CN104712338A - Thick seam fully-mechanized caving faces double-layer hard-and-thick strata advance presplitting method - Google Patents
Thick seam fully-mechanized caving faces double-layer hard-and-thick strata advance presplitting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104712338A CN104712338A CN201510019896.2A CN201510019896A CN104712338A CN 104712338 A CN104712338 A CN 104712338A CN 201510019896 A CN201510019896 A CN 201510019896A CN 104712338 A CN104712338 A CN 104712338A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 98
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 41
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000004035 construction material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000013467 fragmentation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000006062 fragmentation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007634 remodeling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C37/00—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading
- E21C37/06—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading by making use of hydraulic or pneumatic pressure in a borehole
- E21C37/12—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading by making use of hydraulic or pneumatic pressure in a borehole by injecting into the borehole a liquid, either initially at high pressure or subsequently subjected to high pressure, e.g. by pulses, by explosive cartridges acting on the liquid
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
- F42D3/04—Particular applications of blasting techniques for rock blasting
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a thick seam fully-mechanized caving faces double-layer hard-and-thick strata advance presplitting method, which relates to the technical field of coal mine safety. According to the invention, a presplitting mode of double-layer hard-and-thick strata low fragmentation, high fracture, hydraulic fracturing and mine pressure refracturing is designed, problem of difficult inbreak of the double-layer hard-and-thick strata can be solved, construction material consumption is less, engineering work load is less, manpower and material resources can be saved, production cost is reduced, enforcement effect is obvious, and the method has high practical application value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of mine safety, specifically a kind of high seam fully mechanized coal face double-deck hard thick rock stratum Advance presplitting method.
Background technology
China's condition of coal seam occurrence is complicated, the coal seam belonging to tight roof accounts for about 1/3rd, and be distributed in the mining area of more than 50%, along with the development of comprehensive mechanical coal mining technology, have the fully-mechanized mining working of 38% to belong to come the strong tight roof of pressure, the large area outstanding dew characteristic of tight roof brings severe challenge to Mine Safety in Production.
The mechanical property many employings water filling in the past changing competent bed weakens top board, by the pressure break of water and softening, reduces rock mass strength and integrality, reaches the object of the easy inbreak of top board.But it is low that water filling also exists efficiency at present, the shortcomings such as some top board bating effect difference, improve efficiency, minimizing engineering quantity that water filling weakens top board, reduce the emphasis that water filling cost etc. is research and development water flood.
The integrality that blasting procedure caving destroys rock mass is a kind of feasible top board processing method, pre-explosion before wherein adopting, interference stoping work is less, but explosive energy dissipating is very large, and cost is higher, and particularly a large amount of explosives is in underground blasting, seriously polluted, the position of explosion is selected in top board tensile stress maximum region and the water component position that will control by the development from now on of this method, thus reduces borehole engineering amount and explosive consumption, reduces top board processing cost.Adopt shallow bore hole circulation caving and pace type Method With Longhole Roof Caving in rear explosion, interference stoping work, affects back production progress, is unfavorable for the mechanization production of high-yield and high-efficiency.
Although break in two lanes, top method does not affect stope production, and for the top board that some integrality is strong, caving effect is poor, and this method coordinates strong hydraulic support, still has certain scope of application, its essence is based on the control of high-drag support, and the disconnected top of explosion is for catching.And from taking the disconnected top of pace type under certain conditions, namely in the water component that support can bear, shape deep hole of fanning, the disconnected top of explosion, force top board by step pitch inbreak.
In the past to the effect of all single dependence water under high pressure of the process of tight roof or explosive, and do not consider the main pressure break effect of mine pressure to presplitting rock stratum, thus under equal regulation effect, engineering quantity is large, material cost is high.
Summary of the invention
For solving the technical problem of above-mentioned existence, the invention provides a kind of high seam fully mechanized coal face double-deck hard thick rock stratum Advance presplitting method, with working face mining lead abutment pressure for major contributor, on the basis utilizing explosive hard thick rock stratum presplit blasting process to high-low position, be aided with the high pressure water injection fracturing in presplitting crack, compared with the hard thick strata control method of routine, there is the advantage that engineering quantity is little, material consumption is few, implementation result is good.
A kind of high seam fully mechanized coal face double-deck hard thick rock stratum Advance presplitting method, is realized by following steps:
1) according to work plane covering hard thick rock stratum support conditions, calculating hard thick rock stratum breaking span, determining circulation explosive distance;
2) according to explosive property parameter and hard thick rock stratum physical and mechanical parameter, calculate blasting crack district scope, determine steel for shot parameter;
3), in work plane air intake lane and tailentry, in the hard thick rock stratum of low level, arrange fan-shaped rotary big gun hole along stope direction of propulsion, presplit blasting is carried out to the hard thick rock stratum of low level;
4) in work plane air intake lane and tailentry, in the hard thick rock stratum of a high position, arrange that trend blocks hole, be freely-supported supporting or free support condition by the boundary supports condition setting of hard for a high position thick rock stratum, carry out cracked to the hard thick rock stratum of a high position;
5) after the hard thick rock stratum presplit blasting of low level, select the fan-shaped rotary big gun hole of the hard thick rock stratum of low level as high pressure water injection hole, carry out high pressure water injection, further pressure break rock mass, expand the scope of rock crack development area.
