CN104741494B - The forging method of a kind of nickel-base alloy containing Cu and nickel-base alloy containing Cu - Google Patents
The forging method of a kind of nickel-base alloy containing Cu and nickel-base alloy containing Cu Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides forging method and the nickel-base alloy containing Cu of a kind of nickel-base alloy containing Cu, belong to Forging Technology technical field, overcome the defects such as not good the caused forging crack of the hot-working character brought because of the addition of copper, yield rate can be effectively improved.Described forging method includes: cogging is forged: is placed in pretreated Nickel base alloy cast ingot containing Cu in heating furnace, is heated to temperature T1And be incubated, then with forging ratio y1Forging, obtains forging stock, wherein, and T1It is 1120 ± 10 DEG C, y1≤1.4；First one-step forming: heat in forging stock is placed in described heating furnace and be incubated, then forging obtains the forging of just one-step forming；Last forges: is placed in the forging of first one-step forming in described heating furnace, is heated to temperature T3And be incubated, then with forging ratio y3Forging, obtains finished product forging, wherein, 1000 DEG C of ＜ T3＜ 1080 ± 10 DEG C, 1.5 ＜ y3＜ 2.The present invention can be used for the forging of the nickel-base alloy containing Cu.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Forging Technology technical field, particularly relate to the forging of a kind of nickel-base alloy containing Cu
Make method.
Background technology
In corrosion-resistant nominal equipment, such as petrochemical industry, flue gas desulfurization, sewage disposal, coalification
Work, on the container such as industrial pipeline and reaction vessels such as oil-gas mining, the more commonly used corrosion resistant alloy
For nickel-base alloy, its Main Feature is the corrosion that can resist medium and mixed solution.
At present, nickel-base alloy generally uses free forging method forging molding, it may be assumed that heat, so
Rear flat-die forging, existing Forging Technology is typically as follows: be warming up to Nickel base alloy cast ingot with stove
1150 ± 10 DEG C of then weight coggings, are repeated in subsequently being heated to 1120 ± 10 DEG C, then come out of the stove
Forging, until reaching the size of requirement.On the basis of nickel-base alloy, if adding one
Quantitative copper, can improve the decay resistance of alloy further.In prior art, still make
With above-mentioned forging method, the nickel-base alloy containing Cu is forged, but these technological parameters are to containing
For the nickel-base alloy of Cu and unreasonable, because the addition of Cu is often dropped low-alloyed heat and added
Work performance, easily causes alloy cracking to scrap in forging process, and yield rate is very low, brings
Economic waste significantly.In addition, the technological parameter of existing forging method selects unreasonable,
Also compromise the heterogeneous microstructure of alloy, have impact on the decay resistance of alloy, prepared
Material can not meet market demands.
Content of the invention
Embodiments provide the forging method of a kind of nickel-base alloy containing Cu, overcome because of copper
Addition and the defect such as not good caused forging crack of hot-working character of bringing, can be effective
Improve yield rate, moreover it is possible to carry heavy alloyed decay resistance.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, embodiments of the invention adopt the following technical scheme that
A kind of forging method of nickel-base alloy containing Cu, described method may comprise steps of:
Cogging is forged: be placed in pretreated Nickel base alloy cast ingot containing Cu in heating furnace, heating
To temperature T1And be incubated, then with forging ratio y1Forging, obtains forging stock, wherein, and T1For
1120 ± 10 DEG C, y1≤1.4；
First one-step forming: heat in described forging stock is placed in described heating furnace and be incubated, then forging
Obtain the forging of just one-step forming；
Last forges: is placed in the forging of described just one-step forming in described heating furnace, is heated to temperature
Degree T3And be incubated, then with forging ratio y3Forging, obtains finished product forging, wherein, 1000 DEG C of ＜
T3＜ 1080 ± 10 DEG C, 1.5 ＜ y3＜ 2.
Specifically, in described just one-step forming, described forging stock is heated to temperature T2And be incubated,
Then with forging ratio y2Forging, wherein, temperature T2For T2>T3, forging ratio y2For y2＜ y3。
Further, described temperature T2It is 1080 ± 10 DEG C, described forging ratio y2It is 1.5≤y2＜
1.8。
Preferably, described temperature T3It is 1050 ± 10 DEG C, described forging ratio y3It is 1.8≤y3＜ 2.
