CN104638240A - Method for preparing lithium ion battery silicon carbon composite anode material and product prepared by method - Google Patents
Method for preparing lithium ion battery silicon carbon composite anode material and product prepared by method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104638240A CN104638240A CN201510061680.2A CN201510061680A CN104638240A CN 104638240 A CN104638240 A CN 104638240A CN 201510061680 A CN201510061680 A CN 201510061680A CN 104638240 A CN104638240 A CN 104638240A
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- lithium ion
- ion battery
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000011870 silicon-carbon composite anode material Substances 0.000 title abstract 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910000676 Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002153 silicon-carbon composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019422 polyvinyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Abietic-Saeure Natural products C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000084 Gum arabic Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000978776 Senegalia senegal Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000205 acacia gum Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010489 acacia gum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000001727 glucose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000632 Alusil Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid trimethyl ester Natural products COC(C)=O KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011295 pitch Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 27
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 24
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 abstract description 24
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011863 silicon-based powder Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 20
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910003481 amorphous carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- PYLLWONICXJARP-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese silicon Chemical compound [Si].[Mn] PYLLWONICXJARP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005543 nano-size silicon particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021426 porous silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002210 silicon-based material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/362—Composites
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/139—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/1393—Processes of manufacture of electrodes based on carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/139—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/1395—Processes of manufacture of electrodes based on metals, Si or alloys
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
- H01M4/386—Silicon or alloys based on silicon
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
- H01M4/583—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/027—Negative electrodes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for preparing a lithium ion battery silicon carbon composite anode material and a product prepared by the method and belongs to the technical field of a lithium ion battery anode material. The method comprises the following steps of adding silicon alloy powder into an acid liquor until the alloy is completely dissolved, washing by de-ionized water, placing into a hydrogen fluoride (HF) solution and stirring, again washing by the de-ionized water, performing vacuum drying, and dispersing into a dispersing agent to prepare a silicon powder dispersion liquid; uniformly mixing graphite, a binder and the silicon powder dispersion liquid; performing secondary vacuum drying; carbonizing; placing a carbonized product into the dispersing agent, adding a coating agent and uniformly stirring; performing third vacuum drying; and re-carbonizing. The mechanical stress generated due to volume expansion and shrinkage of silicon in charge and discharge processes can be relieved by a double-layer bonding and cladding model structure, thereby eliminating the volume effect.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the preparation method field of lithium ion battery composite material, especially, relate to a kind of composite cathode material of lithium ion battery and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Lithium ion battery because having the advantages such as specific energy is high, cell voltage is high, operating temperature range is wide, electric discharge is steady, storage life is long, and is widely used in various portable electric appts and electric automobile.Current business-like lithium ion battery negative material mainly carbon negative pole material, its theoretical specific capacity (372 mAh/g) can not satisfy the demands, therefore develop high power capacity, high compacted density, high cycle performance Novel anode material extremely urgent, become the emphasis of at present research.
The theoretical specific capacity (4200 mAh/g) of silicon Yin Qigao and by people's extensive concern, but huge volumetric expansion (400%) can be there is in it in charge and discharge process, thus cause the destruction of material structure, have a strong impact on the cycle performance of material.The volumetric expansion of current solution silicon is mainly through two kinds of modes: the first, adopting nano silicon material, in order to improve the cycle performance of elemental silicon, silicon nanometer can be reduced to a certain extent the change in volume of silicon, reduces electrode interior stress; The second, adopt silicon based composite material, because carbon has good flexibility, good electron conduction, less density, less volumetric expansion (10%), therefore become the active matrix of silicon based anode material.Silicon face carry out carbon coated after, be conducive to the contact of isolated silicon and electrolyte, reduce specific surface, reduce irreversible capacity, also prevent reunion and the growth of silicon grain in charge and discharge process simultaneously, thus improve the capacity retention energy of silicon based anode material.Disclosed in number of patent application 201210472581.X: the amorphous carbon layer coated Si granular system that Jiangsu Ke Jieli electricity Co., Ltd adopts the coated silica flour of PVC to prepare, improve structure and the electric conductivity of silicon materials, the bulk effect that lithium embeds and deviates from process can be stopped to a certain extent, thus the cycle performance of this material is improved.Power core new forms of energy adopt the method for pitch, the coated crystalline flake graphite of PVA, and first carry out the preparation of spherical precursor, then prepare through pelletizing high-temperature heat treatment the spherical silicon-carbon composite cathode material that core is incorgruous distribution, cycle performance comparatively pure silicon has greatly improved.But PVC coating layer is more crisp, be easy to destroyed.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiency of existing lithium ion battery negative material, the present invention aims to provide a kind of preparation method of silicon-carbon composite cathode material of lithium ion battery.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves the problem is as follows:
A preparation method for silicon-carbon composite cathode material of lithium ion battery, comprises the following steps:
A) join in acid solution by silicon alloy powder, treat that alloy dissolves completely, deionized water washs, and is placed in HF solution and stirs, again spend deionized water, vacuumize, then be dispersed in dispersant, obtained silica flour dispersion liquid;
B) graphite, binding agent, silica flour dispersion liquid are mixed;
C) secondary vacuum is dry;
D) carbonize;
E) carbonizing production is placed in dispersant, adds covering, mixes thoroughly;
F) three times vacuumize;
G) secondary charing.
