CN104430071A - Freshwater crayfish rice field ecological breeding mode - Google Patents
Freshwater crayfish rice field ecological breeding mode Download PDFInfo
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- CN104430071A CN104430071A CN201410578066.9A CN201410578066A CN104430071A CN 104430071 A CN104430071 A CN 104430071A CN 201410578066 A CN201410578066 A CN 201410578066A CN 104430071 A CN104430071 A CN 104430071A
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- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 241000238017 Astacoidea Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title abstract 8
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 title abstract 8
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 title 1
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 claims description 13
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 10
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002990 reinforced plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 244000105624 Arachis hypogaea Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 241001113556 Elodea Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000237502 Ostreidae Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000082204 Phyllostachys viridis Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 241001123263 Zostera Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006806 disease prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000004185 liver Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000020636 oyster Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000243 photosynthetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009333 weeding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000001131 transforming effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000013370 mutualism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238030 Procambarus clarkii Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a freshwater crayfish rice field ecological breeding mode. The freshwater crayfish rice field ecological breeding mode comprises the following steps of selecting and transforming a rice field, conducting breeding early-stage preparation, putting young freshwater crayfish into water, planting rice and managing breeding. According to the freshwater crayfish rice field ecological breeding mode, a method is simple, cost is low, crayfish breeding and rice planting can be organically combined due to the fact that the rice field ecological breeding mode is adopted, crayfish and rice benefit each other and interdependent, the productivity of a farmland is brought into full play, and the economic benefit of farmland operation is increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to cultural technique field, particularly relate to a kind of freshwater crayfish rice field ecology aquaculture model.
Background technology
Freshwater crayfish, formal name used at school Procambius clarkii (Procambarusclarkii) is a kind of shrimps having much economic worth.In rice field, cultivate cray, be that plant husbandry and aquaculture are combined, and makes full use of the artificial ecosystem built, make cray and paddy rice mutualism.Cray can remove weeds in rice field, insect, and its excreta and residual bait can utilize for paddy growth simultaneously; And paddy rice can provide abundant natural bait and good habitat for cray, the two mutual reciprocity and mutual benefit.
Summary of the invention
It is simple, with low cost that technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of method, can give full play to the productivity in farmland, improves the freshwater crayfish rice field ecology aquaculture model of the economic benefit that farmland is managed.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above is as follows: a kind of freshwater crayfish rice field ecology aquaculture model, comprises the steps: that rice field is selected and transformation; Cultivation early-stage preparations; Freshwater crayfish seed is thrown in; Rice Cropping; Feeding and management.
On the basis of technique scheme, the present invention can also do following improvement.
Further, described rice field is selected with the technical essential of transformation as follows:
It is convenient that rice field requires into draining, and do not affect by drought, big flood, have abundant water resources, water quality is pure and fresh pollution-free, and physical and chemical index meets water quality standard for fishery, and fertile soil, water retention property are good, sunny, and area is at 0.4hm
2above;
Build the main ridge in rice field surrounding, require more than top width 2m, high 1.0 ~ 1.5m, slope is than being l:2 ~ 1:3, and the rice field that area is larger, is divided into 0.25hm
2following little field, in the middle of field, build the ridge, ridge of building only is connected with the main ridge one end, locates at below 1m inside the main ridge and ridge simultaneously, and dig the annular shrimp ditch of a wide 4 ~ 7m, dark 1.2m along the ridge, shrimp ditch has certain inclination from water inlet to water side;
Improved rice field, the area ratio of ridge, shrimp ditch, paddy fields is generally 1:2:7, enters discharge outlet and is arranged in rice field relative on the main ridge of two jiaos, if block shrimp net.
Further, the technical essential of described cultivation early-stage preparations is as follows:
Inside the main ridge, dig the ditch of dark a below 20cm apart from 0.5m place, ridge inclined-plane, then one end of reinforced plastics film is buried in people's ditch, compacting tight by soil pressure, with bamboo paper tinsel or small wooden reinforced plastics film normal supported and fix, guaranteeing that plastic film exceeds face, the ridge 40 ~ 50cm;
During sterilization, stay below water 0.2m in shrimp ditch, carry out disinfection with quicklime;
Every mu of pig manure, chicken manure organic fertilizer 400kg used through fully fermenting;
In shrimp ditch, plant pasture and water, waterweed, eel grass and water peanut plant, pasture and water planted area will account for more than 1/3 of total water surface, early spring, throws in 50kg spiral shell for every mu.
