CN104685179A - Exhaust manifold mounting structure for internal combustion engine - Google Patents
Exhaust manifold mounting structure for internal combustion engine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104685179A CN104685179A CN201380050385.6A CN201380050385A CN104685179A CN 104685179 A CN104685179 A CN 104685179A CN 201380050385 A CN201380050385 A CN 201380050385A CN 104685179 A CN104685179 A CN 104685179A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- exhaust manifold
- cylinder head
- base portion
- gas exhaust
- flange
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/18—Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly
- F01N13/1805—Fixing exhaust manifolds, exhaust pipes or pipe sections to each other, to engine or to vehicle body
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/08—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits
- F01N13/10—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits of exhaust manifolds
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/18—Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly
- F01N13/1805—Fixing exhaust manifolds, exhaust pipes or pipe sections to each other, to engine or to vehicle body
- F01N13/1811—Fixing exhaust manifolds, exhaust pipes or pipe sections to each other, to engine or to vehicle body with means permitting relative movement, e.g. compensation of thermal expansion or vibration
- F01N13/1822—Fixing exhaust manifolds, exhaust pipes or pipe sections to each other, to engine or to vehicle body with means permitting relative movement, e.g. compensation of thermal expansion or vibration for fixing exhaust pipes or devices to vehicle body
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/18—Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly
- F01N13/1805—Fixing exhaust manifolds, exhaust pipes or pipe sections to each other, to engine or to vehicle body
- F01N13/1827—Sealings specially adapted for exhaust systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F11/00—Arrangements of sealings in combustion engines
- F02F11/002—Arrangements of sealings in combustion engines involving cylinder heads
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2450/00—Methods or apparatus for fitting, inserting or repairing different elements
- F01N2450/24—Methods or apparatus for fitting, inserting or repairing different elements by bolts, screws, rivets or the like
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Exhaust Silencers (AREA)
- Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Abstract
A cross recess (14) is provided at a fastening seat portion (11a) of a cylinder head (1) in which exhaust port outlets (4a, 4b, 4c, 4d) are arranged in two rows and two in each row. A cross protrusion (62) that is fittable to the cross recess (14) is provided at a flange (6) of an exhaust manifold (5). A gasket (7) has a cross opening (74) through which the cross protrusion (62) is insertable. The exhaust manifold (5) is fastened to the cylinder head (1) by passing the cross protrusion (62) of the flange (6) of the exhaust manifold (5) through the cross opening (74) of the gasket (7) and then fitting the cross protrusion (62) to the cross recess (14) of the fastening seat portion (1 la) of the cylinder head (1).
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the exhaust manifold installation structure for explosive motor.Especially, the present invention relates to the mounting structure of gas exhaust manifold in cylinder head, in this cylinder head, be furnished with the relief opening outlet of cylinder in the mode of multiple row.
Background technique
Such as, as described in Japanese Patent Application No.2012-31846 (JP 2012-31846A) and Japanese Patent Application No.2012-107560 (JP 2012-107560A), propose a kind of exhaust system structure, in this exhaust system structure, the downstream side of relief opening is gathered in cylinder head inside.By this exhaust system structure, make relief opening can be arranged to the coolant channel in cylinder head, thus exhaust cooling effectiveness can be improved.In addition, the region forming relief opening outlet in cylinder head end can be made to narrow (to reduce to be formed the length of region on bank of cylinder direction of relief opening outlet), thus can make outlet pipe to the linkage structure of cylinder head and turbosupercharger general to the linkage structure of cylinder head.Thus, can make cylinder head have between the motor (turbosupercharged engine) of turbosupercharger and the motor (NA (natural inflow) motor) without turbosupercharger general.
In addition, the downstream side being not limited to the relief opening described by above publication is gathered in the structure of cylinder head inside, when by arrange in the end of cylinder head the outlet of multiple row relief opening simultaneously cylinder head internal independence form relief opening and the region forming relief opening outlet is narrowed time, also obtain the beneficial effect similar with the beneficial effect of above structure.Such as, Fig. 7 (showing the stereogram of cylinder head a and gas exhaust manifold b) shows following structure: when four cylinder engine, in the structure shown here, with two row and often the mode of row two is furnished with relief opening outlet c, d (e, f).
When gas exhaust manifold b is arranged on the end face a1 of cylinder head a---multiple row relief opening outlet c, d, e, f with two row and often the mode of row two be arranged in the end face a1 place of this cylinder head a---go up time, the flange b1 being arranged on upstream ora terminalis (the exhaust entrance side edge) place of gas exhaust manifold b is bolted to cylinder head a.Particularly, be formed with bolt hole b2 at edge, the periphery place of the flange b1 of gas exhaust manifold b, and be formed with bolt hole a2 at the end face a1 place of cylinder head a accordingly with bolt hole b2.The flange b1 of gas exhaust manifold b settles (such as, settling via liner (not shown)) on the end face a1 of cylinder head a, and bolt (not shown) is inserted through bolt hole b2, a2.Thus, gas exhaust manifold b is installed on cylinder head a.
By way of parenthesis, in the above mounting structure for gas exhaust manifold b, the central part of flange b1 can not be bolted to cylinder head a, therefore can not obtain enough sealabilities at the central part place of flange b1.This is because (owing to there is pipe (branched pipe) b3 of gas exhaust manifold b in the central part being difficult to assembling tool (driver etc.) to be inserted into flange b1, so be difficult to assembling tool to insert), and therefore, the central part of flange b1 can not be bolted to cylinder head a.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of exhaust manifold installation structure can guaranteeing sealability when gas exhaust manifold is arranged in cylinder head fully, in this cylinder head, be furnished with relief opening outlet in the mode of multiple row.