Preferably, described temperature T1It is 1120 DEG C ± 5 DEG C；And/or described temperature T2For
1080℃±5℃；And/or described temperature T3It is 1050 DEG C ± 5 DEG C.
Preferably, described forging ratio y1It is 1.2≤y1＜ 1.4；And/or described forging ratio y2It is 1.7≤y2
＜ 1.8；And/or described forging ratio y3It is 1.9≤y3＜ 2.
Alternatively, in described cogging forging, temperature retention time >=1.5 hour；And/or at the beginning of described
In one-step forming, temperature retention time >=0.5 hour；And/or in the forging of described last, temperature retention time >=0.5
Hour.
Wherein, before cogging forging, the top layer of Nickel base alloy cast ingot containing Cu is carried out reconditioning process,
Remove surface defect.
Specifically, the composition of described Nickel base alloy cast ingot containing Cu is Cu-Ni-Cr-Fe.
Additionally, described forging stock is square billet；The forging of described just one-step forming is the slab ingot of first one-step forming；
Described finished product forging is finished product slab ingot.
The embodiment of the present invention also provides the forging side of the nickel-base alloy containing Cu according to any of the above-described scheme
The nickel-base alloy containing Cu that method prepares.
The forging method of the nickel-base alloy containing Cu that the embodiment of the present invention provides, forges the stage in cogging
The holding temperature of 1120 ± 10 DEG C, the forging ratio less than or equal to 1.4 is used to forge, and existing
Technology uses the holding temperature of 1150 ± 10 DEG C, the big forging more than or equal to 2 in the cogging forging stage
Ratio forges, due to now alloy cast ingot top layer and internal modification gap is relatively big and now
Ingot casting is entirely as-cast structure, and column crystal is more flourishing, tissue is thicker, plasticity is poor, this
Bright the cogging forging stage use gently drop hammer, little forging ratio, the mode reducing holding temperature, first
Textura epidermoidea and thick columanar structure are broken for tiny equiax crystal, carry heavy alloyed moulding
Property, prevents due to hammer cogging stage alloy plasticity difference, deformation ratio is excessive causes ingot casting to ftracture,
I.e. avoid the prior art cogging stage owing to drop hammer weight, forging ratio are relatively big, temperature cross high because of
Ingot casting that element causes cracking such as scraps at the defect；
Forging the stage at last, the holding temperature of the present invention is more than 1000 DEG C and is less than
1080 ± 10 DEG C, forging ratio y3More than 1.5 and less than 2, and the holding temperature of prior art, forging
Make ratio respectively 1120 ± 10 DEG C, forging ratio about 1.5, it is seen then that relative to prior art, this
Bright reduce the holding temperature of ingot casting, improve forging ratio, alloy so can be made to forge
Journey occurs bigger deflection, in order to obtaining uniformly tiny tissue, i.e. the present invention is effectively
Improve the tissue of alloy, thus obtain the microstructure of fine uniform, improve alloy properties
Can, improve decay resistance；
Summary, the present invention is by the holding temperature in each stage during controlled forge process and forging
Make ratio, search out the forging method being suitable for the nickel-base alloy containing Cu, thus overcome prior art
The defects such as middle not good the caused forging crack of the hot-working character brought because of the addition of copper, energy
Enough effectively improve yield rate, moreover it is possible to carry heavy alloyed decay resistance.
Brief description
Fig. 1 shows for the forging method flow process of a kind of nickel-base alloy containing Cu that the embodiment of the present invention provides
It is intended to；
Nickel base alloy cast ingot containing Cu in the cogging forging process that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the present invention
Structural representation.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, to the technical side in the embodiment of the present invention
Case is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is only the present invention one
Divide embodiment, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, this area is general
The every other embodiment that logical technical staff is obtained under the premise of not making creative work,
Broadly fall into the scope of protection of the invention.