Further, the technical essential of described freshwater crayfish seed input is as follows:
Seed size, at 140 tails/kg, throws in about 45kg for every mu, and the release time is arranged in annual mid-March to mid-April, or early November is to mid-December.
Further, the technical essential of described Rice Cropping is as follows:
Shrimp Tanaka should longer, the hard non-lodging of stem of growth selection phase, resistance to fertilizer, premunition is strong, output is high rice varieties;
Adopt large-ridge double-row cultivating technology, i.e. every 2 behavior l groups, in group, line-spacing is 20cm, and group spacing is 40cm, transplants seedlings the time generally in late June.
Further, the technical essential of described feeding and management is as follows:
The cray manufactured feed of high-quality of throwing something and feeding, it is 2 ~ 6% of shrimp gross weight that day throws the amount of raising, the early spring, low temperature season in late autumn 17:00 every afternoon throw something and feed once, and summer high-temperature every day in season 8:00,17:00 respectively throw something and feed once, and feeding volume is respectively 30 ~ 70% of the day throwing amount of raising;
Refresh the water periodically according to weather and water quality situation, change water 1/5, high temperature season at every turn, every 15 ~ 20d, every mu of use 3 ~ 7 oyster quicklime water is splashed, when water body is thin, use the muck rich water through fermentation, by EM bacterium, photosynthetic bacteria biologic product improvement water quality during water quality overfertilization;
In feed, add three blooms, high temperature season adds liver and gall Li Kang and to fall apart Chinese herbal and crude drugs preparations in feed;
Can mend according to the growing way of paddy rice in good time and execute short dung, and timing weeding, disease prevention.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: method is simple, with low cost, adopt cray rice field ecology aquaculture model, cray cultivation can be combined with Rice Cropping, make the two mutualism, give full play to the productivity in farmland, improve the economic benefit that farmland is managed.
Embodiment
Be described principle of the present invention and feature below in conjunction with example, example, only for explaining the present invention, is not intended to limit scope of the present invention.
A kind of freshwater crayfish rice field ecology aquaculture model, comprises the steps: that rice field is selected and transformation; Cultivation early-stage preparations; Freshwater crayfish seed is thrown in; Rice Cropping; Feeding and management.
It is convenient that rice field requires into draining, and do not affect by drought, big flood, have abundant water resources, water quality is pure and fresh pollution-free, and physical and chemical index meets water quality standard for fishery, and fertile soil, water retention property are good, sunny, and area is at 0.4hm
2above; Build the main ridge in rice field surrounding, require more than top width 2m, high 1.0 ~ 1.5m, slope is than being l:2 ~ 1:3, and the rice field that area is larger, is divided into 0.25hm
2following little field, in the middle of field, build the ridge, ridge of building only is connected with the main ridge one end, locates at below 1m inside the main ridge and ridge simultaneously, and dig the annular shrimp ditch of a wide 4 ~ 7m, dark 1.2m along the ridge, shrimp ditch has certain inclination from water inlet to water side; Improved rice field, the area ratio of ridge, shrimp ditch, paddy fields is generally 1:2:7, enters discharge outlet and is arranged in rice field relative on the main ridge of two jiaos, if block shrimp net.
Inside the main ridge, dig the ditch of dark a below 20cm apart from 0.5m place, ridge inclined-plane, then one end of reinforced plastics film is buried in people's ditch, compacting tight by soil pressure, with bamboo paper tinsel or small wooden reinforced plastics film normal supported and fix, guaranteeing that plastic film exceeds face, the ridge 40 ~ 50cm; During sterilization, stay below water 0.2m in shrimp ditch, carry out disinfection with quicklime; Every mu of pig manure, chicken manure organic fertilizer 400kg used through fully fermenting; In shrimp ditch, plant pasture and water, waterweed, eel grass and water peanut plant, pasture and water planted area will account for more than 1/3 of total water surface, early spring, throws in 50kg spiral shell for every mu.
