CN104472544B - Composition for preventing and treating diseases of stem parts of tomatoes - Google Patents
Composition for preventing and treating diseases of stem parts of tomatoes Download PDFInfo
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- CN104472544B CN104472544B CN201410749985.8A CN201410749985A CN104472544B CN 104472544 B CN104472544 B CN 104472544B CN 201410749985 A CN201410749985 A CN 201410749985A CN 104472544 B CN104472544 B CN 104472544B
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of cultivation of vegetable crops, and particularly relates to a composition for preventing and treating diseases of stem parts of tomatoes. The composition contains copper hydroxide wettable powder and mud at a mass ratio of 1 to (15-35). The composition is prepared by the following steps: mixing the copper hydroxide wettable powder with the mud evenly, adding water and stirring into insecticide mud; splitting the lesion parts of the stems, and scraping off the lesion tissues; and smearing the insecticide mud on the lesion parts of the stems. The medication frequency is reduced; relatively good prevention and treatment effects on the infected plant can be achieved by one medication; and the insecticide amount is reduced. Smearing medication is carried out by preparing the insecticide mud, so that the types of medication and the medication amount are greatly reduced; the medication amount is only 20%-30% of that of a traditional method, so that the working efficiency can be obviously improved; the production cost is reduced; time and labor are saved; meanwhile, the pollution to the crops and the environment are reduced; pesticide residues sprayed on the fruits are greatly reduced; the disease resistance on the pesticide is effectively delayed; the diseases of the stems can be effectively prevented; and large-area prevalence of the diseases is reduced, so that high and stable yield is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the cultivation field of vegetable crop, and in particular to a kind of tomato stem disease control composition, also relate to
And the application of tomato stem disease control composition.
Background technology
A kind of cultivated area of the tomato as vegetables in the whole nation is continuously increased, the variation of its planting patterns and field
The raising of multiple crop index, causes its stem's disease species survey and area also substantially to increase, and harm is on the rise, difficulty of prevention and cure by
Step is increased, it has also become the serious hindrance of restriction tomato production.
At present, for the preventing and treating of tomato stem disease, still sprayed with conventional chemical agent based on, the method dosage compared with
Greatly, need to carry out tomato stem comprehensive spray process, but prevention effect is unsatisfactory.
The prevention effect of conventional tomato stem disease is not notable, and stem is sprayed, because stem's body surface it is smaller, medicament
Major part can not concentrate on stem, cause prevention effect poor, cause disease quickly to spread, and the normal growth for directly affecting tomato is sent out
Educate.
The preventing and treating of conventional tomato stem disease, needs are carried out continuously repeatedly spray and can be only achieved prevention effect, in actual life
Multiple Pesticides are often mixed and are improved concentration by the producer to reach radical cure purpose in product, cause the huge wave of agricultural chemicals
Take and environmental pollution, even can in itself cause serious poisoning to vegetables sometimes；And it has been significantly greatly increased the workload of the producer,
It is time-consuming.
The content of the invention
For the series of problems of above-mentioned tomato stem disease conventional control, solution dosage is big, times for spraying is more, medication
Time-consuming problem, the invention provides a kind of good tomato stem disease control composition of prevention effect.
Present invention also offers a kind of dosage is few, a drug, the tomato stem disease control of efficiency high easy to use
The application of composition.
The present invention is achieved by the following measures：
A kind of tomato stem disease control composition, containing copper hydroxide wettable powder and soil.
The mass ratio of described tomato stem disease control composition, preferred copper hydroxide wettable powder and soil is 1:
15-35。
Described tomato stem disease control composition, preferred copper hydroxide wettable powder by Kocide SD 77wt%, fill out
Material and auxiliary agent composition.The auxiliary agent is surfactant and adjuvant etc., and it is 1-10% to account for percetage by weight, and described filler is viscous
In great soil group mineral, such as bentonite, kaolin, attapulgite, diatomite, precipitated calcium carbonate and artificial synthesized carrier-white carbon
More than one.
The mass ratio of described tomato stem disease control composition, preferred copper hydroxide wettable powder and soil is 1:
20-30。
Application of the described tomato stem disease control composition in preventing and treating tomato stem disease.
Described application, comprises the following steps：
To infected plant：
（1）Copper hydroxide wettable powder and soil are mixed, adds water, stirring to become the medicine puree of scattered paste shape；
（2）Tomato stem disease early stage, with knife by the lesion portion of stem from mid-sectional, scrapes off pathological tissues, no
Damage the epidermal tissue of stem；
（3）By medicine puree uniform application at the disease position of stem, and each extension 5cm above and below happening part,
It is even to cover disease position.
