CN104737745A - Radish seed planting method - Google Patents
Radish seed planting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104737745A CN104737745A CN201510097612.1A CN201510097612A CN104737745A CN 104737745 A CN104737745 A CN 104737745A CN 201510097612 A CN201510097612 A CN 201510097612A CN 104737745 A CN104737745 A CN 104737745A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a radish seed planting method. The radish seed planting method includes the steps that the germination rates are measured, seeds are divided into four levels according to the differences of the germination rates, shadow ditches are dug in the field, the seeds are sown corresponding to the corresponding distances according to the germination rates, and the seeds are covered with an improved seedling culture matrix. Through the measurement of the germination rates of the seeds, the single-seed sowing distances can be accurately determined, and the number of the seeds used in per mu can be determined; through the use of the ditches with the depth being 5 cm, the seeds can be conveniently watered in the sowing process, and radish seedlings can be selected and reserved; the seeds are covered with the improved seedling culture matrix with the thickness being 2 cm, water permeability and breathability are good, and the emergence rate is increased. The radish seed planting method is suitable for sowing the seeds according to the planting distance, the number of the seeds used in per mu is reduced, and the thinning frequency is reduced by 2 to 3 times in the final singling process. The radish seed planting method is easy and convenient to operate, suitable for serving as a radish cultivating and planting method, happily acceptable by a base or a farmer and especially a research and development institution and excellent in application and popularization prospect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural plantation technology field, particularly relating to a kind of take loose fleshy root as the implantation methods of the crop seeds of main edible organs based on radish.
Background technology
Radish is one, biennial herb plant; Radish has the cultivation history of more than 2700 year in China, and be a kind of important popular vegetable of China, its area under cultivation is only second to Chinese cabbage and capsicum, occupies the 3rd in China.Radish is not only nutritious, and has plurality of health care functions.
With the radish that loose fleshy root is the plantation of main edible organs, usually adopt bunch planting way plantation.Line-spacing is determined according to breediness, from 15cm to 45cm not etc.With in a line, between cave, spacing is the suitable spacing in the rows of this kind, the dark 5-7cm in general cave; Every bunch planting kind 4-5 grain seed, even every bunch planting kind 7-8 grain; Seed field fine earth covers 1-2cm, thinning 3-4 time after emerging, last every cave final singling 1 strain.
Because root is more delayed with the research work of the corresponding cultivation techniques of radish etc., mu grain weight is excessive, and seed availability, lower than 30%, causes the waste of seed, and field thinning is consuming time takes a lot of work.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned Problems existing, the object of the invention be to provide a kind of solve the seed availability existed in prior art low, emerge irregular, the implantation methods of the radish seed of the defect that field thinning is consuming time takes a lot of work etc.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows: a kind of implantation methods of radish seed, described implantation methods is that radish seed is marked shallow ridges → by the corresponding corresponding spacing of bud rate grade, grain sowing → with the seedling medium covering seed of improvement through measuring germination rate → divisions seed grade → field, and its detailed operating procedure is as follows:
1) conventional method is adopted to measure radish seed germination rate;
2) radish seed is divided into according to germination rate difference; A level seed: germination rate >=90%; B level seed: germination rate is 85% ~ 90%, C level seed: germination rate is 70% ~ 85%; D level seed: germination rate < 70%;
3) adopt hoe one jiao or bamboo pole to mark in field move towards vertical with furrow face and the degree of depth is the shallow ridges of 5cm, width 3-5cm, described shallow ridges is 5cm apart from edge, the left and right sides, furrow face; Such shallow ridges is closed, not easily flows out when watering;
4) by step 2) in radish seed program request in the shallow ridges of step 3), wherein the seed spacing of the seed spacing of A level seed to be the seed spacing of 15cm, B level seed be 10cm, C level seed is 7cm;
5), after having sowed, adopt the seedling medium after improvement to cover, the thickness of the seedling medium after improvement is 2cm;
6) after planting 15-20 days, seedling age 5-7 leaf time carry out thinning and final singling.
Step 2 of the present invention) divide in the operating process of category, the D level seed of germination rate < 70% is defective seed, is not used in field sowing.