In step 3), line at the bottom of hole, fan-shaped rotary big gun hole and top board natural fracture half O-X break and enclose triangle arc plate fissure zone and distribute basically identical.
The presplit blasting of the hard thick rock stratum of low level described in step 3) needs to stay the topping establishing 2-3 rice.
In step 4), trend blocks the hard Hou Yan top that to attain to a high place at the bottom of hole, big gun hole, blocks corresponding high-order hard thick rock stratum, big gun hole part carry out powder charge and controlled loading of explosive amount is no more than 60% of big gun hole length in trend.
The water injection pressure of step 5) mesohigh water injection hole is not less than 10Mpa, and single hole water injection time is not less than 60min.
Step 3), 4), 5) in the hard thick rock stratum explosion presplitting of high-low position and high pressure water injection all carry out beyond bearing pressure peak ranges.
The present invention devises the presplitting pattern of cracked, the high-order fracture of double-deck hard thick rock stratum low level, hydrofracturing, mine pressure fracturing quaternity again, by determining ahead work face bearing pressure scope, beyond bearing pressure scope, presplit blasting is implemented to hard thick rock stratum double-deck above high seam, realize effective inbreak of roof; By hard thick rock stratum breaking span under calculating different boundary support conditions, determine rational presplit blasting step pitch; Along work plane air intake lane and return airway, in the hard thick rock stratum of low level, arranging fan-shaped rotary big gun hole to advance of the face direction, realizing effective fragmentation of end, low level hard thick rock stratum, with adopting with emitting; Along work plane air intake lane and return airway, arrange that trend is blocked hole and blocked explosion to the hard thick rock stratum enforcement kerve of a high position, change the support conditions of high-order hard thick rock stratum, the effective revolution realizing high-order hard thick rock stratum is ruptured; High pressure water injection is implemented to presplitting deep hole after explosion, utilizes high hydraulic pressure to the further fracturing in quick-fried raw crack; Presplit blasting and high pressure water injection are all implemented beyond bearing pressure peak region, realize presplitting and hydraulic pressure crack further expanding under Action of Fixed Abutment Pressure, the real problem solving double-deck hard thick rock stratum and be difficult to inbreak, construction material consumption is few, engineering quantity is little, uses manpower and material resources sparingly, and reduces cost of production, implementation result is remarkable, is of very high actual application value.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 rock stratum O-X type is disrumpent feelings form schematic diagram;
The cracked explosion schematic diagram in the hard thick rock stratum of Fig. 2 low level;
Fig. 3 high-order hard thick rock stratum kerve blocks explosion generalized section;
Fig. 4 high-order hard thick rock stratum kerve blocks blasting hole plane of arrangement schematic diagram;
The hard thick rock stratum presplitting big gun hole high pressure of Fig. 5 low level water filling schematic diagram again.
Detailed description of the invention
As Figure 1-5, this high seam fully mechanized coal face double-deck hard thick rock stratum Advance presplitting method, realizes as follows:
1) according to work plane covering hard thick rock stratum support conditions, calculating hard thick rock stratum breaking span, determining circulation explosive distance;
2) according to explosive property parameter and hard thick rock stratum physical and mechanical parameter, calculate blasting crack district scope, determine steel for shot parameter;
3), in work plane air intake lane 1 and return airway 2, in the hard thick rock stratum 6 of low level, arrange fan-shaped rotary big gun hole 4 along work plane 3 direction of propulsion, presplit blasting is carried out to the hard thick rock stratum 6 of low level;
4), in work plane air intake lane 1 and return airway 2, in the hard thick rock stratum 7 of a high position, arrange that trend blocks hole 5, be freely-supported supporting or free support condition by the boundary supports condition setting of hard for a high position thick rock stratum 7, carry out cracked to the hard thick rock stratum 7 of a high position;
5) after hard thick rock stratum 6 presplit blasting of low level, select the fan-shaped rotary big gun hole 4 of the hard thick rock stratum 6 of low level as high pressure water injection hole 8, carry out high pressure water injection, further pressure break rock mass, expand the scope of rock crack development area.
As preferred mode, in step 3), line and top board natural fracture half O-X at the bottom of hole, fan-shaped rotary big gun hole 4 break and enclose triangle arc plate fissure zone and distribute basically identical.