To healthy plant：
（1）Copper hydroxide wettable powder and soil are mixed, adds water, stirring to become the medicine puree of scattered paste shape；
（2）By medicine puree uniform application at the easily susceptible position of stem, stem is uniformly covered.
Described application, also including step（4）Disease position to being coated with medicine puree is wrapped up with mulch film, prevents and treats medicine puree
Come off after exsiccation, the parcel time is 3～5 days.
By in tomato stem disease early period of origination, the medicine being configured to using agricultural chemicals and soil to tomato stem lesion region
Mud is smeared, and is wrapped up, and accomplishes to concentrate medication, reaches preferable prevention effect.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
（1）Tomato stem disease control times for spraying is reduced, and disease plant be can reach by a drug preferably anti-
Control effect；
（2）Dosage is reduced, and carries out smearing medication by being configured to medicine puree, and types of medicines and dosage are greatly reduced,
Dosage is only the 20～30% of conventional method；
（3）Administration time collection neutralizes the reduction of dosage, can significantly improve operating efficiency, reduces production cost, and save time province
Power；The pollution to crop and environment is reduced simultaneously, the residues of pesticides of splash on fruit are substantially reduced, and effectively delays disease to agricultural chemicals
Produce resistance；
（4）Healthy plant susceptible disease position is processed, medicament can be only carried out and be smeared, do not scraped off and wrapped up, can
Effectively the generation of prevention stem disease, reduces the pandemic of disease, so as to realize stable high yield.
Specific embodiment
In order to be better understood from the present invention, further illustrate with reference to specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1：Field test
In Weifang University of Science ＆ Technology of Shandong Province Vegetable Base, test tomato variety is Europe shellfish, purchased from U.S. Sheng Nisi（Beijing）
Seeds company, August is colonized on the 20th within 2013.
Test has set 3 process, the respectively conventional method 1 of tomato stem disease control（Referred to as " agricultural chemicals is simply sprayed "
Method）, method 2（Referred to as " pestsides synthesis are sprayed " method）, method of the present invention（Method of referred to as " cuing open the stem topical application of drug "）" cut open stem without soil
The topical application of drug " method.3 repetitions, are arranged using random district's groups, and plot area is 36m2, 106 plants are planted per cell, control measures are complete
It is identical.The plant of the infection tomato bacterial medullary necrotic disease in early stage is chosen from each process, its performance symptom
Wilt for middle part leaves water loss on plant, the minority vanelets edge chlorisis of part compound leaf, stem grows a little adventitious root, vertical profile
There is pathology in the visible marrow of sick stem, brown to pitchy.
Process 1：The susceptible tomato plant and healthy plant of early stage are chosen, conventionally 1 it is carried out respectively
Preventing and treating, step is as follows：
1）Prepare bactericide 77% copper hydroxide wettable powder, 1000 times of liquid；
2）Diseased plant and healthy plant stem are sprayed；
3）Every 7 days once, continuously prevent and treat 2～3 times；
4）Harvesting is discontinued medication for first 7 days.
Process 2：The susceptible tomato plant and healthy plant of early stage are chosen, conventionally 2 it is carried out respectively
Preventing and treating, step is as follows：
1）Prepare 77% copper hydroxide wettable powder of bactericide, 1000 times of liquid and 72.2% streptomycin sulphate wettable powder
2000 times of liquid；
2）Diseased plant and healthy plant stem are sprayed；
3）Every 7 days once, continuously prevent and treat 2～3 times；
4）Harvesting is discontinued medication for first 7 days.
Process 3：The susceptible tomato plant and healthy plant of early stage are chosen, difference is right according to the method described in the present invention
It is prevented and treated, and step is as follows respectively：
A, disease plant：
1）By the copper hydroxide wettable powder of bactericide 77% and soil in mass ratio 1:30 are mixed, and are added appropriate
Water, mixing is simultaneously constantly stirred into as scattered paste shape medicine puree；
2）The lesion portion of stem is cut open from surface with pocket knife, gently scrapes off pathological tissues；
3）Using writing brush or small brushes by medicine puree uniform application at the disease position of stem, and along the top of happening part with
Side is each to extend 5cm, is advisable with uniformly covering disease portion；
4）Disease position is wrapped up using mulch film, is prevented and treated after medicine puree is dried and is come off, parcel period needs holding 3～5
My god.