Seed size, at 140 tails/kg, throws in about 45kg for every mu, and the release time is arranged in annual mid-March to mid-April, or early November is to mid-December; Shrimp Tanaka should longer, the hard non-lodging of stem of growth selection phase, resistance to fertilizer, premunition is strong, output is high rice varieties; Adopt large-ridge double-row cultivating technology, i.e. every 2 behavior l groups, in group, line-spacing is 20cm, and group spacing is 40cm, transplants seedlings the time generally in late June.
The cray manufactured feed of high-quality of throwing something and feeding, it is 2 ~ 6% of shrimp gross weight that day throws the amount of raising, the early spring, low temperature season in late autumn 17:00 every afternoon throw something and feed once, and summer high-temperature every day in season 8:00,17:00 respectively throw something and feed once, and feeding volume is respectively 30 ~ 70% of the day throwing amount of raising; Refresh the water periodically according to weather and water quality situation, change water 1/5, high temperature season at every turn, every 15 ~ 20d, every mu of use 3 ~ 7 oyster quicklime water is splashed, when water body is thin, use the muck rich water through fermentation, by EM bacterium, photosynthetic bacteria biologic product improvement water quality during water quality overfertilization; In feed, add three blooms, high temperature season adds liver and gall Li Kang and to fall apart Chinese herbal and crude drugs preparations in feed; Can mend according to the growing way of paddy rice in good time and execute short dung, and timing weeding, disease prevention.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a freshwater crayfish rice field ecology aquaculture model, is characterized in that, comprises the steps: that rice field is selected and transformation; Cultivation early-stage preparations; Freshwater crayfish seed is thrown in; Rice Cropping; Feeding and management.
2. a kind of freshwater crayfish rice field ecology aquaculture model according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described rice field is selected with the technical essential of transformation as follows:
It is convenient that rice field requires into draining, and do not affect by drought, big flood, have abundant water resources, water quality is pure and fresh pollution-free, and physical and chemical index meets water quality standard for fishery, and fertile soil, water retention property are good, sunny, and area is at 0.4 hm
2above;
Build the main ridge in rice field surrounding, require top width 2 more than m, high 1.0 ~ 1.5 m, slope is than being l:2 ~ 1:3, and the rice field that area is larger, is divided into 0.25hm
2following little field, in the middle of field, build the ridge, ridge of building only is connected with the main ridge one end, locates at below 1m inside the main ridge and ridge simultaneously, and dig the annular shrimp ditch of wide 4 ~ 7 m, dark 1.2m along the ridge, shrimp ditch has certain inclination from water inlet to water side;
Improved rice field, the area ratio of ridge, shrimp ditch, paddy fields is generally 1:2:7, enters discharge outlet and is arranged in rice field relative on the main ridge of two jiaos, if block shrimp net.
3. a kind of freshwater crayfish rice field ecology aquaculture model according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the technical essential of described cultivation early-stage preparations is as follows:
Inside the main ridge, dig the ditch of dark a below 20cm apart from 0.5m place, ridge inclined-plane, then one end of reinforced plastics film is buried in people's ditch, compacting tight by soil pressure, with bamboo paper tinsel or small wooden reinforced plastics film normal supported and fix, guaranteeing that plastic film exceeds face, the ridge 40 ~ 50cm;
During sterilization, stay below water 0.2m in shrimp ditch, carry out disinfection with quicklime;
Every mu of pig manure, chicken manure organic fertilizer 400kg used through fully fermenting;
In shrimp ditch, plant pasture and water, waterweed, eel grass and water peanut plant, pasture and water planted area will account for more than 1/3 of total water surface, early spring, throws in 50kg spiral shell for every mu.
4. a kind of freshwater crayfish rice field ecology aquaculture model according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the technical essential that described freshwater crayfish seed is thrown in is as follows:
Seed size is at 140 tails/kg, and throw in about 45 kg for every mu, the release time is arranged in annual mid-March to mid-April, or early November is to mid-December.
