CN104774122B - Cucumber seedling culture matrix and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Cucumber seedling culture matrix and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104774122B CN104774122B CN201510205665.0A CN201510205665A CN104774122B CN 104774122 B CN104774122 B CN 104774122B CN 201510205665 A CN201510205665 A CN 201510205665A CN 104774122 B CN104774122 B CN 104774122B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cucumber seedling culture matrix and a preparation method thereof. The cucumber seedling culture matrix is composed of, by weight, 3 to 4 parts of turf, 1.3 to 1.7 parts of animal manure, 1 to 1.5 parts of perlite, 1 to 1.5 parts of vermiculite and 0.05 to 0.1 part of papermaking black liquor alkali lignin manure. The preparation method includes the steps that the turf, the animal manure, the perlite, the vermiculite and the papermaking black liquor alkali lignin manure are mixed evenly according to the set mass ratio, so that the matrix is prepared. The prepared matrix is loose, good in breathability and water conservation and manure maintenance capacity, balanced, scientific and reasonable in nutrient supply and capable of meeting the balance requirement of the whole growth period of cucumber seedlings for nutrient elements and effectively increasing the survival rate of the cucumber seedlings and improving the seedling culture quality. The cucumber seedling culture matrix is excellent, through the addition of papermaking black liquor alkali lignin, the manure use rate can be increased, the manure is saved, the yield is increased, papermaking black liquor is used as resources, a great number of resources are prevented from being wasted, and severe environment pollution is avoided.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to vegetable seedling substrate technical field, and in particular to a kind of cucumber seedling-raising substrate and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Nursery is an important technical links in vegetable production, and the quality of seedling quality directly influences the growth of vegetable
Development, yield and quality.Along with standardization, scale and the specialization of China's vegetable production, vegetable nursery is gradually by tradition
The nursery of exclusive only family soil to batch production non-soil culture direction change, so as to increase substantially breeding efficiency.Educate without soil at present
The substrate of Seedling is generally formulated by components such as turf, perlite, Vermiculitums.Meanwhile, the addition of lignin fertilizer is due to the weak water of lignin
Dissolubility and low volatility can improve holding of the soil to fertilizer and act on, and reduce azophoska as current lose and volatilization is caused
Water and atmospheric pollution, fertilizer efficiency is long, improves the utilization rate of fertilizer, it is ensured that vegetable seedling is in growth promoter period to nutrient
Demand, while also achieving the recycling of black liquid, it is to avoid the significant wastage and the severe contamination of environment of resource, protects
Natural environment is protected.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided a kind of cucumber seedling-raising substrate and preparation method thereof.
For achieving the above object, the present invention is employed the following technical solutions：
A kind of cucumber seedling-raising substrate, the substrate is made up of the component of following weight portion：The turf of 3-4 weight portions, 1.3-
The animal excreta of 1.7 weight portions, the perlite of 1-1.5 weight portions, the Vermiculitum of 1-1.5 weight portions, 0.05-0.1 weight portion papermaking is black
Liquid caustic soda lignin fertilizer.
Further, the Fructus Cucumidis sativi substrate is made up of the component of following weight portion：The turf of 3.5 weight portions, 1.5 weight
The animal excreta of part, the perlite of 1.2 weight portions, the Vermiculitum of 1.2 weight portions, 0.07 weight portion black liquid alkali lignin fertilizer.
The animal excreta is other animal excretas such as cattle manure or chicken manure.
The preparation method of the black liquid alkali lignin fertilizer：Black liquid is added under conditions of stirring hydrochloric acid solution,
Centrifugation, removes a layer solid and is drying to obtain black liquid alkali lignin；Resulting black liquid alkali lignin is pressed with compound fertilizer
Compound fertilizer's binding agent being mixed and being added according to setting weight ratio, is stirred, pelletize obtains paper-making black liquor alkali lignin fertilizer.
