CN104557174A - Special compound organic fertilizer for tobacco and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Special compound organic fertilizer for tobacco and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104557174A CN104557174A CN201510040688.0A CN201510040688A CN104557174A CN 104557174 A CN104557174 A CN 104557174A CN 201510040688 A CN201510040688 A CN 201510040688A CN 104557174 A CN104557174 A CN 104557174A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/50—Treatments combining two or more different biological or biochemical treatments, e.g. anaerobic and aerobic treatment or vermicomposting and aerobic treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C9/00—Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention discloses a special compound organic fertilizer for tobacco. The special compound organic fertilizer mainly comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25-40 parts of maize straws, 10-25 parts of excrements of livestock, 10-15 parts of oil cake, 0.1-0.6 part of urea and 0.1 part of a decomposition agent. The organic fertilizer is mainly prepared by the following steps: pretreating raw materials, performing primary fermentation, performing secondary fermentation, drying and packaging. The fertilizer is applied to the ditch before tobacco plant transplanting, so that growth of the tobacco plants can be obviously promoted, particularly the plant height and leaf length are increased, and the tobacco planting soil is improved; and therefore, the nicotine content of the tobacco leaf is reduced, the quality and appearance quality of the tobacco leaf are improved, the land resources can be effectively protected due to reasonable application of the fertilizer, and a necessary guarantee is provided for sustainable development of the tobacco leaf. The organic fertilizer is particularly suitable for cultivation of high-quality tobacco leaf. In addition, the organic fertilizer disclosed by the invention is wide in source and low in price, the pollution of straw combustion and livestock manure on the environment is reduced, the preparation method is simple and feasible, and the fertilizer is wide in functions and good in effect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the field of fertilizer, particularly one to grow tobacco special compound organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
In recent years, the long-term excessive use in China due to chemical fertilizer, in agriculture production, Soil degradation and quality of agricultural product decline problem highlight day by day.According to the current tobacco cultivation condition of China, the multiple crop index of major part tobacco-growing soil is larger, meanwhile, owing to using chemical fertilizer in a large number for a long time, ignore the use of fertilizer, cause vega soil acidifying, harden, biological activity reduces, and the utilization ratio of the nutrient such as phosphorus, potassium is not high, is difficult to required balanced, the sufficient nutrient of supply tobacco growth, thus causing yield of tobacco and interior quality to decline, as thin out in color, oil content reduces, fragrance owes foot, jealous difference etc.Reduce the amount of application of chemical in tobacco leaf production, improve quality and security, to promoting that the Sustainable development of tobacco leaf production has great importance.
Biological organic fertilizer, have promote soil fertility, improve soil microorganisms environment, improve utilization rate of fertilizer, strengthen cigarette strain resistance against diseases, the advantage such as nontoxic, non-environmental-pollution, study its application on tobacco, meet the developing direction of nuisanceless leaf tobacco production.Fertilizer efficiency about fertilizer and chemical fertilizer compounding application and the impact on soil fertility and cigarette quality thereof, existing many bibliographical informations both at home and abroad.In recent years, the domestic applying organic manure, inorganic and organicly join the test executing, use bio-bacterial manure Some substitute chemical fertilizer of in succession having carried out in cured tobacco production, achieves certain increasing of quality and production effect.
For this reason; prepare the compound organic fertilizer of applicable tobacco cultivation; fully and reasonably utilize the existing organic manure resource in local rural area; can save production cost for tobacco grower; increase economic efficiency, the quality of tobacco leaf can be improved again widely, for production of cigarettes creates good former cigarette; also reduce the burning of local maize straw and feces of livestock and poultry to the pollution of environment simultaneously, be conducive to the protection of environment.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is just to provide a kind of tobacco compound organic fertilizer that can promote that tobacco leaf grows, improve cigarette quality, improve tobacco-growing soil.
Object of the present invention realizes by following measures:
The present invention is prepared from primarily of following composition, by weight, and maize straw: 25-40 part, feces of livestock and poultry: 10-20 part, oil cake: 10-15 part, urea: 0.1-0.6 part, decomposing agent 0.1 part.