Step 3) field of the present invention is marked in the operating process of shallow ridges, and the spacing between two adjacent shallow ridges is the suitable line-spacing of this radish varieties.
Seedling medium in step 5) of the present invention be 50% conventional seedbed system matrix and 50% vegetable garden fine earth formed after being uniformly mixed.
Step 4) of the present invention and step 6) are carried out in the operating process of thinning and final singling, according to the regulation spacing in the rows-5cm of the radish varieties of the spacing in the rows >=plantation of thinning operation, select and remain that leaf look green, robust plant, meet the radish young plant of this variety characteristic, with maximum strain number ± 1 strains that suitable spacing in the rows can be planted at kind of planting-line lastrow, as the foundation of strain number of selecting and remain when thinning and final singling; Remove unnecessary radish young plant.
In actual mechanical process, suppose that the kind intending sowing is Duanye 13 radish, the regulation spacing in the rows of this kind is 20cm, furrow are wide is 200cm, then a line can plant 10-11 strain, when thinning and final singling, and can by spacing in the rows >=15cm standard, select and remain that leaf look green, robust plant, meet the radish young plant 10-11 strain of this variety characteristic, thinning and final singling operation is disposable completes.
Implantation methods of the present invention is applicable to that be main edible organs with loose fleshy root, live crops, such as: turnip, root-mustard etc.
The invention has the advantages that: adopt radish planting method 1 provided by the present invention) measured by percentage of seedgermination, seed is divided into four grades according to germination rate, the spacing of a sowing time can be determined accordingly more exactly, thus determine mu grain weight; Conveniently regulating and controlling, controls precisely; 2) 5cm shallow ridges and shallow ridges distance edge, the left and right sides, furrow face are the use of 5cm, are convenient to water during sowing; 3) cover seed with the seedling medium after improvement, permeable, gas permeability is all better, improves emergence rate more than 5%; 4) employing broadcast of suitable spacing in the rows, grain, decreases a mu sowing quantity, decreases thinning number of times 2 ~ 3 times during final singling; 5) seed consumption more than 50%, mu cost reduction more than 350 yuan is saved.
This method is easy and simple to handle, is suitable as radish cultivation implantation methods, and base or plantation family, particularly R&D institution take like a shot, and have fabulous popularizing application prospect.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of implantation methods of the present invention.
Wherein, 1 furrow face, 2 furrow limits, 3 shallow ridges, 4 seed spacings.
Embodiment
Illustrate that the present invention is described in further detail with embodiment below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
embodiment 1:
Jiangyin is generally in sowing on August 20 to 25 autumn and winter radish, for Red radish (a kind of meat is red fruit radish), as shown in Figure 1, the line-spacing that this kind is suitable and spacing in the rows are respectively 45cm and 35cm, about plant 4000 strains for every mu, tradition planting method, every cave point seed 4-5 grain, mu grain weight 160g to 200g; The fine earth preparing lid seed adds that seed is broadcast rear blinding and about used 1 work, local wage 100 yuan/day; Thinning 3-4 time, by 4.5 to 5 works.The Red radish percentage of seedgermination of gathering then is more than 90%, and thousand grain weigth is about 10g, Red radish seed price about 80 yuan/500g.
Adopt this method to plant Red radish in Jiangyin City, mu seed is about 80g; To draw the degree of depth be the recruitment of 5cm shallow ridges with tradition, and to play cave recruitment suitable; Cover the seedling medium about 25 yuan of seed; Seed recruitment 0.25 is covered with seedling medium; Period mu thinning about 1.5 times, at every turn about 1 work, totally 1.5 works.Management after final singling and expense etc., this method and conventional method are together.