An aspect of of the present present invention is,---in the end face in this cylinder head, relief opening outlet was furnished with in the mode of multiple row---time upper when the flange of gas exhaust manifold is arranged on the end face of cylinder head, at the end face of cylinder head and the flange (end face of flange of gas exhaust manifold, this flange is placed in cylinder head) in one place export with relief opening in two relief openings of arbitrary neighborhood export between region be provided with recess accordingly, and the region between two relief openings of the arbitrary neighborhood during the another one place in the end face of cylinder head and the flange of gas exhaust manifold exports with relief opening export is provided with protuberance accordingly, and the labyrinth structure obtained by protuberance is engaged to recess guarantees the sealability between the end face of the end face of cylinder head and the flange of gas exhaust manifold.
An aspect of of the present present invention relates to the exhaust manifold installation structure for explosive motor, gas exhaust manifold is arranged on the end face of cylinder head by this exhaust manifold installation structure, is furnished with relief opening outlet and in often arranging, is furnished with multiple described relief opening outlet in this cylinder head in the mode of multiple row.By this exhaust manifold installation structure, the end face of cylinder head is formed with fastening base portion, be furnished with the outlet of multiple relief opening at this place of fastening base portion, and gas exhaust manifold is formed in fastening base portion.Gas exhaust manifold place is provided with flange, be provided with and export corresponding multiple exhaust with relief opening and introduce opening, and flange is formed as corresponding with fastening base portion in shape at flange.Region between arbitrary neighborhood two relief openings that one place in the fastening base portion of cylinder head and the flange of gas exhaust manifold and relief opening export export is provided with recess accordingly, and the another one place in the fastening base portion of cylinder head and the flange of gas exhaust manifold is provided with the protuberance being engaged to recess, and by the fastening base portion that under the state that is engaged to recess at protuberance, the flange of gas exhaust manifold is placed in cylinder head makes gas exhaust manifold be fastened to cylinder head.
According to above aspect, fastening base portion by the flange of gas exhaust manifold being placed in cylinder head makes gas exhaust manifold be fastened to cylinder head, the protuberance being arranged on the described another one place in the fastening base portion of cylinder head and the flange of gas exhaust manifold is engaged to the recess at the described one place be arranged in the fastening base portion of cylinder head and the flange of gas exhaust manifold.That is, the matching surface of the matching surface of the end face (fastening base portion) of cylinder head and the flange (end face of flange) of gas exhaust manifold is positioned in over each other by boss surface and recess surface.Therefore, between arbitrary neighborhood two relief openings outlet of relief opening outlet and exhaust arbitrary neighborhood two exhaust of introducing opening introduce and between opening, to have labyrinth structure (by boss surface and recess surface being placed in over each other and sealing configuration that is that formed), thus advantageously ensure that between arbitrary neighborhood two relief openings outlets that relief opening export and sealability between arbitrary neighborhood two the exhaust introducing opening that opening is introduced in exhaust.Therefore, do not flow into from the exhaust of arbitrary relief opening outlet drain relief opening outlet and introduce opening except exporting the corresponding exhaust exhaust introduced except opening with arbitrary relief opening that relief opening exports and affect exhaust emission performance.
Of the present invention described in, locating stud (knock pin) can be provided with at the central part place in the fastening base portion of cylinder head.The patchhole that locating stud is inserted can be provided with at the central part place of the flange of gas exhaust manifold.Under the state that the flange of gas exhaust manifold is placed in the fastening base portion of cylinder head, locating stud can be inserted into and insert in the hole.
According to above aspect, under being inserted at locating stud the state inserted in the hole, the relative position of the fastening base portion of cylinder head and the flange of gas exhaust manifold is located, thus suitably obtains the mounting point of gas exhaust manifold in cylinder head, and can not occurrence positions deviation in these relative positions.In addition, locating stud is arranged on the central part place in fastening base portion, even if thus when there is thermal expansion in the fastening base portion of cylinder head or the flange of gas exhaust manifold, the relative position of these components is also properly positioned and influenced hardly.
In addition, can be formed with the mounting hole of the bolt insertion being allowed for flange being fastened to cylinder head at multiple part places of the edge, periphery of the flange of gas exhaust manifold, and at least one mounting hole in multiple mounting hole can be the elongated hole extended in the direction outside from the central position of flange.
According to above aspect, when thermal expansion occurring in cylinder head or gas exhaust manifold, bolt changes on the bearing of trend of elongated hole with the relative position being formed in the mounting hole in elongated hole.That is, the thermal expansion of cylinder head or gas exhaust manifold is absorbed by elongated hole, and the extruding of bolt to the inner circumference edge of mounting hole (elongated hole) is suppressed, thus can alleviate the thermal stress acted on cylinder head and gas exhaust manifold.
In configuration when the present invention is applied to four cylinder explosive motors, two row can be sentenced in the fastening base portion of cylinder head and the mode of often row two of described two row is furnished with four relief openings outlets.The recess being arranged on the one place in the fastening base portion of cylinder head and the flange of gas exhaust manifold and the protuberance at another one place be arranged in the fastening base portion of cylinder head and the flange of gas exhaust manifold can be formed between two series and between two relief openings outlets of the arbitrary neighborhood of relief opening outlet in being formed in every row separately.
According to above aspect, the sealability in the region between two the relief openings outlets that advantageously ensure that the arbitrary neighborhood of four relief openings outlet.
For the position forming recess and protuberance, recess can be arranged on the place of fastening base portion of cylinder head, and protuberance can be arranged on the flange of gas exhaust manifold.
