CN104605178A - High quality chicken production breeding method - Google Patents
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Abstract
A high quality chicken production breeding method is characterized in that: in the whole broiler chicken growth process, a livestock and poultry feed containing a Chinese herbal medicine feed additive is used for feeding, the Chinese herbal medicine feed additive includes the following components: plantain, andrographis paniculata, astragalus, fructus amomi, medicated leaven, codonopsis pilosula, herba epimedii, pokeberry root, rhizoma polygonati, magnolia bark, schisandra fruit, acanthopanax bark, cyrtomium rhizome, radix et rhizoma rhei, herba houttuyniae, raw ginger, mulberries, mint, herba lophatheri, cape jasmine, radix scutellariae, reed root, burdock, hawthorn, liquorice, pine needle powder and the like. The high quality chicken production breeding method aims to solve the problems of adverse drugs and heavy metal residues in animal body, poor meat quality and the like, safe, green, delicious and sweet animal meat can be produced, at the same time, the animal immunity ability is strengthened, growth is promoted, and morbidity and mortality can be reduced without using any antibiotic drug additives.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to animal feeding technical field, be specifically related to a kind of method for breeding producing safety, green, delicious, fragrant and sweet chicken meat.
Background technology
The aquaculture of current China is towards intensive, scale development, and Animal diseases are the important bottlenecks of puzzlement the sector development always.The existing topmost approach of prevention and therapy Animal diseases uses antibiotic, it to a certain degree can suppress the growth of pathogen, reach cure the disease, the effect of diseases prevention, but also inhibits normal flora in animal intestinal to play a role simultaneously, cause microbial population of animal intestinal tract unbalance, so that animal body immunity function is suppressed, makes animal be more prone to infect new pathogen and then fall ill.In recent years, the serious consequence that abuse of antibiotics causes as antibody-resistant bacterium constantly increase, antibiotic residue waits so long the health of serious threat to the mankind, has caused everybody concern.European Union has completely forbidden and added antibiotic in animal and fowl fodder from January, 2006.Subsequently, the Asia developed country such as Japan and Korea S has also in succession formulated livestock and poultry antibiotic-free and has raised specification.Before and after the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games, China also starts to obtain the unprecedented attention of various circles of society in the cultivation of livestock and poultry nonreactive.
Since 20th century 70, the eighties, the researcher of countries in the world successively pays close attention to the research of the livestock and poultry cultivation mode that antibiotic-free adds, and especially utilizes microorganism formulation fermentation for the research of antibiotic-free feed, and has made some progress.Existing market has occurred the fermenting agent of variation, Various Functions, such as university of Japanese Ryukyu studies according to professor's nineteen eighty-two the vigor 99, Yishengkang, carbohydrase etc. that successful EM bacterium, the NS lactic acid bacteria of Chinese doctor Jin Feng and China promotes the use of than good.These fermenting agents can decompose, utilize livestock and poultry diet (or with the leftover bits and pieces produced in industrial production, waste residue for raw material, realize recycling) in carbon and nitrogen sources be converted into the microbial bacteria body protein being easy to animal digestion, absorption, and fragrant, the good palatability of feed after fermentation, can stimulating animal appetite, reach the effect that livestock and poultry increase food and growth fast, weightening finish.In whole feeding process, do not need add or add antibiotics on a small quantity, only utilize the beneficial microbe that contains in feed to maintain micro-ecological environment in livestock and poultry body, suppress the growth of pathogenic bacteria, just can effectively improve livestock and poultry physique and resistance against diseases.
Present people also add Chinese herbal medicine in livestock and poultry diet, and mix with fermentation raw material, prepare the mixed feed containing probio, enzyme preparation, Chinese herbal medicine, in feed, the combination of three kinds of acting factors has synergistic effect, the anti pathologic immunity power can prevented and treated Animal diseases better, promote growth of animal, improve livestock and poultry.Such as, Chinese patent (CN 102318735 A) discloses a kind of antibiotic-free mixed feedstuff, and this feed comprises mixed fodder containing Chinese herbal medicine and multiple probio composite fermentation material, and its ratio of weight and number is: 2 ~ 8:98 ~ 92; Wherein Chinese herbal medicine mixed fodder comprises: Chinese herbal medicine and balloonflower root, dregs of beans, peanut meal, corn flour, wheat flour, calcium monohydrogen phosphate, salt, composite trace element, B B-complex, the Se-enriched yeasts such as ginkgo leaf, caulis lonicerae, balloonflower root; Multiple probio composite fermentation material is tamed by object by microorganism fungus kind, again by the fermentation of solid-state fermentation culture medium list bacterium, and then composite and obtain, comprise Enterococcus faecalis fermentation material, the lichen bacillus ferments material, S. cervisiae fermentation material, Li Shi Trichoderma fermentation material, black-koji mould fermentation material; This antibiotic-free mixed feedstuff has growth promotion, has no side effect, and antibiotic-free remains, pollution-free, without the resistance to the action of a drug, can improve efficiency of feed utilization, promotes that livestock birds health grows and meat quality is good.Chinese patent (CN102813056A) discloses a kind of microbial degradation feed, this feed is made up of Chinese herbal feed additive and raw siccative, Chinese herbal feed additive and the mass ratio of raw dry feed be 5 ~ 8:92 ~ 95, wherein Chinese herbal feed additive comprises following raw material: ginseng leftover pieces powder, Radix Isatidis powder, danshen powder, mulberry leaf powder, sweet wormwood powder and Acer truncatum leaves powder; Raw dry feed comprises following raw material: grass tree section seed powder, wheat bran and Soybean Meal; This feed nutrient is complete, and its medicinal ingredient can improving pork quality, and no drug residue, agriculture are residual, and heavy metal component content is almost nil.
