CN104715472A - Automatic lithologic body tracking method based on mathematical morphology - Google Patents
Automatic lithologic body tracking method based on mathematical morphology Download PDFInfo
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- CN104715472A CN104715472A CN201410154418.8A CN201410154418A CN104715472A CN 104715472 A CN104715472 A CN 104715472A CN 201410154418 A CN201410154418 A CN 201410154418A CN 104715472 A CN104715472 A CN 104715472A
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Abstract
The invention provides an automatic lithologic body tracking method based on mathematical morphology. The method includes the steps of firstly, selecting a seismic attribute body used for automatically tracking a lithologic body, and conducting data screening; secondly, detecting spatial position information of reserved data points after data screening ends, and conducting sand body classifying and numbering on the data points; thirdly, processing boundaries of the sand bodies, processed in the second step, through open operation, and breaking narrow passageways between every two bonded sand bodies so that the sand bodies can be separated; fourthly, correspondingly using the sand bodies processed through open operation for conducting classifying and numbering again according to setting of the size of the minimum sand body. According to the automatic lithologic body tracking method based on mathematical morphology, open operation in mathematical morphology is added on the basis of a traditional automatic tracking algorithm; by means of an operation method that expansion is conducted after corrosion, the outer edge of the lithologic body is extracted, noise of the boundary of the lithologic body is filtered out, and therefore the bonding problem of the lithologic body is solved, and the automatic tracking result is optimized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to oil exploration technology field, particularly relate to a kind of lithologic body method for automatic tracking based on mathematical morphology.
Background technology
Along with the raising of degree of prospecting, thin interbed, little sand body, narrow river course etc. have become exploration object important at present, and the overall exploration deployment of zone needs the comprehensive description prediction of multilayer system, polymorphic type, interior small-scale lithologic body on a large scale.The manual interpretation workload of lithologic body is huge on a small scale, existing method for automatic tracking realizes the automatic tracing of lithologic body mainly through the property value retained in certain limit, owing to there is no constraint condition in tracing process, be easy to occur to go here and there up and down the problem that layer, lithologic body border stick to each other, thus have impact on the extraction of each lithologic body decryption, need geological personnel to cost a lot of money energy correction.
Traditional seismic interpretation method is based on craft, current exploration object turns to lithologic trap gradually, workload is manually described to little sand bodies such as channel sand, turbidite, sand-conglomerate body huge, and the comprehensive description prediction that the overall exploration deployment of zone needs this multilayer system polymorphic type interior on a large scale.Although current main interpretation software and three-dimensional visualization software also have autotrace, but its method is the amplitude or other attribute threshold values by retaining certain limit to be realized, do not use other constraint means, meanwhile, do not realize the delineation extraction work of single lithologic body yet.Therefore, in current practical study work, the interpretation work of single sand body is still interpreted as master with manual, do not have the autotrace of application software, and the inter-adhesive phenomenon of multiple sand body likely appears in the result of following the trail of.We have invented a kind of lithologic body method for automatic tracking based on mathematical morphology newly for this reason, solve above technical matters.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of automatic tracing for small-scale lithologic body to explain, improve accuracy rate and the integrality of little sand body description, greatly save the interpretation time of geological research personnel, improve the lithologic body method for automatic tracking based on mathematical morphology of exploration deployment quality and benefits.
Object of the present invention realizes by following technical measures: based on the lithologic body method for automatic tracking of mathematical morphology, should comprise based on the lithologic body method for automatic tracking of mathematical morphology: step 1, choose the earthquake attribute volume for lithologic body automatic tracing, and carry out data screening; Step 2, after data screening terminates, detect the spatial positional information of the data point remained, sand body classification is carried out to these data points, according to the scale of lithologic body, the size of minimum sand body is set, when the data point number that sand body comprises is greater than the minimum sand body size of setting, retains this sand body and it is numbered; Step 3, the sand body border obtained after utilizing opening operation to process step 2 processes, and disconnects the narrow passage between two adhesion sand bodies, realizes the separation of sand body; And step 4, according to the setting of sand body size minimum in step 2, numbering is reclassified to the sand body obtained after the process of application opening operation.
Object of the present invention also realizes by following technical measures:
In step 1, for the rock electroshock feature of target lithologic body, select itself and country rock to there is the earthquake attribute volume of notable difference, comprise seismic data volume, wave impedance inversion body.
When the earthquake attribute volume chosen is wave impedance inversion body, according to the corresponding relation of sand body and resistance value, choose certain threshold value to impedance attribute body and screen, the data in threshold value are considered to sand body thus remain, and remainder data is deleted.