In addition, liner can between the fastening base portion of cylinder head and the flange of gas exhaust manifold, and liner can have opening, and protuberance is inserted through this opening.
Thus, the sealability obtained by labyrinth structure described above and the sealability obtained by liner can be obtained, thus the overall high sealing performance between the fastening base portion and the flange of gas exhaust manifold of cylinder head can be guaranteed.
Of the present invention described in, over each otherly present sealing configuration by recess surface and boss surface being placed between cylinder head and the flange of gas exhaust manifold.Thus, the favourable sealabilities between openings are introduced in two exhausts of the arbitrary neighborhood that exhaust that is between two relief openings outlet can guaranteeing the arbitrary neighborhood in the relief opening outlet of cylinder head and flange is introduced in opening.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Hereafter describe the feature of illustrative embodiments of the present invention, advantage and technology and industrial significance with reference to the accompanying drawings, in the accompanying drawings, identical reference character represents identical element, and wherein:
Fig. 1 is the stereogram when observing from the oblique upside of exhaust side according to the cylinder head of mode of execution;
Fig. 2 is the view of the integral layout showing cylinder, relief opening etc. when having an X-rayed the cylinder head according to this mode of execution from upside;
Fig. 3 is for illustration of the three-dimensional view for gas exhaust manifold being arranged on the operation in cylinder head;
Fig. 4 is the stereogram showing the fastening base portion be arranged in cylinder head;
Fig. 5 is the stereogram of the flange showing gas exhaust manifold;
Fig. 6 A and Fig. 6 B be intercept along the line VI-VI in Fig. 1 cylinder head, liner and gas exhaust manifold sectional view, wherein, Fig. 6 A is the view for illustration of gas exhaust manifold being arranged on the operation in cylinder head, and Fig. 6 B shows the view that gas exhaust manifold is arranged on the state in cylinder head; And
Fig. 7 is the stereogram showing cylinder head for illustration of object of the present invention and gas exhaust manifold.
Embodiment
Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings embodiments of the present invention are described.Exemplarily, by when being applied to petrol engine (explosive motor) that be arranged on automobile in the present invention, this mode of execution is described.
Fig. 1 is the stereogram of petrolic cylinder head 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention when observing from the oblique upside of exhaust side.Cylinder head 1 is assembled to the top of cylinder block (not shown).Cylinder head 1 encloses four cylinder 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D (cylinders be formed in cylinder block, see Fig. 2) upper end portion, and define the firing chamber between cylinder head 1 and the piston (not shown) being engaged in cylinder 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D respectively.
In motor according to the present embodiment, exemplarily, when having an X-rayed from the upside in Fig. 2, four cylinders 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D are arranged to row.In the following description, according to along the longitudinal direction (namely, bank of cylinder direction) from one end of cylinder head 1 to the order of the other end (in fig. 2 from right to left), cylinder is referred to as the first cylinder 2A (#1), the second cylinder 2B (#2), the 3rd cylinder 2C (#3) and four-cylinder 2D (#4).Although not shown, be formed with the shallow recess of the top of combustion chamber as each cylinder at the bottom surfaces place of cylinder head 1, and the upstream extremity of the downstream of suction port 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D and relief opening 4A, 4B, 4C, 4D leads to corresponding recess respectively.
That is, as shown in Figure 2, for air being introduced into respectively four suction ports 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D sidewall 10 in the air inlet side of cylinder head 1 of the firing chamber of cylinder 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D---namely, distally in Fig. 1---place's opening, and intake manifold (not shown) is connected to the sidewall 10 of air inlet side.On the other hand, four relief openings 4A, 4B, 4C, 4D discharging respectively for making the burnt gas from the firing chamber of cylinder 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D are at the sidewall 11 of the exhaust side of cylinder head 1---namely, nearside in Fig. 1---place's opening, and gas exhaust manifold 5 (describing after a while) (see Fig. 3) is connected to the sidewall 11 of exhaust side.
Four relief opening 4A, 4B, 4C, the 4Ds longer than usual relief opening are formed in the inside of cylinder head 1 according to the present embodiment.As shown in fig. 1, substantially rectangular fastening base portion is formed with (as the part of fastening base at the substantial middle place along the longitudinal direction of the sidewall 11 of exhaust side, this gas exhaust manifold 5 is fastened to fastening base) 11a, and four relief openings 4A, 4B, 4C, 4D at 11a place of fastening base portion vertically with substantially horizontal opening by twos.
That is, two outboard row gas ports 4A, 4D at the Lower Half place of fastening base portion 11a along bank of cylinder direction opening abreast, and two inboard row gas ports 4B, 4C at the first half place of fastening base portion 11a along bank of cylinder direction opening abreast.In the following description, the opening in the downstream side of these relief openings 4A, 4B, 4C, 4D is referred to as " relief opening outlet ", the opening of the relief opening 4A be communicated with the first cylinder 2A is referred to as first row gas port and exports 4a, the opening of the relief opening 4B be communicated with the second cylinder 2B is referred to as second exhaust port and exports 4b, the opening of the relief opening 4C be communicated with the 3rd cylinder 2C is referred to as the 3rd relief opening and exports 4c, and the opening of the relief opening 4D be communicated with four-cylinder 2D is referred to as the 4th relief opening exports 4d.In this way, in the present embodiment, relief opening outlet 4a, 4d (4b, 4c) be with two row and often the mode of row two arrange.
Four bights place of fastening base portion 11a and the central authorities of upper limb of fastening base portion 11a and the centre of lower edge are formed with bolt hole 11b respectively, and the flange 6 of gas exhaust manifold 5 (describing after a while) to be placed on fastening base portion 11a and to be fastened to fastening base portion 11a (this fastening structure will describe after a while).