But, see by Chinese present circumstances, adopt nonreactive livestock breeding model cultivation ratio still on the low side, major part raiser is still with containing the feed of the additive such as hormone, antibiotic, livestock and poultry eat containing after hormone, antibiotic feed, can directly affect the livestock meat quality produced, and the excreta transforming discharge also remains the chemical addition agent such as hormone, antibiotic, because farm animal excrement is generally used as the bio-feritlizer of crops, will indirectly make crops cause secondary pollution, remain the chemical agent in feed.Moreover the dispenser fertilising in plant growing process, also can cause the residual of agricultural chemicals, heavy metal.The events such as the rice occurred in recent years as China exceeds standard every metal, clenbuterol hydrochloride is poisoning, malicious milk powder, malicious lime-preserved egg just demonstrate this point.And above-mentioned fermented feed mainly with five cereals such as cereal, beans, potato classes for prepared by fermentation raw material, livestock and poultry can cause cyclic polluting again after eating fermented feed, the livestock and poultry meat produced remains the harmful substances such as chemical agent, agricultural chemicals, heavy metal, and the health of people in existing serious threat.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of new Chinese herbal feed additive and Chinese herbal medicine mixed culture fermentation feed, their preparation method is provided simultaneously, and adopt the method for this Chinese herbal medicine mixed culture fermentation feed feeding dorking, to be intended to solve in Broiler Chicken the problems such as unfavorable chemicals, heavy-metal residual and meat quality difference, to produce safety, green, delicious, fragrant and sweet muscle; Meanwhile, strengthen broiler chicken immunocompetence, growth promotion, reduces broiler chicken M & M when not using any antibiotics medicine additive.
Concrete, technical scheme of the present invention is:
Produce a method for breeding for high-quality chicken, namely in the whole growth course of broiler chicken, adopt the animal and fowl fodder containing Chinese herbal feed additive to feed, wherein, described Chinese herbal feed additive is made up of the herbal component comprising following ratio of weight and number: Asiatic plantain 5 ~ 15 parts, Herba Andrographitis 3 ~ 10 parts, the Radix Astragali 3 ~ 8 parts, fructus amomi 0 ~ 8 part, Divine Comedy 0 ~ 8 part, Radix Codonopsis 2 ~ 6 parts, barrenwort 3 ~ 8 parts, 3 ~ 8 parts, trade route, sealwort 2 ~ 6 parts, the bark of official magnolia 5 ~ 10 parts, 0 ~ 8 part, the fruit of Chinese magnoliavine, cortex acanthopanacis 3 ~ 8 parts, rhizome of cyrtomium 0 ~ 5 part, rheum officinale 3 ~ 8 parts, cordate houttuynia 3 ~ 10 parts, 0 ~ 8 part, ginger, mulberries 3 ~ 8 parts, peppermint 3 ~ 8 parts, lophatherum gracile 3 ~ 10 parts, mountain Cape jasmine 3 ~ 8 parts, the root of large-flowered skullcap 3 ~ 8 parts, reed rhizome 0 ~ 8 part, great burdock achene 0 ~ 8 part, hawthorn 3 ~ 10 parts, 3 ~ 10 parts, Radix Glycyrrhizae, pine needle meal 3 ~ 10 parts.
The security of livestock and poultry (as chicken, duck, goose, pig, ox, sheep etc.) meat is mainly by the impact of chemical addition agent, agricultural chemicals and heavy-metal residual.One is a large amount of uses as number of chemical additives such as antibiotic, hormone, excitant, anticorrisive agents, can residue in livestock and poultry body; Two is that livestock and poultry staple food grain is subject to the pollution of residues of pesticides, heavy metals exceeding standard as corn, dregs of beans, wheat bran, rice bran etc., after livestock and poultry eat, also can residue in livestock and poultry body.To chemical addition agent, agricultural chemicals, effectively the evading of heavy metal harmful substance, be to provide the guarantee of health, safe livestock and poultry meat.
The Chinese herbal medicine Asiatic plantain that Chinese herbal feed additive of the present invention adopts have promoting diuresis for stranguria, clearing heat and detoxicating, clear liver and improve vision, eliminate the phlegm, effect of antidiarrheal; Herba Andrographitis has effect of clearing heat and detoxicating, anti-inflammatory, swelling and pain relieving; The Radix Astragali has enhanced machine body immunity function, protects the liver, diuresis, anti-ageing, resisting stress and antibacterial effect; Fructus amomi has dampness elimination appetizing, warming spleen and stopping diarrha effect; Divine Comedy has reinforcing spleen to promote digestion, regulating QI to expel dampness, the effect of inducing sweat; Radix Codonopsis has tonifying middle-Jiao and Qi, quenches the thirst, effect of invigorating the spleen benefit lung, nourishing blood to promote the production of body fluid; Effect that barrenwort has tonifying kidney and strengthening yang, dispels rheumatism; Trade route has eliminating the phlegm, relievings asthma, antibechic, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, diuresis effect; Sealwort has effect of boosting qi and nourishing yin, invigorating the spleen, moistening lung, kidney-nourishing; The bark of official magnolia has effect of promoting the circulation of qi dampness elimination, warming middle energizer to relieve pain, relieving asthma; The fruit of Chinese magnoliavine have astringe the lung, nourshing kidney, promote the production of body fluid, receive sweat, puckery essence effect; Cortex acanthopanacis has wines used as antirheumatic, tonifies the liver and kidney, strengthens muscles and bones, effect of inducing diuresis for removing edema; Rhizome of cyrtomium has effect of heat-clearing, removing toxic substances, cool blood, hemostasis; Rheum officinale has attacks stagnant, clearing away damp-heat, purging intense heat, cool blood, effect such as the stasis of blood, removing toxic substances of dispelling; Cordate houttuynia can clearing heat and detoxicating, detumescence treat sore, promoting urination and removing dampness, clearing away heat to cure dysentery, stomach strengthening and digestion promoting, cure mainly real heat, heat poison, damp evil, disease heat for trouble lung carbuncle, sore swollen toxin, hemorrhoidal hemorrhage, retention of heat in the spleen and stomach etc.; Ginger has effect of inducing sweat loose cold, warming middle energizer to arrest vomiting, warm lung cough-relieving, removing toxic substances; Mulberries have nourishing yin and supplementing blood, promote the production of body fluid moisturize, effect of ease constipation toxin expelling; Peppermint has effect of dispelling wind and heat from the body, the clear sharp head, relieve sore throat promoting eruption, soothing the liver promoting the circulation of qi; Lophatherum gracile has effect of clearing heat and relieving fidgetness, diuresis; Mountain Cape jasmine has effect of heat-clearing, purging intense heat, removing toxic substances, cool blood; The root of large-flowered skullcap has effect of heat-clearing and damp-drying drug, purging intense heat and detonicating, hemostasis; Reed rhizome has clearing heat-fire, promotes the production of body fluid to quench thirst, relieving restlessness, preventing or arresting vomiting, diuresis effect; Great burdock achene has effect of dispelling wind and heat from the body, a surname's lung promoting eruption, relieve sore throat dissipating bind, removing toxicity for detumescence; Hawthorn has the effects such as reducing blood lipid, blood pressure, cardiac stimulant, arrhythmia, is also simultaneously the good medicine of spleen benefiting and stimulating the appetite, relieving dyspepsia, phlegm reduction of blood circulation promoting, and the disease such as, hernia, blood stasis full to chest diaphragm spleen, amenorrhoea has good curative effect; Radix Glycyrrhizae has clearing heat and detoxicating, expelling phlegm and arresting coughing, gastral cavity abdomen effect; Pine needle meal is the additive for farm animal feed that a kind of nutritive value is higher, all has obvious effect to promotion animal growth and development, enhancing premunition and raising reproductive function etc.
