CN104730464A - Method for testing adiabatic temperature rise rate of battery - Google Patents
Method for testing adiabatic temperature rise rate of battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN104730464A CN104730464A CN201310729273.5A CN201310729273A CN104730464A CN 104730464 A CN104730464 A CN 104730464A CN 201310729273 A CN201310729273 A CN 201310729273A CN 104730464 A CN104730464 A CN 104730464A
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for testing the adiabatic temperature rise rate of a battery, which comprises the steps of judging thermal runaway, selecting the initial charge state of the battery and testing the termination condition, and is characterized in that: (1) Accurately measuring the adiabatic temperature rise of the battery in each stage of the state of charge, and drawing a battery temperature rise and SOC state of charge curve; (2) Calculating the tangent slope of each point on the curve by using origin software, namely the temperature rise rate, and drawing a temperature rise rate and SOC (state of charge) curve; (3) And placing the temperature rise rate and the SOC state-of-charge curve of each stage in the same coordinate system to obtain an adiabatic temperature rise rate curve of the battery in the full discharge process. The invention avoids the situation of thermal runaway of the battery caused by heat accumulation in the heat-insulating environment, truly reflects the situation of heat-insulating temperature rise of the battery in the full-discharge process, and avoids explosion of the battery caused by the thermal runaway.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of battery testing, and particularly relates to a method for testing the adiabatic temperature rise rate of a battery.
Background
The battery is widely applied to the fields of mobile phones, computers, video cameras, electric tools, electric vehicles, backup power supplies (UPS), pulse power supplies, power grid peak shaving, starting power supplies, hybrid vehicles and the like. With the continuous expansion of battery application fields, the battery safety problem becomes more and more prominent. The adiabatic temperature rise condition of the battery in the discharging process is measured, and whether the battery system, the design structure and the like meet the safety requirements can be judged.
At present, the adiabatic temperature rise test method in the battery discharge process generally comprises the following steps: and placing the fully charged battery in an adiabatic calorimeter to start discharging until the battery discharging is finished so as to achieve the purpose of checking the performance of the battery. Because the whole discharging process has no control stage, heat is accumulated continuously along with the discharging, the temperature of the battery is increased, when the temperature is increased to 90-120 ℃, the thermal runaway of the battery is caused, the battery is damaged or even exploded, the test is forced to be terminated, and the danger caused by the battery test is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for testing the adiabatic temperature rise rate of a battery, which aims to solve the technical problems in the prior art, wherein the heat generated by the battery is controllable in the process of testing the adiabatic temperature rise rate of the battery, the tested battery cannot explode due to thermal runaway, and the test result can accurately judge whether a battery system and a design structure meet the safety requirement.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for testing the adiabatic temperature rise rate of a battery comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of measuring adiabatic temperature rise rate of each charge state of the battery in an adiabatic calorimeter, and summarizing the temperature rise rate of each charge state to obtain the adiabatic temperature rise rate of the battery in the whole discharging process, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Discharging the battery with the charge state of 100% in an adiabatic environment;
(2) Selecting a test stopping temperature according to the type of the battery;
(3) Drawing a temperature rise curve and a temperature rise rate curve;
(4) Judging a thermal runaway starting point according to a temperature rise curve;
(5) And determining the charge state of the test battery in the next stage according to the thermal runaway starting point.
(6) When the battery is discharged to cut-off voltage, if the thermal runaway point does not appear in the process, the test is finished;
(7) And (3) placing the temperature rise rate curves of the stages in the process in the same coordinate system to obtain an adiabatic temperature rise rate curve of the battery in the full discharge process.
The invention can also adopt the following technical scheme:
the battery comprises a lead-acid battery, a hydrogen-nickel battery, a cadmium-nickel battery, a zinc-manganese battery, a lithium ion battery, a lithium primary battery and the like.
The adiabatic calorimeter model is as follows: SYS-999.
The invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
the invention finds out the stage thermal runaway by adopting the battery stage discharge; selecting a battery initial charge state and a test termination condition, accurately measuring the adiabatic temperature rise of the battery in each stage of charge state, and drawing a battery temperature rise and charge State (SOC) curve; calculating the tangent slope of each point on the curve by using origin software, namely the temperature rise rate, and drawing a temperature rise rate and state of charge (SOC) curve; finally, placing the temperature rise rate and a state of charge (SOC) curve of each stage in the same coordinate system to obtain an adiabatic temperature rise rate curve of the battery in the full discharge process; the situation that thermal runaway of the battery is caused by heat accumulation in an adiabatic environment is avoided, the situation of adiabatic temperature rise rate of the battery in the full discharge process is truly reflected, explosion of the battery caused by thermal runaway is avoided, and the safety of the battery to be tested is ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph of adiabatic temperature rise rate versus state of charge of a battery during full discharge as measured by a battery adiabatic temperature rise test method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph of temperature rise versus state of charge measured for discharging to 80% SOC using the present invention under 100% SOC conditions;
FIG. 3 is a graph of temperature rise rate versus state of charge measured by discharging to 80% SOC using the present invention under 100% SOC conditions of a battery;
FIG. 4 is a graph of temperature rise versus state of charge measured by discharging to 45% SOC using the present invention under 80% SOC conditions of a battery;
FIG. 5 is a graph of rate of temperature rise versus state of charge measured by discharging to 45% SOC using the present invention under 80% SOC conditions of a battery;
FIG. 6 is a graph of temperature rise versus state of charge measured for discharging to 20% SOC using the present invention under conditions wherein the cell 45% SOC is achieved;
FIG. 7 is a temperature rise rate versus state of charge measured by discharging to 20% SOC under the battery 45% SOC conditions, using the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a graph of temperature rise versus state of charge measured when discharging a battery 20% SOC condition using the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a graph of temperature rise rate versus state of charge measured when discharging to an end voltage under cell 20% SOC conditions using the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to further understand the contents, features and effects of the present invention, the following embodiments are illustrated and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings:
a method for testing the adiabatic temperature rise rate of a battery comprises the following steps: the adiabatic temperature rise rate of the battery in the whole discharging process is obtained by measuring the adiabatic temperature rise rate of the battery in each charge state in an adiabatic calorimeter and summarizing the temperature rise rate of each charge state, and the method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Discharging the battery with the charge state of 100% in an adiabatic environment;
(2) Selecting a test stopping temperature according to the type of the battery;
(3) Drawing a temperature rise curve and a temperature rise rate curve;
(4) Judging a thermal runaway starting point according to the temperature rise curve;
(5) And determining the charge state of the test battery in the next stage according to the thermal runaway starting point.
(6) When the battery is discharged to cut-off voltage, if the thermal runaway point does not appear in the process, the test is finished;
(7) And (3) placing the temperature rise rate curves of all the stages in the process in the same coordinate system to obtain an adiabatic temperature rise rate curve of the battery in the full discharge process.
The battery comprises a lead-acid battery, a hydrogen-nickel battery, a cadmium-nickel battery, a zinc-manganese battery, a lithium ion battery, a lithium primary battery and the like.
The adiabatic calorimeter model is as follows: SYS-999.