Adopt this method to plant Red radish in Jiangyin City, save seed for every mu and be about 80-120g, pay seed 12.8-19.2 unit less; Cover seed ratio conventional method with seedling medium and cover seed, branched go out 25 yuan, few recruitment 0.75 (75 yuan), actual saving 50 yuan; This method thinning 3-3.5 work fewer than routine, pays 300-350 unit less.Integrate, adopt this method Jiangyin City's plantation Red radish radish, dart transfer, meet the principle of the few recruitment of agricultural now, abridged edition, few recruitment 3.75-4.25 of mu, add and save seed expense 12.8-19.2 unit, deduct and buy seedling medium 25 yuan, altogether cost saving 362.8-419.2 unit.
embodiment 2:
District of Jiangyan City of Jiangsu Province is generally in sowing in 10 to 15 August autumn and winter radish, for the sub-radish of Rugao one hundred days (a kind of dermatome meat is the round ternip of white), as shown in Figure 1, the line-spacing that this kind is suitable and spacing in the rows are respectively 35cm and 20cm, about plant 7300 strains for every mu, tradition planting method, every cave point seed 4-5 grain, mu grain weight 233.6g to 292g; The fine earth preparing lid seed adds that seed is broadcast rear blinding and about used 1 work, local wage about 100 yuan/day; Thinning 3-4 time, by 5.5 to 6.5 works.The sub-radish seed germination rate of the Rugao one hundred days of gathering then is more than 90%, and thousand grain weigth is about 8g, the sub-radish seed price of Rugao one hundred days about 50 yuan/500g.
Adopt this method the sub-radish of plantation Rugao, district of Taizhou City Jiangyan City one hundred days, mu seed is about 116.8g; To draw the degree of depth be the recruitment of 5cm shallow ridges with tradition, and to play cave recruitment suitable; Cover the seedling medium about 25 yuan of seed; Seed recruitment 0.25 is covered with seedling medium; Period mu thinning about 1.5 times, at every turn about 1 work, totally 1.5 works.Management after final singling and expense etc., this method and conventional method are together.
Adopt this method the sub-radish of plantation Rugao, district of Taizhou City Jiangyan City one hundred days, save seed for every mu and be about 116.8-175.2g, pay seed 11.68-17.52 unit less; Cover seed ratio conventional method with seedling medium and cover seed, branched go out 25 yuan, few recruitment 0.75 (75 yuan), actual saving 50 yuan; This method thinning 4-5 work fewer than routine, pays 400-500 unit less.Integrate, adopt this method the sub-radish of plantation Rugao, district of Taizhou City Jiangyan City one hundred days, dart transfer, meet the principle of the few recruitment of agricultural now, abridged edition, few recruitment 4.75-5.25 of mu, add and save seed expense 12.8-19.2 unit, deduct and buy seedling medium 25 yuan, altogether cost saving 462.8-519.2 unit.
embodiment 3:
Inst of vegetables, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences is generally in sowing on 10 to September 10 August radish breeding material, for the heat-resisting radish of precocity (as Duanye 13 radish type), as shown in Figure 1, the line-spacing that this kind is suitable and spacing in the rows are respectively 25cm and 20cm, about plant 11000 strains for every mu, tradition planting method, every cave point seed 4-5 grain; The fine earth preparing lid seed about uses 0.5 work, local wage 100 yuan/day; Thinning 3-4 time.By 5.5 to 6.5 works.The radish seed germination rate of gathering then is more than 90%.
Adopt this method to plant radish breeding material in Inst of vegetables, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences's breeding base (Zhu Zhen town, Liuhe District, Nanjing), mu seed saves more than 80%; To draw the degree of depth be the recruitment of 5cm shallow ridges with tradition, and to play cave recruitment suitable; Cover the seedling medium about 25 yuan of seed; Seed recruitment 0.25 is covered with seedling medium; Period mu thinning about 1.5 times, at every turn about 1 work, totally 1.5 works.Management after final singling and expense etc., this method and conventional method are together.