Most Chinese herbal medicines have the double action of trophism and Drug concurrently, animal body glycometabolism can be promoted, promote the synthesis of protein and enzyme, body antibody titer can be increased again, stimulate gonad development, there is bactericidal, conditioner body immunity function and non-specific antimicrobial effect.The Chinese herbal medicine that Chinese herb feed additive of the present invention adopts itself has the effect of bactericidal; its active ingredient such as alkaloid, polysaccharide, saponin, anthracene class, volatile oil and organic acid etc. are absorbed the rear microcirculation participated in animal body by animal body; improve chemical environment and the physical environment of cell; the potential of excitating organism self; thus realize the normalization of histocyte organ dysfunction; the non-specific immune function of further raising body and premunition, make animal in whole feeding process, reach the object not using antibiosis class medicine.And Chinese herbal medicine lophatherum gracile, mountain Cape jasmine, the root of large-flowered skullcap, reed rhizome, great burdock achene etc. selected by Chinese herb feed additive of the present invention have effect of removing toxic substances, diuresis, contribute to the toxin expelling effect accelerating liver, kidney, the toxin such as chemical addition agent, agricultural chemicals, heavy metal passed through some row metabolic responses or directly get rid of external.Meanwhile, the interpolation of aromatics Chinese herbal medicine as fructus amomi, ginger, peppermint etc. effectively can improve meat flavor.Therefore, in animal and fowl fodder, add the interpolation that Chinese herbal feed additive of the present invention can stop all antibiosis class medicines, accelerate the eliminating of various toxin, improve meat quality, produce safety, green, delicious, fragrant and sweet animal meat.
Further, the invention discloses the preparation method of said herbal medicine feed addictive, comprise the following steps:
(1) by following Chinese herbal medicine: Asiatic plantain, Herba Andrographitis, the Radix Astragali, fructus amomi, Divine Comedy, Radix Codonopsis, barrenwort, trade route, sealwort, the bark of official magnolia, the fruit of Chinese magnoliavine, cortex acanthopanacis, rhizome of cyrtomium, rheum officinale, cordate houttuynia, ginger, mulberries, peppermint, lophatherum gracile, mountain Cape jasmine, the root of large-flowered skullcap, reed rhizome, great burdock achene, hawthorn, Radix Glycyrrhizae, pine needle meal, cleaning, dry;
(2) take through cleaning by following ratio of weight and number, dried Chinese herbal medicine: Asiatic plantain 5 ~ 15 parts, Herba Andrographitis 3 ~ 10 parts, the Radix Astragali 3 ~ 8 parts, fructus amomi 0 ~ 8 part, Divine Comedy 0 ~ 8 part, Radix Codonopsis 2 ~ 6 parts, barrenwort 3 ~ 8 parts, 3 ~ 8 parts, trade route, sealwort 2 ~ 6 parts, the bark of official magnolia 5 ~ 10 parts, 0 ~ 8 part, the fruit of Chinese magnoliavine, cortex acanthopanacis 3 ~ 8 parts, rhizome of cyrtomium 0 ~ 5 part, rheum officinale 3 ~ 8 parts, cordate houttuynia 3 ~ 10 parts, 0 ~ 8 part, ginger, mulberries 3 ~ 8 parts, peppermint 3 ~ 8 parts, lophatherum gracile 3 ~ 10 parts, mountain Cape jasmine 3 ~ 8 parts, the root of large-flowered skullcap 3 ~ 8 parts, reed rhizome 0 ~ 8 part, great burdock achene 0 ~ 8 part, hawthorn 3 ~ 10 parts, 3 ~ 10 parts, Radix Glycyrrhizae, pine needle meal 3 ~ 10 parts,
(3) load weighted Chinese herbal medicine is pulverized, cross 60 ~ 100 mesh sieves, to obtain final product.
Said method is preparation method conventional at present, has the advantage that production equipment is few, processing cost is low, but there is the defect of Product transport, preservation inconvenience, promotes difficulty large.