B, healthy plant
1）By the copper hydroxide wettable powder of bactericide 77% and soil in mass ratio 1:30 are mixed, and are added appropriate
Water, mixing is simultaneously constantly stirred into as scattered paste shape medicine puree；
2）It is uniformly to cover stem at the easily susceptible position of stem by medicine puree uniform application using writing brush or small brushes
Preferably；
3）Wrapped up using mulch film, prevent and treat after medicine puree is dried and come off, parcel period is needed holding 3～5 days.
Process 4：The susceptible tomato plant and healthy plant of early stage are chosen, respectively according to " cuing open the stem topical application of drug without soil " method pair
It is prevented and treated, and the bactericide for being used is 77% copper hydroxide wettable powder and water in mass ratio 1:30 are mixed, coating
Position and method are with processing 3, and the dose of 77% copper hydroxide wettable powder smeared is identical with embodiment 3.
As a result as shown in Table 1：Process 1 and process 2 and adopt traditional stem's pest control method, from early stage to fruit
Real harvesting terminates, and its dosage, spraying times and yield have no significant difference, and with the difference for processing 3 level of signifiance is reached；Process 4
Although identical with 3 dosages are processed, without being used in mixed way with soil during due to using, the significant difference of yield and process 3 is said
Bright copper hydroxide wettable powder is used in mixed way with soil, the raising of preventing and treating and yield to tomato stem disease, has synergy to make
With, and can preferably control the infection of disease according to the method for processing 3 and spread, reach the purpose of high and stable yields.
The test data summary sheet of the different disposal of table 1
Embodiment 2：Field test
In Weifang University of Science ＆ Technology of Shandong Province Vegetable Base, test tomato variety is neat Dary, and purchased from first seeds company is just being reached,
It is colonized within 2 15th, 2014.
Test has set 3 process, the respectively conventional method 1 of tomato stem disease control, method 2 and of the present invention
Method.3 repetitions, are arranged using random district's groups, and plot area is 36m2, 106 plants are planted per cell, the complete phase of control measures
Together.Choose the plant of the infection bacterial wilt of tomato in early stage simultaneously from each process, its performance symptom is mainly l ~ 2
Individual side shoot blade is wilted, and can be recovered sooner or later；There is water soaking mode streak on morbidity strain stem, sick cauline bundle is slowly changed into dark brown
Color.
Process 1：The susceptible tomato plant and healthy plant of early stage are chosen, conventionally 1 it is carried out respectively
Preventing and treating, step is as follows：
1）Prepare bactericide 77% copper hydroxide wettable powder, 1000 times of liquid；
2）Stem's spraying is carried out to diseased plant, every plant of perfusion liquid 300-500ml was filled once every 7 days, and connection is filled 5 times；
3）Stem, branch and wound to diseased plant sprays, and sprays 1 time within 7 days, continuous spray 4 times；
4）Protectiveness spraying is carried out to healthy plant, is sprayed 1 time within 7 days, continuous spray 4 times；
5）Harvesting is discontinued medication for first 3 days.
Process 2：The susceptible tomato plant and healthy plant of early stage are chosen, conventionally 2 it is carried out respectively
Preventing and treating, step is as follows：
1）Prepare 77% copper hydroxide wettable powder of bactericide, 1000 times of liquid and 14% network ammonia copper water 300 times of liquid of agent；
2）Stem's spraying is carried out to diseased plant, every plant of perfusion liquid 300-500ml was filled once every 7 days, and connection is filled 5 times；
3）Stem, branch and wound to diseased plant sprays, and sprays 1 time within 7 days, continuous spray 4 times；
4）Protectiveness spraying is carried out to healthy plant, is sprayed 1 time within 7 days, continuous spray 4 times；
5）Harvesting is discontinued medication for first 3 days.
Process 3：The susceptible tomato plant and healthy plant of early stage are chosen, difference is right according to the method described in the present invention
It is prevented and treated, and step is as follows respectively：
A1, disease plant：
1）By the copper hydroxide wettable powder of bactericide 77% and soil in mass ratio 1:20 are mixed, and are added appropriate
Water, mixing is simultaneously constantly stirred into as scattered paste shape medicine puree；
2）The lesion portion of stem is cut open from surface with pocket knife, gently scrapes off pathological tissues；
3）Using writing brush or small brushes by medicine puree uniform application at the disease position of stem, and along the top of happening part with
Side is each to extend 5cm, is advisable with uniformly covering disease portion；
4）Disease position is wrapped up using mulch film, is prevented and treated after medicine puree is dried and is come off, parcel period needs holding 3～5
My god.