In step 2, from a data point, front, back, left, right, up, down six direction is checked, if also there is the data point met the demands in neighborhood, then continue to follow the trail of centered by this puts, until the point do not satisfied condition, these data points above-mentioned are divided into a sand body, when the data point number that this sand body comprises is greater than the minimum sand body size of setting, retain this sand body, and it is numbered, otherwise, above-mentioned data point is deleted; Then process is next does not have tested data point, until all data points are carried out classification and the numbering of sand body.
In step 3, carrying out opening operation is the process of first carrying out corroding rear expansion, and the result of corrosion is the narrow passage existed in fragmentary picture, and expansion is merged in this image by all background dots contacted with target image, the little gap in effective blank map picture.
After also should being included in step 4 based on the lithologic body method for automatic tracking of mathematical morphology, exported the end face of automatic tracing sand body, bottom surface interpretation results and thickness results.
The lithologic body method for automatic tracking based on mathematical morphology in the present invention, the automatic tracing being mainly used in the small-scale lithologic body of post-stack seismic data and various seismic attributes data is explained, this technology is interpreted as goal in research with little sand body, the opening operation introduced in mathematical morphology is expanded in tracing algorithm flow process in order at lithologic body three dimensions, in this, as the constraint controlled condition of lithologic body automatic tracing, the separating treatment of adhesion lithologic body is achieved by the operational method of first corroding rear expansion, extract lithologic body outward flange, and filter the noise on its border, thus solve lithologic body adhesion problems, optimize accuracy rate and integrality that automatic tracing result effectively improves little sand body description, significantly reduce the labour intensity of geological personnel.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of a specific embodiment of the lithologic body method for automatic tracking based on mathematical morphology of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the original image in a specific embodiment of the present invention;
Structural element is utilized to carry out the schematic diagram of the process of corroding in Fig. 3 specific embodiment of the present invention;
Structural element is utilized to carry out the schematic diagram of the result of corroding in Fig. 4 specific embodiment of the present invention;
The schematic diagram of the process of opening operation in Fig. 5 specific embodiment of the present invention;
The schematic diagram of the result of opening operation in Fig. 6 specific embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
For making above and other object of the present invention, feature and advantage can become apparent, cited below particularly go out preferred embodiment, and coordinate institute's accompanying drawings, be described in detail below.
As shown in Figure 1, Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of the lithologic body method for automatic tracking based on mathematical morphology of the present invention.
In step 101, choose the earthquake attribute volume for lithologic body automatic tracing.For the rock electroshock feature of target lithologic body, selecting itself and country rock to there is the attribute volume of notable difference, can be seismic data volume, wave impedance inversion body etc.The present invention is for wave impedance inversion body, and according to the corresponding relation of sand body and resistance value, choose certain threshold value to impedance attribute body and screen, the data in threshold value are considered to sand body thus remain, and remainder data is deleted.Flow process enters into step 102.
In step 102, after data screening terminates, need the spatial positional information detecting the data point remained, sand body classification and numbering are carried out to these data points.Specific practice is: from a data point, front, back, left, right, up, down six direction is checked (Face pattern, 6 points), if also there is the data point met the demands in neighborhood, then continue to follow the trail of centered by this puts, until the point do not satisfied condition, these data points above-mentioned are divided into a sand body, when the data point number that this sand body comprises is greater than the minimum sand body size of setting, retain this sand body, and it is numbered, otherwise, above-mentioned data point is deleted.Then process is next does not have tested data point, until all data points are carried out classification and the numbering of sand body.Flow process enters into step 103.
In step 103, be incorporated in the middle of sand body automatic tracing process by the opening operation in mathematical morphology first, the sand body border obtained after utilizing opening operation to process step 102 processes, and disconnects the narrow passage between two adhesion sand bodies, realizes the separation of sand body.For the image shown in Fig. 2, regarded as two sand bodies sticked to each other by narrow passage.Opening operation is actually the process of first carrying out corroding rear expansion, Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of corrosion process, dotted line in figure is processed image A, circle in figure is the structural element of 3 × 3, with the pixel comparison singly on the central point of this structural element and A, if pixels all on this structural element is all in the scope of A, then this pixel retains, otherwise removes.The pixel set retained is exactly the result of corrosion, and as shown in Figure 4, the result of corrosion is the narrow passage that can exist in fragmentary picture.Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of expansion process on the basis of erosion operation result, dotted line in figure is the result that image A obtains through corrosion treatment, with the some comparison singly on the central point of 3 × 3 structural elements and dotted line, if this structural element there is a point fall in the scope of dotted line, then this point is retained, the set of all retention point is exactly the result expanded, as shown in Figure 6, the all background dots contacted with target image can be merged in this image by expansion, the little gap in effective blank map picture.Flow process enters into step 104.
