CN104591302B - A kind of calcium-titanium ore type nano material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

A kind of calcium-titanium ore type nano material and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN104591302B
CN104591302B CN201510002320.5A CN201510002320A CN104591302B CN 104591302 B CN104591302 B CN 104591302B CN 201510002320 A CN201510002320 A CN 201510002320A CN 104591302 B CN104591302 B CN 104591302B
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calcium
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titanium ore
ore type
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杨中正
赵顺波
陈希
李克亮
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North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power
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Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of calcium-titanium ore type nano material and preparation method thereof, the inventive method is with Ca (NO3)2·4H2O、La(NO3)3·6H2O、Fe2(SO4)3·9H2O and Ni (NO3)3·6H2O is raw material, uses deposited salt to melt method and prepares nanometer CaxLa1‑ xNi0.5Fe0.5O3(x=0.1 ~ 0.4) presoma, presoma mix with fused salt after through calcining, i.e. obtain nanometer Ca after then using distilled water and washing with alcoholxLa1‑xNi0.5Fe0.5O3(x=0.1 ~ 0.4) material.The inventive method raw material is easy to get, and preparation method step is simple, synthesis temperature is low, low cost, product purity height, Product size and morphology controllable system, Stability Analysis of Structures, resistance to chemical attack, has preferable industrial utilization prospect.

Description

A kind of calcium-titanium ore type nano material and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of nano material, relate to a kind of perovskite-type material nano material and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Perovskite-type material belongs to trigonal system, and basic structure is ABO3(A and B represents cation, and O represents oxonium ion).Up to now, the oxide ABO with perovskite structure is found3Three kinds of ionic radius of type compound meet following relationship: RA+RO= t·20.5(RB+RO) (generally t=0.7 ~ 1.0).Owing to perofskite type oxide material has this special structure so that perovskite-type material has much special character, such as thermoelectricity capability, superconductivity, piezoelectric property, optical property, magnetic performance etc..Actual application can be improved again the performance of perovskite-type material by doping, it may be said that perovskite-type material is a kind of extremely important functional material, it is of wide application, in terms of catalysis, fuel cell, sensor, brake, light micro machine, memory device, matrix or substrate, photoelectric device etc..And nano-perovskite shaped material has unique nanocrystal and high density Grain Boundary Character and the skin effect produced therefrom, small-size effect and macro quanta tunnel effect so that it is show a series of and common polycrystalline body and the essential distinction of non-crystalline solids at aspect of performances such as chemistry, mechanics, calorifics, magnetics, optics, electricity, acoustics.
Chinese patent CN103449536A discloses a kind of Perovskite-type nanometer Nd1-xMgxCoO3Preparation method, use metal cation instead of perovskite ABO3Type composite oxide material rises the A position metal ion of supporting construction skeleton, causes bigger distortion of lattice, improve its performance such as catalysis and chemistry.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of calcium-titanium ore type nano material, molecular formula is CaxLa1-xNi0.5Fe0.5O3, x=0.1~0.4 in formula.
Another object of the present invention also resides in the preparation method providing a kind of calcium-titanium ore type nano material, and step is simple, synthesis temperature is low, low cost, product purity height, Product size and morphology controllable system.
For achieving the above object, the following technical scheme that the present invention uses:
A kind of calcium-titanium ore type nano material, the molecular formula of described calcium-titanium ore type nano material is CaxLa1-xNi0.5Fe0.5O3, x=0.1~0.4 in formula.
