CN104429634A - Fruit tree three-bud grafting method - Google Patents
Fruit tree three-bud grafting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104429634A CN104429634A CN201410640112.3A CN201410640112A CN104429634A CN 104429634 A CN104429634 A CN 104429634A CN 201410640112 A CN201410640112 A CN 201410640112A CN 104429634 A CN104429634 A CN 104429634A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of fruit tree grafting and seedling cultivation and discloses a fruit tree three-bud grafting method. According to the method, three buds are grafted at three different heights in three different directions sequentially on a stock. The method includes the following steps of stock selection and treatment, scion acquisition, grafting period selection, grafting, bud insertion and binding, unbinding and bud removal, and pinching and shoot removal. Compared with a traditional single-bud grafting method, the fruit tree three-bud grafting method has the advantages that a crown which is put into production is formed one to two years earlier, seedling quality is improved, and the early yield can be increased.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to fruit-tree grafting seedling growing process field, relate to a kind of fruit tree one anvil specifically and connect three bud graftings.
Background technology
Grafting is a kind of method that fruit tree vegetative propagation is commonly used, general grafting is from grafting to going out garden, the time of 3-4 is needed to planting the shaping of rear treelet, the cultivation time is long, the shaping of treelet managerial demand is put the tip and is stayed the tip, also spend many costs of labor, timing is bad also can miss shaping period, is unfavorable for the cultivation that tree crown is tree-like and result ahead of time.And citrus fruit tree, owing to being easily subject to the harm of Citrus Huanglongbing pathogen, the tree body high yield time limit and life-span shorten greatly.
Conventional fruit-tree grafting method is that an anvil connects a bud, Deng this bud grow first time the tip aging after, pinch and surely do, the second time tip is selected and remain the 2-3 bar tip of different directions again, cultivate successively, from grafting, minimum needs just form the tree-like of basic 3 × 3 tips for 3 years, and go out garden long with beginning production time, early yield is lower.
The present invention adopts an anvil three bud grafting, disposable formation is substantially tree-like, cultivate 1 tip again, the result that can form basic 3 × 3 grades of branch is tree-like, 1-2 is shortened than the curring time of a traditional anvil one bud grafting, improve seedling quality, form operation tree crown 1-2 ahead of time, significantly improve early yield.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a planting fruit-trees three bud grafting, disposable formation is tree-like, then cultivates 1 tip, basic 3 × 3 grades of branch can be formed, do sth. in advance 1-2 than a traditional anvil one bud grafting and form operation tree crown, improve seedling quality, and can early yield be significantly improved.
Technical scheme provided by the present invention is as follows:
One planting fruit-trees three bud grafting, namely on a strain stock, successively at 3 differing heights and different directions grafting 3 buds, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) Root-stock selection and process: select the stock that grows directly from seeds that 1-2 is raw, healthy and strong, diameter is 0.5-2.0cm, selects in predetermined altitude the one side that stock is level and smooth during grafting, is slightly with xylem to make a vertical incision downwards, about long 2-3cm with grafting knife;
(2) scion collection: select fruit quality excellent, high yield, robust growth, without damage by disease and insect and the pure bearing tree of kind for adopting fringe female parent, the spring tip that eye is full the clip growth of tree crown peripheral middle and upper part is substantial or autumn growth, blade is wiped out at once after adopting, only stay petiole, with clear water rinsing after 1000ppm quadracycline leaching 2h.Then with wet cloth or plastic film, scion is wrapped, or be put in 6 DEG C of Refrigerator stores, for subsequent use;
(3) select grafting time: generally carry out at Growing season, when young sprout stops long, scion sprout has been enriched full, and stock resin not yet stops flowing, carries out when cortex is easily peeled off;
(4) grafting: respectively at homophyletic stock distance 15cm/22cm/29cm place, ground, and be in different directions, employing side grafting is led to head-germ scion and is cut method, every grafting in 7 days 1 bud, 3 buds of the same scion variety of grafting from lower to upper successively;
(5) bud and bondage is inserted: the scion of having cut is led to head-germ and insert in stock otch, anvil, fringe form layer and need to aim at, then wrap up from the bottom up with plastic film tape, scion all can be wrapped up or exposed by bud during wrapping, other otch will wrap in film entirely;
(6) solution is tied up: after 3 are buddered and survive sprouting, and from the bud that distance ground is nearest, solution is tied up, and tie up 1 at interval of 7-10 days solutions, solution is tied up successively from the bottom up;
(7) except sprouting, pinching and put the tip: in the tender tip of scion Tip density bar of selecting and remain, 1 healthy and strong tender tip is major branch, remove the rudiment on all the other tender tips and stock, when the 1st tip grows into 25 ~ 30cm, pinching, when pumping the 2nd tip, the tree crown of 3 × 3 grades of branches can be cultivated.
