CN1045848A

CN1045848A - Device for coupling modules

Info

Publication number: CN1045848A
Application number: CN90101403.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 尼古拉·伊万罗维奇·切普里维; 吉那狄亚·米哈依罗维奇·特斯科万; 莱维·普特罗维奇·科兹特索维; 格里高里·依索福罗维奇·普尼克索夫维奇
Original assignee: N I CHEPELEV
Current assignee: N I CHEPELEV
Priority date: 1989-02-10
Filing date: 1990-02-09
Publication date: 1990-10-03
Also published as: BR9000583A; SE9003154D0; FR2643003A1; GB2228060A; IT1238818B; JPH03503865A; RU1791075C; DE3991591T1; SE9003154L; GB9003015D0; CA2009753A1; IT9041521A0; WO1990009256A1; CN1016495B; GB2228060B; IT9041521A1

Abstract

The present invention relates to machine building industry.

Device for coupling modules of the present invention have be mounted to can be in first standard piece (1) and the screw (8) of second standard piece in the screw rod (9) that moves axially and rotate.According to the present invention, screw pair-screw rod (9) and screw (8) are done tapered, and that afterbody (7) is made is resilient, and afterbody (7) has at least the external diameter in one section cross section to be not less than the diameter of the matching hole (3) of first standard piece (1).

Description

Device for coupling modules

The present invention relates to machine building industry, or rather, relate to device for coupling modules.

Effect was best when the present invention was used for assembling type instrument on the comprehensive building block type machine tool of " machining center " type and other numerical control machine tool.

In addition, the present invention also can be used for other machine building industry that need be connected into major axis by several sections axles.

Patent document DE, C, 3425337 and EP, B, tool system device for coupling modules in 0157890 is known, this device relatively simple for structure, it is connected standard piece to be pressed on the pedestal standard piece (being useful on the male cone (strobilus masculinus) in the tapered bore of machine tool spindle of packing on the pedestal standard piece) with one or two fastening screw trip bolt that is screwed in the pedestal standard piece shell radial hole, the taper ailhead of fastening screw trip bolt by different pads compress out connected (using) standard piece afterbody as instrument and with the surface of the conical socket of fastening screw trip bolt hole off-centre.

But these devices do not have elimination to be present in the cylindrical tail portion of connected standard piece and the radial clearance between the pedestal standard piece matching hole, will cause imbalance like this, reduce the rigidity and the standard piece Location accuracy of assembly.

Patent document DE, C, 3448009 and GB, A, the tool assembly system in 2154479 also is known, this standard piece is pressed on connected standard piece on the pedestal standard end face by various tapered members or spherical component by center pull rod.But it is complicated that these devices are made, and a large amount of kits is arranged.In addition, the tightening force in these devices is to transmit by some specific points on the contact surface circumference, thereby has reduced rigidity and reliability that standard piece connects.

The device for coupling modules of a kind of being called " assembling cutter " also is known.This device has the pedestal standard piece of band screw and assembling taper hole, and the surface of taper hole can flexiblely be out of shape, and processes the outer cylinder screw thread on connected standard piece.When these two standard piece are tightened, can reach radially gapless connection, and the end of connected two standard piece respective surfaces compresses.

But above-mentioned the sort of Placement can only be used for the instrument to a direction rotation, because when counterrotating, the moment of torsion that cutting force causes can make it unscrew.In addition, above-mentioned Placement can not be used for the necessary building block type machine tool of accurately aiming at the lathe axis of cutting blade of lathe tool.

The device for coupling modules (DE, C, 3340320) of " SANDVIK COROMANT " company also is known.The technical spirit of this device and solution of the present invention are the most approaching, and its feature is as follows:

A standard piece of this device for coupling modules has the matching hole at the datum end face opening, the datum end face of another standard piece just leans against on the said reference end face, this standard piece has the afterbody in first device for coupling modules matching hole of packing into, and has tapped hole at afterbody.Also have a screw rod in this device for coupling modules, this screw rod can move axially in the tapped hole of first standard piece and second standard piece afterbody and rotate.

The shortcoming of this device is that it does not have to eliminate the radial clearance that is connected between standard piece cylindrical tail portion and the pedestal standard piece matching hole, and is that its Location accuracy is not high, the reason that the poor rigidity of assembly parts and dynamic balance performance are very poor.