Chinese herbal feed additive of the present invention can also be adopted and prepare with the following method, comprises the following steps:
(1) by following Chinese herbal medicine: Asiatic plantain, Herba Andrographitis, the Radix Astragali, fructus amomi, Divine Comedy, Radix Codonopsis, barrenwort, trade route, sealwort, the bark of official magnolia, the fruit of Chinese magnoliavine, cortex acanthopanacis, rhizome of cyrtomium, rheum officinale, cordate houttuynia, ginger, mulberries, peppermint, lophatherum gracile, mountain Cape jasmine, the root of large-flowered skullcap, reed rhizome, great burdock achene, hawthorn, Radix Glycyrrhizae, pine needle meal, cleaning, dry;
(2) take through cleaning by following ratio of weight and number, dried Chinese herbal medicine: Asiatic plantain 5 ~ 15 parts, Herba Andrographitis 3 ~ 10 parts, the Radix Astragali 3 ~ 8 parts, fructus amomi 0 ~ 8 part, Divine Comedy 0 ~ 8 part, Radix Codonopsis 2 ~ 6 parts, barrenwort 3 ~ 8 parts, 3 ~ 8 parts, trade route, sealwort 2 ~ 6 parts, the bark of official magnolia 5 ~ 10 parts, 0 ~ 8 part, the fruit of Chinese magnoliavine, cortex acanthopanacis 3 ~ 8 parts, rhizome of cyrtomium 0 ~ 5 part, rheum officinale 3 ~ 8 parts, cordate houttuynia 3 ~ 10 parts, 0 ~ 8 part, ginger, mulberries 3 ~ 8 parts, peppermint 3 ~ 8 parts, lophatherum gracile 3 ~ 10 parts, mountain Cape jasmine 3 ~ 8 parts, the root of large-flowered skullcap 3 ~ 8 parts, reed rhizome 0 ~ 8 part, great burdock achene 0 ~ 8 part, hawthorn 3 ~ 10 parts, 3 ~ 10 parts, Radix Glycyrrhizae, pine needle meal 3 ~ 10 parts,
(3) load weighted Chinese herbal medicine is added water or alcohol extract, filter;
(4) merge extract, be condensed into thick paste, dry;
(5) pulverize, 60 ~ 100 mesh sieves, to obtain final product.
After water or alcohol extract, effectively impurity can be removed, purifying active ingredient, with the alcohol extract of variable concentrations, conventional water extraction and alcohol precipitation method or ethanol extract from water precipitation can be can also adopted.The active component extracted can also be mixed and made into various formulation with auxiliary material, as powder, granule, tablet etc.These auxiliary materials should be that those of ordinary skill in the art knows, as starch, dextrin, microcrystalline cellulose etc.
Further illustrate as of the present invention, described animal and fowl fodder (i.e. Chinese herbal medicine mixed culture fermentation feed, lower same) comprises the mixed dry material containing said herbal medicine feed addictive and the fermentation material through slaking of fermenting; Wherein, described mixed dry material comprises the raw material components of following ratio of weight and number: corn flour 80 ~ 100 parts, dregs of beans are or/and the dish dregs of rice are or/and cotton dregs 80 ~ 100 parts, 15 ~ 30 parts, wheat bran, 15 ~ 30 parts, rice bran, zeolite powder 0 ~ 10 part, calcium bicarbonate or calcium monohydrogen phosphate 3 ~ 7 parts, salt 1 ~ 3 part, mineral matter element 0.5 ~ 1 part, 0.5 ~ 1 part, amino acid, vitamin 1 ~ 2 part and Chinese herbal feed additive 5 ~ 15 parts; In ratio of weight and number, described fermentation material is by comprising following raw material components: manioc waste is or/and 450 ~ 550 parts, bean dregs, corn flour 30 ~ 70 parts, dregs of beans are or/and the dish dregs of rice are or/and cotton dregs 30 ~ 70 parts, non protein nitrogen 5 ~ 15, add fermenting agent 10 ~ 30 parts, obtain through mixed culture fermentation preparation.
As further illustrating of described Chinese herbal medicine mixed culture fermentation feed, the weight ratio of described mixed dry material and fermentation material is 1:1 ~ 3.
By biofermentation technique, prepare fermentative feedstuff of microbe, effectively can improve the palatability of feed, improve efficiency of feed utilization.Fermentation material through fermentation contains the materials such as the polypeptide of a large amount of mycoproteins, amino acid and develop immunitypty, little peptide, nutritious, be easy to animal absorb, animal growth rate can be accelerated, also can utilize the micro-ecological environment in beneficial microbe maintenance animal body, suppress the growth of pathogenic bacteria, improve animal physique and resistance against diseases.Described mixed dry material and fermentation material are pressed than row mixed feeding animal, both coordinative roles, the effect multiplication of performance.
As further illustrating of said herbal medicine mixed culture fermentation feed, described mineral matter element comprises containing the above combination of any one or a few in the compound of medium trace element calcium, sodium, copper, iron, manganese, zinc, selenium, iodine.
As further illustrating of said herbal medicine mixed culture fermentation feed, described amino acid comprises any one or a few the above combination in lysine, methionine, tryptophan, threonine, arginine, phenylalanine, isoleucine, leucine, histidine, valine.
As further illustrating of said herbal medicine mixed culture fermentation feed, described vitamin comprises any one or a few the above combination in vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B3, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, vitamin C, vitamin D, vitamin E.
As further illustrating of said herbal medicine mixed culture fermentation feed, described non protein nitrogen comprise in urea, ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate, carbonic hydroammonium, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP), diammonium hydrogen phosphate, urea phosphate, sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate any one or more than one combination.
As further illustrating of said herbal medicine mixed culture fermentation feed, described fermenting agent obtains through expanding cultivation preparation by comprising following fermented bacterium: lactic acid bacteria, bacillus subtilis, aspergillus niger and saccharomycete.Described fermented bacterium is the production bacterial classification that feed (additive) routine uses, and cultivates obtain by oneself, also can directly buy from bacterial classification manufacturing enterprise or businessman.