As it is shown in figure 1, embodiments provide the forging method of a kind of nickel-base alloy containing Cu,
This forging method may comprise steps of:
Cogging is forged: be placed in pretreated Nickel base alloy cast ingot containing Cu in heating furnace, heating
To T1And be incubated, then with forging ratio y1Forging, obtains forging stock, wherein, and T1It is 1120 ± 10 DEG C,
Hour y1≤1.4；
First one-step forming: be placed in forging stock in heating furnace, heat and be incubated, at the beginning of then forging obtains
The forging of one-step forming；
Last forges: is placed in the forging of first one-step forming in heating furnace, is heated to T3And be incubated,
Then with forging ratio y3Forging, obtains finished product forging, wherein, 1000 DEG C of ＜ T3＜ 1080 ± 10 DEG C,
1.5 ＜ y3＜ 2.
The forging method of the nickel-base alloy containing Cu that the embodiment of the present invention provides, forges the stage in cogging
The holding temperature of 1120 ± 10 DEG C, the forging ratio less than or equal to 1.4 is used to forge, and existing
Technology uses the holding temperature of 1150 ± 10 DEG C, the big forging more than or equal to 2 in the cogging forging stage
Ratio forges, due to now alloy cast ingot top layer and internal modification gap is relatively big and now
Ingot casting is entirely as-cast structure, and column crystal is more flourishing, tissue is thicker, plasticity is poor, this
Bright the cogging forging stage use gently drop hammer, little forging ratio, the mode reducing holding temperature, first
Textura epidermoidea and thick columanar structure are broken for tiny equiax crystal, carry heavy alloyed moulding
Property, prevents due to hammer cogging stage alloy plasticity difference, deformation ratio is excessive causes ingot casting to ftracture,
I.e. avoid the prior art cogging stage owing to drop hammer weight, forging ratio are relatively big, temperature cross high because of
Ingot casting that element causes cracking such as scraps at the defect；
Forging the stage at last, the holding temperature of the present invention is more than 1000 DEG C and is less than
1080 ± 10 DEG C, forging ratio y3More than 1.5 and less than 2, and the holding temperature of prior art, forging
Make ratio respectively 1120 ± 10 DEG C, forging ratio about 1.5, it is seen then that relative to prior art, this
Bright reduce the holding temperature of ingot casting, improve forging ratio, alloy so can be made to forge
Journey occurs bigger deflection, in order to obtaining uniformly tiny tissue, i.e. the present invention is effectively
Improve the tissue of alloy, thus obtain the microstructure of fine uniform, improve alloy properties
Can, improve decay resistance；
The embodiment of the present invention also provides the forging of the nickel-base alloy containing Cu according to either a program of the present invention
The nickel-base alloy containing Cu that method prepares.This contains Cu nickel-base alloy is a kind of corrosion resistant alloy, can resist
Medium and the corrosion of mixed solution.
Summary, the present invention is by the holding temperature in each stage during controlled forge process and forging
Make ratio, search out the forging method being suitable for the nickel-base alloy containing Cu, thus overcome prior art
The defects such as middle not good the caused forging crack of the hot-working character brought because of the addition of copper, energy
Enough effectively improve yield rate, moreover it is possible to carry heavy alloyed decay resistance.
In the embodiment of the present invention, described Nickel base alloy cast ingot containing Cu can be any containing Cu's
Nickel-base alloy, such as its composition can be Cu-Ni-Cr-Fe.This conjunction containing a certain amount of Cu
Gold is applicable to resist the corrosion of medium and mixed solution, has the corrosion resistant being better than other alloy materials
Erosion performance, is commonly applied in corrosion-resistant engineer equipment.
In a preferred embodiment, in first one-step forming, described forging stock can be heated
To temperature T2And be incubated, then with forging ratio y2Forging, wherein, temperature T2Can be T2>T3,
Forging ratio y2Can be y2＜ y3.So, compared with first one-step forming, in last forging, temperature
Degree T3Temperature T less than preliminary forming process2, in this temperature T3The knot being formed in lower previous step
Crystalline substance will not dissolve, and in this temperature T3Under when deforming, during being organized in forging deformation
Recrystallization occurs, and crystal boundary redistributes, and may advantageously facilitate being uniformly distributed of alloy crystalline structure；
Forging ratio y3Forging ratio y more than preliminary forming process2, so, higher forging ratio is conducive to
Make alloy that bigger deflection to occur in forging process, thus obtain uniformly tiny tissue.