Obtaining the fertile specific implementation method of black liquid alkali lignin is：Black liquid, the Deca quality under conditions of stirring
Fraction be 10% hydrochloric acid solution to pH=2；After centrifugation, supernatant is poured out, remaining solid drying to obtain papermaking is black
Liquid caustic soda lignin；Weight ratio that resulting black liquid alkali lignin and compound fertilizer are set according to body simultaneously adds adhesive aid, stirs
Mix uniform, pelletize obtains paper-making black liquor alkali lignin fertilizer.
The black liquid alkali lignin is 1~3 with the mass ratio of compound fertilizer:7, preferred mass ratio is 3:7.
The compound fertilizer is conventional products, can be obtained by commercial sources, meets following condition：Total nutrient content >=
98%th, total nitrogen content >=65%, available phosphorus content >=50%, effective potassium content >=60%.
The adhesive aid be compound fertilizer's binding agent, preferred desulfurated plaster or the natural gypsum, the quality of the adhesive aid
Account for the 3~8% of black liquid alkali lignin and compound fertilizer's gross mass, preferably 5%.
The preparation method of the cucumber seedling-raising substrate is comprised the following steps：
(1) black liquid is added under conditions of stirring hydrochloric acid solution；
(2) centrifugation, removes a layer solid and is drying to obtain black liquid alkali lignin；
(3) resulting black liquid alkali lignin is mixed and adds compound fertilizer to glue with compound fertilizer according to body setting mass ratio
Knot agent, stirs, pelletize, particle diameter<1.8mm, that is, obtain paper-making black liquor alkali lignin fertilizer.
(4) turf is heated to into 75-85 DEG C of insulation 20-30 minute, is then stacked, causing a disease in this two steps turf
Bacterium, worm's ovum and grass seed etc. inactivate substantially.
(5) heap inside turf is taken, by turf, animal excreta, perlite, Vermiculitum, black liquid alkali lignin fertilizer according to setting weight
Amount is obtained cucumber seedling-raising substrate than mixing.
The Fructus Cucumidis sativi substrate meets following physical and chemical index parameter：Relative water content<35%, the content of organic matter >=35%, always
Porosity>60%, aeration porosity>15%, water-holding porosity>45%, particle diameter<20mm, unit weight (0.2-0.6) g/cm3, air water
Than 1：(2-4), pH5.5-7.0, electrical conductivity 0.1-0.2.
The specific implementation method of step (1) is that Deca mass fraction is 10% salt under conditions of stirring by black liquid
Acid solution is to pH=2.
In step (3), the black liquid alkali lignin is 1~3 with compound fertilizer's mass ratio:7.
In step (3), the adhesive aid is compound fertilizer's binding agent, preferably desulfurated plaster or the natural gypsum.
In step (3), the quality of the adhesive aid accounts for the 3~8% of black liquid alkali lignin and compound fertilizer's gross mass.
In step (4), temperature retention time is 20-30 minutes, and pilling up time is 24~36h.
Term is explained：Black liquid, by material cookings such as wood chip, straws bleaching is smashed, and becomes paper pulp, and during this
The waste water of generation is just black liquid.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
(1) paper industry is used as one of important polluter in the whole world, and black liquor is topmost pollution in paper industry
Thing, processes also pretty troublesome and costly, but the lignin in black liquor is made into fertilizer for producing cucumber seedling-raising substrate, both may be used
Acted on improving holding of the soil to fertilizer, reduce azophoska as current lose and volatilization causes water and atmospheric pollution, fertilizer efficiency
It is long, the utilization rate of fertilizer is improved, it is ensured that demand of the vegetable seedling in growth promoter period to nutrient, while also achieving
The recycling of black liquid, it is to avoid the significant wastage and the severe contamination of environment of resource, protects natural environment.
(2) present invention production cucumber seedling-raising substrate is loose porous, good permeability, water holding fertilizer-preserving ability are good, nutrient supply
It is balanced scientific and reasonable, requirement of balance of the whole period of duration of cucumber seedlings to nutrient can be met, effectively improve cucumber seedlings
Survival rate and Quality of Seedlings and germination period is greatly shortened and has gone out the canopy phase and can also improve the yield of Fructus Cucumidis sativi.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of cucumber seedling-raising substrate is by following material composition：Turf, cattle manure, perlite, Vermiculitum, black liquid alkali lignin
Fertilizer.Its mesostroma medium-height grass charcoal, cattle manure, perlite, Vermiculitum, the mass ratio of black liquid alkali lignin fertilizer are：3.5:1.5:1.2:
1.2:0.07, each raw material is mixed.