The invention also discloses the preparation method of described Chinese herbal medicine mixed culture fermentation feed, comprise the following steps:
(1) preparation of mixed dry material:
In ratio of weight and number, take following raw material components: corn flour 80 ~ 100 parts, dregs of beans are or/and the dish dregs of rice are or/and cotton dregs 80 ~ 100 parts, 15 ~ 30 parts, wheat bran, 15 ~ 30 parts, rice bran, zeolite powder 0 ~ 10 part, calcium bicarbonate or calcium monohydrogen phosphate 3 ~ 7 parts, salt 1 ~ 3 part, mineral matter element 0.5 ~ 1 part, 0.5 ~ 1 part, amino acid, vitamin 1 ~ 2 part and Chinese herbal feed additive 5 ~ 15 parts; Mixing, to obtain final product;
Wherein, the preparation of described Chinese herbal feed additive comprises the following steps:
1. by following Chinese herbal medicine: Asiatic plantain, Herba Andrographitis, the Radix Astragali, fructus amomi, Divine Comedy, Radix Codonopsis, barrenwort, trade route, sealwort, the bark of official magnolia, the fruit of Chinese magnoliavine, cortex acanthopanacis, rhizome of cyrtomium, rheum officinale, cordate houttuynia, ginger, mulberries, peppermint, lophatherum gracile, mountain Cape jasmine, the root of large-flowered skullcap, reed rhizome, great burdock achene, hawthorn, Radix Glycyrrhizae, pine needle meal, clean, dry;
2. take through cleaning by following ratio of weight and number, dried Chinese herbal medicine: Asiatic plantain 5 ~ 15 parts, Herba Andrographitis 3 ~ 10 parts, the Radix Astragali 3 ~ 8 parts, fructus amomi 0 ~ 8 part, Divine Comedy 0 ~ 8 part, Radix Codonopsis 2 ~ 6 parts, barrenwort 3 ~ 8 parts, 3 ~ 8 parts, trade route, sealwort 2 ~ 6 parts, the bark of official magnolia 5 ~ 10 parts, 0 ~ 8 part, the fruit of Chinese magnoliavine, cortex acanthopanacis 3 ~ 8 parts, rhizome of cyrtomium 0 ~ 5 part, rheum officinale 3 ~ 8 parts, cordate houttuynia 3 ~ 10 parts, 0 ~ 8 part, ginger, mulberries 3 ~ 8 parts, peppermint 3 ~ 8 parts, lophatherum gracile 3 ~ 10 parts, mountain Cape jasmine 3 ~ 8 parts, the root of large-flowered skullcap 3 ~ 8 parts, reed rhizome 0 ~ 8 part, great burdock achene 0 ~ 8 part, hawthorn 3 ~ 10 parts, 3 ~ 10 parts, Radix Glycyrrhizae, pine needle meal 3 ~ 10 parts,
3. load weighted Chinese herbal medicine is pulverized, cross 60 ~ 100 mesh sieves, to obtain final product; Or, load weighted Chinese herbal medicine is added water or alcohol extract, filters, then merge extract, be condensed into thick paste, dry, finally pulverize, 60 ~ 100 mesh sieves, to obtain final product;
(2) preparation of fermentation material: in ratio of weight and number, take following raw material components: manioc waste is or/and 450 ~ 550 parts, bean dregs, corn flour 30 ~ 70 parts, dregs of beans are or/and the dish dregs of rice are or/and cotton dregs 30 ~ 70 parts, non protein nitrogen 5 ~ 15, add fermenting agent 10 ~ 30 parts, mixed culture fermentation 10 ~ 15 days, to obtain final product;
(3) mixed dry material and fermentation material are mixed by weight 1:1 ~ 3, to obtain final product.
Excellent and the difference of good and bad, the meat of fast and slow, the health status of growth of animals or poultry etc. all and their feed of feeding closely bound up.Become current livestock and poultry, the material strengthening animal immunizing power will be possessed in feed, to ensure livestock and poultry survival rate more; In the livestock and poultry growth stage, will based on multiple nutrient matter in feed, to ensure that livestock and poultry grow fast, getting fat is increased weight; At livestock and poultry marketing period, based on many toxin expellings, the material improving local flavor, to get rid of the harmful substance in livestock and poultry body, meat flavor to be improved, ensure to produce safety, green, delicious, fragrant and sweet animal meat.
Based on above-mentioned principle, mix difference and rational feed formula according to livestock and poultry different growing stage, the growth demand in each period of animal can be met, the waste of feed can be avoided again, reach the object reducing aquaculture cost.Such as, current is become livestock and poultry, the Chinese herbal medicine that Asiatic plantain, Herba Andrographitis, the Radix Astragali, fructus amomi, the bark of official magnolia etc. have clearing heat and detoxicating, anti-inflammatory, antidiarrheal and strengthen body immune effect will be added in mixed dry material more, and fermentation material energy output maintains the probio of micro-ecological environment in animal body and strengthens the material such as polypeptide, little peptide of animal immunizing power, both synergies, can ensure the M & M reducing animal when not using any antibiotics medicine additive, in the livestock and poultry growth stage, utilize fermentation containing a large amount of mycoprotein and amino acid and the improved feature of palatability, improve the ratio of fermentation material in Chinese herbal medicine mixed culture fermentation feed, auxiliaryly again add that Divine Comedy, cordate houttuynia, hawthorn etc. have invigorating the spleen, whet the appetite, the Chinese herbal medicine of the effect that helps digestion, can effectively promote that animal is taken food, accelerate growth of animal, there is the effect improving animal daily gain, reduce feedstuff-meat ratio, at livestock and poultry marketing period, lophatherum gracile to be added in mixed dry material more, mountain Cape jasmine, the root of large-flowered skullcap, reed rhizome, great burdock achenes etc. have removing toxic substances, the Chinese herbal medicine of diuresis effect, and interpolation has unique adsorptivity, the zeolite powder that can will remove heavy metal ion and the cyanide of animal pest, can contribute to accelerating liver, the toxin expelling effect of kidney, by chemical addition agent, agricultural chemicals, the toxin such as heavy metal are by some row metabolic responses or directly get rid of external, simultaneously, aromatics Chinese herbal medicine is as fructus amomi, ginger, the interpolation of peppermint etc. also effectively can improve meat flavor, safety is produced in guarantee, green, delicious, fragrant and sweet animal meat.
Further illustrate as of the present invention, described broiler chicken is white feather chicken.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) Chinese herbal medicine that Chinese herbal feed additive of the present invention adopts has the double action of trophism and Drug concurrently, have and strengthen body immunity, the feed of promotion animal, diuresis toxin expelling and improve the effects such as meat flavor and effect, be applied in animal feed, the M & M reducing animal when not using any antibiotics medicine additive can be reached, accelerate growth of animal, reduce animal heavy metal of body, agricultural chemicals, chemical addition agent is residual and improve the objects such as meat flavor, produce safety, green, delicious, fragrant and sweet animal meat.