This method is adopted to plant radish breeding material in Inst of vegetables, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences's breeding base (Zhu Zhen town, Liuhe District, Nanjing), cover seed ratio conventional method with seedling medium and cover seed, branched go out 25 yuan, few recruitment 0.75 (75 yuan), actual saving 50 yuan; This method thinning 4-5 work fewer than routine, pays 400-500 unit less.Integrate, this method is adopted to plant radish breeding material in Inst of vegetables, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences's breeding base (Zhu Zhen town, Liuhe District, Nanjing), dart transfer, meet the principle of the few recruitment of agricultural now, abridged edition, few recruitment 4.75-5.25 of mu, deduct and buy seedling medium 25 yuan, altogether cost saving 450-500 unit.What is more important, the radish breeding Cai Liao Zhuo of R&D institution is workman's tweezers supplementary pollination gained, and each radish kind pod containing seed mostly at 3-5 intergranular, each individual plant is on average gathered about 100, seed, and what obtain needed for breeding material is artificial a lot; Conventional method plantation radish breeding material, general each individual plant sows 20 caves autumn and winter, and every cave point 4-5 grain seed, a season gets off, and 100 seeds that individual plant is gathered have been planted substantially.And selected elite seedling wants expansion breeding to do the coming year again, have impact on breeding process; As adopted this method, after planted in fall terminates, each individual plant can leave about 50 seeds (being 100 when gathering by every strain) substantially, can expand numerous parental seed on a small quantity then, improve breeding efficiency, this method is more effective to scientific research breeding unit.
embodiment 4:seed spacing in embodiment 1-3 is carried out comparative trial under the same conditions, as shown in Figure 1, its different seed spacing on thinning number of times to affect result as shown in the table:
As seen from the above table: conventional method field thinning 3-4 time, each mu recruitment is about 1-1.5, compares labor intensive, adopts the present invention to considerably reduce thinning number of times and recruitment.
embodiment 5:kind subcovering matrix different in embodiment 1-3 is carried out comparative trial, different substrates on radish seed emergence rate to affect result as shown in the table:
As seen from the above table: the covering matrix after improvement has a clear superiority in water conservation is breathed freely, raising germination rate (than seedling medium) more than 5% is directly reflected in.
It should be noted that, above-mentioned is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not used for limiting protection scope of the present invention, and equivalents done on the basis of above-described embodiment all belongs to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. the implantation methods of a radish seed, it is characterized in that, described implantation methods is that radish seed is marked shallow ridges → by the corresponding corresponding spacing of bud rate grade, grain sowing → with the seedling medium covering seed of improvement through measuring germination rate → divisions seed grade → field, and its detailed operating procedure is as follows:
1) conventional method is adopted to measure radish seed germination rate;
2) radish seed is divided into according to germination rate difference; A level seed: germination rate >=90%; B level seed: germination rate is 85% ~ 90%, C level seed: germination rate is 70% ~ 85%; D level seed: germination rate < 70%;
3) adopt hoe one jiao or bamboo pole to mark in field move towards vertical with furrow face and the degree of depth is the shallow ridges of 5cm, width 3-5cm, described shallow ridges is 5cm apart from edge, the left and right sides, furrow face;
4) by step 2) in radish seed program request in the shallow ridges of step 3), wherein the seed spacing of the seed spacing of A level seed to be the seed spacing of 15cm, B level seed be 10cm, C level seed is 7cm;
5), after having sowed, adopt seedling medium to cover, the thickness of the seedling medium after improvement is 2cm;
6) after planting 15-20 days, seedling age 5-7 leaf time carry out thinning and final singling operation.
2. the implantation methods of radish seed as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described step 2) divide in the operating process of category, the D level seed of germination rate < 70% is considered as defective seed, is not used in field sowing.
3. the implantation methods of radish seed as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described step 3) field is marked in the operating process of shallow ridges, is the spacing between adjacent two shallow ridges with the regulation line-spacing of the radish varieties of planting.
4. the implantation methods of radish seed as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the seedling medium in described step 5) be 50% conventional seedbed system matrix and 50% vegetable garden fine earth formed after being uniformly mixed.
5. the implantation methods of radish seed as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described step 4) and step 6) are carried out in the operating process of thinning and final singling, according to the regulation spacing in the rows-5cm of the radish varieties of the spacing in the rows >=plantation of thinning operation, select and remain that leaf look green, robust plant, meet the radish young plant of this variety characteristic, remove unnecessary radish young plant.
6. the implantation methods of radish seed as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described implantation methods is applicable to that be main edible organs with loose fleshy root, live crops.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110622757A (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2019-12-31 | 邳州市苏鲁粮种繁育专业合作社 | Direct maca sowing and cultivating technology |
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| CN110622757A (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2019-12-31 | 邳州市苏鲁粮种繁育专业合作社 | Direct maca sowing and cultivating technology |
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