The method comprises the following steps:
(1) stalk and feces of livestock and poultry is collected;
(2) pulverizing of stalk, cuts off with pulverizer or hay cutter and is crushed to 3-5cm;
(3) moisture regulates, and is drenched by the maize straw water of pulverizing, stalk is fully absorbed water, make relative moisture water content remain on 60 ~ 65%, be embodied in: pick up stalk, and hand can expressed water after clutching;
(4) layering composting mode is taked, stack puddling the thickness of uniform stalk according to 20-30cm for every layer, then it to be evenly sprinkling upon on stalk by amount of urea and zymophyte consumption and to admix, then by feces of livestock and poultry uniform spreading on stalk, namely completing the composting of the first layer; Repeat above step 4 to 5 times, successively stack to 0.9 ~ 1.2 meter; Composting specification is the wide 1.8-2.2 rice in base, upper hem width 1 ~ 1.2 meter, the trapezoidal buttress of high 0.9-1.2 rice, and the length 4.8-5.2 rice of bar buttress, with plastic film covering, prevents rainfall drip washing and moisture loss; When initial, the bar buttress wet feed of every meter is heavily 0.8-1.2 ton;
(5) composting secondary fermentation core temperature rises to 55-60 DEG C, and carries out first time turning after maintaining one week, within later every 20 days, carries out turning once, altogether turning 4 times; Be sure to during turning uniform and complete, substrate material is ploughed under as far as possible heap middle and upper part, fully to become thoroughly decomposed, keep the skin wet maintenance constant humidity simultaneously; Immediately fermentation heap shape should be repaired after each turning, and build plastic film;
(6) in the fermentation ends previous moon, oil cake is layered on fermentation heap by 80kg/ rice ratio uniform, by turning, oil cake and other material stirring is even, then composting 30-45 days, namely complete fermenting process; If composting temperature is more than 60 DEG C after adding oil cake, should turning immediately, prevent oil cake from carbonizing.
The stalk material of described step (1) is maize straw, and poultry manure comprises pig manure, cow dung, sheep excrement and other feces of livestock and poultry.
Main ingredient of the present invention:
Development of the present invention, on the basis of the preparation and efficacy that in depth have studied fertilizer, by fully grasping agroecosystem present situation, combine the practical situation that vega grows and manages, local resources is used to combine with the ecological economy, adopt advanced technique, tobacco growing is grown the organic matter needed, high-performance bio potassium element, nitrogen, phosphorus element waits principal element and beneficial element etc. to carry out organic composition, solve tobacco-growing soil to harden, soil acidification, utilization rate of fertilizer is low, and the multinomial technical barrier such as the Appropriate application of resource and the protection of ecotope.
This invention the key technical indexes: organic >=8.26%, N >=1.53%, P2O5 >=0.18%, K2O >=1.1%
advantage of the present invention
The fertilizer that the present invention is prepared owing to adopting above-mentioned formula; by transplanting preceding article ditch applying fertilizer in cigarette strain; significantly can promote the growth of cigarette strain; the particularly increase of plant height, leaf length; but also improve the soil of planting cigarette, promote that nicotine content of tobacco leaves reduces, improve quality of tobacco and visual appearance; Rational Application can protect land resources effectively, for Sustainable Development of Tobacco Leaf provides necessary guarantee.Be specially adapted to the cultivation of sound tobacco.On the other hand, the raw material sources of the present invention's composition are extensive, cheap, and decrease the burning of stalk and poultry manure to the pollution of environment, preparation method is simple, and function is wide, effective.
Specifically tool has the following advantages:
1 .improvement soil, promote the increase of Soil Microorganism activity and quantity, in soil, nutrient content increases;
2 .facilitate growing of flue-cured tobacco, increase cigarette strain plant height, stem girth, leaf length and leaves number;
3 .using the present invention's " tobacco compound organic fertilizer " makes tobacco leaf be easy to baking, can significantly improve the organoleptic quality of tobacco leaf, guarantees volume increase, increment, increases economic efficiency;
4 .improve total reducing sugar in cured tobacco leaf, reducing sugar, total nitrogen and
k 2 ocontent, reduce nicotine and
cl -- content, improve sugared alkali than and nitrogen base ratio, improve
k/Clratio, improves the physical behavior of flue-cured tobacco, improves exterior quality and the chemical quality of tobacco leaf;
the mechanism of action of the present invention and effect thereof
1 .improvement soil, promote the increase of Soil Microorganism activity and quantity, in soil, nutrient content increases
Biological organic fertilizer refers to microorganisms with specific functions and is mainly originate and have the fertilizer of microbial fertilizer and fertilizer effect through the class that harmless treatment, the organic materials that becomes thoroughly decomposed are composited concurrently with plant and animal residues (as feces of livestock and poultry, agricultural crop straw etc.).The application of biological organic fertilizer on tobacco is more and more extensive, it compensate for soil compaction, the poor water retention property that chemical fertilizer causes, the soil organism declines, biological activity reduces, the shortcoming such as the utilization ratio of the nutrients such as phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and trace element is not high, makes tobacco production, quality and disease resistance all be greatly improved.