Although not shown, each place in the air inlet side and exhaust side at the top place of cylinder head 1 is all furnished with DOHC (Dual Over Head Camshaft) the formula valve actuation system with camshaft.Reference character 12 shown in Fig. 1 represents the receiving hole being used for hydraulic lash adjuster (HLA), for each cylinder of cylinder 2A to 2D, air inlet side is provided with two described receiving holes and exhaust side is provided with two described receiving holes.Reference character 13 represents the part formed as lower channel, and oil content is not supplied to each HLA in the HLA of air inlet side and exhaust side by described passage.
As shown in Figure 2, when from upper perspective cylinder head 1, the exhaust-gas-flow upstream end of each relief opening of four relief opening 4A to 4D is branched into two ends and corresponding with cylinder 2A to a 2D respectively cylinder is communicated with.On the other hand, the midstream and downstream not branch of each relief opening in relief opening 4A to 4D, and relief opening 4A to 4D the situation downward-extension do not converged with the relief opening 4A to 4D of arbitrary neighborhood through exhaust side sidewall 11 and at 11a place of fastening base portion opening respectively, as described above.
That is, in four relief opening 4A to 4D, outboard row gas port 4A, 4D (outer passage) of being communicated with four-cylinder 2D with the first cylinder 2A outside two of bank of cylinder direction respectively bending with relatively large radius of curvature thus from exhaust-gas-flow upstream side towards downstream side step by step close to the central authorities in bank of cylinder direction when vertical direction (direction along cylinder centerline C) is observed as shown in Figure 2, in other words, close to the inner side in bank of cylinder direction.
By contrast, inboard row gas port 4B, 4C (inner channel) of being communicated with the 3rd cylinder 2C with the second cylinder 2B at the inner side place being positioned at bank of cylinder direction respectively as shown in Figure 2 from during top view from the second cylinder 2B and the 3rd cylinder 2C towards the fastening base portion 11a of the sidewall 11 of exhaust side roughly straight extend.
The mounting structure of gas exhaust manifold
Next, the mounting structure of the gas exhaust manifold 5 to the feature as present embodiment is described.
Fig. 3 is for illustration of the stereogram for gas exhaust manifold 5 being arranged on the operation in cylinder head 1.Fig. 4 is the stereogram showing the fastening base portion 11a (part that the flange 6 of gas exhaust manifold 5 is mounted thereto) being arranged on cylinder head 1 place.In addition, Fig. 5 is the stereogram of the flange 6 showing gas exhaust manifold 5.Below, will be described these components.
As described above, the outlet of four relief openings 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d are arranged in the 11a place of fastening base portion being arranged at cylinder head 1 place, and the outlet of these relief openings 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d arrange with two and often the mode of row two is arranged.
The feature of the fastening base portion 11a in cylinder head 1 is the cross recess 14 being formed as extending between adjacent two relief openings outlet in relief opening outlet 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d.That is, cross recess 14 be formed as arbitrary neighborhood two relief openings exported with relief opening on vertical direction, substantially horizontal and true dip direction in 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d export between region corresponding.
Particularly, be formed with the vertical slots 14a extended vertically and the horizontal slot 14b flatly extended, thus will wherein be formed with the Region dividing of relief opening outlet 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, and cross recess 14 is formed as making longitudinal central part of these grooves 14a, 14b overlapping.
Vertical slots 14a exports 4b from the second exhaust port that the first row gas port of lower right in figure exports 4a and the 4th relief opening region exported between 4d at left bottom place extends to upper right place in figure vertically in figure in fastening base portion 11a and the 3rd relief opening at upper left side place exports the region between 4c in figure.
On the other hand, horizontal slot 14b exports 4d from the first row gas port of lower right in figure outlet 4a and the second exhaust port at the upper right place regional water level land exported between 4b extends to left bottom place in figure in figure the 4th relief opening and the 3rd relief opening at upper left side place exports the region between 4c in figure.
Longitudinal ora terminalis position of described vertical slots 14a and horizontal slot 14b is set as from the ora terminalis position of the fastening base portion 11a cylinder head 1 predetermined size of drawing back.That is, longitudinal ora terminalis of vertical slots 14a and horizontal slot 14b is in the non-opening in ora terminalis place of fastening base portion 11a.
Particularly, such as, upper end position and the second exhaust port of vertical slots 14a export 4b and the 3rd relief opening to export the upper end position of 4c roughly consistent.In addition, lower end position and the first row gas port of vertical slots 14a export 4a and the 4th relief opening to export the lower end position of 4d roughly consistent.Similarly, horizontal slot 14b left position in the drawings and the 3rd relief opening export 4c and the 4th relief opening to export 4d left position in the drawings roughly consistent.In addition, horizontal slot 14b right end position in the drawings and first row gas port export 4a and second exhaust port to export 4b right end position in the drawings roughly consistent.
Be not limited to this configuration, the upper end position of vertical slots 14a can slightly toward upper location or can slightly toward lower location relative to the upper end position of second exhaust port outlet 4b and the 3rd relief opening outlet 4c.In addition, the lower end position of vertical slots 14a can slightly toward upper location or can slightly toward lower location relative to the lower end position of first row gas port outlet 4a and the 4th relief opening outlet 4d.Similarly, horizontal slot 14b left position in the drawings can slightly be located left relative to the 3rd relief opening outlet 4c and the 4th relief opening outlet 4d left position in the drawings or can slightly locate to the right.In addition, horizontal slot 14b right end position in the drawings can slightly be located to the right relative to the right end position of first row gas port outlet 4a and second exhaust port outlet 4b or can slightly locate left.