The preparation method of above-mentioned calcium-titanium ore type nano material, comprises the following steps:
(1) Ca (NO is dissolved with distilled water respectively3)2·4H2O、La(NO3)3·6H2O、Fe2(SO4)3·9H2O and Ni (NO3)3·6H2O, is configured to Ca (NO respectively3)2、La(NO3)3、Fe2(SO4)3With Ni (NO3)3Concentration is 0.2 ~ 0.5 mol L-1Solution;
(2) according to CaxLa1-xNi0.5Fe0.5O3Metallic element stoichiometric proportion (Ca:La:Ni:Fe=x:1-x:0.5:0.5) in material, takes a certain amount of above-mentioned steps (1) gained Ca (NO3)2、La(NO3)3、Fe2(SO4)3With Ni (NO3)3Solution mixes, and ultrasonic disperse 10 ~ 15 min obtains mixed solution A;
(3) it is 0.15 ~ 0.40 mol L by concentration-1KOH solution and concentration be 0.10 ~ 0.20 mol L-1K2CO3Solution is 1 ~ 2:1 mixing by volume, obtains solution B;
(4) solution B is added dropwise in solution A, stirs, ultrasonic disperse 30~60 min, pH value to solution is 10 ~ 11, then centrifugation 3 ~ 5 min, collects precipitation, uses distilled water wash precipitation, until washing sucking filtration to neutrality, then use ethanol dissolving filter cake, after continuing ultrasonic disperse 10 ~ 20 min, then be centrifuged separating 3 ~ 5min, so 3 ~ 5 times repeatedly, it is precipitated sample C;
(5) deposit sample C is placed in baking oven, under the conditions of 100~110 DEG C, dries 12 ~ 24 h, then the sample of drying is fully ground powdering thing, obtains CaxLa1-xNi0.5Fe0.5O3Presoma D, described x=0.1~0.4;
(6) by presoma D and NaNO3And LiNO3Salt-mixture according to mol ratio 1:2 ~ 6 mix, then ball milling 10 ~ 16 h, obtains mixture E;
(7) mixture E is placed in electric furnace, with 5 ~ 10 DEG C of min-1Heating rate be heated to 450~500 DEG C of insulation 1~3 h after, then with 3 ~ 6 DEG C of min-1Heating rate continue to be heated to 600 ~ 700 DEG C of insulation 2.0 ~ 4.0 h after, Temperature fall is cooled to room temperature, obtains solid material F;
(8) by solid material F distilled water wash 6 ~ 10 times, until fused salt is all removed, the most again with after washing with alcohol 3 ~ 5 times, it is placed in baking oven at 75 ~ 80 DEG C and is dried 3 ~ 6 h, obtain nanometer CaxLa1-xNi0.5Fe0.5O3Material, described x=0.1~0.4.
According to the preparation method of above-mentioned calcium-titanium ore type nano material, the baking oven described in step (5) is blast dry oven.
According to the preparation method of above-mentioned calcium-titanium ore type nano material, the NaNO described in step (6)3And LiNO3Salt-mixture in NaNO3With LiNO3Mol ratio is 1:1 ~ 3.
According to the preparation method of above-mentioned calcium-titanium ore type nano material, nanometer Ca described in step (8)xLa1-xNi0.5Fe0.5O3Material particle size is 60 ~ 90 nm.
The positive beneficial effect of the present invention:
(1) present invention uses other metal cations to instead of perovskite ABO3Type composite oxide material rises the A position metal ion of main support structure skeleton, causes bigger distortion of lattice, improve its performance such as catalysis and chemistry;On the basis of A is substituted, other transition-metal cations are used again to instead of the B position ion of the functions such as main catalytic active, prepare and there is the substituted perovskite-type material with the structure with mixed valence in A position and B position, make this material system energy bigger, the transformation that only electronic structure need to can be occurred to match under less energy drives, thus obtain the performances such as more excellent magnetics, optics, electricity, surface and catalysis.
(2) Ca-Ti ore type nanometer Ca of the present inventionxLa1-xNi0.5Fe0.5O3Material uses A position and B position ion to replace substituted oxide perovskite material simultaneously, the ionic valence condition having in a big way in modulation and control structure and the feature of crystal defect, can keep again preferable thermodynamic stability simultaneously.
(3) present invention uses precipitation-salt-melting method to prepare nanometer CaxLa1-xNi0.5Fe0.5O3(x=0.1 ~ 0.4) presoma, NaNO3And LiNO3The salt that salt-mixture contains metal cation and metalloid anion is formed, as medium, and utilize salt melted under high temperature as liquid phase environment, thus realize synthesizing under within a short period of time and relatively low reaction temperature high activity, high-purity powder body.
(4) the inventive method raw material is easy to get, and preparation method step is simple, and synthesis temperature is low, low cost, and product purity height, Product size and morphology controllable system, particle diameter is 60 ~ 90 nm, Stability Analysis of Structures, and resistance to chemical attack has preferable industrial utilization prospect.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the XRD figure spectrum of the X-ray diffraction of the embodiment of the present invention 1 perovskite-type material;
Fig. 2 is the XRD figure spectrum of the X-ray diffraction of the embodiment of the present invention 2 perovskite-type material;
Fig. 3 is the XRD figure spectrum of the X-ray diffraction of the embodiment of the present invention 3 perovskite-type material.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with some specific embodiments, the present invention is further described.