The preparation method of described cucumber seedling-raising substrate is as follows：
(1) black liquid, the hydrochloric acid solution of Deca 10% is to pH=2 under conditions of stirring；After centrifugation, pour out
Clear liquid, by remaining solid drying to obtain black liquid alkali lignin；By resulting black liquid alkali lignin and compound fertilizer according to
Mass ratio 3:7 and add compound fertilizer's binding agent, stir, pelletize, that is, obtain paper-making black liquor alkali lignin fertilizer.Wherein, it is described
Adhesive aid is the natural gypsum, and the quality of the adhesive aid accounts for the 5% of black liquid alkali lignin and compound fertilizer's gross mass.
(2) turf is heated in the boiler 75-85 DEG C of insulation 20-30 minute, 24h is then stacked, through this two steps turf
In the basic inactivation such as pathogenic bacterium, worm's ovum and grass seed.
(3) heap inside turf is taken, by turf, cattle manure, perlite, Vermiculitum, black liquid alkali lignin fertilizer according to 3.5:1.5:
1.2:1.2:0.07 mass ratio, mixes, and the cucumber seedling-raising substrate of the present invention is obtained.
The physical and chemical index of the seedling medium：Relative water content 30%, the content of organic matter 41%, total porosity 71%, ventilation
Porosity 30%, water-holding porosity 58%, particle diameter 1.6mm, unit weight 0.4g/cm3, gas-water ratio 1：2.5, pH6.2, electrical conductivity
0.17。
Embodiment 2
The cucumber seedling-raising substrate of the present invention is by following material composition：Turf, cattle manure, black liquid alkali lignin, perlite, trematodiasiss
Stone and compound fertilizer.Its mesostroma medium-height grass charcoal, cattle manure, perlite, Vermiculitum, the mass ratio of black liquid alkali lignin fertilizer are：3.0：
1.7：1.3：1.35：0.09, mix, the cucumber seedling-raising substrate of the present invention is obtained.
The preparation method of the cucumber seedling-raising substrate of the present invention is as follows：
(1) black liquid, the hydrochloric acid solution of Deca 10% is to pH=2 under conditions of stirring；After centrifugation, pour out
Clear liquid, by remaining solid drying to obtain black liquid alkali lignin；By resulting black liquid alkali lignin and compound fertilizer according to
Mass ratio 2:7 and compound fertilizer's binding agent is added, stirred, pelletize obtains paper-making black liquor alkali lignin fertilizer.Wherein, it is described viscous
Knot auxiliary agent is desulfurated plaster, and the quality of the adhesive aid accounts for the 4% of black liquid alkali lignin and compound fertilizer's gross mass.
(2) turf is heated in the boiler 75-85 DEG C of insulation 20-30 minute, 24h is then stacked, through this two steps turf
In the basic inactivation such as pathogenic bacterium, worm's ovum and grass seed.
(3) heap inside turf is taken, by turf, cattle manure, perlite, Vermiculitum, black liquid alkali lignin fertilizer according to 3.0:1.7:
1.3:1.35:0.09 mass ratio, mixes, and the cucumber seedling-raising substrate of the present invention is obtained.
Embodiment 3
The cucumber seedling-raising substrate of the present invention is by following material composition：Turf, chicken manure, perlite, Vermiculitum, paper-making black liquor alkali wood
Plain fertilizer.Its mesostroma medium-height grass charcoal, chicken manure, perlite, Vermiculitum, the mass ratio of black liquid alkali lignin fertilizer are：4.0:1.3:1.15:
1.0:0.05, mix, the cucumber seedling-raising substrate of the present invention is obtained.