Wherein, in step (4), method is cut in logical head-germ scion: be that one side more smooth for scion is close to left index finger, miter angle is sentenced toward branch base portion 1.0-1.5cm from the wide plane in tool corner angle one direction is cut at selected eye, form a short bevel, overturn branch again, the long bevel that a plane leads directly to base portion is cut in direction toward short tangent plane from the other end of tangent plane short below eye, require that the cortex under cutting is not with xylem or is slightly with xylem, then above the eye of long bevel, splay 1 cutter in 0.5-1.0cm place, in the container allowing the scion under cutting fall into fill clean clear water, for subsequent use.
Wherein, solution is tied up in step (6), be from the nearest bud in distance ground successively up solution tie up.
beneficial effect of the present invention
This method is done sth. in advance 1-2 than traditional simple bud grafting and is formed operation tree crown, improves seedling quality, and can improve early yield.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
embodiment 1: Pon mandarin orange one anvil connects three buds
1) experimental procedure:
Select fruit quality excellent, high yield, robust growth, without damage by disease and insect and the pure Pon mandarin orange bearing tree of kind for adopting fringe stock tree, enrich and the full spring tip of eye or autumn growth in the clip growth of tree crown peripheral middle and upper part, blade is wiped out at once after adopting, only stay petiole, with clear water rinsing after 1000ppm quadracycline leaching 2h.If can not at once grafting, then scion be wrapped by the wet cloth of application or plastic film.
Select that 1-2 is raw, healthy and strong, diameter about 1cm Fructus Aurantii grows directly from seeds stock, select in predetermined altitude the one side that stock is level and smooth during grafting, be slightly with xylem to make a vertical incision downwards with grafting knife, about long 2-3cm.
Grafting period: the 9-10 month in 1996 carries out.
Grafting method: respectively at same strain Fructus Aurantii stock distance 15cm/22cm/29cm place, ground, and in different directions, the method for head-germ is led in employing side grafting, 3 buds of interval 7 days grafting Pon mandarin orange scion from lower to upper successively.
The logical head-germ scion method of cutting is: one side more smooth for scion is close to left index finger, to be about 1.2cm toward branch base portion at selected eye and to sentence miter angle from the wide plane in tool corner angle one direction is cut, form a short bevel, overturn branch again, the long bevel that a plane leads directly to base portion is cut in the direction toward short tangent plane from (other end of short tangent plane) below eye.Require that the cortex under cutting is not with xylem or is slightly with xylem, long bevel is formation layer, in yellow-white.Then above the eye of long bevel, splay a cutter in about 0.5cm place.In the container allowing the scion under cutting fall into fill clean clear water, for subsequent use.
The scion of having cut being led to head-germ inserts in stock otch, and anvil, fringe form layer and aim at, and then wrap up from the bottom up with plastic film tape, scion all can be wrapped up or exposed by bud during wrapping, other otch will wrap in film entirely.
Budder after surviving sprouting, from the bud that distance ground is nearest, solution is tied up, interval 7-10 days, and up solution is tied up successively, and the bud of top is finally separated, and makes 3 bastem this while pumpings ripe.