(2) fermentation material of the present invention is by the fermentation slaking of probiotics, effectively can improve the palatability of feed, improve efficiency of feed utilization, can the material such as polypeptide, little peptide of a large amount of mycoprotein, amino acid and the develop immunitypty of output, nutritious, be easy to animal and absorb, animal growth rate can be accelerated, also can utilize the micro-ecological environment in beneficial microbe maintenance animal body, suppress the growth of pathogenic bacteria, improve animal physique and resistance against diseases.
(3) Chinese herbal medicine mixed culture fermentation feed of the present invention is suitable for the nursing of livestock and poultry used at different growing stage, all can play to promote feed intake, accelerate growth of animal, improve the disease-resistant and toxin expelling ability of animal body, improve the effects such as meat.And mix difference and rational feed formula according to livestock and poultry different growing stage, the growth demand in each period of animal can be met, the waste of feed can be avoided again, reach the object reducing aquaculture cost.
Detailed description of the invention
Be described in further detail the present invention below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present embodiment is only do clearer explanation to the present invention, instead of limitation of the present invention.
One, the preparation of fermenting agent
Get fermented bacterium lactic acid bacteria (Streptococcus faecalis), bacillus subtilis (Bscillus subiilis), aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger) and saccharomycete (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) to be inoculated into respectively in scale-up medium, under aerobic condition, 30 ~ 38 DEG C of expansions are cultured to effective bacterium number and are greater than 100,000,000/g.
Described scale-up medium is respectively:
Lactic acid bacteria: dusty yeast 10g/L, peptone 15g/L, glucose 6g/L, magnesium sulfate 0.2g/L, manganese sulfate 0.05g/L, potassium hydrogen phosphate 0.2g/L, regulates pH to 6.2 ~ 6.4, and 121 DEG C of steam sterilizings 20 minutes, to obtain final product.
Bacillus subtilis: glucose 20g/L, peptone 36g/L, magnesium sulfate 1.6g/L, potassium hydrogen phosphate 2.8g/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2.8g/L, regulates pH to 7.2 ~ 7.4, and 121 DEG C of steam sterilizings 20 minutes, to obtain final product.
Aspergillus niger: the sub-special 0.01g/L of sucrose 30g/L, agar 20g/L, sodium nitrate 3g/L, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 1g/L, magnesium sulfate 0.5g/L, potassium chloride 0.5g/L, sulfuric acid, regulates pH to 5.0 ~ 6.0,121 DEG C of steam sterilizings 20 minutes, to obtain final product.
Saccharomycete: sucrose 10g/L, peptone 10g/L, magnesium sulfate 5g/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 3g/L, pH nature, 121 DEG C of steam sterilizings 20 minutes, to obtain final product.
Two, the preparation of fermentation material
Take the raw material components of fermentation material by table 1 respectively, add water, mixing, makes mixed material water content reach 30 ~ 40%, is then placed in disinfection tank, 121 DEG C of autoclaving 20min; Mixed material in tank to be sterilized moves in fermentation tank when being cooled to 30 DEG C, and add listed fermenting agent component in table 1, mixing, ferments 10 ~ 15 days, after fermentation ends, fermentation gross product is dehydrated, pulverized, and crosses 60 ~ 100 mesh sieves, to obtain final product.
Table 1 fermentation material component table
Three, the preparation of Chinese herbal feed additive
(1) by following Chinese herbal medicine: Asiatic plantain, Herba Andrographitis, the Radix Astragali, fructus amomi, Divine Comedy, Radix Codonopsis, barrenwort, trade route, sealwort, the bark of official magnolia, the fruit of Chinese magnoliavine, cortex acanthopanacis, rhizome of cyrtomium, rheum officinale, cordate houttuynia, ginger, mulberries, peppermint, lophatherum gracile, mountain Cape jasmine, the root of large-flowered skullcap, reed rhizome, great burdock achene, hawthorn, Radix Glycyrrhizae, pine needle meal, cleaning, dry;
(2) Chinese herbal medicine is taken by component listed by table 2;
Table 2 Chinese herbal feed additive component table
Above-mentioned all Chinese herbal medicines are by artificial growth, or wild harvesting, and the commercial system such as retailer's purchase, pharmacy's purchase obtains.
(3) load weighted Chinese herbal medicine is prepared respectively as follows:
1. Chinese herbal feed additive 1: will Chinese herbal medicine boiling have been weighed, the water that first time adds 10 times of weight, heat and boil 3 hours, filter, second time adds the water of 8 times of weight, and heating boils 2 hours, filters; Then merge and propose liquid, reduced pressure concentration becomes thick paste, mixing, drying under reduced pressure; Finally pulverize, cross 100 mesh sieves, to obtain final product.
2. Chinese herbal feed additive 2: pulverized by load weighted Chinese herbal medicine, crosses 60 mesh sieves, to obtain final product.
3. Chinese herbal feed additive 3: load weighted Chinese herbal medicine is added alcohol extract, adds 70% ethanol of 4 times of weight for the first time, adds hot reflux 4 hours, filters, and second time adds 70% ethanol of 3 times of weight, adds hot reflux 2 hours, filters; Then merge extract, reduced pressure concentration becomes thick paste, mixing, drying under reduced pressure; Finally pulverize, cross 80 mesh sieves, to obtain final product.
Four, the preparation of mixed dry material
Take the raw material components of mixed dry material by component listed by table 3, mixing, to obtain final product.
Table 3 mixed dry material component table
Five, the preparation of Chinese herbal medicine mixed culture fermentation feed
Above-mentioned mixed dry material and fermentation material are mixed by weight 1:1 ~ 3, to obtain final product.Specific as follows:
1. mixed dry material 1 and fermentation material 1 are mixed by weight 1:2, obtain Chinese herbal medicine mixed culture fermentation feed 1.
2. mixed dry material 2 and fermentation material 2 are mixed by weight 1:3, obtain Chinese herbal medicine mixed culture fermentation feed 2.
3. mixed dry material 3 and fermentation material 3 are mixed by weight 1:1, obtain Chinese herbal medicine mixed culture fermentation feed 3.
