CN104540130A - Self coexistence channel selection method based on Hash matching in cognitive radio network - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a self coexistence channel selection method based on Hash matching in a cognitive radio network and relates to the field of safety of the cognitive radio network. The method includes the following steps that S1, a CA generates and distributes a random number sequence matrix R to M cognitive users, and the CA calculates and sends the Hash to a DB; S2, the cognitive user SUj carries out channel application; S3, a BSj collects all channel application information received at the time of t, and processes and sends the channel application information to the DB; S4, the DB carries out identity authentication and information feedback; S5, channels are distributed to the cognitive users passing authentication; S6, the BSj registers channel use information in the DB. The self coexistence channel selection method based on Hash matching in the cognitive radio network can effectively prevent position privacy leakage of the cognitive users, can better adapt to cognitive radio network with dynamic spectrum changes considering the aspects of calculation complexity, communication expenses and the like, and is easy to operate and convenient to use by people.

Description

Based on the channel selecting method that certainly coexists of Hash coupling in cognitive radio networks

Technical field

The present invention relates to cognition wireless network security fields, be specifically related in a kind of cognitive radio networks based on the channel selecting method that certainly coexists that Hash (hash) mates.

Background technology

Along with the increase of wireless communication needs, wireless channel is more and more crowded; In order to solve the in great shortage problem of frequency spectrum resource, cognition wireless network is applied and gives birth to.Based on most of frequency range fixed allocation to the reality of authorized user (primary user), cognition wireless network allows unauthorized user (cognitive user) under the prerequisite not affecting primary user, wait for an opportunity insertion authority frequency range, thus alleviate the nervous problem of frequency spectrum resource, improve resource utilization.

When cognition wireless network uses, because the uncertainty of primary user's behavior, so the usable spectrum of cognitive user can become along with the time; Meanwhile, the mobility of cognitive user also makes usable spectrum constantly change.The mobility of spectrum agile and cognitive user is that cognition wireless network brings more challenge; Due to the regional change of usable spectrum, between the position of user and its frequency spectrum used, there is indivisible contact, namely use information can obtain the relevant geographical location information of user by the channel of user.Assailant utilizes this feature of cognitive radio, can judge and locate cognitive user, thus send refuse messages, deceptive information is provided, infer user address, job site, occupation and social information etc., the privacy of the user that constitutes a serious infringement, and cause the harm that can not estimate.

In the frequency spectrum distributing method that DB (Data Base, database) drives, cognitive user needs access idle channel to communicate with other cognitive user, first needs to send the channel request comprising positional information to base station.After base station receives channel request information, forwarding information, to DB, obtains the SAI (Spectrum AvailabilityInfor-mation, usable spectrum information) of this cognitive user region, and SAI is sent to cognitive user from DB.Cognitive user selects a channel according to SAI, and in DB, register this channel.

Because frequency spectrum uses the position of information and cognitive user closely related, if so DB is interested in the frequency spectrum collecting cognitive user use information, or malicious user uses information for the frequency spectrum being obtained cognitive user by DB, the positional information of cognitive user will be caused to leak, thus cause associated privacy information to expose.Such as, certain company wants that the industry such as employee, the amusement food and drink attempt of following the trail of oneself is the positional information etc. that the equipment such as the intelligent terminal of cognitive user inject the acquisition user of advertising message and other objects.Therefore, in cognitive radio networks, the protection of privacy information is even more important.

Assailant, by the channel usage of cognitive user, infers the position of cognitive user, thus accurately locates, and this kind of attack is that the customer location privacy caused because channel uses the leakage of information exposes problem.

At present, the method avoiding cognitive radio networks under attack is generally: in the cognitive radio networks that DB drives, utilize the blind factor to hide the positional information of user, propose a kind of frequency spectrum based on prediction simultaneously and use agreement, the channel more stable by selection mode reduces switching, thus reduces the probability that assailant successfully infers cognitive user positional information.

But said method utilizes channel degree of stability to carry out Channel assignment, operation more complicated, is not easy to people and uses after needing to judge the stability of channel according to the frequency of utilization of each cognitive user storage available channel.

Summary of the invention

For the defect existed in prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide the channel selecting method that certainly coexists based on Hash coupling in a kind of cognitive radio networks.The present invention carrys out the identity of hiding cognitive user by Hash coupling and temporary labels; When the present invention uses, DB passes through from coexistence mechanism allocated channel and utilizes base station uniform registration mode, the location privacy of protection cognitive user.Analysis shows, effectively can not only prevent the location privacy of cognitive user from leaking, and operate fairly simple, is convenient to people and uses.