The preparation method of the cucumber seedling-raising substrate of the present invention is as follows：
(1) black liquid, the hydrochloric acid solution of Deca 10% is to pH=2 under conditions of stirring；After centrifugation, pour out
Clear liquid, by remaining solid drying to obtain black liquid alkali lignin；By resulting black liquid alkali lignin and compound fertilizer according to
Mass ratio 3:7 mix and add compound fertilizer's binding agent, stir, pelletize, that is, obtain paper-making black liquor alkali lignin fertilizer.Wherein, institute
It is desulfurated plaster to state adhesive aid, and the quality of the adhesive aid accounts for the 5% of black liquid alkali lignin and compound fertilizer's gross mass.
(2) turf is heated in the boiler 75-85 DEG C of insulation 20-30 minute, certain hour is then stacked, through this two step
Pathogenic bacterium, worm's ovum and grass seed in turf etc. inactivate substantially.
(3) heap inside turf is taken, by turf, chicken manure, perlite, Vermiculitum, black liquid alkali lignin fertilizer according to 4.0：1.3：
1.15：1.0：0.05 mass ratio, mixes, and the cucumber seedling-raising substrate of the present invention is obtained.
Cucumber seedling is cultivated using the cucumber seedling-raising substrate of the present invention, with using other seedling mediums (matched group is cultivated：Grass
Charcoal, cattle manure, perlite, Vermiculitum mass ratio is 3:1:1.5:1.5 composition base matrix, add compound fertilizer 15 in every cube of base matrix
Kilogram mix) contrast, it is as a result as follows：
1st, the cucumber seedling 500 cultivated using matched group seedling medium, going out the cucumber seedling survived during canopy has 452, Fructus Cucumidis sativi
The survival rate 90.4% of Seedling.Cucumber seedling 500 is cultivated using the cucumber seedling-raising substrate of the embodiment of the present invention 1, goes out what is survived during canopy
Cucumber seedling has 497, and the survival rate of cucumber seedling is 99.4%.Fructus Cucumidis sativi shoot survival percent is cultivated using the cucumber seedling-raising substrate of the present invention
Higher than matched group seedling medium is more.
2nd, planted using matched group seedling medium, germination period is 8-9 days, go out the canopy phase for 35-40 days.Using present invention enforcement
The seedling medium plantation of example 1, germination period is 5-6 days, goes out the canopy phase for 25-30 days；Go out Seedling is transplanted in land for growing field crops after canopy and continue to give birth to
It is long.Germination period is greatly shortened using the cucumber seedling-raising substrate of the present invention and has gone out the canopy phase.
3rd, the cucumber seedling planted using matched group seedling medium, when canopy is gone out, average plant height is 17cm, and average stem is slightly
0.24cm, stem is thick/plant height=0.012, and the cucumber seedling planted using the seedling medium of the embodiment of the present invention 1 goes out average strain during canopy
A height of 20cm, average stem is slightly 0.32cm, stem is thick/plant height=0.016.Train using the cucumber seedling-raising substrate of the embodiment of the present invention 1
The cucumber seedling educated is more strong.
4th, the cucumber seedling planted using matched group seedling medium, it is 0.23g to go out average root fresh weight during canopy, and adopts the present invention
The cucumber seedling of the cucumber seedling-raising substrate plantation of embodiment 1, goes out average root fresh weight 0.31g during canopy.Using the Huang of the embodiment of the present invention 1
The cucumber seedling lodging tolerance that melon seedling medium is cultivated is higher, is transplanted to land for growing field crops and is more easy to survive.
To sum up, using the cucumber seedling of cucumber seedling-raising substrate plantation of the present invention, not only many Seedlings of root are strengthened, and in field planting
When compared with the cucumber seedling cultivated using other seedling mediums cucumber yield also improve 3%.
Finally it should be noted that：The preferred embodiments of the present invention are the foregoing is only, the present invention is not limited to,
Although being described in detail to the present invention with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for a person skilled in the art, it still can be with
Scheme described in previous embodiment is modified, or equivalent is carried out to which part technical characteristic.It is all at this
Any modification, equivalent and improvement made in bright spirit and principle etc., should be included in protection scope of the present invention it
It is interior.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of cucumber seedling-raising substrate, is characterized in that, the substrate is made up of the component of following weight portion：The grass of 3-4 weight portions
Charcoal, the animal excreta of 1.3-1.7 weight portions, the perlite of 1-1.5 weight portions, the Vermiculitum of 1-1.5 weight portions, 0.05-0.1 weight portions
Black liquid alkali lignin fertilizer.