Preferred as technique scheme, comprises the following steps:
A) silicon alloy powder adds in excessive hydrochloric acid solution, and constantly telluric magnetic force stirs, treat that the metal in alloy dissolves completely, deionized water washs, and is placed in HF solution and stirs 1-3 hour, repeatedly wash with deionized water again, vacuumize, drying time is 6-10h, and baking temperature is 60-100 DEG C, be placed in dispersant again to disperse, magnetic agitation 1-3 hour;
B) add binding agent in silica flour dispersion liquid to stir, add graphite again while stirring, mix;
C) secondary vacuum is dry, and drying time is 6-10h, and baking temperature is 60-100 DEG C;
D) carbonize first under inert atmosphere protection, carbonization temperature 800-1200 DEG C; Heating rate 3-8 DEG C/min, after rising to carbonization temperature, be incubated 4-8 hour, obtained carbonizing production first;
E) dispersant will be placed in by carbonizing production first, and add covering, mix thoroughly;
F) three times vacuumize, drying time is 6-10h, and baking temperature is 60-100 DEG C;
G) secondary charing under inert atmosphere protection, carbonization temperature 800-1200 DEG C; Heating rate 3-8 DEG C/min, after rising to carbonization temperature, be incubated 4-8 hour.
Preferred as technique scheme, described silicon alloy powder is one or more in alusil alloy, Antaciron, silicomangan.
Preferred as technique scheme, described graphite is one or more in Delanium, native graphite or carbonaceous mesophase spherules.
Preferred as technique scheme, described dispersant is one or more in water, absolute ethyl alcohol, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol, triethanolamine, isopropyl alcohol, propylene glycol, methyl acetate or ethyl acetate.
Preferred as technique scheme, described binding agent is one or more in pitch, gum arabic, polyvinyl alcohol, glucose, starch or rosin.
Preferred as technique scheme, described covering is one or more in phenolic resins, epoxy resin, ammonia phenolic resins, gum arabic, polyvinyl alcohol, glucose, starch or rosin.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of silicon-carbon composite cathode material of lithium ion battery obtained by said method.
The present invention has the following advantages:
(1) a kind of new preparation method of silicon-carbon composite cathode material of lithium ion battery is provided;
(2) silicon alloy of the present invention forms Porous Silicon structures after pickling, and cavernous structure contributes to the mechanical stress alleviating silicon volumetric expansion generation;
(3) the coated model structure of double-deck bonding of the present invention alleviates silicon because of volumetric expansion and the mechanical stress of shrinking generation in charge and discharge process, elimination bulk effect;
(4) production technology that silicon-carbon composite cathode material of lithium ion battery of the present invention is novel, has the advantages such as low production cost, technique is simple, large-scale production is easy;
(5) Si-C composite material prepared of the inventive method, is conducive to fast charging and discharging process, and improves specific capacity and the cyclical stability of material, can optimize quality and the structure of solid electrolyte film in initial charge process, realizes reducing irreversible capacity first.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The SEM collection of illustrative plates of Fig. 1 product prepared by the invention process case 1;
The XRD collection of illustrative plates of Fig. 2 product prepared by the invention process case 1;
First week charge and discharge electrograph of Fig. 3 product prepared by the invention process case 1.