Examples
(1) Placing a 18650 type lithium ion battery with a charge state of 100% in an adiabatic calorimeter with a temperature of 25 ℃ and a model of SYS-999, discharging the battery by using a charge-discharge instrument, and adjusting the current value to be 0.5-1.5A; when the adiabatic calorimeter shows that the temperature of the battery reaches 85 ℃, the thermal runaway point of the battery is taken; closing the charge-discharge instrument and stopping discharging the battery; opening the adiabatic calorimeter, and naturally cooling the battery to room temperature; measuring the battery state of charge by using the battery discharge time recorded by the charge and discharge instrument, and the battery temperature rise value recorded by the adiabatic calorimeter, and plotting a curve of the battery temperature rise and the battery state of charge when the battery is discharged under the condition of 100 percent SOC and the temperature reaches 85 ℃, as shown in FIG. 2; the tangent slope at each point on the curve was calculated using origin software and the curve was plotted for the rate of temperature rise of the cell at 85 ℃ versus the state of charge of the cell at 100% SOC discharge, as shown in FIG. 3; determining 80% SOC of the battery as a thermal runaway starting point of discharge of the battery with a state of charge of 100%; completing the process that the temperature reaches the thermal runaway point when the battery is discharged at the state of charge of 100%;
(2) Placing a lithium ion battery with the charge state of 80% after discharging in an adiabatic calorimeter with the temperature of 25 ℃ and the model of SYS-999, discharging the battery by using a charge-discharge instrument, and adjusting the current value to be 0.5A-1.5A; when the adiabatic calorimeter shows that the temperature of the battery reaches 85 ℃, the thermal runaway point of the battery is taken; closing the charge-discharge instrument and stopping discharging the battery; opening the adiabatic calorimeter, and naturally cooling the battery to room temperature; measuring the state of charge of the battery using the battery discharge time recorded by the charge and discharge instrument, and the battery temperature rise value recorded by the adiabatic calorimeter, plotting a curve of the temperature rise of the battery when the battery is discharged at 80% SOC and the temperature reaches 85 ℃ versus the state of charge of the battery, as shown in FIG. 4; the tangent slope at each point on the curve was calculated using origin software and the curve was plotted for the rate of temperature rise of the cell at 85 ℃ versus the state of charge of the cell at 80% SOC, as shown in FIG. 5; determining 45% SOC of the battery as a thermal runaway starting point for battery discharge having a state of charge of 80%; completing the process that the temperature reaches the thermal runaway point when the battery is discharged at the state of charge of 80%;
(3) Placing the lithium ion battery with the charge state of 45% after the discharge in the step (2) in an adiabatic calorimeter with the temperature of 25 ℃ and the model of SYS-999, discharging the battery by using a charge-discharge instrument, and adjusting the current value to be 0.5A-1.5A; when the adiabatic calorimeter shows that the temperature of the battery reaches 85 ℃, the thermal runaway point of the battery is taken; closing the charge-discharge instrument and stopping discharging the battery; opening the adiabatic calorimeter, and naturally cooling the battery to room temperature; measuring the state of charge of the battery using the battery discharge time recorded by the charge and discharge meter, and the battery temperature rise value recorded by the adiabatic calorimeter, plotting a curve of the temperature rise of the battery when the battery is discharged at 45% SOC and the temperature reaches 85 ℃ versus the state of charge of the battery, as shown in FIG. 6; the tangent slope at each point on the curve was calculated using origin software and the curve was plotted for the rate of temperature rise of the cell at 85 ℃ versus the state of charge of the cell at 45% soc, as shown in fig. 7; determining 20% SOC of the battery as a thermal runaway starting point for battery discharge with a state of charge of 45%; completing the process that the temperature reaches the thermal runaway point when the battery is discharged at the state of charge of 100%;
(4) Placing the lithium ion battery with the charge state of 20% after the discharge in the step (3) in an adiabatic calorimeter with the temperature of 25 ℃ and the model of SYS-999, discharging the battery by using a charge-discharge instrument, and adjusting the current value to be 0.5A-1.5A; after the battery is discharged to the termination voltage of 1.5V, the temperature still does not reach 85 ℃, and the whole testing process is finished; closing the charge-discharge instrument and stopping discharging the battery; opening the adiabatic calorimeter, and naturally cooling the battery to room temperature; measuring the state of charge of the battery using the battery discharge time recorded by the charge/discharge meter, and the temperature rise value of the battery recorded by the adiabatic calorimeter, and plotting a curve of the temperature rise of the battery versus the state of charge of the battery when the battery is discharged to the end voltage of 1.5V under the condition of 20% SOC, as shown in FIG. 8; the tangent slope at each point on the curve was calculated using origin software and then plotted as the rate of temperature rise of the cell versus the state of charge of the cell at 20% SOC discharge to 1.5V end point, as shown in FIG. 9; the test process ends.
(5) The 4 temperature rise rate and state of charge curve diagrams 3, 5, 7 and 9 obtained in the above process are placed in the same coordinate system, and the adiabatic temperature rise rate curve diagram of the lithium ion battery full discharge process of the invention shown in fig. 1 is obtained.
Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, which are merely illustrative and not restrictive, and those skilled in the art can make many modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (3)
1. A method for testing the adiabatic temperature rise rate of a battery comprises the following steps: the adiabatic temperature rise rate of each state of charge of the battery is measured in an adiabatic calorimeter, and the adiabatic temperature rise rate of the battery in the whole discharging process is obtained through the summary of the temperature rise rates of the states of charge, and the method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Discharging the battery with the charge state of 100% in an adiabatic environment;
(2) Selecting a test stopping temperature according to the type of the battery;
(3) Drawing a temperature rise curve and a temperature rise rate curve;
(4) Judging a thermal runaway starting point according to a temperature rise curve;
(5) And determining the charge state of the test battery in the next stage according to the thermal runaway starting point.
(6) When the battery is discharged to cut-off voltage, if the thermal runaway point does not appear in the process, the test is finished;
(7) And (3) placing the temperature rise rate curves of all the stages in the process in the same coordinate system to obtain an adiabatic temperature rise rate curve of the battery in the full discharge process.
2. The method for testing the adiabatic temperature rise of the battery according to claim 1, wherein: the battery comprises a lead-acid battery, a hydrogen-nickel battery, a cadmium-nickel battery, a zinc-manganese battery, a lithium ion battery, a lithium primary battery and the like.
3. The method for testing the adiabatic temperature rise of the battery according to claim 1, wherein: the adiabatic calorimeter model is as follows: SYS-999.
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| CN201310729273.5A CN104730464B (en) | 2013-12-18 | 2013-12-18 | Method for testing adiabatic temperature rise rate of battery |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107015154A (en) * | 2017-03-23 | 2017-08-04 | 重庆工程职业技术学院 | A kind of method of accurate measurement battery capacity |
| CN108344946A (en) * | 2017-01-22 | 2018-07-31 | 中国科学院空间应用工程与技术中心 | Battery-heating weight testing method and battery-heating amount test device |
| CN108446434A (en) * | 2018-02-07 | 2018-08-24 | 清华大学 | Prediction technique, device and the computer readable storage medium of power battery thermal runaway safety |
| WO2018166122A1 (en) * | 2017-03-13 | 2018-09-20 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Battery failure preventing cut-off system applied to electric bus |
| CN104730464B (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2019-07-09 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十八研究所 | Method for testing adiabatic temperature rise rate of battery |
| CN110988705A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-04-10 | 清华大学 | Method for testing reliability of thermal insulation material of battery module and verification method |
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| CN104730464B (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2019-07-09 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十八研究所 | Method for testing adiabatic temperature rise rate of battery |
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| EP0731547A1 (en) * | 1995-03-09 | 1996-09-11 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method for compensating the influence of ambient temperature on the "temperature gradient" shut-off criteria when quick charging batteries |
| CN1581566A (en) * | 2003-08-08 | 2005-02-16 | 北京有色金属研究院 | Secondary cell temperature controlled charging method |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104730464B (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2019-07-09 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十八研究所 | Method for testing adiabatic temperature rise rate of battery |
| CN108344946A (en) * | 2017-01-22 | 2018-07-31 | 中国科学院空间应用工程与技术中心 | Battery-heating weight testing method and battery-heating amount test device |
| CN108344946B (en) * | 2017-01-22 | 2023-12-15 | 中国科学院空间应用工程与技术中心 | Battery heating value testing method and battery heating value testing device |
| WO2018166122A1 (en) * | 2017-03-13 | 2018-09-20 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Battery failure preventing cut-off system applied to electric bus |
| CN107015154A (en) * | 2017-03-23 | 2017-08-04 | 重庆工程职业技术学院 | A kind of method of accurate measurement battery capacity |
| CN107015154B (en) * | 2017-03-23 | 2019-06-07 | 重庆工程职业技术学院 | A kind of method of accurate measurement battery capacity |
| CN108446434A (en) * | 2018-02-07 | 2018-08-24 | 清华大学 | Prediction technique, device and the computer readable storage medium of power battery thermal runaway safety |
| CN110988705A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-04-10 | 清华大学 | Method for testing reliability of thermal insulation material of battery module and verification method |
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| CN104730464B (en) | 2019-07-09 |
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