Further, the forging method that the embodiment of the present invention provides was gone back before cogging forging step
Pre-treatment step can be included, i.e. the forging method that the embodiment of the present invention provides specifically can wrap
Include following steps: pretreatment, cogging forging, first one-step forming, last forge.
Wherein, pre-treatment step is particularly as follows: carry out reconditioning by the top layer of Nickel base alloy cast ingot containing Cu
Process, remove surface defect, for example, remove the rimhole on ingot casting surface, spatter scar and oxide skin
Etc. surface defect, to avoid these defects in forging process continue extension or remain in forging surface,
Thus avoid these defects reduce forging quality or cause forging to be scrapped.
Cogging forging step, particularly as follows: be placed in pretreated ingot casting in heating furnace, is heated to
Temperature T1And be incubated, T1It is 1120 ± 10 DEG C, forging of then coming out of the stove, initial forging temperature can be 1000～
1080 DEG C, final forging temperature can be 900～960 DEG C, with forging ratio y1≤ 1.4 are forged into a scale
Very little forging stock.
Prior art is that ingot casting is heated to 1150 ± 10 DEG C in the cogging stage, then uses and is more than
In the big forging ratio weight cogging of 2, owing to ingot casting top layer and internal modification gap are relatively big, now
Ingot casting is as-cast structure, and column crystal is more flourishing, tissue is thicker, plasticity is poor, prior art
Decline great efforts at cogging stage forging hammer, use again bigger forging ratio, easily cause during forging
Crack of surface layer, as in figure 2 it is shown, the forged rear ingot casting 2 being formed after forging of ingot casting 1 before Duan Zao,
Now can produce forge crack 3, so that ingot casting is scrapped.
And in the present invention, forge the holding temperature of stage employing 1120 ± 10 DEG C in cogging, be less than
Forging ratio equal to 1.4 is forged, and first can break textura epidermoidea and thick columanar structure
Broken for tiny equiax crystal, put forward heavy alloyed plasticity, prevent owing to hammer cogging stage alloy is moulded
Property difference, deformation ratio is excessive causes ingot casting to ftracture, and prepares for next step forging.
Wherein, temperature T in cogging forging stage1Can be 1120 ± 10 DEG C, preferably 1120 DEG C ± 5 DEG C,
More preferably 1120 DEG C ± 3 DEG C.During the cogging forging stage, temperature is high, then alloy " soft ", and plasticity is big,
But crystal grain is thicker；Temperature is low, then alloy " firmly ", plasticity difference, but crystal grain is relatively thin, the application's
Can be taken into account the two for 1120 ± 10 DEG C, not only improve and put forward heavy alloyed plasticity, also obtain tiny crystalline substance
Grain.
Meanwhile, forging ratio y1Can be y1≤ 1.4, preferably 1.2≤y1＜ 1.4, more preferably
1.2≤y1≤1.3.During the cogging forging stage, forging ratio is easily caused more greatly forging cracking, forging ratio
Less being easily reduced forges efficiency, reduction economy.
Preliminary forming step, particularly as follows: be placed in heating furnace forging stock, is heated to T2And be incubated,
T2Being 1080 ± 10 DEG C, forging of then coming out of the stove, initial forging temperature can be 1000～1080 DEG C, end
Forging temperature can be 900～960 DEG C, with forging ratio 1.5≤y2＜ 1.8 is swaged into the preliminary of certain size
The forging of shaping.
Wherein, temperature T2Can be 1080 ± 10 DEG C, preferably 1080 DEG C ± 5 DEG C, more preferably
1080℃±3℃；Forging ratio y2Can be 1.5≤y2＜ 1.8, preferably 1.6≤y2＜ 1.8, more preferably
1.7≤y2＜ 1.8.By strict temperature control T2With forging ratio y2, formed steady in forging process
Determining carbide, tissue has carried out abundant recrystallization simultaneously, and so, forging is preliminary in this step
Forging molding.