Six, animal experiment
1, experimental design
Chinese herbal medicine mixed culture fermentation feed prepared by this experimental study the present invention that feeds is on the impact of meat chicken production performance and meat.Choose source identical, body weight is close, be in a good state of health 7 age in days white meat-type chickens 180 plumages, is divided into control group and test group at random, often organize 3 repetitions, each repetition 30 plumage.
Totally 35 days experimental period (7 ~ 42 age in days), control group fed broiler chicken basal diet, basal diet is autogamy corn-soybean meal type daily ration, and trophic level meets national requirements, does not add any antibiotic drug in formula; Test component three period feeds the Chinese herbal medicine mixed culture fermentation feed of above-mentioned preparation, first period (7 ~ 14 age in days) feeds Chinese herbal medicine mixed culture fermentation feed 1, (15 ~ 35 age in days) Chinese herbal medicine mixed culture fermentation feed the 2, three period (36 ~ 42 age in days) of feeding of feeding second period feeds Chinese herbal medicine mixed culture fermentation feed 3.
2, index determining and method
In experimental period process, following index and the production performance of method to test chicken is adopted to measure:
Average daily ingestion amount (g/ plumage): in units of repeating groups, the inventory that accurate recording is each, after that afternoon terminated weekly feeds intake for the last time, adopt clear bag, clear channel process metering residual feed weight, determine each repeating groups food consumption of a week, calculate the average daily ingestion amount of control group and test group.
Average daily gain (g/ plumage): second day morning of morning same day on-test, end, in units of repeating groups, weighs on an empty stomach, calculates the average daily gain of control group and test group, average daily gain=(end weight-initial weight)/test number of days.
Feedstuff-meat ratio: by feed intake, daily gain, calculates the feedstuff-meat ratio of control group and test group.
Death rate (%): in experimental period in units of repeating groups, its extremely naughty chicken quantity of accurate recording, calculates the death rate of control group and test group.
After off-test, often organize each repetition and pick out 2 test chickens that plumage body weight is close, growth and development state is good, 24 hours on an empty stomach, butcher after weighing, measure carcass quality, complete clean thorax quality, chest muscle quality, leg myoplasm amount and abdomen lipid amount, and calculate dressing percentage, complete clean thorax rate, chest muscle rate, leg flesh rate, abdominal fat, computing formula is as follows:
Dressing percentage (%)=carcass quality/bioplasm amount × 100%
Complete clean thorax rate (%)=complete clean thorax quality/carcass quality × 100%
Chest muscle rate (%)=chest muscle quality/complete clean thorax quality × 100%
Leg flesh rate (%)=leg myoplasm amount/complete clean thorax quality × 100%
Abdominal fat (%)=abdomen lipid amount/complete clean thorax quality × 100%
Wherein, described complete clean thorax refer to that broiler chicken is decaptitated after butchering, neck, pawl, heart, liver, gall-bladder, large intestine, small intestine, caecum, duodenum and reproductive system, only surplus lung and kidney.
After butchering, get chest muscle, the indexs such as the content of the yellowish pink of chest muscle meat, pH value, percentage of water loss, tenderness (shearing force) and moisture, crude protein, crude fat are measured.Assay method is as follows:
Yellowish pink (divide): 1 ~ 2h after slaughtering, get chest muscle meat and to appraise one's merits component evaluation by 5 fraction systems.
PH value: slaughter the pH value measuring chest muscle meat in rear 45min with pH instrument.
Percentage of water loss (%): get fresh chest muscle and to weigh (w
1), meat sample is respectively padded 16 metafiltration paper up and down, and filter paper skin respectively puts one piece of hard plastic board, and be then placed in copper ring and allow on dilatometer platform, pressurization 68.66kpa, continue 5min, weigh after removing pressure (w
2), then percentage of water loss (%)=(w
1-w
2)/w
1× 100%.
Tenderness (kg): get fresh chest muscle one piece, measures the shear force of chest muscle meat with C-LM2 type Meat Tenderness instrument.
Wherein, moisture adopts drying box freeze-day with constant temperature method to measure; Crude protein adopts Micro-kjoldahl method to measure; Crude fat adopts Soxhlet extraction to measure.
Meanwhile, the based food such as chemicals, heavy-metal residual test stone " GB/T5009-2003 " in chest muscle meat is measured.
3, results and analysis
3.1 production performance analyses
Table 4 production performance contrast table
As known from Table 4, compared with control group, the average daily gain of test group improves 9.68%, feedstuff-meat ratio reduces 5.64%, and does not find extremely to wash in a pan chicken, and difference is obvious, illustrate that Chinese herbal medicine mixed culture fermentation feed of the present invention can effectively promote that chicken searches for food, there is the effect improving daily gain, reduce feedstuff-meat ratio, and can effectively strengthen animal immune ability, reducing broiler chicken M & M when not using any antibiotics medicine additive.
3.2 Slaughter analyses
Table 5 Slaughter contrast table
As known from Table 5, adopt Chinese herbal medicine mixed culture fermentation feed feeding dorking of the present invention, the dressing percentage of broiler chicken, complete clean thorax rate, chest muscle rate and leg flesh rate can be significantly improved, improve 3.99%, 7.67%, 9.86% and 9.35% respectively, significantly can reduce the abdominal fat of broiler chicken simultaneously.This shows that Chinese herbal medicine mixed culture fermentation feed of the present invention has significant facilitation to growing of broiler chicken, obviously can reduce the body fat content of broiler chicken simultaneously, have important regulating action, effectively can improve the carcass quality of broiler chicken to the fat deposition of broiler chicken.