In all known method, when must be when standard piece be assembled into the stock of setting tool with several (more than two), mostly adopt several dissimilar linkage structures, try hard to avoid the linear superposition (accumulative total) of existing radial clearance, avoid further reducing rigidity and increase uneven degree with this way.Yet, no matter be in the scope of a setting tool group, still in the scope of the tooling of a machine tool, say nothing of in the scope of the one group of lathe that is adopted on a process production line that can change flexibly, above-mentioned solution all can not guarantee the versatility of connection set.

Therefore, the connection set that all are known perhaps has the shortcoming of rigidity deficiency, and the shortcoming of standard piece Location accuracy difference is perhaps arranged, and perhaps has above-mentioned two kinds of shortcomings concurrently.

Task of the present invention is created a kind of device for coupling modules exactly, its structure can be eliminated the radial clearance that is connected between standard piece afterbody periphery and the pedestal standard piece matching hole surface, thereby the Location accuracy between the energy raising standard, improve the rigidity of the parts that assemble and reduce its dynamic unbalance degree.

Essence of the present invention is: in device for coupling modules, one of them standard piece has the matching hole at the datum end face opening, another standard piece has in first standard piece matching hole of packing into, afterbody with threaded hole, and its datum end face leans against on the datum end face of first standard piece, also has a screw rod in this device for coupling modules, this screw rod can move axially in first standard piece and in the tapped hole of second standard piece afterbody and rotate, the formation screw thread is paid, according to the present invention, the spiral of forming by screw rod and screw pay do tapered, afterbody is then made resilient, and has at least one section external diameter on the cross section to be not less than the diameter of first standard piece pilot hole.

Since screw thread pay do tapered, and afterbody be make resilient, and its external diameter is not less than the diameter of first standard piece matching hole, thereby Location accuracy and coupling stiffness when having improved assembling, because at this moment no matter radially still can both guarantee between the link on the datum end face very close to each other, why like this, be because cone screw pay axial pulling force be transformed into radially with end face on pressure, that is realized that effective center wedge shape connects.

The best tapering that the spiral of determining with the experimental study method is paid is greatly between the 2.5-3.5 degree.

On screw rod, be equipped with elastic element between the head of screw rod and first standard piece and suit, its effect is when screw rod screws in screw, makes connected two standard piece compress mutually on datum end face.

Combination easily before the final tension had this elastic component just can guarantee two standard piece until can also be convenient to dismantle standard piece, because stored potential energy in elastic component.

Elastic component is preferably made one group of belleville spring, and total impacting force of this group belleville spring will be attached to its reference level above two standard piece and withstand frictional force before mutually.

Such elastic component just can avoid two standard piece beginning in conjunction with the time contingent crooked, and can obtain required impacting force with compact structure.

A sleeve that is rigidly fixed in first standard piece housing can also be arranged in whole device, and the internal surface of this sleeve cooperates with the barrel surface of screw rod, and its end face withstands elastic component.

There has been this sleeve just can guarantee at an easy rate screw rod packed into and gone in first standard piece, and can guarantee reliable effect between screw rod and the elastic component.

Afterbody at second standard piece is opened radial groove, afterbody is formed suit with flexible limb.

If the wall of afterbody is very thick, this structure itself just can guarantee that it has enough elasticity.

Generally speaking, the outer surface of the matching hole of first standard piece and second standard piece afterbody is made cylindrical the suiting that overlaps fully.

The outer surface of matching hole and afterbody is made the cylindrical coaxial linearity that can guarantee that two standard piece are to the last strained from the beginning combination.

Also can make the taper shape of coincidence to the outer surface of the matching hole of first standard piece and second standard piece afterbody.

When doing the outer surface of matching hole and afterbody coning, if positive taper can make standard piece be easy to combination and dismounting; If inverted cone, standard piece is connected have, for example necessary good especially rigidity during end mill.

If select positive taper for use, gradient is preferably less than 1: 10, if select inverted cone for use, gradient is preferably less than 1: 100.

Also can make the matching hole of first standard piece cylindrically, and the outer surface of second standard piece afterbody is done coning.

This practice both can guarantee in conjunction with the initial stage enough coaxial linearities are arranged between the standard piece, also was convenient to the assembling and the dismounting of package unit.