Last forging step, particularly as follows: be placed in the forging of first one-step forming in heating furnace, continues to add
Heat is to temperature T3And be incubated, temperature T3Can be 1000 DEG C of ＜ T3＜ 1080 ± 10 DEG C, then goes out
Stove forges, and initial forging temperature can be 1000～1080 DEG C, final forging temperature can be 900～960 DEG C,
With forging ratio 1.5 ＜ y3＜ 2 is forged into the finished product forging of certain size.
Wherein, temperature T3Can be 1050 ± 10 DEG C, preferably 1050 DEG C ± 5 DEG C, more preferably 1050 DEG C
±3℃；Forging ratio y3Can be y3>=1.8, preferably 1.9≤y3＜ 2, more preferably 1.95≤y3＜ 2.
In forging process, at the end of heating changes just, in alloy, crystal grain is typically relatively fine,
Grain boundary is irregular arc.Through heating after a while or insulation, crystal grain will be grown up,
Grain boundary can tend to straightened.Raise crystal grain with heating-up temperature will gradually grow up, and temperature
Higher or at a certain temperature temperature retention time longer, crystal grain is also thicker.In the present invention,
Temperature T during last forging3Less than 1080 ± 10 DEG C, this not only contributes to guarantee crystalline substance in forging process
Grain is comparatively fine, moreover it is possible to based on temperature T3Forge with the bigger forging ratio more than or equal to 1.8,
Making alloy internal void pressing, as cast condition dendrite is broken, structure organization more fine uniform,
Thus improve the corrosion resistance of alloy.
It should be noted that in cogging forging, temperature retention time >=1.5 hour, namely will contain
Cu Nickel base alloy cast ingot is placed in heating furnace, is heated to temperature T1Rear insulation more than 1.5 hours,
For example the 1.5th, the 1.6th, the 2.0th, 3 hours；And/or in first one-step forming, temperature retention time >=0.5 hour,
For example the 0.5th, the 0.8th, the 1.0th, 1.5 hours；And/or in last forging, temperature retention time >=0.5 hour,
For example the 0.5th, the 0.6th, the 1.0th, 1.5 hours.In each stage forging process, the embodiment of the present invention
The temperature retention time providing cooperates with corresponding holding temperature, can either guarantee ingot casting " heat penetration ",
Alloy can also be made to have thinner crystal grain.
In embodiments of the present invention, described forging stock can be square billet；The forging of first one-step forming is
The slab ingot of first one-step forming；Finished product forging is finished product slab ingot.I.e. in forging process, employing side-flat-
The nickel-base alloy containing Cu for the flat deformation pattern forging, this deformation pattern considers forging direction, forging
The impact on alloy grain change in orientation for the part size, is conducive to carrying heavy alloyed forgeability, carries
High finished product rate.
It is understood that the forging described in the embodiment of the present invention refers to utilize metal forming machinery pair
Metal stock apply pressure so that it is produce be plastically deformed with obtain have certain mechanical performance, one
Shaped and the processing method of size forging；Described forging ratio be with flow of metal before and after horizontal stroke
The ratio of basal area represents.
In forging process, the cogging forging stage uses gently drops hammer, and the last forging stage uses weight
Drop hammer.Wherein, what is called " gently dropping hammer " refers to the light hammering of relatively low height, frequency and dynamics forging
Beat；So-called " flumping hammer " refers to the forging weight impact of bigger height, frequency and dynamics.Ability
Field technique personnel it is understood that during dropping hammer " gently ", the concrete meaning of " weight " and falling
During hammer, the corresponding value of height, frequency and dynamics is all to it is known in the art, the present invention
Do not make concrete example at this.
Forging equipment used by the embodiment of the present invention can be the conventional equipment of this area, for example, add
Hot stove can be vaccum sensitive stove, and forging hammer used can be flat-die hammer etc., and the present invention is to this
It is not construed as limiting.
The forging method of the nickel-base alloy containing Cu that the embodiment of the present invention provides, forges the stage in cogging
Use gently drop hammer, little forging ratio, the mode reducing holding temperature, it is to avoid prior art cogging
Stage is owing to heavier, the forging ratio of dropping hammer is relatively big, temperature is crossed high factor and caused ingot casting cracking to be scrapped；
Reduce holding temperature in last forging, improve forging ratio, improve the forging tissue of alloy, obtain
Obtain the tissue of fine uniform, improved alloy property, improve its corrosion resistance.
