CN104475282B - 间接加热的毛细管气雾剂发生器 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种间接加热的毛细管气雾剂发生器包括毛细管和与所述毛细管热接触的热传导材料，所述毛细管适于当所述毛细管中的液体材料被加热至使其中的至少一些所述液体材料挥发时形成气雾剂。所述间接加热的毛细管气雾剂发生器在所述毛细管的长度上提供基本上均衡和均匀的加热。
Description
本申请是国际申请号为PCT/IB2007/002713、国家申请号为200780026912.4、申请日为2007年6月11日、名称为“间接加热的毛细管气雾剂发生器”的中国发明专利申请的分案申请。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种间接加热的毛细管气雾剂发生器，其包括毛细管和与毛细管热接触的热传导材料，所述毛细管适于当毛细管中的液体材料被加热至使其中的至少一些液体材料挥发时形成气雾剂。
本发明还提供了一种用于使用间接加热的毛细管气雾剂发生器来产生气雾剂的方法，该方法包括将能量供到间接加热的毛细管气雾剂发生器的热传导材料和将液体材料供到毛细管的入口。该热传导材料与间接加热的毛细管气雾剂发生器的毛细管热接触，并且毛细管适于当毛细管中的液体材料被加热至使其中的至少一些液体材料挥发时形成气雾剂。将足够的能量供到热传导材料以使热传导材料将足够的热供到毛细管中的液体材料，从而使毛细管中的液体材料挥发，被挥发的液体材料被驱出毛细管的出口并且与周围空气混合从而形成气雾剂。
本发明还提供了一种用于形成间接加热的毛细管气雾剂发生器的方法，该方法包括沿热传导材料的两个对应的半筒体(half cylinder)的中心轴线形成纵向延伸的半圆形凹槽，使得如果将两个半筒体放置在一起，它们将形成筒形壳体；和用两个半筒体封装毛细管以使热传导材料与毛细管热接触。凹槽的尺寸适于围绕毛细管紧密地配合，并且毛细管适于当毛细管中的液体材料被加热至使其中的至少一些液体材料挥发时形成气雾剂。
附图说明
图1说明了间接加热的毛细管气雾剂发生器的一个实施例。
图2说明了间接加热的毛细管气雾剂发生器的另一个实施例。
图3说明了间接加热的毛细管气雾剂发生器组件的一个实施例。
具体实施方式
在US-A-5 743 251中已经描述了毛细管气雾剂技术和毛细管气雾剂发生器，此将其全部内容并入本文以作参考。可吸入的香味气雾剂，例如可用于实现或模拟吸烟体验或其他应用的烟草香味气雾剂可由毛细管气雾剂发生器产生，所述毛细管气雾剂发生器的长度可取决于尤其是所产生的气雾剂成分的因素所要求的热需要量。与直接加热的毛细管气雾剂发生器相关联的潜在问题是毛细管内部的宽温度变化，这可能导致过热和形成不合规格的气雾剂，导致毛细管堵塞和/或毛细管气雾剂发生器的全部失效。
一个优选实施例提供了一种毛细管气雾剂发生器，其包括具有入口和出口的毛细管。热传导材料邻近毛细管设置以使热传导材料使基本上均衡且均匀地从热传导材料到毛细管的热传递最大化。热传导材料优选用电热丝缠绕并且具有与其连接的电引线。电引线连接至电源。电源根据毛细管气雾剂发生器的部件特性来选择。
在操作中，电引线将电能从电源传送到围绕热传导材料缠绕的电热丝，由此加热热传导材料。当被加热时，热传导材料将热传递到毛细管，因而基本上均衡并且均匀地将毛细管加热到足够使引入到被加热的毛细管的液体材料挥发的温度。被引入到被加热的毛细管的液体材料挥发并且被驱出毛细管出口。挥发的材料与毛细管外部的环境空气混合并且形成冷凝的气雾剂。
电热丝优选具有0.287mm(0.113英寸)的外径，22欧姆/m(6.6欧姆每英尺)的电阻，和460J·kg-1·K-1(0.110BTU/lb°F)的比热。电热丝的成分优选为71.7％铁，23％铬和5.3％铝。这样的电热丝可从Kanthal Furnace Products，Bathef，Conn获得。