For reaching above object, based on the channel selecting method that certainly coexists of Hash coupling in cognitive radio networks provided by the invention, comprise the following steps:

S1: authentication center CA generates random number sequence matrix R, R={R _mn, (1≤m≤N), (1≤n≤N); CA calculates hash Hash matrix H according to R and H is sent to database D B; M × n random number is randomly assigned to M cognitive user with behavior unit by R by CA, cognitive user SU _jthe random number sequence set note R obtained _j(1≤j≤M), forwards step S2 to;

S2:SU _jby the region C of control channel to its place _jin base station BS _j, send the channel request information E of encryption _bSj(R _j1, t), t is the time, forwards step S3 to;

S3:BS _jcollect all E that t receives _bSj, and will receive sequence string deciphering, obtain series of secondary user profile R _secondary; BS _jfor each R _secondaryall stamp re-encrypted after label, each R _secondarylabel and corresponding random number information form enciphered message; BS _jby each R _secondaryenciphered message be sent to DB, forward step S4 to;

After S4:DB is decrypted the random number in enciphered message, carry out the hash value that Hash calculates random number, after the hash value of random number mates with the hash value of H, the user of corresponding label is by checking; DB is by the label by verifying and C _jin usable spectrum information encryption formed after available channel information, be sent to BS _j, DB deletes the hash value mated in H, forwards step S5 to;

S5:BS _jaccording to the cognitive user allocated channel that available channel information is by checking, forward step S6 to;

S6:BS _jin DB, registration channel uses information.

On the basis of technique scheme, in step S1, the formula of CA calculating Hash matrix H is:

$H=H\left(R\right)=\left[\begin{array}{c}h\left(R_{11}\right)h\left(R_{12}\right)......h\left(R_{1N}\right)\\ h\left(R_{21}\right)h\left(R_{22}\right)......h\left(R_{2k}\right)\\ ...........................................\\ h\left(R_{M1}\right)h\left(R_{M2}\right)......h\left(R_{\mathrm{MN}}\right)\end{array}\right].$

On the basis of technique scheme, the BS in step S3 _jfor each R _secondaryall stamp re-encrypted after label, each R _secondarylabel and corresponding random number information form enciphered message, specifically comprise the following steps: BS _jselect label tag _j1stamp label to random number, enciphered message is

On the basis of technique scheme, after the hash value of the random number in step S4 mates with the hash value of H, the user of corresponding label, by checking, specifically comprises the following steps: whether the match is successful to judge the hash value of the hash value of random number and H, and if so, DB is to BS _jsend the enciphered message of set of available channels , wherein S _jfor C _jset of available channels in scope; Otherwise DB is to BS _jsend

On the basis of technique scheme, step S5 specifically comprises the following steps: BS _jdeciphering available channel information, checking tag _j1whether the match is successful, if so, at C _js in scope _jthe most suitable channel ch of middle selection one _j, by ch _jenciphered message after encryption is sent to SU _j, enciphered message is ; Otherwise not allocated channel information.

On the basis of technique scheme, the channel registered in step S6 uses information as E _dB(BS _j, ch, t).

On the basis of technique scheme, further comprising the steps of after step S6:

S7: finish using when there is cognitive user Hash sequence, or the increase of new user, when needing again to apply for Hash sequence string to CA, CA upgrades Hash matrix and is sent to DB.

Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

(1) the present invention adopts Hash to mate, and can ensure that validated user can smoothly by checking; When the present invention uses, the individual channel of DB not stored user uses information, avoids the problem of leaking customer location privacy because channel uses information; Meanwhile, the present invention adopts random number Hash to verify, DB and BS allocated channel not only can be made to legal cognitive user, and add the difficulty of assailant.Even if obtain the positional information of user, assailant also cannot obtain the identity of user.

(2) the present invention is after channel allocation terminates, adopt the mode of base station login, log-on message in DB only comprises the channel list used in base station and institute's coverage thereof, there is no with cognitive user itself and contact directly, therefore, assailant cannot obtain the information of any associated subscriber position from log-on message.

(3) territory, network partition of the present invention and adopt from coexistence mechanism be each region allocation available channel, operating process is fairly simple, be convenient to people use, frequency spectrum resource can not only be made full use of, can ensure that again the communication between cognitive user is interference-free, the basis of maximum resource utilance improves QoS of customer.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the exemplary plot of the cognitive radio networks in the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the flow chart based on the channel selecting method that certainly coexists of Hash coupling in the cognitive radio networks in the embodiment of the present invention.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in further detail.