In order to the forging side of containing Cu nickel-base alloy that the embodiment of the present invention provided is better described
Method, is described in detail with specific embodiment below.
Comparative example:
Use 25kg vacuum induction meltingNickel base alloy cast ingot containing Cu,
Ingot casting composition is Cu-Ni-Cr-Fe, wherein rising head height 95mm, by this ingot casting at 0.7T open die forging
Forging on hammer, concrete operation step is as follows:
Pretreatment: ingot casting top layer carries out reconditioning process, removes the rimhole on surface, spatters scar
And the defect such as oxide skin.
Cogging is forged: with stove, pretreated ingot casting is warming up to 1150 ± 10 DEG C and is incubated, insulation
1.5 hours time, forging of then coming out of the stove, initial forging temperature 1073 DEG C, final forging temperature >=900 DEG C,
Being forged into cross sectional dimensions is 84mm × 88mm square billet, forging ratio 2.08.
First one-step forming: the sectional dimension by above-mentioned forging is that the square billet of 84mm × 88mm melts down and adds
Heat is to 1120 ± 10 DEG C and is incubated, temperature retention time 0.5 hour, forging of then coming out of the stove, initial forging temperature
1030 DEG C, final forging temperature 900 DEG C, be swaged into the slab ingot that sectional dimension is 92mm × 50mm, forging
Ratio 1.61.
Last forges: the sectional dimension by above-mentioned forging is that the slab ingot of 92mm × 50mm melts down and continues
Continue and be heated to 1120 DEG C ± 10 DEG C and be incubated, temperature retention time 0.5 hour, forging of then coming out of the stove, begin
Forging temperature 970 DEG C, final forging temperature 900 DEG C, be swaged into the finished product that sectional dimension is 96mm × 31mm
Slab ingot, forging ratio 1.55, it is thus achieved that the finished product forging of requirement.
Data statistics: the average yield rate repeatedly forged is 60%.
Embodiment 1:
Use 25kg vacuum induction meltingNickel base alloy cast ingot containing Cu,
Ingot casting composition is Cu-Ni-Cr-Fe, wherein rising head height 103mm, by this ingot casting at 0.7T freely
Forging on forging hammer, concrete operation step is as follows:
Pretreatment: ingot casting top layer carries out reconditioning process, removes the rimhole on surface, spatters scar
And the defect such as oxide skin.
Cogging is forged: with stove, pretreated ingot casting is warming up to 1120 ± 10 DEG C and is incubated, insulation
2.5 hours time, forging of then coming out of the stove, initial forging temperature is 1061 DEG C, final forging temperature 908 DEG C,
Being forged into cross sectional dimensions is 112mm × 105mm square billet, and forging ratio is 1.25；
First one-step forming: the sectional dimension by above-mentioned forging is that the square billet of 112mm × 105mm melts down
It is heated to 1080 ± 10 DEG C and be incubated, temperature retention time 1 hour, forging of then coming out of the stove, initial forging temperature
1030 DEG C, final forging temperature 905 DEG C, it is swaged into the slab ingot that sectional dimension is 122mm × 61mm, forging
Make ratio 1.58；
Last forges: the sectional dimension by above-mentioned forging is that the slab ingot of 122mm × 61mm melts down and continues
Continue and be heated to 1050 DEG C ± 10 DEG C and be incubated, temperature retention time 1 hour, forging of then coming out of the stove, forging of beginning
Temperature is 1000 DEG C, final forging temperature 933 DEG C, is swaged into the one-tenth that sectional dimension is 135mm × 28mm
Product slab ingot, forging ratio 1.97.
Data statistics: through test of many times, use the forging method of embodiment 1, average yield rate
It is 80%.
Embodiment 2:
Use 25kg vacuum induction meltingNickel base alloy cast ingot containing Cu,
Ingot casting composition is Cu-Ni-Cr-Fe, wherein rising head height 97mm, by this ingot casting at 0.7T open die forging
Forging on hammer, concrete operation step is as follows:
Pretreatment: ingot casting top layer carries out reconditioning process, removes the rimhole on surface, spatters scar
And the defect such as oxide skin.