The matching surface of benchmark (cooperation) hole and afterbody selects that a kind of scheme (cylindrical actually, positive taper or inverted cone) to determine by actual conditions, actual conditions is exactly the working condition of tooling, it promptly comprises the direction and the size of cutting force, also comprises the length of the tool rod that is assembled into and the quantity of the standard piece of forming tool rod.

Certainly, under the state of tension fully, no matter adopt that a kind of scheme can both guarantee the repeatability of the guide surface of the surface of datum hole and afterbody.

For the ease of assembling and dismounting that the matching surface and the screw thread of two standard piece are paid, the coefficient of sliding friction between them preferably is not more than 0.12.

The friction factor of recommending is to determine with the method for test.If actual friction factor greater than 0.12, will make the assembling of this device and dismounting that difficulty takes place.

Describe the present invention in detail below by embodiment and in conjunction with corresponding accompanying drawing.

Fig. 1 is the device for coupling modules longitudinal section, and the guide surface of the matching hole of its pedestal standard piece and connected standard piece afterbody is columniform;

Fig. 2 is along the longitudinal section of II-II line among Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the longitudinal section (when two standard piece begin to strain) of another kind of device for coupling modules erection drawing, the matching hole of pedestal standard piece is wherein made cylindrical, and the guide surface of connected standard piece afterbody is made positive taper (for the purpose of obviously, tapering has been exaggerated);

Fig. 4 is the longitudinal section of the erection drawing in the device for coupling modules tension process among Fig. 3, this moment, the datum end face of two standard piece contacted, and the compression of elastic component does not also not finish, and the radial clearance elimination as yet between the matching hole of pedestal standard piece and the guide surface that is connected the standard piece afterbody;

Fig. 5 is the longitudinal section of the erection drawing after the device for coupling modules tension among Fig. 3 finishes, and this moment, radial clearance was eliminated fully, and stretching screw is on the rightmost position, and elastic component is in impaction state;

Fig. 6 is the longitudinal section of the erection drawing of device for coupling modules after tension fully of two standard piece tapered contact surface of having coincidence (positive taper);

Fig. 7 is the longitudinal section of the erection drawing of device for coupling modules after tension fully of two standard piece inverted cone contact surface of having coincidence.

Versatility in view of device for coupling modules of the present invention, when application is of the present invention, use said apparatus that several standard piece (standard piece of using as pedestal standard piece, intermediate standard part, instrument) are interconnected actually, there is not any meaning in principle, so will use so general term in the following description, for example " standard piece " and " another standard piece "; Perhaps " first standard piece " and " second standard piece ".

Device for coupling modules of the present invention is formed (Fig. 1-7) by following each composed component.

At a standard piece 1(Fig. 1) housing in process the cavity 2 that has matching hole 3, matching hole 3 is openings at datum end face 4; The datum end face 5 of another standard piece 6 just leans against on the said reference end face, and standard piece 6 has the afterbody 7 of band screw 8.Afterbody 7 enters in the matching hole 3 of standard piece 1.

Be equipped with in this covering device in standard piece 1 and the screw 8 of standard piece 6 afterbodys 7 in the screw rod 9 that moves axially and rotate.

According to the present invention, the spiral of being made up of screw rod 9 and screw 8 is paid and is done taperedly, and purpose is to guarantee that

end face

4 and 5 closely compresses when

standard piece

1 and 6 tensions, and the outer surface that guarantees afterbody 7 simultaneously is the surface in compression fit hole 3 closely also.

In addition, according to the present invention, the external diameter of afterbody 7 has at least the diameter in one section cross section to be not less than the diameter of matching hole 3.Simultaneously, the tapering paid of spiral is greatly in the scope of 2.5-3.5 degree.The sense of rotation of threaded line (dextrorotation or left-handed) is then unimportant.

For the ease of assembling with eliminate radial clearance, afterbody 7 is made resilient, method is that it is made thin-walled cylinder, perhaps leaves radial groove 10(Fig. 2 on it), make it to become resilient limb.

Head 12 and first standard piece 1 interactional elastic component 11(Fig. 1 with screw rod 9 are housed on screw rod), make that when screw rod 9 is screwed into screw 8 two connected

standard piece

1 and 6 compress mutually along

reference level

4 and 5.

