CN104473026A - 高血压、高血脂患者专用营养粉 - Google Patents
高血压、高血脂患者专用营养粉 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及保健食品技术领域，具体来说是一种合适高血压、高血脂患者食用的膳食营养粉，由藜麦、燕麦、荞麦、黑芝麻、葛根、何首乌提取物、薏苡仁、玉竹提取物、雪莲果提取物、石斛提取物、菊花、黄芪提取物、红曲粉和山楂肉；本发明营养早餐极易溶解、消化和吸收，对高血压、高血脂的人体有最大的生物吸收度和最大的生物利用度，为机体提供免疫活性因子和营养成分，补充高血压、高血脂人群早餐必需的碳水化合物、蛋白质、脂肪、多种维生素和矿物质，有利于改善高血压、高血脂人群的营养状况，降低高血压、高血脂症状的发生。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及保健食品技术领域，具体来说是一种合适高血压、高血脂患者食用的膳食营养粉。
背景技术
高血压是首位的心血管疾病。具有发病率高，控制低的特点。在高血压患者中，得到的有效控制的，城市仅为4％，农村为14％。这是因为高血压发生时，并不是像患者感冒那样有明显的喷嚏、鼻塞或咽喉肿痛等症状，而是在不知不觉中随着血压的平缓升高，心、脑、肾和眼等器官开始受到不同程度的损伤。
高脂血症主要是指血清总胆固醇(TC)或甘油三酯(TG)水平过高和(或)血清高密度脂蛋白～胆固醇(HDL～C)水平过低。高血脂是临床上一种常见病、多发病，可以单独发病，也可以继发合并许多疾病。并发症中最常见的有肥胖症、高血压、冠心病、脂肪肝、糖尿病和低血症等，严重威胁着人们的健康。
随着生活水平的提高和生活节奏的改变，人们饮食中脂类、醇类过多，使得人们容易得富贵的“三高症”(即高血压、高血糖和高血脂)，特别是50岁以上中老年人。高血压不仅给个人、家庭带来不幸和沉重的经济负担，而且还给国家带来沉重的医保等社会负担。由于高血压发病机制有多种因素，所以目前尚难根治但能控制。合理的饮食有利于辅助降血压。优质蛋白和低钠富钾的膳食，特膳食品可以满足高血压患者的营养需求。
血糖的升高、特别是餐后血糖直接与餐饮的质量与数量相关。因此在糖尿病综合治疗“五驾马车”(饮食疗法、运动疗法、心理疗法和教育、自我监测、药物)方案中，世界糖尿病联盟和专家共识把“饮食疗法”作为糖尿病治疗五驾马车的“驾辕之马”，被誉为“最好的疗法”。
然而，饮食疗法在现有技术中，真正符合高血压、高血糖生理病理特点的饮食配方，尤其是具有中医“药膳”特色的糖尿病特殊膳食却很稀缺。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对背景技术存在的问题，提供一种高血压、高血脂患者专用营养粉。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案是：一种高血压、高血脂患者专用营养粉，由下列重量份数的原料制备而成：藜麦30～45份、燕麦18～27份、荞麦15～27份、黑芝麻15～22份、葛根8～15份、何首乌提取物3～7份、薏苡仁4～9份、玉竹提取物3～7份、雪莲果提取物2～5份、石斛提取物3～8份、菊花3～10份、黄芪提取物4～9份、红曲粉3～8份和山楂肉4～10份。
进一步的，由下列重量份数的原料制备而成：藜麦32～40份、燕麦20～25份、荞麦17～24份、黑芝麻17～20份、葛根10～14份、何首乌提取物4～6份、薏苡仁4～7份、玉竹提取物3～7份、雪莲果提取物2～5份、石斛提取物3～8份、菊花3～7份、黄芪提取物4～7份、红曲粉3～5份和山楂肉4～7份。
进一步的，由下列重量份数的原料制备而成：藜麦35份、燕麦23份、荞麦20份、黑芝麻18份、葛根12份、何首乌提取物5份、薏苡仁6份、玉竹提取物5份、雪莲果提取物4份、石斛提取物6份、菊花5份、黄芪提取物6份、红曲粉5份和山楂肉4份。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种高血压、高血脂患者专用营养粉的制备方法，步骤包括：