2. seedling medium as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that：The substrate is made up of the component of following weight portion：3.5 weight
The turf of amount part, the animal excreta of 1.5 weight portions, the perlite of 1.2 weight portions, the Vermiculitum of 1.2 weight portions, 0.07 weight portion papermaking
Black liquor alkali lignin fertilizer.
3. seedling medium as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that：The animal excreta is cattle manure or chicken manure.
4. seedling medium as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that, the preparation method of the black liquid alkali lignin fertilizer, bag
Include following steps：Black liquid adds under conditions of stirring hydrochloric acid solution, centrifugation is removed a layer solid and is drying to obtain and makes
Paper black liquor alkali lignin；Resulting black liquid alkali lignin and compound fertilizer are mixed and are added bonding according to the mass ratio that body sets
Auxiliary agent, stirs, pelletize, that is, obtain paper-making black liquor alkali lignin fertilizer.
5. the preparation method of the arbitrary described cucumber seedling-raising substrate of claim 1-4, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps：
(1) black liquid is added under conditions of stirring hydrochloric acid solution；
(2) centrifugation, removes a layer solid and is drying to obtain black liquid alkali lignin；
(3) resulting black liquid alkali lignin and compound fertilizer are mixed and is added adhesive aid according to body setting mass ratio, stir
Mix uniform, pelletize obtains paper-making black liquor alkali lignin fertilizer；
(4) turf is heated to into 75-85 DEG C of insulation, is then stacked；
(5) heap inside turf is taken, by turf, animal excreta, perlite, Vermiculitum, black liquid alkali lignin fertilizer according to setting mass ratio
Mix, cucumber seedling-raising substrate is obtained.
6. preparation method as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that：The specific implementation method of step (1) is that black liquid exists
Deca mass fraction is 10% hydrochloric acid solution to pH=2 under conditions of stirring.
7. preparation method as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that：In step (3), the black liquid alkali lignin and compound fertilizer
Mass ratio is 1~3:7.
8. preparation method as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that：In step (3), the adhesive aid is desulfurated plaster or day
Right Gypsum Fibrosum.
9. preparation method as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that：In step (3), it is black that the quality of the adhesive aid accounts for papermaking
The 3~8% of liquid caustic soda lignin and compound fertilizer's gross mass.
10. preparation method as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that：In step (4), temperature retention time is 20-30 minutes, is stacked
Time is 24~36h.
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Families Citing this family (3)
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| CN104987253B (en) * | 2015-08-03 | 2018-02-13 | 北京丰泰和环保科技有限责任公司 | A kind of organic fruit vegetable nutrient soil, and preparation method thereof |
| CN107079735A (en) * | 2017-06-23 | 2017-08-22 | 合肥市风达农业有限责任公司 | A kind of cucumber seedling-raising nutrient matrix and preparation method thereof |
| CN109452129A (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2019-03-12 | 江苏培蕾基质科技发展有限公司 | A kind of dedicated seedling composite substrate of cucumber |
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| CN1537830A (en) * | 2003-04-19 | 2004-10-20 | 顾小平 | Method of producing fertilizer from black liquid generated during paper making by potassium hydroxide alkali method |
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| JP3485140B2 (en) * | 1996-01-30 | 2004-01-13 | ト部産業株式会社 | Silicate fertilizer or silicic acid fertilizer mixed single fertilizer |
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| CN1537830A (en) * | 2003-04-19 | 2004-10-20 | 顾小平 | Method of producing fertilizer from black liquid generated during paper making by potassium hydroxide alkali method |
| CN101248738A (en) * | 2008-03-28 | 2008-08-27 | 济南市鲁青园艺研究所 | Melon raise seedling or stalk cultivation ground mass and method for manufacturing same |
| CN102093091A (en) * | 2010-12-02 | 2011-06-15 | 侯旭光 | Method for producing fertilizer from paper-making black liquor |
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