At the central part being positioned at fastening base portion 11a of recess 14---namely, the lower surface place at the cross section of described vertical slots 14a and horizontal slot 14b---place is formed with the positioning pin hole 14c (cross section see cylinder head 1 shown in Fig. 6 A and Fig. 6 B) extended along the end face perpendicular to fastening base portion 11a, and locating stud 14d is inserted in positioning pin hole 14c.The external diameter of locating stud 14d can optionally set.In the present embodiment, the external diameter of locating stud 14d is set to about 1/3rd of the width of each groove in groove 14a, 14b.In addition, under the state that locating stud 14d inserts in positioning pin hole 14c, the remote location of locating stud 14d is roughly consistent with the endface position of fastening base portion 11a (see Fig. 6 A).That is, the length of locating stud 14d is roughly consistent with the degree of depth of the difference of the degree of depth of positioning pin hole 14c and recess 14.
Flange 6 place arranged in the upstream extremity position of gas exhaust manifold 5 is formed and exports corresponding four of 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d with four relief openings that the 11a place of fastening base portion in cylinder head 1 is arranged and be vented and introduce opening 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d.That is, opening 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d is introduced in these exhausts is also that with two row and often the mode of row two is arranged.Four bights in flange 6 and upper limb centre are respectively arranged with the bolt hole (mounting hole) 61 corresponding with the bolt hole 11b formed in the fastening base portion 11a of cylinder head 1 with lower edge centre.In figure 3, reference character 51 represents the branched pipe of gas exhaust manifold 5, and reference character 52 represents catalyst (such as, ternary catalyzing unit).
The flange 6 of gas exhaust manifold 5 has adjacent two exhausts introduced in opening 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d in exhaust and introduces the cross protuberance 62 extended between opening.The shape of protuberance 62 is roughly consistent with the shape of the recess 14 being formed in 11a place of fastening base portion or be slightly less than the shape of recess 14.
Particularly, be formed with the vertical protuberance 62a extended vertically and the horizontal projections 62b flatly extended, thus will be formed with the Region dividing of exhaust introducing opening 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d, and cross protuberance 62 is formed as making longitudinal central part of longitudinal central part of protuberance 62a and protuberance 62b overlapping.
Vertical protuberance 62a introduces opening 6a from the first exhaust corresponding to first row gas port outlet 4a and corresponds to the 4th relief opening and export the 4th of 4d and be vented the region of introducing between opening 6d and extend to vertically and export second of 4b corresponding to second exhaust port and be vented and introduce opening 6b and export the 3rd of 4c be vented the region of introducing between opening 6c corresponding to the 3rd relief opening.
On the other hand, horizontal projections 62b introduces opening 6a and second from the first exhaust and is vented the regional water level land of introducing between opening 6b and extends to the 3rd and be vented and introduce opening 6c and the 4th and be vented the region of introducing between opening 6d.
In addition, longitudinal ora terminalis position of described vertical protuberance 62a and horizontal projections 62b is set as from the ora terminalis position of the flange 6 of gas exhaust manifold 5 predetermined size of drawing back.That is, longitudinal ora terminalis of vertical protuberance 62a and horizontal projections 62b does not arrive the ora terminalis of flange 6.
Particularly, such as, the upper end position and second of vertical protuberance 62a is vented and introduces opening 6b and the 3rd to be vented the upper end position introducing opening 6c roughly consistent.In addition, the lower end position and first of vertical protuberance 62a is vented and introduces opening 6a and the 4th to be vented the lower end position introducing opening 6d roughly consistent.Similarly, horizontal projections 62b left position in the drawings and first is vented and introduces opening 6a and second and be vented that to introduce opening 6b left position in the drawings roughly consistent.In addition, horizontal projections 62b right end position in the drawings and the 3rd is vented and introduces opening 6c and the 4th and be vented that to introduce opening 6d right end position in the drawings roughly consistent.
Be not limited to this configuration, the upper end position of vertical protuberance 62a relative to the second exhaust introduce opening 6b and the 3rd exhaust introduce the upper end position of opening 6c can slightly toward upper location or can slightly toward lower location.In addition, vertical protuberance 62a lower end position relative to the first exhaust introduce opening 6a and the 4th exhaust introduce the lower end position of opening 6d can slightly toward upper location or can slightly toward lower location.Similarly, horizontal projections 62b left position in the drawings can slightly be located left relative to the first exhaust introducing opening 6a and second exhaust introducing opening 6b left position in the drawings or can slightly locate to the right.In addition, the right end position that horizontal projections 62b right end position in the drawings introduces opening 6c and the 4th exhaust introducing opening 6d relative to the 3rd exhaust can slightly be located to the right or can slightly locate left.
At the central part being positioned at flange 6 of protuberance 62---namely, the cross section of described vertical protuberance 62a and horizontal projections 62b---the end at place is formed with positioning pin hole (patchhole) 62c that locating stud 14d can be made to insert.The internal diameter of positioning pin hole 62c is consistent with the external diameter of locating stud 14d or be set to the external diameter being slightly greater than locating stud 14d.
The bolt hole be formed in the bolt hole 61 in the flange 6 of gas exhaust manifold 5 is elongated hole 61 '.In the present embodiment, the bolt hole arranging upper right place (being arranged on the position of introducing opening 6c near the 3rd exhaust) is in the drawings elongated hole 61 '.The bearing of trend of elongated hole 61 ' roughly consistent with the bearing of trend of central position (being formed with the position of positioning pin hole 62c) the outward extending straight line of the flange 6 from gas exhaust manifold 5 (the straight line L see the dotted line replaced by length in Fig. 5 indicates).