A2：Disease plant：
1）By the copper hydroxide wettable powder of bactericide 77% and soil in mass ratio 1:15 are mixed, and are added appropriate
Water, mixing is simultaneously constantly stirred into as scattered paste shape medicine puree；
2）The lesion portion of stem is cut open from surface with pocket knife, gently scrapes off pathological tissues；
3）Using writing brush or small brushes by medicine puree uniform application at the disease position of stem, and along the top of happening part with
Side is each to extend 5cm, is advisable with uniformly covering disease portion；
4）Disease position is wrapped up using mulch film, is prevented and treated after medicine puree is dried and is come off, parcel period needs holding 3～5
My god.
A3：Disease plant：
1）By the copper hydroxide wettable powder of bactericide 77% and soil in mass ratio 1:25 are mixed, and are added appropriate
Water, mixing is simultaneously constantly stirred into as scattered paste shape medicine puree；
2）The lesion portion of stem is cut open from surface with pocket knife, gently scrapes off pathological tissues；
3）Using writing brush or small brushes by medicine puree uniform application at the disease position of stem, and along the top of happening part with
Side is each to extend 5cm, is advisable with uniformly covering disease portion；
4）Disease position is wrapped up using mulch film, is prevented and treated after medicine puree is dried and is come off, parcel period needs holding 3～5
My god.
B, healthy plant
1）By the copper hydroxide wettable powder of bactericide 77% and soil in mass ratio 1:20 are mixed, and are added appropriate
Water, mixing is simultaneously constantly stirred into as scattered paste shape medicine puree；
2）It is uniformly to cover stem at the easily susceptible position of stem by medicine puree uniform application using writing brush or small brushes
Preferably；
3）Wrapped up using mulch film, prevent and treat after medicine puree is dried and come off, parcel period is needed holding 3～5 days.
The test data summary sheet of the different disposal of table 2
As a result as shown in Table 1：Process 1 and process 2 and adopt traditional stem's pest control method, from early stage to fruit
Real harvesting terminates, and its dosage, spraying times and yield have no significant difference, but reach the level of signifiance with the difference for processing 3A1；And
And the method according to process 3 can preferably control the infection of disease and spread, and reach the purpose of high and stable yields.Process 3A2, process
Compared with 3A1 is processed, yield will decline 3A3, show in 77% copper hydroxide wettable powder and soil 1:20-30 this
In individual ratio range, synergistic effect is best.
Above-described embodiment is not limited for the present invention preferably embodiment, but embodiments of the present invention by embodiment
System, other any Spirit Essences and the changes, modification made under principle without departing from the present invention, combines, substitutes, simplifying and should be
Equivalence replacement mode, is included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. application of a kind of tomato stem disease control composition in preventing and treating tomato stem disease, it is characterised in that including following
Step：
To infected plant：
（1）Copper hydroxide wettable powder and soil are mixed, adds water, stirring to become the medicine puree of scattered paste shape；
（2）Tomato stem disease early stage, with knife by the lesion portion of stem from mid-sectional, scrapes off pathological tissues, does not damage
The epidermal tissue of stem；
（3）By medicine puree uniform application at the disease position of stem, and each extension 5cm, uniform lid above and below happening part
Firmly disease position；
（4）Position to being coated with medicine puree is wrapped up with mulch film, prevents medicine puree from coming off after being dried, and the parcel time is 3～5 days；
To healthy plant：
（1）Copper hydroxide wettable powder and soil are mixed, adds water, stirring to become the medicine puree of scattered paste shape；
（2）By medicine puree uniform application at the easily susceptible position of stem, stem is uniformly covered；
（3）Position to being coated with medicine puree is wrapped up with mulch film, prevents medicine puree from coming off after being dried, and the parcel time is 3～5 days；
The mass ratio of copper hydroxide wettable powder and soil is 1:20-30.
2. application according to claim 1, it is characterised in that copper hydroxide wettable powder by Kocide SD 77wt%, fill out
Material and auxiliary agent composition.
3. application according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described filler is clay minerals, the auxiliary agent is surface work
Property agent and adjuvant.
4. application according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the auxiliary agent percetage by weight be 1-10%, the clay class
Mineral are one or more of bentonite, kaolin, attapulgite, diatomite, precipitated calcium carbonate and white carbon.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105993728A (en) * | 2016-05-23 | 2016-10-12 | 武汉市农业科学技术研究院蔬菜科学研究所 | Vegetable stem pesticide wrapping-type application method |
| CN113575234A (en) * | 2021-08-07 | 2021-11-02 | 陕西秦城园林建设有限公司 | Method for preventing and controlling diseases, pests and bacteria of landscape trees |
| CN115039616A (en) * | 2022-07-19 | 2022-09-13 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | Insect-proof maintenance method for populus euphratica |
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