Embodiment
For the ease of understanding the present invention, enumeration case of the present invention is as follows.Those skilled in the art should understand, described case study on implementation is only help to understand the present invention, instead of restriction the present invention.
Embodiment one:
Alusil alloy powder is added in 8% excessive hydrochloric acid solution, and continuous magnetic agitation, treat that the alloy in alloy dissolves completely, deionized water washs three times, be placed in HF solution and stir 2 hours, repeatedly wash with deionized water again, material is carried out vacuumize, drying time is 8h, baking temperature is 80 DEG C, be placed in organic solution again to disperse, magnetic agitation 2 hours, add pitch again to carry out stirring (pitch and silicon mass ratio are 6:1), mixing time is 2h, add Delanium again and carry out stirring 4h(silicon with Delanium quality than being 1:15), after stirring terminates, be placed in the dry 8h of vacuum drying chamber, baking temperature is 80 DEG C, after drying terminates, be placed in retort to carbonize, carbonization temperature is 1000 DEG C, insulation 6h, heating rate is 5 DEG C/min, after charing terminates, comminution of material, cross 200 mesh sieves.The afterproduct that will sieve again is placed in absolute ethyl alcohol, adds epoxy resin (epoxy resin and silicon mass ratio are 4:1), stirs 8h, after stirring terminates, be placed in the dry 8h of vacuum drying chamber, baking temperature is 80 DEG C, after drying terminates, be placed in retort to carbonize, carbonization temperature is 1000 DEG C, insulation 6h, heating rate is 5 DEG C/min, after charing terminates, comminution of material, crosses 200 mesh sieves.Obtain product of the present invention.
Prepared material is carried out button cell assembling, carries out constant current charge-discharge test to battery in 0.01V-2V voltage range, reversible capacity is up to 546mAh/g, and after 50 charge and discharges circulation, capacity keeps 92.7%.
Embodiment two:
Ferro-silicium powder is added in 8% excessive hydrochloric acid solution, and continuous magnetic agitation, treat that the alloy in alloy dissolves completely, deionized water washs three times, be placed in HF solution and stir 2 hours, repeatedly wash with deionized water again, material is carried out vacuumize, drying time is 8h, baking temperature is 80 DEG C, be placed in organic solution again to disperse, magnetic agitation 2 hours, add pitch again to carry out stirring (pitch and silicon mass ratio are 6:1), mixing time is 2h, add Delanium again and carry out stirring 4h(silicon with Delanium quality than being 1:15), after stirring terminates, be placed in the dry 8h of vacuum drying chamber, baking temperature is 80 ° of C, after drying terminates, be placed in retort to carbonize, carbonization temperature is 1000 DEG C, insulation 6h, heating rate is 5 DEG C/min, after charing terminates, comminution of material, cross 200 mesh sieves.The afterproduct that will sieve again is placed in absolute ethyl alcohol, adds phenolic resins (phenolic resins and silicon mass ratio are 4:1), stirs 8h, after stirring terminates, be placed in the dry 8h of vacuum drying chamber, baking temperature is 80 DEG C, after drying terminates, be placed in retort to carbonize, carbonization temperature is 1000 DEG C, insulation 6h, heating rate is 5 DEG C/min, after charing terminates, comminution of material, crosses 200 mesh sieves.Obtain product of the present invention.
Prepared material is carried out button cell assembling, carries out constant current charge-discharge test to battery in 0.01V-2V voltage range, reversible capacity is up to 520mAh/g, and after 50 charge and discharges circulation, capacity keeps 91.6%.