5. a kind of freshwater crayfish rice field ecology aquaculture model according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the technical essential of described Rice Cropping is as follows:
Shrimp Tanaka should longer, the hard non-lodging of stem of growth selection phase, resistance to fertilizer, premunition is strong, output is high rice varieties;
Adopt large-ridge double-row cultivating technology, i.e. every 2 behavior l groups, in group, line-spacing is 20cm, and group spacing is 40cm, transplants seedlings the time generally in late June.
6. a kind of freshwater crayfish rice field ecology aquaculture model according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the technical essential of described feeding and management is as follows:
The cray manufactured feed of high-quality of throwing something and feeding, it is 2 ~ 6% of shrimp gross weight that day throws the amount of raising, the early spring, low temperature season in late autumn 17:00 every afternoon throw something and feed once, and summer high-temperature every day in season 8:00,17:00 respectively throw something and feed once, and feeding volume is respectively 30 ~ 70% of the day throwing amount of raising;
Refresh the water periodically according to weather and water quality situation, change water 1/5, high temperature season at every turn, every 15 ~ 20 d, every mu of use 3 ~ 7 oyster quicklime water is splashed, when water body is thin, use the muck rich water through fermentation, by EM bacterium, photosynthetic bacteria biologic product improvement water quality during water quality overfertilization;
In feed, add three blooms, high temperature season adds liver and gall Li Kang and to fall apart Chinese herbal and crude drugs preparations in feed;
Can mend according to the growing way of paddy rice in good time and execute short dung, and timing weeding, disease prevention.
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Cited By (26)
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CN104969891A (en) * | 2015-07-19 | 2015-10-14 | 华中农业大学 | Breeding method of one-year double-cropping seedlings in rice field of procambarus clarkii |
CN105009892A (en) * | 2015-07-09 | 2015-11-04 | 陈小昌 | Wild rice shoot and freshwater crayfish joint ecological culture method |
CN105028073A (en) * | 2015-07-03 | 2015-11-11 | 江苏田娘农业科技有限公司 | Planting-breeding-combining ecological and low-carbon circular agriculture mode |
CN105432529A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-03-30 | 苏州市阳澄湖现代农业产业园特种水产养殖有限公司 | Aquaculture technique for fresh water lobsters |
CN105830834A (en) * | 2016-04-05 | 2016-08-10 | 湖北省潜江市华山水产食品有限公司 | Novel crayfish and rice rotation breeding and planting method |
CN106386604A (en) * | 2016-09-06 | 2017-02-15 | 六安市裕安区康之源芡实种植专业合作社 | Special aquaculture method for ecological freshwater shrimps |
CN106577067A (en) * | 2016-11-09 | 2017-04-26 | 荆门市东宝区子陵铺镇水产技术服务中心 | Rice-shrimp culture ecological circulating planting and breeding method |
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CN106797853A (en) * | 2016-12-14 | 2017-06-06 | 长江大学 | A kind of method of mountain area paddy field aquaculture cray |
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Cited By (27)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105028073A (en) * | 2015-07-03 | 2015-11-11 | 江苏田娘农业科技有限公司 | Planting-breeding-combining ecological and low-carbon circular agriculture mode |
CN105009892A (en) * | 2015-07-09 | 2015-11-04 | 陈小昌 | Wild rice shoot and freshwater crayfish joint ecological culture method |
CN104969891A (en) * | 2015-07-19 | 2015-10-14 | 华中农业大学 | Breeding method of one-year double-cropping seedlings in rice field of procambarus clarkii |
CN105432529A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-03-30 | 苏州市阳澄湖现代农业产业园特种水产养殖有限公司 | Aquaculture technique for fresh water lobsters |
CN105830834A (en) * | 2016-04-05 | 2016-08-10 | 湖北省潜江市华山水产食品有限公司 | Novel crayfish and rice rotation breeding and planting method |
CN106386604A (en) * | 2016-09-06 | 2017-02-15 | 六安市裕安区康之源芡实种植专业合作社 | Special aquaculture method for ecological freshwater shrimps |
CN106577067A (en) * | 2016-11-09 | 2017-04-26 | 荆门市东宝区子陵铺镇水产技术服务中心 | Rice-shrimp culture ecological circulating planting and breeding method |
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