Bolt hole (being five bolts hole in the present embodiment) 61 except the bolt hole being formed as elongated hole 61 ' is formed as more bigger than the internal diameter of each bolt hole 11b be formed in cylinder head 1 (being less than the external diameter of the head of each bolt B (describing after a while)).
Liner 7 (see Fig. 3) between the fastening base portion 11a and the flange 6 of gas exhaust manifold 5 of cylinder head 1 is by by metal (such as, stainless steel) multiple (such as, two) thin-plate element of making carries out lamination and formed.Liner 7 can be formed by single thin plate component.
Liner 7 has the exhaust opening 72 that the corresponding position of opening 6a to 6d is introduced in the exhaust being positioned at the flange 6 exporting 4a to 4d and gas exhaust manifold 5 with the relief opening of cylinder head 1, and liner 7 has and bolt hole 11b, 61 corresponding bolt-inserting holes 73.The internal diameter of each bolt-inserting hole 73 is such as roughly consistent with the internal diameter of each bolt hole 11b be formed in fastening base portion 11a.In addition, the bolt-inserting hole 73 ' corresponding with elongated hole 61 ' formed in the flange 6 of gas exhaust manifold 5 is also similar elongated hole.
In addition, liner 7 has the curved part 71 being referred to as crimping (bead) being positioned at the part place corresponding with the peripheral portion in the region needing to prevent exhaust gas leakage (relief opening exports the peripheral portion of 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d).Thus, when liner 7 is sandwiched between the fastening base portion 11a of cylinder 1 and the flange 6 of gas exhaust manifold 6, attachment degree is added by the compressive strain of crimping 71.Thus, high sealability is obtained.
The feature of liner 7 has the cross-shaped aperture 74 corresponding with cross recess 14 and cross protuberance 62.Cross-shaped aperture 74 has the vertical opening 74a extended vertically and the horizontal opening 74b flatly extended.These vertical openings 74a is roughly consistent with the shape of the vertical protuberance 62a and horizontal projections 62b forming the cross protuberance 62 formed at flange 6 place of gas exhaust manifold 5 with the shape of horizontal opening 74b, or is slightly greater than the shape of described vertical protuberance 62a and horizontal projections 62b.
Next, be described to the operation be used for gas exhaust manifold 5 is arranged in cylinder head 1.
Fig. 6 A and Fig. 6 B be intercept along the line VI-VI in Fig. 1 cylinder head 1, liner 7 and gas exhaust manifold 5 sectional view, wherein, Fig. 6 A is for illustration of the view for gas exhaust manifold 5 being arranged on the operation in cylinder head 1, and Fig. 6 B shows the view that gas exhaust manifold 5 is arranged on the state in cylinder head 1.
For gas exhaust manifold 5 is arranged in the operation in cylinder head 1, first, as shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 6 A, the flange 6 of liner 7 and gas exhaust manifold 5 is placed according to priority and is arranged on the fastening base portion 11a at cylinder head 1 place.
Now, the exhaust being arranged on the exhaust opening 72 at liner 7 place and bolt-inserting hole 73 and being arranged on flange 6 place is introduced opening 6a to 6d and bolt hole 61 to export 4a and 4d and bolt hole 11b relative to the relief opening being arranged on 11a place of fastening base portion and locate.
Now, the cross protuberance 62 at flange 6 place being formed in gas exhaust manifold 5 be inserted through the cross-shaped aperture 74 of liner 7 and be engaged to the cross recess 14 be formed in the fastening base portion 11a of cylinder head 1.
When carrying out compounding practice, the locating stud 14d be arranged in cross recess 14 is inserted in the positioning pin hole 62c be formed in cross protuberance 62.Thus, the relative position of these fastening base portion 11a of cylinder head 1 and the flange 6 of gas exhaust manifold 5 is located.
Bolt hole 11b bolt B is inserted through respectively the bolt hole 61 be formed in the flange 6 of gas exhaust manifold 5, being formed in the bolt-inserting hole 73 in liner 7 and being formed in the fastening base portion 11a of cylinder head 1, and bolt B is threaded io respectively the bolt hole 11b be formed in fastening base portion 11a.Thus, the flange 6 of gas exhaust manifold 5 is fastened to the fastening base portion 11a (see Fig. 6 B) of cylinder head 1 via liner 7.Under this tightening state, protuberance 62 is engaged on the entire depth in recess 14, and improves attachment degree by the compressive strain of the crimping 71 of liner 7.Thus, high sealability is obtained.
As described above, in the present embodiment, by flange 6 is placed in fastening base portion 11a makes gas exhaust manifold 5 be fastened to cylinder head 1 state under, the protuberance 62 being arranged on flange 6 place is engaged to the recess 14 being arranged on 11a place of fastening base portion.That is, the fitting surface of fastening base portion 11a of cylinder head 1 and the fitting surface of the flange 6 of gas exhaust manifold 5 are positioned in over each other by boss surface and recess surface.Therefore, two exhausts of the arbitrary neighborhood introduced in opening 6a to 6d between two relief openings outlet of the arbitrary neighborhood in relief opening outlet 4a to 4d and in exhaust are introduced and to be had labyrinth structure (by boss surface and recess surface being placed in over each other and sealing configuration that is that formed) between openings, thus between two the relief openings outlets that advantageously ensure that the arbitrary neighborhood in relief opening outlet 4a to 4d and two exhausts of arbitrary neighborhood of introducing in opening 6a to 6d of exhaust introduce sealabilities between openings.Especially, what ensure that fastening base portion 11a and flange 6 fully can not by the sealability of the central part of bolton.Therefore, from relief opening outlet 4a to 4d, the exhaust of arbitrary relief opening outlet drain does not flow into and introduces opening 6a to 6d except exporting the corresponding exhaust exhaust introduced except opening 6a to 6d with arbitrary relief opening that relief opening exports in 4a to 4d and affect exhaust emission performance, thus can improve engine efficiency due to the raising of exhaust performance.