When the tender tip of scion Tip density bar, should select and remain one and healthy and strong be trained major branch, remaining removing, the rudiment on stock, Ying Suijian is with removing.Pinching is got final product, to promote branch thickening growth and the pumping second time tip when first tip grows into 25 ~ 30cm.The tree crown of formation 3 × 1 or 3 × 3 grades of branches just can be cultivated period in nursery.
In mid-September, 1997 plants, and seeding row spacing is 2m × 2.5m, connects a bud seedling contrast with an anvil of the grafting same period.
Amount of growth after the plantation of table 1 Pon mandarin orange three bud grafting compares
2) experimental result:
As shown in Table 1, grafting plant height of 9 months after grafting is 61cm, and last tip number is 27, and contrasts plant height and last tip number is respectively 53cm and 9; After grafting grafting, the plant height of 18 months is 130cm, and last tip number is 38; And contrast plant height and last tip number is respectively 120cm and 13; After grafting grafting, 36 monthly average single plant yields are 13.8Kg, and to contrast average single plant yield be 5.6kg.
embodiment 2: golden mandarin orange one anvil connects three buds
1) experimental procedure:
Select fruit quality excellent, high yield, robust growth, without damage by disease and insect and the pure golden mandarin orange bearing tree in Yang Shuo of kind for adopting fringe stock tree, the spring tip that eye is full the clip growth of tree crown peripheral middle and upper part is substantial or autumn growth, blade is wiped out at once after adopting, only stay petiole, with clear water rinsing after 1000ppm quadracycline leaching 2h.If can not at once grafting, then scion be wrapped by the wet cloth of application or plastic film, natural storage or in 6 DEG C of Refrigerator stores.
The stock that selects that 1-2 is raw, healthy and strong, diameter about 1cm Yang Shuo gold mandarin orange is grown directly from seeds, selects in predetermined altitude the one side that stock is level and smooth during grafting, is slightly with xylem to make a vertical incision downwards, about long 2-3cm with grafting knife.
Grafting period is the 9-10 month in 2005.
To grow directly from seeds stock distance 15cm/22cm/29cm place, ground respectively at same strain Yang Shuo gold mandarin orange, and in different directions, adopt side grafting to lead to the method for head-germ, 3 buds of the golden mandarin orange scion in grafting Yang Shuo successively in 7 days of being separated by.
Logical head-germ scion cuts method concrete operations with embodiment 1.
The scion of having cut being led to head-germ inserts in stock otch, and anvil, fringe form layer and aim at, and then wrap up from the bottom up with plastic film tape, scion all can be wrapped up or exposed by bud during wrapping, other otch will wrap in film entirely.
Budder after surviving sprouting, from the bud that distance ground is nearest, solution is tied up, interval 7-10 days, and up solution is tied up successively, and the bud of top is finally separated, and makes 3 bastem this while pumpings ripe.
When the tender tip of scion Tip density bar, should select and remain one and healthy and strong be trained major branch, remaining removing, the rudiment on stock, Ying Suijian is with removing.Grow into the height of regulation at first tip after, get final product pinching, to promote branch thickening growth and the pumping second time tip.The tree crown of formation 3 × 1 or 3 × 3 grades of branches just can be cultivated period in nursery.
In mid-September, 2006 plants, and seeding row spacing is 2m × 3m, connects a bud seedling contrast with an anvil of the grafting same period.
Amount of growth after the gold mandarin orange three bud grafting plantation of table 2 Yang Shuo compares
2) result:
As shown in Table 2, grafting plant height of 9 months after grafting is 53cm, and last tip number is 27, and contrasts plant height and last tip number is respectively 48cm and 8; Grafting plant height of 18 months after grafting is 110cm, and last tip number is 35, and contrasts plant height and last tip number is respectively 110cm and 11; Grafting 36 monthly average single plant yields after grafting are 6.5kg, and contrasting average single plant yield is then 2.8kg.