毛细管优选具有在大约0.05mm到0.53mm范围内的内径，更优选在大约0.1mm到0.2mm范围内。毛细管特别优选的内径为大约0.1mm。毛细管可由金属管或非金属管构成。例如，毛细管可由不锈钢或玻璃构成。可选地，毛细管可包括例如熔融的二氧化硅或硅酸铝陶瓷，或者也可使用能够经受反复加热循环和产生的压力并且具有适当的热传导性能的其他基本非活性材料。由于热传导材料与毛细管热接触，因此可使用具有低电阻或高电阻的毛细管。如果期望或需要，毛细管的内壁可设置有涂层，所述涂层用于减小可能导致堵塞的材料附着到毛细管壁的倾向。
液体材料优选通过连接至液体材料源的毛细管入口引入毛细管。挥发的材料通过毛细管的出口被驱出毛细管，即来自液体材料源的液体背压使挥发的液体从出口喷出。液体的背压优选在大约1.4×105帕到大约2×105帕(大约20和30英镑每平方英寸)之间。
直接经过传导性毛细管的电流可提供在毛细管长度上的不均匀加热，毛细管内部的温度变化可以是大约50℃到100℃的数量级。作为对照，间接加热的毛细管气雾剂发生器提供在毛细管长度上的基本上均衡和均匀的加热。因为间接加热的毛细管发生器的热传导材料具有优选为至少大约毛细管质量的十倍(例如大约二十倍，大约三十倍，大约四十倍，大约五十倍，大约六十倍等)的质量，并且电热丝优选在毛细管的长度上均匀分布，因此毛细管内部的温度优选变化小于大约5℃。此外，通过以控制方式将电能提供到电热丝，可精确地保持毛细管内部的温度。
由于间接加热的毛细管气雾剂发生器沿毛细管的长度提供了基本上均衡和均匀的热分布，液体材料或挥发的液体材料可被加热到期望温度范围而不会使液体过热。过热可造成形成不合格的气雾剂和/或导致毛细管堵塞和/或毛细管气雾剂发生器的全部损坏。
在间接加热的毛细管气雾剂发生器中，热传导材料的温度被加热到并且保持在操作温度(即毛细管中的液体材料挥发的温度)，该温度可在大约250℃到400℃的范围内。在间接加热的毛细管气雾剂发生器中，毛细管中液体材料的流动已经被限制成对毛细管气雾剂发生器需要保持操作温度的能量量的影响最小。
间接加热的毛细管气雾剂发生器可通过将毛细管封装在热传导材料中来制造。热传导材料可采用两个铝半筒体的形式，在其中形成了其尺寸适用于接收毛细管的纵向延伸的半圆形凹槽。半圆形凹槽沿半筒体的中心轴线延伸，使得如果将半筒体放置在一起，则它们将形成筒壳体。优选地，凹槽尺寸适用于围绕毛细管紧密地配合。优选地，热传导材料具有类似于普通螺钉上的螺纹的带螺纹外部，以利于将端盖连接到相配合的半筒体的每一端。铝半筒体可选地被电镀。虽然电镀使电传导部件不导电，但是这不会对铝部件的热传导性产生消极影响。
优选地，使高温衬套应用于毛细管气雾剂发生器的每一端，以允许容易地添加电热丝和电引线。电热丝优选沿热传导材料的整个长度缠绕。毛细管气雾剂发生器的长度根据由液体材料成分和流速所要求的热需要量可在几毫米到几百毫米范围内(例如大约25mm到35mm)。但是，通过热传导材料，毛细管通道可以是50mm或更长并且仍提供基本上均衡和均匀的加热。
热电偶优选结合到毛细管气雾剂发生器中。热电偶的放置优选用于确保精确的温度监控。通过利用热电偶作为反馈装置，闭环温度控制***可用于控制毛细管的温度。为了完成毛细管气雾剂发生器组件，添加电和液体材料连接器。
参照图1，如上所述，间接加热的毛细管气雾剂发生器的毛细管10具有入口12和出口11。毛细管10被热传导材料13围绕。热传导材料13的温度可通过使用热电偶14来监控。热传导材料13优选用电热丝15缠绕。电引线16优选连接至电热丝。热传导材料可被绝缘套管17围绕。