Under the state that locating stud 14d inserts in positioning pin hole 62c, the relative position of the fastening base portion 11a of cylinder head 1 and the flange 6 of gas exhaust manifold 5 is located, thus suitably obtain the mounting point of gas exhaust manifold 5 in cylinder head 1, and can not occurrence positions deviation in described relative position.In addition, locating stud 14d is arranged on the central part place of fastening base portion 11a, thus even if when there is thermal expansion in the fastening base portion 11a of cylinder head 1 or the flange 6 of gas exhaust manifold 5, the relative position of these components is also properly positioned and influenced hardly.
When there is thermal expansion in cylinder head 1 or gas exhaust manifold 5, bolt B changes on the bearing of trend of elongated hole 61 ' with the relative position of the bolt hole 6 being formed as elongated hole.That is, the thermal expansion of cylinder head 1 or gas exhaust manifold 5 is absorbed by elongated hole 61 ', and the extruding of bolt B to the inner circumference edge of mounting hole (elongated hole) 61 ' is suppressed, thus can alleviate the thermal stress acted on cylinder head 1 and gas exhaust manifold 5.In addition, same by the internal diameter of each bolt hole in other bolt hole 61 being set as the configuration of the internal diameter being slightly greater than a bolt hole corresponding with the bolt hole 11b formed in cylinder head 1, the thermal stress acted on cylinder head 1 and gas exhaust manifold 5 can be alleviated similarly.
Above-mentioned mode of execution is the situation that the present invention is applied to the four-cylinder gasoline engine be arranged on vehicle.The invention is not restricted to this configuration.The present invention is applicable to the motor of the device be applied to than vehicles.In addition, be not limited to petrol engine, the present invention is applicable to diesel engine.In addition, be not limited to four cylinder engine, the present invention is applicable to the motor of motor or five cylinders or more the cylinder of three cylinders or less cylinder.In these cases, recess 14 and protuberance 62 are not in cross shape, but, between two relief openings outlet that recess and protuberance are formed in the arbitrary neighborhood in relief opening outlet and two exhausts being formed in the arbitrary neighborhood that exhaust is introduced in opening introduce between openings, thus the Region dividing of relief opening outlet will be formed and exhaust will be formed introduce the Region dividing of opening that is.
In above mode of execution, recess 14 is arranged on the 11a place of fastening base portion of cylinder head 1, and protuberance 62 is arranged on flange 6 place of gas exhaust manifold 5.The invention is not restricted to this configuration.Also be suitable for, be formed with protuberance at the 11a place of fastening base portion of cylinder head 1, flange 6 place of gas exhaust manifold 5 is provided with recess, and protuberance be engaged to recess.In addition, can also be suitable for, the 11a place of fastening base portion of cylinder head 1 is provided with protuberance and recess, be provided with recess and protuberance at flange 6 place of gas exhaust manifold 5 accordingly with upper convex portion and recess, and protuberance is engaged to corresponding recess respectively.
In addition, the position of locating stud 14d is not limited to a position at the central part place of cross recess 14; Multiple position can be set, as long as its unlikely impact being subject to the thermal expansion of cylinder head 1.In addition, be also suitable for, flange 6 place of gas exhaust manifold 5 be provided with locating stud, and the 11a place of fastening base portion of cylinder head 1 is provided with the positioning pin hole that locating stud is inserted.
In the above embodiment, the engagement portion of the fastening base portion 11a of flange 6 to the cylinder head 1 of gas exhaust manifold 5 is set as six parts; But the quantity of engagement portion does not limit especially, and engagement portion can be set to four parts.
The present invention is applicable to the structure be arranged on by gas exhaust manifold on the end face of cylinder head, and in the end face of cylinder head, relief opening outlet is arranged in the mode of multiple row and in often arranging, is furnished with the outlet of multiple relief opening.
Claims (6)
1., for an exhaust manifold installation structure for explosive motor, comprising:
Cylinder head, in described cylinder head, be furnished with relief opening outlet in the mode of multiple row and in often arranging, be furnished with multiple described relief opening outlet, be formed with fastening base portion in the end of described cylinder head, described multiple relief opening outlet is arranged in place of described fastening base portion; And
Gas exhaust manifold, described gas exhaust manifold has and exports corresponding multiple exhaust with described relief opening and introduce opening, and described gas exhaust manifold is included in flange corresponding with described fastening base portion in shape, and described gas exhaust manifold is arranged in described fastening base portion,
Wherein, region between two relief openings of the arbitrary neighborhood during the one place in the described fastening base portion of described cylinder head and the described flange of described gas exhaust manifold exports with described relief opening export is provided with recess accordingly, and the another one place in the described fastening base portion of described cylinder head and the described flange of described gas exhaust manifold is provided with the protuberance being engaged to described recess, and
By the described fastening base portion that under the state that is engaged to described recess at described protuberance, the described flange of described gas exhaust manifold is placed in described cylinder head makes described gas exhaust manifold be fastened to described cylinder head.
2. exhaust manifold installation structure according to claim 1, also comprises:
Locating stud, described locating stud is arranged on the central part place in the described fastening base portion of described cylinder head; And
Patchhole, described locating stud is inserted into described patchhole, and described patchhole is arranged on the central part place of the described flange of described gas exhaust manifold,
Wherein, under the state that the described flange of described gas exhaust manifold is placed in the described fastening base portion of described cylinder head, insert in the hole described in described locating stud inserts.