(1)按下述重量份称取各原料：藜麦30～45份、燕麦18～27份、荞麦15～27份、黑芝麻15～22份、葛根8～15份、何首乌提取物3～7份、薏苡仁4～9份、玉竹提取物3～7份、雪莲果提取物2～5份、石斛提取物3～8份、菊花3～10份、黄芪提取物4～9份、红曲粉3～8份和山楂肉4～10份；
(2)将藜麦30～45份、燕麦18～27份、荞麦15～27份、黑芝麻15～22份、葛根8～15份、薏苡仁4～9份、菊花3～10份、红曲粉3～8份和山楂肉4～10份分别粉碎成80～100目粉状，按照比例混合均匀；
(3)然后将何首乌提取物3～7份、玉竹提取物3～7份、雪莲果提取物2～5份、石斛提取物3～8份和黄芪提取物4～9份分别切片，用1～6倍的水，在40～70℃下恒温加热1～3h，过滤得提取液，合并提取液，经喷雾干燥得到水分含量≤5.0％的提取物，然后粉碎备用；
(4)将步骤(2)中粉状物和步骤(3)中提取物混合均匀，采用超微粉碎设备加工成260～320目粉状，用40～45度烘烤制成。
进一步的，所述营养粉制成丸剂或粉状直接用开水冲服。
本发明各原料功能和作用。
藜麦：是可溶性及不可溶纤维素的优良来源，两种纤维素对调节血糖水平，降低胆固醇和保护心脏都有非常重要的作用，还具有减肥、促进肠道蠕动、利于粪便排出预防肠癌发生等功能。
燕麦：燕麦，含粗蛋白、淀粉、脂肪以及磷、铁、钙等元素，水溶性膳食纤维分别是小麦和玉米的4.7倍和7.7倍；还含有B族维生素、尼克酸、叶酸、泛酸、维生素E等；其蛋白质的氨基酸组成比较全面，人体必须的8种氨基酸含量均居首位。经常食用能预防和治疗由高血脂引发的心脑血管疾病，明显降低心血管和肝脏中的胆固醇、甘油三酯、b～脂蛋白。对于因肝、肾病变、糖尿病、脂肪肝等引起的继发性高脂血症也有同样明显的疗效，长期食用有利于糖尿病和肥胖病的控制。
荞麦：荞麦，富含淀粉、蛋白质、脂肪、纤维素，营养效价指标80～92，荞麦粉含18种氨基酸；脂肪以油酸和亚油酸含量最多，占脂肪酸总量的75％。此外，还含柠檬酸、草酸和苹果酸、微量钙、磷、铁、铜、锌、硒、硼、碘、镍、钴、芦丁、类黄酮、以及叶绿素等。经常食用可有效降低人体的胆固醇，对心脑血管病起到一定的预防作用，对糖尿病患者也有非常好的降糖、减肥功效，是目前公认的糖尿病以及心脑血管病患者的优良食品。
黑芝麻：黑芝麻含有的多种人体必需氨基酸，在维生素E和维生素B1的作用参与下，能加速人体的代谢功能；黑芝麻含有的铁和维生素E是预防贫血、活化脑细胞、消除血管胆固醇的重要成分；黑芝麻含有的脂肪大多为不饱和脂肪酸，有延年益寿的作用。
葛根：清热、降火、排毒。对高血压、高血脂、高血糖有一定疗效。
何首乌：解毒，消肿，润肠通便。将血脂与抗动脉粥样硬化。
薏苡仁：具有利水渗湿、健脾除痹、清热排毒的作用。最新研究发现，薏苡仁还具有防癌抗癌的作用，其最大功效是抑制细胞的异常繁殖，通过新陈代谢来改善体质。其中所含的薏苡仁酯被认为是抗癌的有效成分，对癌细胞有阻止生长和杀伤作用。
黄芪：具有降低血液黏稠度、减少血栓形成、降低血压、保护心脏、双向调节血糖、抗自由基损伤、抗衰老、抗缺氧、抗肿瘤、增强机体免疫力作用，可用来治疗心脏病、高血压、糖尿病等症。黄芪还能扩张血管，改善皮肤血液循环和营养状况，故对慢性溃疡久不愈合者有效。
玉竹：玉竹具养阴、润燥、清热、生津、止咳等功效。用作滋补药品，主治热病伤阴、虚热燥咳、心脏病、糖尿病、等症，养阴润燥，生津止渴。用于肺胃阴伤，燥热咳嗽，咽干口渴，内热消渴。玉竹提取类黄酮物质与桑叶提取物脱氧野尻霉素结合形成一种新物质～洗胰清糖素(cics)，具有降血糖、血脂、血压等作用。
雪莲果：雪莲果具有清肝解毒，降火降血压的功效，是有效的防治面痘、暗疮，养颜美容的天然保健品。雪莲果能抗氧化，消除自由基，可减少或避免结石症的发生。