At present, tobacco has been found that have 16 kinds of fundamental elements maintaining cigarette strain growth at least.The unit that cigarette strain needs in a large number is called principal element usually, and the little element of other requirements is then called trace element.The division of principal element is according to the size of cigarette strain to these element absorption amounts, instead of according to the power of these element interaction functions.In tobacco, principal element comprises: nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulphur, and these elements play a part key to growing of tobacco.
Nitrogen is the element determining tobacco leaf growth and ripe most critical.If the nitrogen that cigarette strain absorbs is too much, cigarette strain will be made to grow dramatically, and lower tobacco leaf sheet is roomy, and identity is thinner, in dry season, end baking easily occurs, also easily roasting bad during modulation; Upper smoke blade face is coarse, and identity is thinner, tissue and color all very poor.Meanwhile, also make the maturation of tobacco leaf postpone, be difficult to modulation, the growth of axillalry bud increases.Otherwise if the nitrogen hunger that cigarette strain absorbs, tobacco leaf will be made less, and leaf look more shallow, and tobacco stem is thin and short.If grow early stage cigarette strain nitrogen stress, tobacco leaf will be caused straight and upright, leaf look turns yellow, tobacco leaf early ageing.Because some nitrogen compound character is stable not, top tissue can be transferred to from bottom tissue, make lower tobacco leaf early ageing, even dead, and upper tobacco leaf still keeps normal green.
Phosphorus is the fundamental component forming viable cell in tobacco leaf.In the tender tissue of tobacco leaf, the content of phosphorus is the highest.Phosphorus supply biochemical reaction, with vigor, synthesizes carbohydrate, grease and protein.Phosphorus can promote the root system development that cigarette seedling is early stage.Phosphorus as a kind of buffer reagent, can also keep the potential of hydrogen condition that good in cigarette strain cell.
Potassium does not participate in the composition of the important composition of any one in cigarette strain, such as sugar, protein or chlorophyll, they itself not containing potassium, but potassium on the generation of these compositions and amount number but have important impact.Potassium occupies sizable ratio in the composition that cigarette strain is all.The comparision contents of potassium in the tender tissue of cigarette strain is large, and affects the division of cell.Potassium all in cigarette strain, as the inorganic salt of solubility, is exist with solvable state.Potassium is changeable in cigarette strain.When the supply of potassium is fewer, due to its solubility, it can transfer to upper tobacco leaf tissue from lower tobacco leaf tissue.
The present invention is excessive for the upper tobacco chemical fertilizer application of production just, causes the hardening of soil, poor water retention property, utilization rate of fertilizer low, this problem and the product innovation developed.This product contains principal element N, P, K needed for tobacco growing growth.Before tobacco transplant, this product of Rational Application, can promote the activity of tobacco-growing soil microorganism and the increase of quantity.Main nutrient elements simultaneously in the present invention can sustained release, and fertilizer efficiency is relatively more lasting, and Nutrient Elements in Soil maintains higher level, has ensured the demand that tobacco growing is grown.The interaction results of above-mentioned not same-action, its macroscopic token is: Soil Microorganism quantity generally can be made after using the present invention to increase by 40 ~ 145%, and organic matter can increase 10-30%, and nitrogen improves 2.5 ~ 18.4%, and the potassium in soil and phosphorus element all significantly improve.
.facilitate growing of flue-cured tobacco, increase cigarette strain plant height, stem girth, leaf length and leaves number
Growth refers to that crop individuality, organ, tissue and cell are in volume, weight and quantitative increase, is an irreversible quantitative change process.Grow the qualitative change process referring to crop its structure, function in life, it shows as the differentiation of cell, tissue and organ, finally cause plant root, stem, Ye Hehua, really, the formation of reality, seed.Plant growth and weave in when growing, growth is not just grown, and does not grow also not further growth, grows, and development growth alternately advances, and growth is the basis of growing, and growth is the amount of growth and the further performance of matter.