Elastic component 11 is made a folded belleville spring that leans against on the head 12 that is rigidly fixed on the screw rod 9.Elastic component 11 also can be made one or several resilient sleeve pipe.

Regulation simultaneously, the total pressure of these springs (or sleeve pipe) to surpass

standard piece

1 and 6 identical when

datum end face

4 and 5 is close to necessary axial force.

For the elastic component 11 that moves axially and guarantee that guarantees screw rod 9 can work, fixing sleeve 13 rigidly at the housing of first standard piece 1, an end of elastic component 11 just is bearing on the end face 14 of this sleeve.Simultaneously, the internal surface of sleeve 13 matches with the barrel surface of screw rod 9.

In order to guarantee that

standard piece

1 and 6 not because of cutting force relatively rotates, also is provided with key 15.

Between the housing of first standard piece 1 and screw head 12, seal ring 16 is housed.

For by inner hexagon spanner (not shown spanner), in

standard piece

1,6 housings, give and be drilled with central through

bore

17 and 18 earlier, and be processed with the shaping socket of plugging in inner hexagon spanner at the two ends of the central through bore of screw rod 9.

The outer surface of the matching hole 3 of first standard piece 1 and second standard piece 6 afterbody 7 is processed into the cylindrical of coincidence, so just can guarantee the coaxial linearity till last tension (shown in Fig. 1-5) from

standard piece

1 and 6 beginning combinations.

The outer surface of the afterbody 7 of the matching hole 3 of first standard piece 1 and the 2nd standard piece 6 is processed into the taper shape (shown in Fig. 6,7) that matches, like this, when selecting right circular cone (Fig. 6), can be convenient to two combination and dismountings that standard piece is initial, when selecting inverted cone (Fig. 7), that the connection of standard piece is had is good especially-for example during end mill the sort of rigidity that must have.

The matching hole 3 of first standard piece 1 is processed into cylindrical (as shown in Figure 3), and the outer surface of second standard piece 6 afterbody 7 is processed into positive taper, can guarantee like this two standard piece at first in conjunction with the time have enough coaxial linearities, and be convenient to the loading and unloading of package unit.

If positive taper all is processed on the surface of matching hole 3 and afterbody 7, the gradient of this taper is taken as every side below 1: 10; If be processed into inverted cone, then the gradient of this taper should be taken as every side below 1: 100.

Simultaneously,

standard piece

1 and 6 contact surface and spiral pay 8-9 contact surface between the coefficient of sliding friction should be not more than 0.12.

The working procedure of above-mentioned device for coupling modules following (Fig. 3,4,5).

When afterbody 7 was inserted benchmark matching hole 3, initial, screw rod 9 withstood conical bolt hole 8.Then, insert socket 19 from a direction or another steering handle inner hexagon spanner (not shown),, just begin to be screwed into (Fig. 3) so tapered thread is paid 8-9 with inner hexagon spanner rotating screw bolt 9 by hole 17 or 18.At this moment, afterbody 7 has at least the outside diameter d in a cross section consistent with the diameter of benchmark matching hole 3, then just produced certain assembling resistance, and between

end face

4 and 5 gapped S.

Continue to turn spiral and pay, lean against elastic component 11 on sleeve 13 end faces 14 and begin compression, and overcome the outer surface of afterbody 7 and the frictional force between the benchmark matching hole 3, guarantee that two standard piece 1 contact (Fig. 4) with 2 reference level 4 with 5.

Because afterbody 7 is resilient, so it can not hinder the disappearance of the former gap S that pre-exists, so two datum end faces 4 and 5 just are F with the size ₁Power compress mutually.

Screw rod 9 continues to be screwed into (Fig. 5) to the right, makes resilient afterbody 7 open (wedge is opened), so its outer surface is just closely fitted with benchmark matching hole 3, guarantees that both overlap.During to the tension end,

standard piece

1 and 6 has reached F along the impacting force on

datum end face

4 and 5 ₂, greater than initial pressure F ₁(Fig. 4).Arrived this moment, elastic component 11 compresses fully, and the helical surface that its pressure makes cone screw pay (screw rod 9 and screw 8) contacts fully.

Because surface listed above is fully and reliably contact all, thereby guaranteed

standard piece

1 and 6 best concentricity and be connected rigidity, and the anti-vibration performance in the working angles.