In step 104, according to the setting of minimum sand body size, numbering is reclassified, course synchronization rapid 102 to the sand body obtained after the process of application opening operation.Flow process enters into step 105.
In step 105, after sandstone tracing step 104 terminates, the end face of automatic tracing sand body, bottom surface interpretation results and thickness results can be exported.Flow process terminates.
The lithologic body method for automatic tracking based on mathematical morphology in the present invention, the opening operation introduced in mathematical morphology is expanded in tracing algorithm flow process in order at lithologic body three dimensions, the separating treatment of adhesion lithologic body is achieved by the operational method of first corroding rear expansion, optimize automatic tracing result, the accuracy rate of the little sand body description of effective raising and integrality, significantly reduce the labour intensity of geological personnel.
Claims (6)
1. based on the lithologic body method for automatic tracking of mathematical morphology, it is characterized in that, should comprise based on the lithologic body method for automatic tracking of mathematical morphology:
Step 1, chooses the earthquake attribute volume for lithologic body automatic tracing, and carries out data screening;
Step 2, after data screening terminates, detect the spatial positional information of the data point remained, sand body classification is carried out to these data points, according to the scale of lithologic body, the size of minimum sand body is set, when the data point number that sand body comprises is greater than the minimum sand body size of setting, retains this sand body and it is numbered;
Step 3, the sand body border obtained after utilizing opening operation to process step 2 processes, and disconnects the narrow passage between two adhesion sand bodies, realizes the separation of sand body; And
Step 4, according to the setting of sand body size minimum in step 2, reclassifies numbering to the sand body obtained after the process of application opening operation.
2. the lithologic body method for automatic tracking based on mathematical morphology according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step 1, for the rock electroshock feature of target lithologic body, select itself and country rock to there is the earthquake attribute volume of notable difference, comprise seismic data volume, wave impedance inversion body.
3. the lithologic body method for automatic tracking based on mathematical morphology according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, when the earthquake attribute volume chosen is wave impedance inversion body, according to the corresponding relation of sand body and resistance value, choose certain threshold value to impedance attribute body to screen, data in threshold value are considered to sand body thus remain, and remainder data is deleted.
4. the lithologic body method for automatic tracking based on mathematical morphology according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step 2, from a data point, to front, after, left, right, on, lower six direction checks, if also there is the data point met the demands in neighborhood, then continue to follow the trail of centered by this puts, until the point do not satisfied condition, these data points above-mentioned are divided into a sand body, when the data point number that this sand body comprises is greater than the minimum sand body size of setting, retain this sand body, and it is numbered, otherwise, above-mentioned data point is deleted, then process is next does not have tested data point, until all data points are carried out classification and the numbering of sand body.
5. the lithologic body method for automatic tracking based on mathematical morphology according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step 3, carrying out opening operation is the process of first carrying out corroding rear expansion, the result of corrosion is the narrow passage existed in fragmentary picture, expansion is merged in this image by all background dots contacted with target image, the little gap in effective blank map picture.
6. the lithologic body method for automatic tracking based on mathematical morphology according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, after also should being included in step 4 based on the lithologic body method for automatic tracking of mathematical morphology, exported the end face of automatic tracing sand body, bottom surface interpretation results and thickness results.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109948291A (en) * | 2019-04-01 | 2019-06-28 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of discontinuous boundary line direction-adaptive recognition methods of sand body |
| CN112255673A (en) * | 2020-09-27 | 2021-01-22 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Sand body top interface automatic tracking method based on seismic inversion |
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| JP2009085995A (en) * | 2007-09-27 | 2009-04-23 | Canon Inc | Printer controller |
| CN103513278A (en) * | 2012-06-19 | 2014-01-15 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for reservoir prediction by utilizing thickness of seismic wave group |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109948291A (en) * | 2019-04-01 | 2019-06-28 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of discontinuous boundary line direction-adaptive recognition methods of sand body |
| CN112255673A (en) * | 2020-09-27 | 2021-01-22 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Sand body top interface automatic tracking method based on seismic inversion |
| CN112255673B (en) * | 2020-09-27 | 2024-03-26 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Sand body top interface automatic tracking method based on seismic inversion |
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Application publication date: 20150617 |