The factor affecting tobacco growing growth and metabolism has illumination, temperature, moisture, and fertilizer efficiency is the very crucial factor.The supply of a large amount of nutritive elements is needed, to ensure that it grows normally in tobacco growing growth course.Tobacco normal growth is grown and the formation of quality needs the necessary nutritive element of multiple cigarette strain.It is in transplanting latter 45 days to 75 days that tobacco absorbs fertilizer in a large number, and absorbing peak is in prosperous long-term and squaring period.After this various nutrients uptake amounts declines gradually, ensures that the tobacco leaf Huang Cheng that falls timely is ripe.If but now soil nutrient elements is too much, easily causes excessive growth, forms black sudden and violent cigarette, cause tobacco leaf not easily to toast.
The present invention meets the rule of growing of flue-cured tobacco to cigarette strain fertilizer, and early stage, nutrient supply progressively promoted, and peak for a long time prosperous, after this each nutritive element starts progressively to decline, and is conducive to the formation of sound tobacco.
The present invention has a significant effect to the multinomial economical character of cigarette strain.After process that the present invention uses " the special compound organic fertilizer of tobacco ", enhance improving activity of root system, facilitate the normal robust growth of cigarette strain, facilitate growing of cigarette strain.Compared with the pure contrast executing Special compound fertilizer for tobacco, the plant height of cigarette strain, stem girth, pitch, maximum leaf are long, maximum width of blade and leaves number all have obvious increase.
.coordinate chemical composition in cured tobacco leaf, be conducive to the improvement of quality of tobacco
At present, the production of tobacco leaf exists in many problems, and aroma substance is not enough, chemical composition is coordinated not, upper leaf poor availability, and between position, quality discrepancy is excessive crosses high outstanding problem with nicotine content.Trace it to its cause and may be: on the one hand because most of tobacco-growing soil ground multiple crop index is larger; On the other hand due to long-term application chemical fertilizer, ignore using of fertilizer, cause vega acidifying, harden, biological activity reduces, and the utilization ratio of the nutrient such as phosphorus, potassium is not high, and what be difficult to supply needed for tobacco growth is balanced nutritious.Want to improve this situation, the most effective and the most feasible approach uses organic materials or fertilizer improvement soil.Fertilizer can improve soil with organic matter content, improves physico-chemical property and the nutritional status of soil, but fertilizer efficiency is slow, if with inorganic fertilizer compounding application, can culture fertility, the utilization ratio of crop to fertilizer nitrogen can be improved again.
Fertilizer is larger on Flue-cured tobacco Quality impact, someone thinks that fertilizer defines complicated intermediate product in decomposition course, the metabolism and growth of flue-cured tobacco root system can be promoted, be conducive to the accumulation of carbohydrate, aromatoising substance, thus cured tobacco leaf fragrance, jealous, exterior quality is better.The Harmony of tobacco leaf chemical composition evaluates the standard of inherent quality of tobacco leaf.After using the present invention, improve total reducing sugar in cured tobacco leaf, reducing sugar, total nitrogen and
k 2 ocontent, reduce nicotine and
cl -- content, improve sugared alkali than and nitrogen base ratio, improve
k/Clratio, improves the physical behavior of flue-cured tobacco, improves the chemical quality of tobacco leaf.
Research shows, for photosynthesis, chlorine is a kind of basic element.If cigarette strain can absorb enough chlorine, so decisive action is had for the growth of cigarette strain and the quality of tobacco leaf.Cigarette strain can obtain chlorine easily from soil or fertilizer.For quality of tobacco, chlorine is favourable to be also harmful to.If the content of chlorine is suitable in cigarette strain, tobacco tissue can be made to have a rational structure, and the color of its hygroscopic property and the rear tobacco leaf of modulation can be improved.If chlorine contained in cigarette strain is excessive, will affect its normal growth, make tobacco leaf thickening, leaf is subduing, and easily crisp, and the tobacco leaf after modulation presents mould grey.
The present invention's " special compound organic fertilizer of tobacco ", just according to the physio-biochemical characteristics of tobacco trophology, science coordinated the efficient absorption of the potassium of tobacco and the relation of homologue profile, coordinated K/Cl, improve the physical behavior of flue-cured tobacco, improve exterior quality and the intrinsic chemical quality of tobacco leaf.