Key 15 guarantees that assembly processes are convenient, and the subsidiary

standard piece

1 and 6 that guarantees unlikelyly spontaneously relatively rotates.

Have the standard piece 1 of positive taper (the angle α among Fig. 6) or inverted cone (the β angle among Fig. 7) and 6 assembling (tension) method also similarly, difference is just in different schemes, the moment that begins to contact in afterbody 7 and hole 3, afterbody 7 and hole 3(are under free state) equal diameters, perhaps the external diameter of afterbody 7 even be slightly larger than the diameter of datum hole 3 is on different cross sections.

When needs are taken

standard piece

1 and 6 apart, also be with inner hexagon spanner rotating screw bolt 9 in the opposite direction, during beginning, contact pressure between afterbody 7 and the hole 3 reduces (potential energy of elastic component 11 has promoted this process), contact pressure between the

datum end face

4 and 5 reduces then, then afterbody 7 withdraws from hole 3, till the screw thread of screw 8 and screw rod 9 no longer works.Further

standard piece

1 and 6 has been taken apart with regard to leicht fallen D/A again.

Practice test proves: device for coupling modules of the present invention can guarantee that the standard piece changed is in radial and axial Location accuracy average out to ± 0.0012 millimeter, this precision substantially exceeds the precision that the device for coupling modules of all known structure can guarantee, their Location accuracy on average between ± 0.003 millimeter to ± 0.006 millimeter, wherein also comprises the connection set (± 0.006 millimeter) as " the SANDVIK COROMANT " of main comparison other.

With device of the present invention and diameter is that 160 millimeters facing cutter is connected the result who tests and shows that the quality of rigidity and milling is all very high.

On the rimmer knife bar that an instrument is used, connect three even four standard piece of the present invention, still can keep enough rigidity and optimum precision.

Claims

1, a kind of device for coupling modules, matching hole (3) in datum end face (4) upper shed is arranged on one of them standard piece (1), have in the matching hole (3) that can enter first standard piece (1) on another standard piece (6) and be threaded the afterbody (7) of hole (8), the datum end face (5) of standard piece (6) leans against on the datum end face (4), comprise screw rod (9) in the standard piece (1), screw rod (9) can move axially and rotate in first standard piece (1) and in the screw (8) of another standard piece (6) afterbody (7), and form a spiral and pay, the invention is characterized in: the spiral of being formed by screw rod (9) and screw (8) pay do tapered, and that afterbody (7) is made is resilient, and afterbody (7) has at least the external diameter (d) in one section cross section to be not less than the diameter of the matching hole (3) of first standard piece (1).

2, device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the tapering that spiral is paid is greatly in the scope of 2.5-3.5 degree.

3, device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that screw rod (9) is equipped with elastic component (11), the effect of elastic component (11) between screw head (12) and first standard piece is that the datum end face (4 and 5) of connected two standard piece (1 and 6) compresses mutually when screw rod (9) and screw (8) when screwing.

4, device as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that elastic component (11) makes one group of belleville spring, and its total pressure part (1 and 6) that is above standard is attached to two datum end faces (4 and 5) necessary axial force when withstanding.

5, device as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that it is rigidly fixed to the interior sleeve (13) of first standard piece (1) housing in addition, the internal surface of sleeve (13) cooperates with the barrel surface of screw rod (9), and its end face (14) contacts with elastic component (11).

6, device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that afterbody (7) has radial groove (10), is formed with flexible limb.

7, device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the outer surface of the afterbody (7) of the matching hole (3) of first standard piece (1) and second standard piece (6) is made the cylindrical of coincidence.

8, device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the matching hole (3) of first standard piece (1) and the outer surface of second standard piece (6) afterbody (7) make the taper shape of coincidence.

9, device as claimed in claim 1, the matching hole (3) that it is characterized in that first standard piece (1) is made cylindrical, and the outer surface of second standard piece (6) afterbody (7) is done coning.

10, device as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that when circular cone is right circular cone the gradient of circular cone is elected as less than 1: 10; When circular cone was the back draught body, gradient was elected as less than 1: 100.

11, device as claimed in claim 1, the coefficient of sliding friction that matching surface and the spiral that it is characterized in that standard piece (1 and 6) paid the matching surface of (8,9) is not more than 0.12.