As preferred mode, the presplit blasting of the hard thick rock stratum 6 of low level described in step 3) needs to stay the topping establishing 2-3 rice.
As preferred mode, in step 4), trend blocks hard thick rock 7 top that to attain to a high place at the bottom of hole, big gun hole 5, blocks corresponding high-order hard thick rock stratum 7, big gun hole 5 part carry out powder charge and controlled loading of explosive amount is no more than 60% of big gun hole length in trend.
As preferred mode, the water injection pressure of step 5) mesohigh water injection hole 8 is not less than 10Mpa, and single hole water injection time is not less than 60min.
As preferred mode, step 3), 4), 5) in the hard thick rock stratum explosion presplitting of high-low position and high pressure water injection all carry out beyond bearing pressure peak ranges.
Describe the present invention below in conjunction with specific embodiment, a kind of high seam fully mechanized coal face double-deck hard thick rock stratum Advance presplitting method that the present invention sets forth, realizes especially by following steps:
(1) according to bilayer hard thick rock stratum physical and mechanical parameter, judge whether double-deck hard thick rock stratum is synchronized with the movement by following formula, different according to stope 3 covering hard thick rock stratum support conditions, calculate the breaking span of double-deck hard thick rock stratum, according to the rock stratum breaking span of theory calculate, select 1/3 ~ 1/4 of the theoretical breaking span in low level rock stratum as circulation explosive distance.
(2) according to explosive property parameter and hard thick rock stratum physical and mechanical parameter, calculate blasting crack district scope, determine steel for shot parameter;
(3) arrange that in work plane air intake lane 1 and tailentry 24 pairs, fan-shaped rotary big gun hole end regions top board carries out weakening blast overhead caving, the direction of propulsion of stope 3 is pointed in the hard thick rock stratum 6 presplit blasting fan-shaped rotary big gun hole 4 of low level, line at the bottom of preferably apertures and top board natural fracture half O-X break and enclose triangle arc plate fissure zone and distribute basically identical, carry out cracked to the hard thick rock stratum 6 of low level, construction working carries out in work plane air intake lane 1 and tailentry 2 simultaneously, also needs to arrange that presplitting deep hole carries out disconnected top to stope 3 central region top board.
Presplit blasting must ensure the integrality in coal seam, needs the topping of reserved 2-3m above top board, and blast hole projectile filling section must control side on the protection layer; and ensure sealing of hole segment length; avoid punching, ensure the effect of presplitting, avoid punching to the destruction of wall and top board simultaneously.
(4) along work plane air intake lane 1 and tailentry 2, arrange that trend blocks hole 5 in the hard thick rock stratum 7 of a high position, be freely-supported supporting or free support condition by the boundary supports condition setting of hard for a high position thick rock stratum 7, carry out cracked to the hard thick rock stratum 7 of a high position.
In the hard thick rock stratum 7 of a high position, preferably arrange that trend blocks big gun hole 5, trend blocks the top, hard thick rock stratum that should to attain to a high place at the bottom of hole, big gun hole 5, blocks corresponding high-order hard thick rock stratum 7, big gun hole 5 part carry out powder charge and controlled loading of explosive amount is no more than 60% of big gun hole length in trend.
(5) fan-shaped rotary big gun hole, low level hard thick rock stratum 4 is utilized, in the laggard horizontal high voltage water filling of hard thick rock stratum 6 presplit blasting of low level.In work plane air intake lane 1, tailentry 2 interval select low level fan-shaped rotary big gun hole 4 as high pressure water injection hole 8, rig is utilized original sealing of hole section again to be emptied, in orifice area, hole packer is installed, utilize coal-bed flooding pump to hard thick rock stratum 6 water filling of low level after presplitting, water injection pressure is not less than 10Mpa.When carrying out water filling to coal body, actual single hole water injection time is about 5-6min, and consider rock stratum water filling, actual single hole water injection time should be not less than 60min, or to be as the criterion calculating with rib and other scope water seepages.
The above-mentioned presplit blasting to the hard thick rock stratum 6 of low level and the hard thick rock stratum 7 of a high position and high pressure water injection are all implemented beyond bearing pressure peak region, utilize mine pressure to explosion presplitting crack and hydraulic pressure presplitting crack fracturing again.
