CN104607634B - 一种环形稀土永磁体内孔外圆加工方法及专用装置 - Google Patents

一种环形稀土永磁体内孔外圆加工方法及专用装置 Download PDF

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CN104607634B
CN104607634B CN201510030808.9A CN201510030808A CN104607634B CN 104607634 B CN104607634 B CN 104607634B CN 201510030808 A CN201510030808 A CN 201510030808A CN 104607634 B CN104607634 B CN 104607634B
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CN104607634A (zh
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张越
李凯
冯向东
孙小平
张晋生
刘俊宝
赵俊星
吴雅杰
刘鹏
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Baotou Jin Menghuici Ltd Material Responsible Co
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Abstract

一种环形稀土永磁体内孔外圆加工方法。稀土永磁体是一种硬脆性材料，采用传统加工工艺加工过程中易出现破损，并且生产效率比较低，难以保证尺寸精度。本发明毛坯直接压制成圆环，主要加工方法：以环形圆柱内孔定位配制芯轴，粗磨加工外圆，达到外圆70‑80%见光，外径尺寸大于成品尺寸0.5‑1毫米，以便精磨；钻铣床以外圆定位、用工装夹紧外圆，采用可调节外径的电镀金刚砂磨轮匀速进刀粗磨内孔，按成品内孔尺寸留加工余量0.2‑0.3mm，精磨内孔达到成品尺寸；再以内孔尺寸配置芯轴精磨外圆，达到成品尺寸。本发明降低生产成本15‑20%，提高了材料利用率，提高了生产效率，具有新颖性、实用性、安全、环保。