3. exhaust manifold installation structure according to claim 1 and 2, wherein,
Be formed with the mounting hole of the bolt insertion being allowed for described flange being fastened to described cylinder head at multiple part places of the edge, periphery of the described flange of described gas exhaust manifold, and at least one mounting hole in described multiple mounting hole is the elongated hole extended in the direction outside from the central position of described flange.
4. the exhaust manifold installation structure according to any one in claims 1 to 3, wherein,
Described explosive motor comprises four cylinders,
Two row are sentenced and the mode of two is furnished with four described relief openings outlets in the often row of described two row in the described fastening base portion of described cylinder head, and
The recess being arranged on the one place in the described fastening base portion of described cylinder head and the described flange of described gas exhaust manifold and the protuberance at another one place be arranged in the described fastening base portion of described cylinder head and the described flange of described gas exhaust manifold to be formed between described two row and between two relief openings outlets of arbitrary neighborhood in described relief opening outlet in being formed in every row separately.
5. the exhaust manifold installation structure according to any one in Claims 1-4, wherein,
Described recess is arranged on the place of described fastening base portion of described cylinder head, and described protuberance is arranged on the described flange of described gas exhaust manifold.
6. the exhaust manifold installation structure according to any one in claim 1 to 5, also comprises:
Liner, described liner is between the described fastening base portion and the described flange of described gas exhaust manifold of described cylinder head, and described liner has opening, and described protuberance is inserted through described opening.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2012228143A JP5757280B2 (en) | 2012-10-15 | 2012-10-15 | Exhaust manifold mounting structure for internal combustion engines |
| JP2012-228143 | 2012-10-15 | ||
| PCT/IB2013/002337 WO2014060834A2 (en) | 2012-10-15 | 2013-10-11 | Exhaust manifold mounting structure for internal combustion engine |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104685179A true CN104685179A (en) | 2015-06-03 |
| CN104685179B CN104685179B (en) | 2018-01-16 |
Family
ID=50349645
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201380050385.6A Expired - Fee Related CN104685179B (en) | 2012-10-15 | 2013-10-11 | Exhaust manifold installation structure for explosive motor |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US9347361B2 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP2900950B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP5757280B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR101687123B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN104685179B (en) |
| BR (1) | BR112015007293A2 (en) |
| IN (1) | IN2015DN02586A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2014060834A2 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106257031A (en) * | 2015-06-19 | 2016-12-28 | 福特环球技术公司 | Cylinder cover |
| CN106762194A (en) * | 2017-01-24 | 2017-05-31 | 李斯特技术中心（上海）有限公司 | A kind of exhaust passage of naturally aspirated engine |
| CN107061040A (en) * | 2016-01-27 | 2017-08-18 | 福特环球技术公司 | Ignition type liquid-cooled internal combustion engine with cooling cylinder cover |
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| WO2015035263A1 (en) * | 2013-09-06 | 2015-03-12 | James Schmitz | Engine manifold adapter |
| DE102014103314B4 (en) * | 2014-03-12 | 2018-07-12 | Tenneco Gmbh | Exhaust pipe flange, group flange and exhaust system |
| JP6299797B2 (en) * | 2016-03-30 | 2018-03-28 | マツダ株式会社 | Engine exhaust system |
| US20170321622A1 (en) * | 2016-05-05 | 2017-11-09 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Internal combustion engine cylinder head with multi-runner, multi-port integrated exhaust manifold |
| WO2019122947A1 (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2019-06-27 | Volvo Truck Corporation | Sealing gasket, for sealing the connection between an exhaust manifold and a turbine |
| RU2696619C1 (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2019-08-05 | Акционерное Общество "Атомэнергопроект" | Nuclear reactor core melt localization device |
| KR102183232B1 (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2020-11-25 | (주)아이씨디 | Apparatus Connecting Gas Line Used In a Semiconductor equipment |
| US11162407B2 (en) * | 2020-02-26 | 2021-11-02 | Bostic Motors Inc. | Replacement exhaust manifold for retrofitting a turbocharger to an engine |
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- 2013-10-11 BR BR112015007293A patent/BR112015007293A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2013-10-11 US US14/432,272 patent/US9347361B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2013-10-11 EP EP13840163.3A patent/EP2900950B1/en not_active Not-in-force
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| CN107061040A (en) * | 2016-01-27 | 2017-08-18 | 福特环球技术公司 | Ignition type liquid-cooled internal combustion engine with cooling cylinder cover |
| CN107061040B (en) * | 2016-01-27 | 2021-07-02 | 福特环球技术公司 | Ignition type liquid cooling internal combustion engine with cooling cylinder cover |
| CN106762194A (en) * | 2017-01-24 | 2017-05-31 | 李斯特技术中心（上海）有限公司 | A kind of exhaust passage of naturally aspirated engine |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP2900950B1 (en) | 2019-04-10 |
| KR101687123B1 (en) | 2016-12-15 |
| IN2015DN02586A (en) | 2015-09-11 |
| EP2900950A2 (en) | 2015-08-05 |
| US20150226106A1 (en) | 2015-08-13 |
| US9347361B2 (en) | 2016-05-24 |
| JP2014080886A (en) | 2014-05-08 |
| WO2014060834A2 (en) | 2014-04-24 |
| KR20150045518A (en) | 2015-04-28 |
| BR112015007293A2 (en) | 2017-07-04 |
| CN104685179B (en) | 2018-01-16 |
| JP5757280B2 (en) | 2015-07-29 |
| WO2014060834A3 (en) | 2014-11-20 |
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