Shown in Figure 1, the cognitive radio networks in the embodiment of the present invention, is disposed N number of BS (subbase station), is connected between all BS by wired or dedicated channel in the C of network area.Sub-base station BS _ithe coverage of (1≤i≤N) is defined as C _i, C _iinterior all cognitive user can by control channel to BS _itransmitting channel application information, and by idle channel and BS _icommunication.

Cognitive user communicates with fixing transmitting power, ensure that the signal in each region can not have influence on adjacent region, and the available channel of adjacent area is not overlapping, namely adopts between cognitive user and communicate from coexistence mechanism.In channel request process, the usable spectrum information of the regional that DB sends to BS is the information by distributing from coexistence mechanism.

The track user attack process that the present invention considers is as follows: because comprise the complete positional information of cognitive user in channel request process, and the identity and the channel that comprise cognitive user in log-on message use information.In the privacy leakage attack that the latter causes because channel uses the leakage of information, the channel information that assailant can use according to cognitive user history and overall available channel conditions, extrapolate the particular location of cognitive user.Such as, if at PU _junder signal existent condition, cognitive user still can access channel C _j, then cognitive user must at region A _isupplementary set within.

Shown in Figure 2, based on the channel selecting method that certainly coexists of Hash coupling in the cognitive radio networks in the embodiment of the present invention, comprise the following steps:

S1:CA (CertificateAuthority, authentication center) generates random number sequence matrix R, R={R _mn, (1≤m≤N), (1≤n≤N); CA calculates Hash matrix H according to R and H is sent to DB.M × n random number is randomly assigned to M cognitive user with behavior unit by R by CA, cognitive user SU _jthe random number sequence set note R obtained _j(1≤j≤M), , forward step S2 to.

S2:SU _jby the region C of control channel to its place _jin base station BS _j, send the channel request information E of encryption _bSj(R _j1, t), t is the time, forwards step S3 to.

S3:BS _jcollect all E that t receives _bSj, and will receive sequence string deciphering, obtain series of secondary user profile R _secondary.BS _jfor each R _secondaryall stamp re-encrypted after label, each R _secondarylabel and corresponding random number information form enciphered message; BS _jby each R _secondaryenciphered message be sent to DB, forward step S4 to.

After S4:DB is decrypted the random number in enciphered message, carry out the hash value that Hash calculates random number, after the hash value of random number mates with the hash value of H, the user of corresponding label is by checking.DB is by the label by verifying and C _jin usable spectrum information encryption formed after available channel information, be sent to BS _j, DB deletes the hash value mated in H, forwards step S5 to.

S5:BS _jaccording to the cognitive user allocated channel that available channel information is by checking, forward step S6 to.

S6:BS _jin DB, registration channel uses information, so that DB uses information to carry out coordinated allocation to global channel, forwards step S7 to.

S7: finish using when there is cognitive user Hash sequence, or the increase of new user, when needing again to apply for Hash sequence string to CA, CA upgrades Hash matrix and is sent to DB.

In step S1, the formula of CA calculating Hash matrix H is:

$H=H\left(R\right)=\left[\begin{array}{c}h\left(R_{11}\right)h\left(R_{12}\right)......h\left(R_{1N}\right)\\ h\left(R_{21}\right)h\left(R_{22}\right)......h\left(R_{2k}\right)\\ ...........................................\\ h\left(R_{M1}\right)h\left(R_{M2}\right)......h\left(R_{\mathrm{MN}}\right)\end{array}\right].$

BS in step S3 _jfor each R _secondaryall stamp re-encrypted after label, each R _secondarylabel and corresponding random number information form enciphered message, specifically comprise the following steps: BS _jselect label tag _j1stamp label to random number, enciphered message is , BS _jlabel and corresponding random number (R need be recorded _j1, tag _j1) in order to the detection of link below.

After in step S4, the hash value of random number mates with the hash value of H, the user of corresponding label, by checking, specifically comprises the following steps: whether the match is successful to judge the hash value of the hash value of random number and H, and if so, DB is to BS _jsend the enciphered message of set of available channels , wherein S _jfor C _jset of available channels in scope; Otherwise DB is to BS _jsend

Step S5 specifically comprises the following steps: BS _jdeciphering available channel information, checking tag _j1whether the match is successful, if so, at C _js in scope _jthe most suitable channel ch of middle selection one _j, by ch _jenciphered message after encryption is sent to SU _j, enciphered message is otherwise not allocated channel information.

Channel in step S6 uses information to be E _dB(BS _j, ch, t).