Certainly, above-mentioned explanation is not limitation of the present invention, and the present invention is also not limited in above-mentioned citing, and the change that those skilled in the art make in essential scope of the present invention, remodeling, interpolation or replacement also should belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a high seam fully mechanized coal face double-deck hard thick rock stratum Advance presplitting method, be is characterized in that, realized by following steps:
1) according to work plane covering hard thick rock stratum support conditions, calculating hard thick rock stratum breaking span, determining circulation explosive distance;
2) according to explosive property parameter and hard thick rock stratum physical and mechanical parameter, calculate blasting crack district scope, determine steel for shot parameter;
3), in work plane air intake lane (1) and tailentry (2), in the hard thick rock stratum (6) of low level, arrange fan-shaped rotary big gun hole (4) along stope (3) direction of propulsion, presplit blasting is carried out to the hard thick rock stratum (6) of low level;
4) in work plane air intake lane (1) and tailentry (2), in the hard thick rock stratum (7) of a high position, arrange that trend blocks hole (5), be freely-supported supporting or free support condition by the boundary supports condition setting of hard for a high position thick rock stratum (7), carry out cracked to the hard thick rock stratum (7) of a high position;
5) after the presplit blasting of low level hard thick rock stratum (6), select the fan-shaped rotary big gun hole (4) of the hard thick rock stratum (6) of low level as high pressure water injection hole (8), carry out high pressure water injection, further pressure break rock mass, expand the scope of rock crack development area.
2. the double-deck hard thick rock stratum of a kind of high seam fully mechanized coal face according to claim 1 Advance presplitting method, it is characterized in that, in step 3), line at the bottom of fan-shaped rotary big gun hole (4) hole and top board natural fracture half O-X break and enclose triangle arc plate fissure zone and distribute basically identical.
3. the double-deck hard thick rock stratum of a kind of high seam fully mechanized coal face according to claim 1 and 2 Advance presplitting method, it is characterized in that, the presplit blasting of the hard thick rock stratum (6) of low level described in step 3) needs to stay the topping establishing 2-3 rice.
4. the double-deck hard thick rock stratum of a kind of high seam fully mechanized coal face according to claim 1 Advance presplitting method, it is characterized in that, in step 4), trend blocks hard thick rock (7) top that to attain to a high place at the bottom of big gun hole (5) hole, blocks corresponding high-order hard thick rock stratum (7) part in big gun hole (5) carry out powder charge and controlled loading of explosive amount is no more than 60% of big gun hole length in trend.
5. the double-deck hard thick rock stratum of a kind of high seam fully mechanized coal face according to claim 1 Advance presplitting method, it is characterized in that, the water injection pressure of step 5) mesohigh water injection hole (8) is not less than 10Mpa, and single hole water injection time is not less than 60min.
6. a kind of high seam fully mechanized coal face double-deck hard thick rock stratum Advance presplitting method according to claim 1,2,4 or 5, is characterized in that: in step (3), (4), (5), the hard thick rock stratum explosion presplitting of high-low position and high pressure water injection are all carried out beyond bearing pressure peak ranges.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108643910A (en) * | 2018-05-04 | 2018-10-12 | 太原理工大学 | A method of controlling caving for coal mine stope tight roof Advance presplitting |
| CN108732023A (en) * | 2018-05-18 | 2018-11-02 | 西安科技大学 | A kind of determination method of Coal Face with Greater Mining Height coal wall lead abutment pressure peak factor |
| CN110685691A (en) * | 2019-11-16 | 2020-01-14 | 山东科技大学 | Forced roof caving method for hard roof |
| CN112879009A (en) * | 2021-01-12 | 2021-06-01 | 贵州黔西能源开发有限公司 | Forced caving method for two ends of working face based on presplitting directional blasting |
| CN117108295A (en) * | 2023-10-20 | 2023-11-24 | 山东能源集团有限公司 | Advanced presplitting area prevention and control method for rock burst of high-position thick hard rock stratum |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108643910A (en) * | 2018-05-04 | 2018-10-12 | 太原理工大学 | A method of controlling caving for coal mine stope tight roof Advance presplitting |
| CN108732023A (en) * | 2018-05-18 | 2018-11-02 | 西安科技大学 | A kind of determination method of Coal Face with Greater Mining Height coal wall lead abutment pressure peak factor |
| CN108732023B (en) * | 2018-05-18 | 2020-09-11 | 西安科技大学 | Method for determining advanced support pressure peak coefficient of coal wall of large mining height stope |
| CN110685691A (en) * | 2019-11-16 | 2020-01-14 | 山东科技大学 | Forced roof caving method for hard roof |
| CN110685691B (en) * | 2019-11-16 | 2020-12-01 | 山东科技大学 | Forced roof caving method for hard roof |
| CN112879009A (en) * | 2021-01-12 | 2021-06-01 | 贵州黔西能源开发有限公司 | Forced caving method for two ends of working face based on presplitting directional blasting |
| CN117108295A (en) * | 2023-10-20 | 2023-11-24 | 山东能源集团有限公司 | Advanced presplitting area prevention and control method for rock burst of high-position thick hard rock stratum |
| CN117108295B (en) * | 2023-10-20 | 2024-03-08 | 山东能源集团有限公司 | Advanced presplitting area prevention and control method for rock burst of high-position thick hard rock stratum |
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Application publication date: 20150617 |