.using the present invention's " special compound organic fertilizer of tobacco " makes tobacco leaf be easy to baking, can significantly improve the organoleptic quality of tobacco leaf, guarantees volume increase, increment, increases economic efficiency
On tobacco leaf production, much research shows that application of organic fertilizers enhances improving activity of root system, promotes that cigarette strain is grown, and strengthens cigarette strain physiological metabolism, can improve yield of flue-cured tobacco, the output value, improve quality of tobacco.Use the present invention's " tobacco compound organic fertilizer ", it is consistent that its effect is studied with forefathers, not only improves the output of tobacco leaf, the output value, also improves the exterior quality of tobacco leaf.
From output, use the present invention's " special compound organic fertilizer of tobacco " and respectively process yield of tobacco respectively than the high 50.6 ~ 106.4Kg/hm of contrast
2.The major cause of volume increase is that compound organic fertilizer can promote the tobacco growth absorption of early stage to nutrient, also can meet the prosperous long-term lasting supply to nutrient.
From the output value, use the present invention's " special compound organic fertilizer of tobacco " and respectively process the tobacco leaf output value respectively than high 1794.64 ~ 4131.28 yuan/hm of contrast
2.Significantly improve the income of peasant.
From first-class cigarette ratio, compared with the control, application of organic fertilizers all significantly improve first-class cigarette ratio, maximumly improve 6%.From better-than-average cigarette, application of organic fertilizers process is significantly higher than contrast, illustrates that application of organic fertilizers can improve the exterior quality of tobacco leaf thus, increases farmers' income.
Embodiment
The present invention does below in conjunction with embodiment with detailed description:
Embodiment 1
The present invention includes the present invention to be prepared from primarily of following composition, by weight,
Maize straw: 25 parts, feces of livestock and poultry: 25 parts, oil cake: 10 parts, urea: 0.1 part, decomposing agent: 0.1 part.
Concrete steps are:
(1) Straw and pig manure is collected just;
(2) pulverizing of stalk, cuts off with pulverizer or hay cutter and is crushed to 3cm;
(3) moisture regulates, and is drenched by the maize straw water of pulverizing, stalk is fully absorbed water, make relative moisture water content remain on 60%, be embodied in: pick up stalk, and hand can expressed water after clutching;
(4) taking layering composting mode, stacking puddling the thickness of uniform stalk according to 20cm for every layer, then it to be evenly sprinkling upon on stalk by amount of urea and zymophyte consumption and to admix, then by swine excrement uniform spreading on stalk, namely completing the composting of the first layer; Repeat above step 4 time, successively stack to 0.9 meter; Composting specification is that base is wide 1.8 meters, upper hem width 1 meter, the trapezoidal buttress of high 0.9 meter, and the length 4.8 meters of bar buttress, with plastic film covering, prevents rainfall drip washing and moisture loss; When initial, the bar buttress wet feed of every meter is heavily 0.8 ton;
(5) composting secondary fermentation core temperature rises to 55 DEG C, and carries out first time turning after maintaining one week, within later every 20 days, carries out turning once, altogether turning 4 times; Be sure to during turning uniform and complete, substrate material is ploughed under as far as possible heap middle and upper part, fully to become thoroughly decomposed, keep the skin wet maintenance constant humidity simultaneously; Immediately fermentation heap shape should be repaired after each turning, and build plastic film;
(6) in the fermentation ends previous moon, oil cake is layered on fermentation heap by 80kg/ rice ratio uniform, by turning, oil cake and other material stirring is even, then composting more than 35 days, namely complete fermenting process; If composting temperature is more than 60 DEG C after adding oil cake, should turning immediately, prevent oil cake from carbonizing.
Embodiment 2
The present invention includes the present invention to be prepared from primarily of following composition, by weight,
Maize straw: 30 parts, feces of livestock and poultry: 20 parts, oil cake: 15 parts, urea: 0.3 part, decomposing agent: 0.1 part.