Operation principle of the present invention is as follows:

Use information as can be seen from the individual channel of step S1 ~ S4, DB not stored user, avoid the problem of leaking customer location privacy because channel uses information; Meanwhile, the present invention adopts random number Hash to verify, DB and BS allocated channel not only can be made to legal cognitive user, and add the difficulty of assailant.Even if obtain the positional information of user, assailant also cannot obtain the identity of user.

Step S5 can carry out channel allocation according to the demand of coloring models and BS, different B S can multipling channel under not interactional condition, and number of available channels, BS coverage and BS number, BS channel demands etc. all can have influence on the probability that cognitive user positional information is revealed.

As can be seen from step S6, if the channel registration information that assailant obtains from DB, be merely able to the channel usage drawing each base station, the channel with cognitive user can not be obtained and use information, therefore, only obtain channel registration information, cannot cognitive user be located.If assailant gets the full detail of DB, the cognitive user that then known all random numbers are corresponding is in the coverage of which base station, but it does not know the relation of random number and user, namely know in each base station have how many cognitive user at use channel, but do not know it is all who is at use channel.

The present invention is not limited to above-mentioned execution mode, and for those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications are also considered as within protection scope of the present invention.The content be not described in detail in this specification belongs to the known prior art of professional and technical personnel in the field.

Claims (7)

1. in cognitive radio networks based on Hash coupling the channel selecting method that certainly coexists, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:

S1: authentication center CA generates random number sequence matrix R, R={R _mn, (1≤m≤N), (1≤n≤N); CA calculates hash Hash matrix H according to R and H is sent to database D B; M × n random number is randomly assigned to M cognitive user with behavior unit by R by CA, cognitive user SU _jthe random number sequence set note R obtained _j(1≤j≤M), forwards step S2 to;

S2:SU _jby the region C of control channel to its place _jin base station BS _j, send the channel request information E of encryption _bSj(R _j1, t), t is the time, forwards step S3 to;

S3:BS _jcollect all E that t receives _bSj, and will receive sequence string deciphering, obtain series of secondary user profile R _secondary; BS _jfor each R _secondaryall stamp re-encrypted after label, each R _secondarylabel and corresponding random number information form enciphered message; BS _jby each R _secondaryenciphered message be sent to DB, forward step S4 to;

After S4:DB is decrypted the random number in enciphered message, carry out the hash value that Hash calculates random number, after the hash value of random number mates with the hash value of H, the user of corresponding label is by checking; DB is by the label by verifying and C _jin usable spectrum information encryption formed after available channel information, be sent to BS _j, DB deletes the hash value mated in H, forwards step S5 to;

S5:BS _jaccording to the cognitive user allocated channel that available channel information is by checking, forward step S6 to;

S6:BS _jin DB, registration channel uses information.

2. the channel selecting method that certainly coexists mated based on Hash in cognitive radio networks as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: in step S1, the formula of CA calculating Hash matrix H is:

3. the channel selecting method that certainly coexists mated based on Hash in cognitive radio networks as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the BS in step S3 _jfor each R _secondaryall stamp re-encrypted after label, each R _secondarylabel and corresponding random number information form enciphered message, specifically comprise the following steps: BS _jselect label tag _j1stamp label to random number, enciphered message is

4. the channel selecting method that certainly coexists mated based on Hash in cognitive radio networks as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: after the hash value of the random number in step S4 mates with the hash value of H, the user of corresponding label is by checking, specifically comprise the following steps: whether the match is successful to judge the hash value of the hash value of random number and H, if so, DB is to BS _jsend the enciphered message of set of available channels wherein S _jfor C _jset of available channels in scope; Otherwise DB is to BS _jsend

5. the channel selecting method that certainly coexists mated based on Hash in cognitive radio networks as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, step S5 specifically comprises the following steps: BS _jdeciphering available channel information, checking tag _j1whether the match is successful, if so, at C _js in scope _jthe most suitable channel ch of middle selection one _j, by ch _jenciphered message after encryption is sent to SU _j, enciphered message is otherwise not allocated channel information.

6. the channel selecting method that certainly coexists mated based on Hash in cognitive radio networks as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that: the channel in step S6 uses information to be E _dB(BS _j, ch, t).

7., based on the channel selecting method that certainly coexists of Hash coupling in the cognitive radio networks as described in any one of claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that, further comprising the steps of after step S6:

S7: finish using when there is cognitive user Hash sequence, or the increase of new user, when needing again to apply for Hash sequence string to CA, CA upgrades Hash matrix and is sent to DB.