石斛：铁皮石斛对可降低链脲霉素诱发糖尿血糖值。
山楂：消积化滞、活血化瘀。扩张血管及降压、调节血脂及胆固醇。
菊花：散风清热，平肝明目，适用于高血脂症和高血压症患者。
红曲粉：具有除湿祛痰，活血化瘀，健脾消食的功效，对高脂血症有很好的疗效，众多文献中对红曲粉的辅助降血脂作用均有描述。
本发明的有益技术效果是：本发明营养早餐极易溶解、消化和吸收，对高血压、高血脂的人体有最大的生物吸收度和最大的生物利用度，为机体提供免疫活性因子和营养成分，补充高血压、高血脂人群早餐必含有的碳水化合物、蛋白质、脂肪、多种维生素和矿物质，有利于改善高血压、高血脂人群的营养状况，降低高血压、高血脂症状的发生。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
一种高血压、高血脂患者专用营养粉，由下列重量份数的原料制备而成：藜麦30份、燕麦27份、荞麦27份、黑芝麻22份、葛根8份、何首乌提取物7份、薏苡仁4份、玉竹提取物7份、雪莲果提取物2份、石斛提取物8份、菊花3份、黄芪提取物9份、红曲粉3份和山楂肉10份。
制备方法，步骤包括：
(1)按下述重量份称取各原料：藜麦30份、燕麦27份、荞麦27份、黑芝麻22份、葛根8份、何首乌提取物7份、薏苡仁4份、玉竹提取物7份、雪莲果提取物2份、石斛提取物8份、菊花3份、黄芪提取物9份、红曲粉3份和山楂肉10份；
(2)藜麦30份、燕麦27份、荞麦27份、黑芝麻22份、葛根8份、薏苡仁4份、菊花3份、红曲粉3份和山楂肉10份；分别粉碎成80～100目粉状，按照比例混合均匀；
(3)然后将何首乌提取物7份、玉竹提取物7份、雪莲果提取物2份、石斛提取物8份和黄芪提取物9份分别切片，用1倍的水，在70℃下恒温加热3h，过滤得提取液，合并提取液，经喷雾干燥得到水分含量≤5.0％的提取物，然后粉碎备用；
(4)将步骤(2)中粉状物和步骤(3)中提取物混合均匀，采用超微粉碎设备加工成260目粉状，用45度烘烤制成。
粉状直接用开水冲服。
实施例2
一种高血压、高血脂患者专用营养粉，由下列重量份数的原料制备而成：藜麦45份、燕麦18份、荞麦27份、黑芝麻15份、葛根15份、何首乌提取物3份、薏苡仁9份、玉竹提取物3份、雪莲果提取物5份、石斛提取物3份、菊花10份、黄芪提取物4份、红曲粉8份和山楂肉4份。
制备方法，步骤包括：
(1)按下述重量份称取各原料：藜麦45份、燕麦18份、荞麦27份、黑芝麻15份、葛根15份、何首乌提取物3份、薏苡仁9份、玉竹提取物3份、雪莲果提取物5份、石斛提取物3份、菊花10份、黄芪提取物4份、红曲粉8份和山楂肉4份；
(2)将藜麦45份、燕麦18份、荞麦27份、黑芝麻15份、葛根15份、薏苡仁9份、菊花10份、红曲粉8份和山楂肉4份分别粉碎成80～100目粉状，按照比例混合均匀；
(3)然后将何首乌提取物3份、玉竹提取物3份、雪莲果提取物5份、石斛提取物3份和黄芪提取物4份分别切片，用3倍的水，在65℃下恒温加热2h，过滤得提取液，合并提取液，经喷雾干燥得到水分含量≤5.0％的提取物，然后粉碎备用；
(4)将步骤(2)中粉状物和步骤(3)中提取物混合均匀，采用超微粉碎设备加工成30目粉状，用43度烘烤制成。
营养粉制成粉状直接用开水冲服。
实施例3
一种高血压、高血脂患者专用营养粉，由下列重量份数的原料制备而成：藜麦35份、燕麦23份、荞麦20份、黑芝麻18份、葛根12份、何首乌提取物5份、薏苡仁6份、玉竹提取物5份、雪莲果提取物4份、石斛提取物6份、菊花5份、黄芪提取物6份、红曲粉5份和山楂肉4份。
制备方法，步骤包括：
(1)按下述重量份称取各原料：藜麦35份、燕麦23份、荞麦20份、黑芝麻18份、葛根12份、何首乌提取物5份、薏苡仁6份、玉竹提取物5份、雪莲果提取物4份、石斛提取物6份、菊花5份、黄芪提取物6份、红曲粉5份和山楂肉4份；
(2)将藜麦35份、燕麦23份、荞麦20份、黑芝麻18份、葛根12份、薏苡仁6份、菊花5份、红曲粉5份和山楂肉4份分别粉碎成80～100目粉状，按照比例混合均匀；