3.3 meat analyses
Table 6 meat contrast table
Muscle color depends primarily on myoglobin content, and be the important indicator of evaluation meat, be also the most direct organoleptic indicator of consumer, the sense organ of higher explanation meat of marking is better; The pH value of slaughtering rear 45min muscle is reaction Muscle glycogen glycolysis speed and slight important indicator, declines too fast, easily causes protein denaturation, muscle dehydration, interior look greyish white, directly affects the mechanical property of muscle, especially keeping quality, cooking loss and dry working ability; Muscle percentage of water loss affects the edible qualities such as the flavour of meat, succulence, tenderness, color and luster, nutritional labeling and fragrance, and percentage of water loss is higher, and its total pigment and soluble nutritious components run off more, thus cause the look of meat, taste thin out; Shearing force (tenderness) is the direct indicator of reaction intramuscular tenderness, and numerical value larger explanation muscle is older, and tenderness is poorer; In muscle, the content of moisture, crude protein and crude fat affects the quality of meat, and wherein, crude protein content is higher, and the nutritive value of muscle is higher, and fat effectively can increase the tenderness of meat, succulence and local flavor.As can be known from Table 6, compared with control group, the Color Score of test group is high by 20.23%, percentage of water loss is low by 13.53%, shearing force is less, slaughters rear pH value and declines slower, and in muscle crude protein, crude fat content all higher than control group, illustrate and adopt Chinese herbal medicine mixed culture fermentation feed feeding dorking of the present invention, significantly can improve the sense organ of meat, local flavor, tenderness and succulence etc.
3.4 meat medicines, heavy-metal residual analysis
Table 7 meat medicine, heavy-metal residual contrast table
As known from Table 7, test group (except female, tetracycline) all fails to detect in chicken containing unfavorable compositions such as other heavy metals, antibiotic and chemicalses, illustrate and adopt Chinese herbal medicine mixed culture fermentation feed feeding dorking of the present invention, effectively can remove the hormone of the harmful to human remained in chicken body, pesticidal toxin and heavy metal etc., produce safety, green meat.
Chinese herbal feed additive of the present invention may be used in any animal feed, all have strengthen animal body immunocompetence, invigorating the spleen, whet the appetite, help digestion, diuresis, toxin expelling and improve the effects such as meat and effect.Add in feed, promotion feed intake can be played, accelerate growth of animal, improve the disease-resistant and toxin expelling ability of animal body, and improve the effect such as meat and local flavor.It should be pointed out that for the person of ordinary skill of the art, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, can also make some distortion and improvement, these all drop within protection scope of the present invention.Scope is as the criterion with claims scope required for protection.
Claims (9)
1. produce a method for breeding for high-quality chicken, it is characterized in that, in the whole growth course of broiler chicken, adopt the animal and fowl fodder containing Chinese herbal feed additive to feed, wherein, described Chinese herbal feed additive comprises the herbal component of following ratio of weight and number: Asiatic plantain 5 ~ 15 parts, Herba Andrographitis 3 ~ 10 parts, the Radix Astragali 3 ~ 8 parts, fructus amomi 0 ~ 8 part, Divine Comedy 0 ~ 8 part, Radix Codonopsis 2 ~ 6 parts, barrenwort 3 ~ 8 parts, 3 ~ 8 parts, trade route, sealwort 2 ~ 6 parts, the bark of official magnolia 5 ~ 10 parts, 0 ~ 8 part, the fruit of Chinese magnoliavine, cortex acanthopanacis 3 ~ 8 parts, rhizome of cyrtomium 0 ~ 5 part, rheum officinale 3 ~ 8 parts, cordate houttuynia 3 ~ 10 parts, 0 ~ 8 part, ginger, mulberries 3 ~ 8 parts, peppermint 3 ~ 8 parts, lophatherum gracile 3 ~ 10 parts, mountain Cape jasmine 3 ~ 8 parts, the root of large-flowered skullcap 3 ~ 8 parts, reed rhizome 0 ~ 8 part, great burdock achene 0 ~ 8 part, hawthorn 3 ~ 10 parts, 3 ~ 10 parts, Radix Glycyrrhizae, pine needle meal 3 ~ 10 parts.
2. the method for breeding of the chicken of production high-quality according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described animal and fowl fodder comprises the mixed dry material containing described Chinese herbal feed additive and the fermentation material through slaking of fermenting; Wherein,
Described mixed dry material comprises the raw material components of following ratio of weight and number: corn flour 80 ~ 100 parts, dregs of beans are or/and the dish dregs of rice are or/and cotton dregs 80 ~ 100 parts, 15 ~ 30 parts, wheat bran, 15 ~ 30 parts, rice bran, zeolite powder 0 ~ 10 part, calcium bicarbonate or calcium monohydrogen phosphate 3 ~ 7 parts, salt 1 ~ 3 part, mineral matter element 0.5 ~ 1 part, 0.5 ~ 1 part, amino acid, vitamin 1 ~ 2 part and Chinese herbal feed additive 5 ~ 15 parts;
In ratio of weight and number, described fermentation material is by comprising following raw material components: manioc waste is or/and 450 ~ 550 parts, bean dregs, corn flour 30 ~ 70 parts, dregs of beans are or/and the dish dregs of rice are or/and cotton dregs 30 ~ 70 parts, non protein nitrogen 5 ~ 15, add fermenting agent 10 ~ 30 parts, obtain through mixed culture fermentation preparation.
3. the method for breeding of the chicken of production high-quality according to claim 2, is characterized in that, the weight ratio of described mixed dry material and fermentation material is 1:1 ~ 3.
4. the method for breeding of the chicken of production high-quality according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described mineral matter element comprises containing the above combination of any one or a few in the compound of medium trace element calcium, sodium, copper, iron, manganese, zinc, selenium, iodine.
5. the method for breeding of the chicken of production high-quality according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described amino acid comprises any one or a few the above combination in lysine, methionine, tryptophan, threonine, arginine, phenylalanine, isoleucine, leucine, histidine, valine.
6. the method for breeding of the chicken of production high-quality according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described vitamin comprises any one or a few the above combination in vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B3, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, vitamin C, vitamin D, vitamin E.
7. the method for breeding of the chicken of production high-quality according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described non protein nitrogen comprise in urea, ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate, carbonic hydroammonium, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP), diammonium hydrogen phosphate, urea phosphate, sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate any one or more than one combination.
8. the method for breeding of the chicken of production high-quality according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described fermenting agent obtains through expanding cultivation preparation by comprising following fermented bacterium: lactic acid bacteria, bacillus subtilis, aspergillus niger and saccharomycete.
9., according to the method for breeding of the arbitrary described production high-quality chicken of claim 1 ~ 8, it is characterized in that, described broiler chicken is white feather chicken.
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