Embodiment 1
A kind of calcium-titanium ore type nano material, the molecular formula of described calcium-titanium ore type nano material is CaxLa1-xNi0.5Fe0.5O3, x=0.4 in formula.
The preparation method of above-mentioned calcium-titanium ore type nano material, comprises the following steps:
(1) Ca (NO of 11.8075g is weighed respectively3)2·4H2La (the NO of O, 21.6500g3)3·6H2The Fe of O, 28.1005g2(SO4)3·9H2Ni (the NO of O and 14.5395g3)3·6H2O, is then respectively adding a certain amount of distilled water and makes Ca (NO3)2、La(NO3)3、Fe2(SO4)3With Ni (NO3)3Concentration is 0.5 mol L-1Solution;
(2) according to Ca0.4La0.6Ni0.5Fe0.5O3Metallic element stoichiometric proportion (Ca:La:Ni:Fe=0.4:0.6:0.5:0.5) in material, by the Ca (NO of above-mentioned steps (1) gained 40 ml3)2Solution, the La (NO of 60 ml3)3Solution, the Ni (NO of 50 ml3)3Solution, the Fe of 25 ml2(SO4)3Solution mixes, and ultrasonic disperse 15 min obtains mixed solution A;
(3) it is 0.40 mol L by concentration-1KOH solution and concentration be 0.20 mol L-1K2CO3Solution mixes for 1:1 by volume, obtains solution B;
(4) solution B is added dropwise in solution A, stirs, ultrasonic disperse 60 min, pH value to solution is 10, then centrifugation 3 min, collects precipitation, uses distilled water wash precipitation, until washing sucking filtration to neutrality, then use ethanol dissolving filter cake, after continuing ultrasonic disperse 15 min, then be centrifuged separating 3min, so 5 times repeatedly, it is precipitated sample C;
(5) deposit sample C is placed in convection oven, under the conditions of 100 DEG C, dries 24 h, finally the sample of drying is fully ground powdering thing, obtains Ca0.4La0.6Ni0.5Fe0.5O3Presoma D;
(6) by presoma D and NaNO3And LiNO3Salt-mixture (NaNO3And LiNO3Mol ratio be 1:1) according to mol ratio be 1:2 mixing, then ball milling 14 h, obtains mixture E;
(7) mixture E is placed in electric furnace, with 10 DEG C of min-1Heating rate be heated to 450 DEG C of insulation 2h after, then with 4 DEG C of min-1Heating rate continue to be heated to 700 DEG C of insulation 2.0h after, Temperature fall is cooled to room temperature, obtains solid material F;
(8) solid material F is first washed with deionized 6 times, until fused salt is all removed, the most again with after washing with alcohol 5 times, in being placed in baking oven, at 75 DEG C, is dried 6 h, obtains nanometer Ca0.4La0.6Ni0.5Fe0.5O3Material.
It will be seen from figure 1 that product Ca0.4La0.6Ni0.5Fe0.5O3Material purity is high, for single Ca0.4La0.6Ni0.5Fe0.5O3Perovskite crystalline phase, mean diameter is 60 nm, and conversion ratio is 98%.
Embodiment 2
A kind of calcium-titanium ore type nano material, the molecular formula of described calcium-titanium ore type nano material is CaxLa1-xNi0.5Fe0.5O3, x=0.3 in formula.
