反应瓶中,密封瓶塞,在0~5℃下反应5h,然后升温至室温并搅拌过夜,停止反应,过滤盐,减压蒸去溶剂,得粗产物,粗产物通过硅胶柱分离提纯,得白色固体,收率83%。
将微量上述制得的化合物溶解在异丙醇-己烷(1∶9)溶剂中,采用手性液相色谱OD-H柱层析,测得此产物的d∶r构型为93∶7,ee值为89%;1HNMR(400Hz,ppm):7.27(d,J=7.2Hz,2H,ArH),6.93-7.16(m,5H,ArH),4.57-4.84(m,2H,CH2),3.32-3.45(m,1H,CH),3.04-3.10(m,1H,CH),2.64-2.83(m,2H,CH2)。

Claims (3)

1.一种不对称合成4-硝基甲基-3-苄基-3,4-二氢香豆素衍生物的方法,其特征在于该合成方法的反应式为:
所述反应式中,R1和R2为氢、C1~C6的烷基、卤素、C1~C4的卤代烷基、C1~C6的烷氧基、硝基。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种不对称合成4-硝基甲基-3-苄基-3,4-二氢香豆素衍生物的方法,其特征在于:所述的催化剂为噁嗪并三氮唑四氟硼酸卡宾盐,催化剂的结构为:
所述催化剂结构中,R3和R4为C1~C4的烷基、C1~C4的卤代烷基、C1~C4的烷氧基、卤素;其用量为式(II)化合物物质的量的5~10%。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种不对称合成4-硝基甲基-3-苄基-3,4-二氢香豆素衍生物的方法,其特征在于:所述的碱为碱金属的醋酸盐、碳酸盐、碳酸氢盐、有机胺,且其与式(II)化合物的摩尔比为1.8~3∶1。
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CN105906649A (zh) * 2016-05-12 2016-08-31 淮海工学院 一种不对称合成手性含5-羟基黄酮单元的螺环内酯类化合物的方法
CN110452205A (zh) * 2019-06-17 2019-11-15 天津农学院 一种构筑3-甲叉基-3,4-二氢香豆素骨架化合物的制备方法

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CRAIG D. CAMPBELL ET AL.: "Catalytic enantioselective Steglich rearrangements using chiral N-heterocyclic carbenes", 《TETRAHEDRON: ASYMMETRY》 *
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105906649A (zh) * 2016-05-12 2016-08-31 淮海工学院 一种不对称合成手性含5-羟基黄酮单元的螺环内酯类化合物的方法
CN110452205A (zh) * 2019-06-17 2019-11-15 天津农学院 一种构筑3-甲叉基-3,4-二氢香豆素骨架化合物的制备方法

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