Comprise the following steps:
(1) collection stalk and cow dung are just;
(2) pulverizing of stalk, cuts off with pulverizer or hay cutter and is crushed to 3-5cm;
(3) moisture regulates, and is drenched by the maize straw water of pulverizing, stalk is fully absorbed water, make relative moisture water content remain on 65%, be embodied in: pick up stalk, and hand can expressed water after clutching;
(4) taking layering composting mode, stacking puddling the thickness of uniform stalk according to 30cm for every layer, then it to be evenly sprinkling upon on stalk by amount of urea and zymophyte consumption and to admix, then by cow dung just uniform spreading on stalk, namely complete the composting of the first layer; Repeat above step 5 time, successively stack to 1.2 meters; Composting specification is that base is wide 2.2 meters, upper hem width 1.2 meters, the trapezoidal buttress of high 1.2 meters, and the length 5.2 meters of bar buttress, with plastic film covering, prevents rainfall drip washing and moisture loss; When initial, the bar buttress wet feed of every meter is heavily 1.2 tons;
(5) composting secondary fermentation core temperature rises to more than 60 DEG C, and carries out first time turning after maintaining one week, within later every 20 days, carries out turning once, altogether turning 4 times; Be sure to during turning uniform and complete, substrate material is ploughed under as far as possible heap middle and upper part, fully to become thoroughly decomposed, keep the skin wet maintenance constant humidity simultaneously; Immediately fermentation heap shape should be repaired after each turning, and build plastic film;
(6) in the fermentation ends previous moon, oil cake is layered on fermentation heap by 80kg/ rice ratio uniform, by turning, oil cake and other material stirring is even, then composting more than 36 days, namely complete fermenting process; If composting temperature is more than 60 DEG C after adding oil cake, should turning immediately, prevent oil cake from carbonizing.
Embodiment 3
The present invention includes the present invention to be prepared from primarily of following composition, by weight,
Maize straw: 35 parts, feces of livestock and poultry: 15 parts, oil cake: 10 parts, urea: 0.5 part, decomposing agent: 0.1 part.
Preparation method is:
(1) stalk and sheep ight soil is collected;
(2) pulverizing of stalk, cuts off with pulverizer or hay cutter and is crushed to 4cm;
(3) moisture regulates, and is drenched by the maize straw water of pulverizing, stalk is fully absorbed water, make relative moisture water content remain on 62%, be embodied in: pick up stalk, and hand can expressed water after clutching;
(4) taking layering composting mode, stacking puddling the thickness of uniform stalk according to 25cm for every layer, then it to be evenly sprinkling upon on stalk by amount of urea and zymophyte consumption and to admix, then by sheep ight soil uniform spreading on stalk, namely completing the composting of the first layer; Repeat above step 4 time, successively stack to 1 meter; Composting specification is that base is wide 2 meters, upper hem width 1 meter, the trapezoidal buttress of high 1 meter, and the length 5 meters of bar buttress, with plastic film covering, prevents rainfall drip washing and moisture loss; When initial, the bar buttress wet feed of every meter is heavily 1 ton;
(5) composting secondary fermentation core temperature rises to more than 55 DEG C, and carries out first time turning after maintaining one week, within later every 20 days, carries out turning once, altogether turning 4 times; Be sure to during turning uniform and complete, substrate material is ploughed under as far as possible heap middle and upper part, fully to become thoroughly decomposed, keep the skin wet maintenance constant humidity simultaneously; Immediately fermentation heap shape should be repaired after each turning, and build plastic film;
(6) in the fermentation ends previous moon, oil cake is layered on fermentation heap by 80kg/ rice ratio uniform, by turning, oil cake and other material stirring is even, then composting more than 30 days, namely complete fermenting process; If composting temperature is more than 60 DEG C after adding oil cake, should turning immediately, prevent oil cake from carbonizing.
Embodiment 4
The present invention includes the present invention to be prepared from primarily of following composition, by weight,
Maize straw: 40 parts, feces of livestock and poultry: 10 parts, oil cake: 8 parts, urea: 0.6 part, decomposing agent: 0.1 part.