The preparation method of above-mentioned calcium-titanium ore type nano material, comprises the following steps:
(1) Ca (NO of 7.0845g is weighed respectively3)2·4H2La (the NO of O, 12.9900g3)3·6H2The Fe of O, 16.8603g2(SO4)3·9H2Ni (the NO of O and 8.7237g3)3·6H2O, is then respectively adding a certain amount of distilled water and makes Ca (NO3)2、La(NO3)3、Fe2(SO4)3With Ni (NO3)3Concentration is 0.3 mol L-1Solution;
(2) according to Ca0.3La0.7Ni0.5Fe0.5O3Metallic element stoichiometric proportion (Ca:La:Ni:Fe=0.3:0.7:0.5:0.5) in material, by the Ca (NO of above-mentioned steps (1) gained 30ml3)2Solution, the La (NO of 70ml3)3Solution, the Ni (NO of 50ml3)3Solution, the Fe of 25ml2(SO4)3Solution mixes, and ultrasonic disperse 10min obtains mixed solution A;
(3) by 0.15 mol L-1KOH and 0.1 mol L-1K2CO3Volume ratio be 2:1 mixing, obtain solution B;
(4) solution B is added dropwise in solution A, stirs, ultrasonic disperse 50 min, pH value to solution is 11, then centrifugation 4 min, collects precipitation, uses distilled water wash precipitation, until washing sucking filtration to neutrality, then use ethanol dissolving filter cake, after continuing ultrasonic disperse 10 min, then be centrifuged separating 5 min, so 3 times repeatedly, it is precipitated sample C;
(5) precipitate C is placed in convection oven under the conditions of 110 DEG C, dries 12 h, finally the material of drying is fully ground powdering thing, obtains Ca0.3La0.7Ni0.5Fe0.5O3Presoma D;
(6) by presoma D and NaNO3And LiNO3Salt-mixture (NaNO3And LiNO3Mol ratio be 1:2) according to mol ratio be 1:4 mixing, then ball milling 10 h, obtains mixture E;
(7) mixture E is placed in electric furnace, with 5 DEG C of min-1Heating rate be heated to 480 DEG C of insulation 3 h after, then with 6 DEG C of min-1Heating rate continue to be heated to 600 DEG C of insulation 4 h after, Temperature fall is cooled to room temperature, obtains solid material F;
(8) solid material F is first washed with deionized 8 times, until fused salt is all removed, the most again with after washing with alcohol 4 times, in being placed in baking oven, at 80 DEG C, is dried 3h, obtains nanometer Ca0.3La0.7Ni0.5Fe0.5O3Material.
Figure it is seen that product Ca0.3La0.7Ni0.5Fe0.5O3Material purity is high, for single product Ca0.3La0.7Ni0.5Fe0.5O3Perovskite crystalline phase, mean diameter is 85 nm, and conversion ratio is 100%.
Embodiment 3
A kind of calcium-titanium ore type nano material, the molecular formula of described calcium-titanium ore type nano material is CaxLa1-xNi0.5Fe0.5O3, x=0.1 in formula.
The preparation method of above-mentioned calcium-titanium ore type nano material, comprises the following steps:
(1) Ca (NO of 9.4460g is weighed respectively3)2·4H2La (the NO of O, 17.3200g3)3·6H2The Fe of O, 22.4802g2(SO4)3·9H2Ni (the NO of O and 11.6316g3)3·6H2O, is then respectively adding a certain amount of distilled water and makes Ca (NO3)2、La(NO3)3、Fe2(SO4)3With Ni (NO3)3Concentration is 0.2 mol L-1Solution;
(2) according to Ca0.1La0.9Ni0.5Fe0.5O3Metallic element ratio (Ca:La:Ni:Fe=0.1:0.9:0.5:0.5) in material, by the Ca (NO of above-mentioned steps (1) gained 20ml3)2Solution, the La (NO of 180 ml3)3Solution, the Ni of 100ml(NO3 ) 3Solution, the Fe of 50ml2(SO4)3Solution mixes, and after ultrasonic disperse mixes 12 min, obtains mixed solution A;
(3) by 0.2 mol L-1KOH and 0.1 mol L-1K2CO3Volume ratio be 1:1 mixing, obtain solution B;
(4) solution B is added dropwise in solution A, stirs, ultrasonic disperse 30 min, pH value to solution is 10, then centrifugation 5 min, collects precipitation, uses distilled water wash precipitation, until washing sucking filtration to neutrality, then use ethanol dissolving filter cake, after continuing ultrasonic disperse 20 min, then be centrifuged separating 4 min, so 4 times repeatedly, it is precipitated sample C;
(5) precipitate C is placed in convection oven under the conditions of 100 DEG C, dries 20 h, finally the material of drying is fully ground powdering thing, obtains Ca0.1La0.9Ni0.5Fe0.5O3Presoma D;
(6) by presoma D and NaNO3And LiNO3Salt-mixture (NaNO3And LiNO3Mol ratio be 1:3) according to mol ratio be 1:6 mixing, then ball milling 16 h, obtains mixture E;
(7) mixture E is placed in electric furnace, with 6 DEG C of min-1Heating rate be heated to 500 DEG C of insulation 1 h after, then with 3 DEG C of min-1Heating rate continue to be heated to 650 DEG C of insulation 3 h after, Temperature fall is cooled to room temperature, obtains solid material F;
(8) solid material F is first washed with deionized 10 times, until fused salt is all removed, the most again with after washing with alcohol 3 times, in being placed in baking oven, at 80 DEG C, is dried 5h, obtains nanometer Ca0.1La0.9Ni0.5Fe0.5O3Material.