Cogging is forged: with stove, pretreated ingot casting is warming up to 1120 ± 10 DEG C and is incubated, insulation
2.5 hours time, forging of then coming out of the stove, initial forging temperature is 1058 DEG C, final forging temperature 913 DEG C,
Being forged into cross sectional dimensions is 113mm × 108mm square billet, and forging ratio is 1.30；
First one-step forming: the sectional dimension by above-mentioned forging is that the square billet of 113mm × 108mm melts down
It is heated to 1080 ± 10 DEG C and be incubated, temperature retention time 1 hour, forging of then coming out of the stove, initial forging temperature
1030 DEG C, final forging temperature 909 DEG C, it is swaged into the slab ingot that sectional dimension is 125mm × 57mm, forging
Make ratio 1.71；
Last forges: the sectional dimension by above-mentioned forging is that the slab ingot of 125mm × 57mm melts down and continues
Continue and be heated to 1050 DEG C ± 10 DEG C and be incubated, temperature retention time 1 hour, forging of then coming out of the stove, forging of beginning
Temperature is 1000 DEG C, final forging temperature 936 DEG C, is swaged into the one-tenth that sectional dimension is 130mm × 29mm
Product slab ingot, forging ratio 1.89.
Data statistics: through test of many times, use the forging method of embodiment 2, average yield rate
It is 80%.
Embodiment 3:
Use 25kg vacuum induction meltingNickel base alloy cast ingot containing Cu,
Ingot casting composition is Cu-Ni-Cr-Fe, wherein rising head height 98mm, by this ingot casting at 0.7T open die forging
Forging on hammer, concrete operation step is as follows:
Pretreatment: ingot casting top layer carries out reconditioning process, removes the rimhole on surface, spatters scar
And the defect such as oxide skin.
Cogging is forged: with stove, pretreated ingot casting is warming up to 1120 ± 10 DEG C and is incubated, insulation
2.5 hours time, forging of then coming out of the stove, initial forging temperature is 1062 DEG C, final forging temperature 911 DEG C,
Being forged into cross sectional dimensions is 115mm × 104mm square billet, and forging ratio is 1.19；
First one-step forming: the sectional dimension by above-mentioned forging is that the square billet of 115mm × 104mm melts down
It is heated to 1080 ± 10 DEG C and be incubated, temperature retention time 1 hour, forging of then coming out of the stove, initial forging temperature
1030 DEG C, final forging temperature 904 DEG C, it is swaged into the slab ingot that sectional dimension is 126mm × 55mm, forging
Make ratio 1.73；
Last forges: the sectional dimension by above-mentioned forging is that the slab ingot of 126mm × 55mm melts down and continues
Continue and be heated to 1050 DEG C ± 10 DEG C and be incubated, temperature retention time 1 hour, forging of then coming out of the stove, forging of beginning
Temperature is 1000 DEG C, final forging temperature 932 DEG C, is swaged into the one-tenth that sectional dimension is 128mm × 28mm
Product slab ingot, forging ratio 1.93.
Data statistics: through test of many times, use the forging method of embodiment 3, average yield rate
It is 80%.
From the result of above-mentioned data statistics, the yield rate of existing forging method only has 60%,
And the method being provided by the embodiment of the present invention, its yield rate is up to 80%, it can be seen that,
Forging method of the present invention has taken into full account that Cu's adds the impact on alloy forging technique, carries
Supply the smithing technological parameter of reasonably optimizing, effectively increase the yield rate of forging.
Performance test
The present invention have chosen the forged material being obtained by existing forging method and by above-mentioned enforcement
The forged material that example 1-3 obtains has carried out corrosion resisting property test, respectively takes above-mentioned forged material respectively
Three (i.e. sample the 1st, the 2nd, 3) is soaked in 23MPa, saline solns 500 hours at 450 DEG C.