Preparation method is:
(1) stalk and chicken and duck ight soil is collected;
(2) pulverizing of stalk, cuts off with pulverizer or hay cutter and is crushed to 3-5cm;
(3) moisture regulates, and is drenched by the maize straw water of pulverizing, stalk is fully absorbed water, make relative moisture water content remain on 60%, be embodied in: pick up stalk, and hand can expressed water after clutching;
(4) taking layering composting mode, stacking puddling the thickness of uniform stalk according to 25cm for every layer, then it to be evenly sprinkling upon on stalk by amount of urea and zymophyte consumption and to admix, then by chicken and duck ight soil uniform spreading on stalk, namely completing the composting of the first layer; Repeat above step 5 time, successively stack to 1 meter; Composting specification is that base is wide 1.1 meters, upper hem width 1.1 meters, the trapezoidal buttress of high 1 meter, and the length 5 meters of bar buttress, with plastic film covering, prevents rainfall drip washing and moisture loss; When initial, the bar buttress wet feed of every meter is heavily 1.1 tons;
(5) composting secondary fermentation core temperature rises to more than 55 DEG C, and carries out first time turning after maintaining one week, within later every 20 days, carries out turning once, altogether turning 4 times; Be sure to during turning uniform and complete, substrate material is ploughed under as far as possible heap middle and upper part, fully to become thoroughly decomposed, keep the skin wet maintenance constant humidity simultaneously; Immediately fermentation heap shape should be repaired after each turning, and build plastic film;
(6) in the fermentation ends previous moon, oil cake is layered on fermentation heap by 80kg/ rice ratio uniform, by turning, oil cake and other material stirring is even, then composting more than 45 days, namely complete fermenting process; If composting temperature is more than 60 DEG C after adding oil cake, should turning immediately, prevent oil cake from carbonizing.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, all equalizations done according to the present patent application the scope of the claims change and modify, and all should belong to covering scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. one to grow tobacco special compound organic fertilizer, it is characterized in that: its raw material mainly consists of the following composition, by weight, maize straw: 25-40 part, feces of livestock and poultry: 10-25 part, oil cake: 10-15 part, urea: 0.1-0.6 part, decomposing agent 0.1 part.
2. a preparation method for the special compound organic fertilizer of tobacco as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) stalk and feces of livestock and poultry is collected;
(2) pulverizing of stalk, cuts off with pulverizer or hay cutter and is crushed to 3-5cm;
(3) moisture regulates, and is drenched by the maize straw water of pulverizing, stalk is fully absorbed water, make relative moisture water content remain on 60 ~ 65%, be embodied in: pick up stalk, and hand can expressed water after clutching;
(4) layering composting mode is taked, stack puddling the thickness of uniform stalk according to 20-30cm for every layer, then it to be evenly sprinkling upon on stalk by amount of urea and zymophyte consumption and to admix, then by feces of livestock and poultry uniform spreading on stalk, namely completing the composting of the first layer; Repeat above step 4 to 5 times, successively stack to 0.9 ~ 1.2 meter; Composting specification is the wide 1.8-2.2 rice in base, upper hem width 1 ~ 1.2 meter, the trapezoidal buttress of high 0.9-1.2 rice, and the length 4.8-5.2 rice of bar buttress, with plastic film covering, prevents rainfall drip washing and moisture loss; When initial, the bar buttress wet feed of every meter is heavily 0.8-1.2 ton;
(5) composting secondary fermentation core temperature rises to 55-60 DEG C, and carries out first time turning after maintaining one week, within later every 20 days, carries out turning once, altogether turning 4 times; Be sure to during turning uniform and complete, substrate material is ploughed under as far as possible heap middle and upper part, fully to become thoroughly decomposed, keep the skin wet maintenance constant humidity simultaneously; Immediately fermentation heap shape should be repaired after each turning, and build plastic film;
(6) in the fermentation ends previous moon, oil cake is layered on fermentation heap by 80kg/ rice ratio uniform, by turning, oil cake and other material stirring is even, then composting 30-45 days, namely complete fermenting process; If composting temperature is more than 60 DEG C after adding oil cake, should turning immediately, prevent oil cake charcoal.