Embodiment three:
Manganese-silicon powder is added in 8% excessive hydrochloric acid solution, and continuous magnetic agitation, treat that the alloy in alloy dissolves completely, deionized water washs three times, be placed in HF solution and stir 2 hours, repeatedly wash with deionized water again, material is carried out vacuumize, drying time is 8h, baking temperature is 80 DEG C, be placed in organic solution again to disperse, magnetic agitation 2 hours, add pitch again to carry out stirring (pitch and silicon mass ratio are 6:1), mixing time is 2h, add Delanium again and carry out stirring 4h(silicon with Delanium quality than being 1:15), after stirring terminates, be placed in the dry 8h of vacuum drying chamber, baking temperature is 80 DEG C, after drying terminates, be placed in retort to carbonize, carbonization temperature is 1000 DEG C, insulation 6h, heating rate is 5 DEG C/min, after charing terminates, comminution of material, cross 200 mesh sieves.The afterproduct that will sieve again is placed in absolute ethyl alcohol, adds ammonia phenolic resins (ammonia phenolic resins and silicon mass ratio are 4:1), stirs 8h, after stirring terminates, be placed in the dry 8h of vacuum drying chamber, baking temperature is 80 DEG C, after drying terminates, be placed in retort to carbonize, carbonization temperature is 1000 DEG C, insulation 6h, heating rate is 5 DEG C/min, after charing terminates, comminution of material, crosses 200 mesh sieves.Obtain product of the present invention.
Prepared material is carried out button cell assembling, carries out constant current charge-discharge test to battery in 0.01V-2V voltage range, reversible capacity is up to 490mAh/g, and after 50 charge and discharges circulation, capacity keeps 92.7%.
Claims (8)
1. a preparation method for silicon-carbon composite cathode material of lithium ion battery, comprises the following steps:
A) join in acid solution by silicon alloy powder, treat that alloy dissolves completely, deionized water washs, and is placed in HF solution and stirs, again spend deionized water, vacuumize, then be dispersed in dispersant, obtained silica flour dispersion liquid;
B) graphite, binding agent, silica flour dispersion liquid are mixed;
C) secondary vacuum is dry;
D) carbonize;
E) carbonizing production is placed in dispersant, adds covering, mixes thoroughly;
F) three times vacuumize;
G) secondary charing.
2. a preparation method for silicon-carbon composite cathode material of lithium ion battery, comprises the following steps:
A) silicon alloy powder adds in excessive hydrochloric acid solution, and constantly telluric magnetic force stirs, treat that the metal in alloy dissolves completely, deionized water washs, and is placed in HF solution and stirs 1-3 hour, repeatedly wash with deionized water again, vacuumize, drying time is 6-10h, and baking temperature is 60-100 DEG C, be placed in dispersant again to disperse, magnetic agitation 1-3 hour;
B) add binding agent in silica flour dispersion liquid to stir, add graphite again while stirring, mix;
C) secondary vacuum is dry, and drying time is 6-10h, and baking temperature is 60-100 DEG C;
D) carbonize first under inert atmosphere protection, carbonization temperature 800-1200 DEG C; Heating rate 3-8 DEG C/min, after rising to carbonization temperature, be incubated 4-8 hour, obtained carbonizing production first;
E) dispersant will be placed in by carbonizing production first, and add covering, mix thoroughly;
F) three times vacuumize, drying time is 6-10h, and baking temperature is 60-100 DEG C;
G) secondary charing under inert atmosphere protection, carbonization temperature 800-1200 DEG C; Heating rate 3-8 DEG C/min, after rising to carbonization temperature, be incubated 4-8 hour.
3. the preparation method of a kind of silicon-carbon composite cathode material of lithium ion battery according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described silicon alloy powder is one or more in alusil alloy, Antaciron, silicomangan.
4. the preparation method of a kind of silicon-carbon composite cathode material of lithium ion battery according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described graphite is one or more in Delanium, native graphite or carbonaceous mesophase spherules.
5. the preparation method of a kind of silicon-carbon composite cathode material of lithium ion battery according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described dispersant is one or more in water, absolute ethyl alcohol, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol, triethanolamine, isopropyl alcohol, propylene glycol, methyl acetate or ethyl acetate.
6. the preparation method of a kind of silicon-carbon composite cathode material of lithium ion battery according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described binding agent is one or more in pitch, gum arabic, polyvinyl alcohol, glucose, starch or rosin.
7. the preparation method of a kind of silicon-carbon composite cathode material of lithium ion battery according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described covering is one or more in phenolic resins, epoxy resin, ammonia phenolic resins, gum arabic, polyvinyl alcohol, glucose, starch or rosin.
8. by the silicon-carbon composite cathode material of lithium ion battery that method described in above-mentioned arbitrary claim is obtained.
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