(3)然后将何首乌提取物5份、玉竹提取物5份、雪莲果提取物4份、石斛提取物6份、黄芪提取物6份分别切片，用6倍的水，在70℃下恒温加热1h，过滤得提取液，合并提取液，经喷雾干燥得到水分含量≤5.0％的提取物，然后粉碎备用；
(4)将步骤(2)中粉状物和步骤(3)中提取物混合均匀，采用超微粉碎设备加工成320目粉状，用45度烘烤制成。
营养粉制成丸剂。
实施例4
一种高血压、高血脂患者专用营养粉，由下列重量份数的原料制备而成：藜麦32份、燕麦25份、荞麦17份、黑芝麻20份、葛根10份、何首乌提取物6份、薏苡仁4份、玉竹提取物7份、雪莲果提取物2份、石斛提取物8份、菊花3份、黄芪提取物7份、红曲粉3份和山楂肉7份。
制备方法同实施例3。
实施例5
一种高血压、高血脂患者专用营养粉，由下列重量份数的原料制备而成：藜麦40份、燕麦20份、荞麦24份、黑芝麻17份、葛根14份、何首乌提取物4份、薏苡仁7份、玉竹提取物3份、雪莲果提取物5份、石斛提取物3份、菊花7份、黄芪提取物4份、红曲粉5份和山楂肉4份。
制备方法同实施例2。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (5)
1.高血压、高血脂患者专用营养粉，其特征在于，由下列重量份数的原料制备而成：藜麦30～45份、燕麦18～27份、荞麦15～27份、黑芝麻15～22份、葛根8～15份、何首乌提取物3～7份、薏苡仁4～9份、玉竹提取物3～7份、雪莲果提取物2～5份、石斛提取物3～8份、菊花3～10份、黄芪提取物4～9份、红曲粉3～8份和山楂肉4～10份。
2.根据权利要求1所述高血压、高血脂患者专用营养粉，其特征在于，由下列重量份数的原料制备而成：藜麦32～40份、燕麦20～25份、荞麦17～24份、黑芝麻17～20份、葛根10～14份、何首乌提取物4～6份、薏苡仁4～7份、玉竹提取物3～7份、雪莲果提取物2～5份、石斛提取物3～8份、菊花3～7份、黄芪提取物4～7份、红曲粉3～5份和山楂肉4～7份。
3.根据权利要求2所述高血压、高血脂患者专用营养粉，其特征在于，由下列重量份数的原料制备而成：藜麦35份、燕麦23份、荞麦20份、黑芝麻18份、葛根12份、何首乌提取物5份、薏苡仁6份、玉竹提取物5份、雪莲果提取物4份、石斛提取物6份、菊花5份、黄芪提取物6份、红曲粉5份和山楂肉4份。
4.根据权利要求1～3任一项所述高血压、高血脂患者专用营养粉的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤包括：
(1)按下述重量份称取各原料：藜麦30～45份、燕麦18～27份、荞麦15～27份、黑芝麻15～22份、葛根8～15份、何首乌提取物3～7份、薏苡仁4～9份、玉竹提取物3～7份、雪莲果提取物2～5份、石斛提取物3～8份、菊花3～10份、黄芪提取物4～9份、红曲粉3～8份和山楂肉4～10份；
(2)将藜麦30～45份、燕麦18～27份、荞麦15～27份、黑芝麻15～22份、葛根8～15份、薏苡仁4～9份、菊花3～10份、红曲粉3～8份和山楂肉4～10份分别粉碎成80～100目粉状，按照比例混合均匀；
(3)然后将何首乌提取物3～7份、玉竹提取物3～7份、雪莲果提取物2～5份、石斛提取物3～8份和黄芪提取物4～9份分别切片，用1～6倍的水，在40～70℃下恒温加热1～3h，过滤得提取液，合并提取液，经喷雾干燥得到水分含量≤5.0％的提取物，然后粉碎备用；
(4)将步骤(2)中粉状物和步骤(3)中提取物混合均匀，采用超微粉碎设备加工成260～320目粉状，用40～45度烘烤制成。
5.根据权利要求4所述高血压、高血脂患者专用营养粉的制备方法，其特征在于，所述营养粉制成丸剂或粉状直接用开水冲服。
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