3. according to claim 1 one preparation method growing tobacco special compound organic fertilizer, is characterized in that: the stalk material of described step (1) is maize straw, and poultry manure comprises pig manure, cow dung, sheep excrement and other feces of livestock and poultry.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510040688.0A CN104557174B (en) | 2015-01-28 | 2015-01-28 | One grows tobacco special compound organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510040688.0A CN104557174B (en) | 2015-01-28 | 2015-01-28 | One grows tobacco special compound organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104557174A true CN104557174A (en) | 2015-04-29 |
| CN104557174B CN104557174B (en) | 2017-09-15 |
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Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105175069A (en) * | 2015-09-01 | 2015-12-23 | 福建省春天园林工程有限公司 | Soil improving microbial fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN105198566A (en) * | 2015-09-06 | 2015-12-30 | 清新县农宝专用肥料厂 | Functional ecotypic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN106561423A (en) * | 2016-10-12 | 2017-04-19 | 青海省农林科学院园艺研究所 | Fermented jerusalem artichoke straw for soilless culture, and composite medium of fermentative jerusalem artichoke straw |
| CN107245019A (en) * | 2017-08-05 | 2017-10-13 | 福建小薇金匙科技孵化有限公司 | It is a kind of for soil conditioner of tobacco planting and preparation method thereof |
| CN107493884A (en) * | 2017-08-30 | 2017-12-22 | 云南省烟草公司丽江市公司 | Valley of Jinsha River region tobacco-growing soil nursing method |
| CN108658643A (en) * | 2018-06-04 | 2018-10-16 | 四川省烟草公司广元市公司 | One grows tobacco cover special meal fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| US10127057B2 (en) | 2015-02-03 | 2018-11-13 | Baidu Online Network Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd. | Method and apparatus for dynamically implementing application function |
| CN109650971A (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2019-04-19 | 贵州省烟草公司遵义市公司 | A kind of foliar fertilizer and preparation method thereof promoting the secretion of tobacco oil |
| CN110981576A (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2020-04-10 | 云南省烟草公司丽江市公司 | Tobacco microbial organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN111499435A (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2020-08-07 | 大理洱海生物肥业有限公司 | Special solid organic fertilizer for tobacco and preparation method thereof |
| CN112243801A (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2021-01-22 | 常德市农林科学研究院 | Method for reducing morbidity of globe artichoke, prolonging bud period and improving yield and quality |
| CN112500233A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-03-16 | 哈尔滨丹青农业科技股份有限公司 | Method for increasing soil organic matter by using solid-liquid mixed manure |
| CN112552089A (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2021-03-26 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Static continuous fermentation method for organic fertilizer |
| CN115745706A (en) * | 2022-12-01 | 2023-03-07 | 衡阳县沛科生态科技有限责任公司 | Formula and preparation method of organic fertilizer special for tobacco leaves |
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Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10127057B2 (en) | 2015-02-03 | 2018-11-13 | Baidu Online Network Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd. | Method and apparatus for dynamically implementing application function |
| CN105175069A (en) * | 2015-09-01 | 2015-12-23 | 福建省春天园林工程有限公司 | Soil improving microbial fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN105198566A (en) * | 2015-09-06 | 2015-12-30 | 清新县农宝专用肥料厂 | Functional ecotypic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN106561423A (en) * | 2016-10-12 | 2017-04-19 | 青海省农林科学院园艺研究所 | Fermented jerusalem artichoke straw for soilless culture, and composite medium of fermentative jerusalem artichoke straw |
| CN107245019A (en) * | 2017-08-05 | 2017-10-13 | 福建小薇金匙科技孵化有限公司 | It is a kind of for soil conditioner of tobacco planting and preparation method thereof |
| CN107493884A (en) * | 2017-08-30 | 2017-12-22 | 云南省烟草公司丽江市公司 | Valley of Jinsha River region tobacco-growing soil nursing method |
| CN108658643A (en) * | 2018-06-04 | 2018-10-16 | 四川省烟草公司广元市公司 | One grows tobacco cover special meal fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN109650971A (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2019-04-19 | 贵州省烟草公司遵义市公司 | A kind of foliar fertilizer and preparation method thereof promoting the secretion of tobacco oil |
| CN110981576A (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2020-04-10 | 云南省烟草公司丽江市公司 | Tobacco microbial organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN111499435A (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2020-08-07 | 大理洱海生物肥业有限公司 | Special solid organic fertilizer for tobacco and preparation method thereof |
| CN112243801A (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2021-01-22 | 常德市农林科学研究院 | Method for reducing morbidity of globe artichoke, prolonging bud period and improving yield and quality |
| CN112552089A (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2021-03-26 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Static continuous fermentation method for organic fertilizer |
| CN112500233A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-03-16 | 哈尔滨丹青农业科技股份有限公司 | Method for increasing soil organic matter by using solid-liquid mixed manure |
| CN115745706A (en) * | 2022-12-01 | 2023-03-07 | 衡阳县沛科生态科技有限责任公司 | Formula and preparation method of organic fertilizer special for tobacco leaves |
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