参照图2，间接加热的毛细管气雾剂发生器的毛细管10优选被顶部半筒体20和底部半筒体21围绕，所述顶部半筒体20和底部半筒体21中的每一个由热传导材料构成。热传导材料的温度通过使用热电偶14来监控。热传导材料优选用电热丝15缠绕。电引线16优选连接至电热丝。间接加热的毛细管气雾剂发生器优选还包括对应于毛细管出口端的前衬套22，和对应于毛细管入口端的后衬套23。
参照图3，间接加热的毛细管气雾剂发生器组件优选包括如上参照图1和2所述的间接加热的毛细管气雾剂发生器30、面板31、电连接器32、主体托架33和液体材料连接器34。
虽然已经描述了各种实施例，但是应该理解的是，可进行对本领域技术人员来说是显而易见的改变和修改。这样的改变和修改将被认为落在所附权利要求的权限和范围内。
Claims (10)
1.一种间接加热的毛细管气雾剂发生器，包括：
毛细管，其适于当所述毛细管中的液体材料被加热至使其中的至少一些液体材料挥发时形成气雾剂；
热传导材料，其与所述毛细管热接触，所述热传导材料是铝材，所述铝材具有至少为大约毛细管质量的十倍的质量，并且所述铝材用电热丝缠绕，所述电热丝在所述毛细管的长度上均匀分布。
2.根据权利要求1所述的间接加热的毛细管气雾剂发生器，其中，所述铝材具有带螺纹的外部。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的间接加热的毛细管气雾剂发生器，其中，所述电热丝具有与其自身连接的电引线。
4.一种用于使用根据权利要求1至3中的任意一项所述的间接加热的毛细管气雾剂发生器产生气雾剂的方法，包括：
将液体材料供到毛细管的入口；和
将足够的能量供到所述毛细管，以使所述毛细管中的液体材料中的至少一些挥发，从而，挥发的液体材料被驱出所述毛细管的出口并且与空气混合而形成气雾剂；和
将足够的能量供到与所述毛细管热接触的热传导材料，所述热传导材料将足够的热供到所述毛细管中的液体材料从而使所述毛细管中的液体材料挥发，其中所述热传导材料是铝材。
5.根据权利要求4所述的方法，其中，将能量供到所述铝材包括将能量供到围绕所述铝材缠绕的电热丝。
6.根据权利要求4所述的方法，还包括用热电偶来监控所述铝材的温度。
7.根据权利要求4所述的方法，包括将电能供到所述铝材。
8.根据权利要求4所述的方法，还包括在将足够的能量供到所述铝材之后保持所述铝材的温度，以使所述热传导材料将足够的热供到毛细管中的液体材料从而使毛细管中的液体材料挥发。
9.根据权利要求4所述的方法，其中，在250℃到400℃范围中的所述毛细管中的温度提供足够的热来使所述毛细管中的液体材料挥发。
10.一种用于形成根据权利要求1至3中的任意一项所述的间接加热的毛细管气雾剂发生器的方法，包括：
提供毛细管；
沿热传导材料的两个对应的半筒体的中心轴线形成纵向延伸的半圆形凹槽，使得如果将两个半筒体放置在一起则它们形成筒形壳体，其中所述热传导材料是铝材并且所述凹槽的尺寸适于围绕所述毛细管紧密地配合；和
用所述两个半筒体封装所述毛细管，以使所述铝材与所述毛细管热接触；
其中，所述毛细管适于当所述毛细管中的液体材料被加热至使其中的至少一些所述液体材料挥发时形成气雾剂。
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| CN101489686A (zh) | 2009-07-22 |
| US20170202269A1 (en) | 2017-07-20 |
| PT2032266E (pt) | 2013-03-25 |
| US20210059311A1 (en) | 2021-03-04 |
| US20190133196A1 (en) | 2019-05-09 |
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