Weigh and test material average corrosion rate, result such as table 1:
Table 1
Can be drawn by data in table 1, use the average of the material that existing forging method obtained
Corrosion rate is the average corrosion speed of the material using forging method provided by the present invention to be obtained
2.07-2.16 times of rate, this expression, the corrosion resistance of the forging method gained alloy material of the present invention
Can significantly improve.Visible, method provided by the present invention reduces alloy heating and thermal insulation temperature, carries
High forging ratio, improves alloy forging tissue, it is thus achieved that the tissue of fine uniform, improves conjunction
Gold performance, improves corrosion resistance.
Obviously, above-described embodiment is only for clearly demonstrating example, and not to reality
Execute the restriction of mode.For those of ordinary skill in the field, the base in described above
Can also make other changes in different forms on plinth.Here without also cannot be to all
Embodiment give exhaustive.And the obvious change thus extended out or variation are still located
Protection domain in the invention.
Claims (11)
1. the forging method of a nickel-base alloy containing Cu, it is characterised in that described method includes
Following steps:
Cogging is forged: be placed in pretreated Nickel base alloy cast ingot containing Cu in heating furnace, heating
To temperature T1And be incubated, then with forging ratio y1Forging, obtains forging stock, wherein, and T1For
1120 ± 10 DEG C, y1≤1.4；
First one-step forming: heat in described forging stock is placed in described heating furnace and be incubated, then forging
Obtain the forging of just one-step forming；
Last forges: is placed in the forging of described just one-step forming in described heating furnace, is heated to temperature
Degree T3And be incubated, then with forging ratio y3Forging, obtains finished product forging, wherein, 1000 DEG C of ＜
T3＜ 1080 ± 10 DEG C, 1.5 ＜ y3＜ 2.
2. the forging method of nickel-base alloy containing Cu according to claim 1, its feature exists
In, in described just one-step forming, described forging stock being heated to temperature T2And be incubated, then with forging
Make and compare y2Forging, wherein, temperature T2For T2>T3, forging ratio y2For y2＜ y3。
3. the forging method of nickel-base alloy containing Cu according to claim 2, its feature exists
In described temperature T2It is 1080 ± 10 DEG C, described forging ratio y2It is 1.5≤y2＜ 1.8.
4. the forging method of nickel-base alloy containing Cu according to claim 1, its feature exists
In described temperature T3It is 1050 ± 10 DEG C, described forging ratio y3It is 1.8≤y3＜ 2.
5. the forging method of nickel-base alloy containing Cu according to claim 2, its feature exists
In described temperature T1It is 1120 DEG C ± 5 DEG C；And/or described temperature T2It is 1080 DEG C ± 5 DEG C；With
/ or described temperature T3It is 1050 DEG C ± 5 DEG C.
6. the forging method of nickel-base alloy containing Cu according to claim 2, its feature exists
In described forging ratio y1It is 1.2≤y1＜ 1.4；And/or described forging ratio y2It is 1.7≤y2＜ 1.8；
And/or described forging ratio y3It is 1.9≤y3＜ 2.
7. the forging method of nickel-base alloy containing Cu according to claim 1, its feature exists
In, in described cogging forging, temperature retention time >=1.5 hour；And/or in described just one-step forming,
Temperature retention time >=0.5 hour；And/or in the forging of described last, temperature retention time >=0.5 hour.
8. the forging method of nickel-base alloy containing Cu according to claim 1, its feature exists
In, cogging forging before, the top layer of Nickel base alloy cast ingot containing Cu is carried out reconditioning process, remove
Surface defect.
9. the forging method of nickel-base alloy containing Cu according to claim 1, its feature exists
In the composition of described Nickel base alloy cast ingot containing Cu is Cu-Ni-Cr-Fe.
10. the forging method of nickel-base alloy containing Cu according to claim 1, its feature exists
In described forging stock is square billet；The forging of described just one-step forming is the slab ingot of first one-step forming；Described
Finished product forging is finished product slab ingot.
The forging method of 11. nickel-base alloys containing Cu according to any one of claim 1-10 prepares
Nickel-base alloy containing Cu.
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| CN107299251A (en) * | 2017-06-28 | 2017-10-27 | 安徽华飞机械铸锻有限公司 | A kind of kirsite and forging method |
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