Description

一种环形稀土永磁体内孔外圆加工方法及专用装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种环形稀土永磁体内孔外圆加工方法及专用装置，属于新材料钕铁硼磁体制造领域。
背景技术
烧结钕铁硼永磁材料是一种硬脆性材料，传统加工工艺方法加工过程中易出现破损，且生产效率比较低下，又难以验证尺寸精度。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种环形稀土永磁体内孔外圆加工方法及专用装置，通过该方法及专用装置加工烧结钕铁硼永磁材料内孔外圆降低破损率，同轴达到0.015mm,椭圆度达0.001mm，生产效率高，安全环保。
技术解决方案
一种环形稀土永磁体内孔外圆加工模具，包括两个相对称设置的外环压头，包括两个相对称设置的外环压头，所述外环压头内侧为半圆弧形，两外环压头对接处设有U形填料隔板，两外环压头对接后形成压模，压模中部为圆形空腔，圆形空腔中心部位设有芯轴，压模的前、后两端分别设有不导磁侧板，压模顶部和底部分别设有导磁侧板。
所述外环压头外侧壁上设有凸块。
一种用于加工环形稀土永磁体内孔外圆的电镀金刚砂磨轮，所述磨轮端面中心处设有锥度为60度的锥孔，锥孔与中心螺纹孔相连通，锥孔安装有锥套，调节螺丝通过锥套置于中心螺纹孔内，所述磨轮轴向均布调节缝隙，周向端面上均布有润滑冷却油孔，润滑冷却油孔置于调节缝隙之间。
所述磨轮轴向至少设置均布四条调节缝隙。
调节缝隙为0.6 mm -0.8mm。
所述磨轮砂粒度80#-150#，磨轮材料采用45#钢。
一种环形稀土永磁体内孔外圆加工方法，步骤如下：
1）毛坯在模具内直接压制成圆环，圆环的环形内孔与芯轴配合；
2）采用外圆磨床粗磨加工圆环外圆，当圆环外圆表面见光面积达70-80%，圆环毛坯外径尺寸大于成品尺寸0.8-1.2mm；
3）将步骤2）中的磨光后的圆环毛坯在钻铣床上以外圆定位、用钻铣床工装夹紧外圆，采用可调节外径的电镀金刚砂磨轮匀速进刀粗磨内孔，按成品内孔尺寸留加工余量0.2mm -0.3mm；
4）步骤3）中粗磨后的圆环内孔再进行精磨，精磨至内圆环孔与到成品尺寸相同；
5）步骤4）圆环精磨后的圆环配置在芯轴上，用外圆磨床再进行精磨圆环外圆，圆环外径与成品相同后制备出符合用户尺寸和精度要求的产品。
本发明方法通过参数设定，毛坯直接压制成圆环，以内孔为基准粗磨外圆，再以外圆为基准粗磨、精磨内孔，最后以内孔定位，精磨外圆，得到降低破损率，同轴达到0.015mm,椭圆度达0.001mm的产品，生产效率高，安全环保。
附图说明
图1为普通钻铣床结构示意图；
图2为图1的A向图；
图3本发明模具结构示意图；
图4为电镀金刚砂磨轮结构示意图；
图5为图3的侧视图。
具体实施方式
本发明通过专用模具制备出环形稀土永磁体毛坯，模具包括两个相对称设置的外环压头1，外环压头1外侧壁上设有凸块3，所述外环压头1内侧为半圆弧形2，两外环压头1对接处设有U形填料隔板4，两外环压头1对接后形成压模，压模中部为圆形空腔5，圆形空腔5中心部位设有芯轴6，压模的前、后两端分别设有不导磁侧板7，压模顶部和底部分别设有导磁侧板8，圆环的环形内孔与芯轴6配合，制备出圆环毛坯，将圆环毛坯采用外圆磨床粗磨加工圆环外圆，当圆环外圆表面见光面积达70-80%，圆环毛坯外径尺寸大于成品尺寸0.8-1.2mm；
一种用于加工环形稀土永磁体内孔外圆的电镀金刚砂磨轮，所述磨轮9端面中心处设有锥度为60度的锥孔，锥孔与中心螺纹孔相连通，锥孔安装有锥套10，调节螺丝11通过锥套置于中心螺纹孔内，所述磨轮轴向均布调节缝隙，在磨轮周向端面上均布有润滑冷却油孔，润滑冷却油孔置于调节缝隙之间，所述磨轮9轴向至少设置均布四条调节缝隙用于调节涨开度，调节缝隙为0.6 mm -0.8mm，所述磨轮9砂粒度80#-150#，磨轮9材料采用45#钢。
环形稀土永磁体内孔外圆加工步骤如下：
1）毛坯在模具内直接压制成圆环，圆环的环形内孔与芯轴6配合；
2）采用外圆磨床粗磨加工圆环外圆，当圆环外圆表面见光面积达70-80%，圆环毛坯外径尺寸大于成品尺寸0.8-1.2mm；
3）将步骤2）中的磨光后的圆环毛坯在钻铣床上以外圆定位、用钻铣床工装夹紧外圆，采用可调节外径的电镀金刚砂磨轮9匀速进刀粗磨内孔，按成品内孔尺寸留加工余量0.2 mm -0.3mm；
4）步骤3）中粗磨后的圆环内孔再进行精磨，精磨至内圆环孔与到成品尺寸相同；
5）步骤4）圆环精磨后的圆环配置在芯轴6上，用外圆磨床再进行精磨圆环外圆，圆环外径与成品相同后制备出同轴达到0.015mm,椭圆度达0.001mm的符合用户尺寸和精度要求的产品。

Claims (1)

1.环形稀土永磁体内孔外圆的加工方法，其特征在于，步骤如下：
1）在模具内直接压制成圆环毛坯，圆环的环形内孔与芯轴配合；
2）采用外圆磨床粗磨加工圆环外圆，当圆环外圆表面见光面积达70-80%，圆环毛坯外径尺寸大于成品尺寸0.8-1.2mm；
3）将步骤2）中的磨光后的圆环毛坯在钻铣床上以外圆定位、用钻铣床工装夹紧外圆，采用可调节外径的电镀金刚砂磨轮匀速进刀粗磨内孔，按成品内孔尺寸留加工余量0.2mm-0.3mm；
4）步骤3）中粗磨后的圆环内孔再进行精磨，精磨至圆环内孔到与成品尺寸相同；
5）步骤4）圆环精磨后的圆环配置在芯轴上，用外圆磨床再进行精磨圆环外圆，圆环外径与成品相同后制备出符合用户尺寸和精度要求的产品；
所述模具，包括两个相对称设置的外环压头，所述外环压头内侧为半圆弧形，两外环压头对接处设有U形填料隔板，两外环压头对接后形成压模，压模中部为圆形空腔，圆形空腔中心部位设有芯轴，压模的前、后两端分别设有不导磁侧板，压模顶部和底部分别设有导磁侧板，所述外环压头外侧壁上设有凸块。
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