From figure 3, it can be seen that product Ca0.1La0.9Ni0.5Fe0.5O3Material purity is high, for single Ca0.1La0.9Ni0.5Fe0.5O3Perovskite crystalline phase, mean diameter is 90 nm, and conversion ratio is 100%.

Claims (4)

1. the preparation method of a calcium-titanium ore type nano material, it is characterised in that the molecular formula of described calcium-titanium ore type nano material is CaxLa1-xNi0.5Fe0.5O3, x=0.1~0.4 in formula;
The preparation method of described calcium-titanium ore type nano material, comprises the following steps:
(1) Ca (NO is dissolved with distilled water respectively3)2·4H2O、La(NO3)3·6H2O、Fe2(SO4)3·9H2O and Ni(NO3)3·6H2O, is configured to Ca (NO respectively3)2、La(NO3)3、Fe2(SO4)3With Ni (NO3)3Concentration is 0.2~0.5mol L-1Solution;
(2) according to CaxLa1-xNi0.5Fe0.5O3Metallic element stoichiometric proportion in material, takes a certain amount of above-mentioned steps (1) gained Ca(NO3)2、La(NO3)3、Fe2(SO4)3With Ni (NO3)3Solution, mixing, ultrasonic disperse 10~15min, obtain mixing molten Liquid A;
(3) it is 0.15~0.40mol L by concentration-1KOH solution and concentration be 0.10~0.20mol L-1K2CO3Solution It is 1~2:1 mixing by volume, obtains solution B;
(4) solution B being added dropwise in solution A, stir, ultrasonic disperse 30~60min, the pH value to solution is 10~11, then centrifugation 3~5min, collect precipitation, use distilled water wash precipitation, until washing sucking filtration to neutrality, Then use ethanol dissolving filter cake, after continuing ultrasonic disperse 10~20min, then be centrifuged separating 3~5min, the most repeatedly 3~5 Secondary, it is precipitated sample C;
(5) deposit sample C is placed in baking oven, under the conditions of 100~110 DEG C, dries 12~24h, then the sample of drying is filled Divide and grind to form powder, obtain CaxLa1-xNi0.5Fe0.5O3Presoma D, described x=0.1~0.4;
(6) by presoma D and NaNO3And LiNO3Salt-mixture according to mol ratio 1:2~6 mixing, then ball milling 10~16 H, obtains mixture E;
(7) mixture E is placed in electric furnace, with 5~10 DEG C of min-1Heating rate be heated to 450~500 DEG C, insulation After 1.0~3.0h, then with 3~6 DEG C of min-1Heating rate continue to be heated to 600~700 DEG C, insulation 2.0~4.0h after, from So cooling down is to room temperature, obtains solid material F;
(8) by solid material F distilled water wash 6~10 times, until fused salt is all removed, the most again with washing with alcohol 3~5 times After, it is placed in baking oven at 75~80 DEG C and is dried 3~6h, obtain product nanometer CaxLa1-xNi0.5Fe0.5O3Material.
The preparation method of calcium-titanium ore type nano material the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the baking described in step (5) Case is blast dry oven.
The preparation method of calcium-titanium ore type nano material the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described in step (6) NaNO3And LiNO3Salt-mixture in NaNO3With LiNO3Mol ratio is 1:1~3.
The preparation method of calcium-titanium ore type nano material the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that receiving described in step (8) Rice CaxLa1-xNi0.5Fe0.5O3Material particle size is 60~90nm.
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