The aforementioned description to concrete exemplary of the present invention is to illustrate and the object of illustration.These descriptions not want the present invention to be defined as disclosed precise forms, and obviously, according to above-mentioned instruction, can much change and change.The object selected exemplary embodiment and describe is to explain certain principles of the present invention and practical application thereof, thus those skilled in the art can be realized and utilize various different exemplary of the present invention and various different selection and change.Scope of the present invention is intended to limited by claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (3)
1. a planting fruit-trees three bud grafting, namely on a strain stock, successively at 3 differing heights and different directions grafting 3 buds, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) Root-stock selection and process: select the stock that grows directly from seeds that 1-2 is raw, healthy and strong, diameter is 0.5-2.0cm, selects in predetermined altitude the one side that stock is level and smooth during grafting, is slightly with xylem to make a vertical incision downwards, about long 2-3cm with grafting knife;
(2) scion collection: select fruit quality excellent, high yield, robust growth, without damage by disease and insect and the pure bearing tree of kind for adopting fringe female parent, the spring tip that eye is full the clip growth of tree crown peripheral middle and upper part is substantial or autumn growth, blade is wiped out at once after adopting, only stay petiole, with clear water rinsing after 1000ppm quadracycline leaching 2h.Then with wet cloth or plastic film, scion is wrapped, or be put in 6 DEG C of Refrigerator stores, for subsequent use;
(3) select grafting time: generally carry out at Growing season, when young sprout stops long, scion sprout has been enriched full, and stock resin not yet stops flowing, carries out when cortex is easily peeled off;
(4) grafting: respectively at homophyletic stock distance 15cm/22cm/29cm place, ground, and be in different directions, employing side grafting is led to head-germ scion and is cut method, every grafting in 7 days 1 bud, 3 buds of the same scion variety of grafting from lower to upper successively;
(5) bud and bondage is inserted: the scion of having cut is led to head-germ and insert in stock otch, anvil, fringe form layer and need to aim at, then wrap up from the bottom up with plastic film tape, scion all can be wrapped up or exposed by bud during wrapping, other otch will wrap in film entirely;
(6) solution is tied up: after 3 are buddered and survive sprouting, and from the bud that distance ground is nearest, solution is tied up, and tie up 1 at interval of 7-10 days solutions, solution is tied up successively from the bottom up;
(7) except sprouting, pinching and put the tip: in the tender tip of scion Tip density bar of selecting and remain, 1 healthy and strong tender tip is major branch, remove the rudiment on all the other tender tips and stock, when the 1st tip grows into 25 ~ 30cm, pinching, when pumping the 2nd tip, the tree crown of 3 × 3 grades of branches can be cultivated.
2. fruit tree three bud grafting as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step (4), method is cut in logical head-germ scion: be that one side more smooth for scion is close to left index finger, miter angle is sentenced toward branch base portion 1.0-1.5cm from the wide plane in tool corner angle one direction is cut at selected eye, form a short bevel, overturn branch again, the long bevel that a plane leads directly to base portion is cut in direction toward short tangent plane from the other end of tangent plane short below eye, require that the cortex under cutting is not with xylem or is slightly with xylem, then above the eye of long bevel, splay 1 cutter in 0.5-1.0cm place, in the container allowing the scion under cutting fall into fill clean clear water, for subsequent use.
3. fruit tree three bud grafting as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, in step (6), solution is tied up, be from the nearest bud in distance ground successively up solution tie up.
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| CN201410640112.3A CN104429634B (en) | 2014-11-13 | 2014-11-13 | One planting fruit-trees three bud grafting |
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| CN201410640112.3A CN104429634B (en) | 2014-11-13 | 2014-11-13 | One planting fruit-trees three bud grafting |
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| CN104429634B CN104429634B (en) | 2016-07-27 |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111108933A (en) * | 2019-12-09 | 2020-05-08 | 上海曹野农业发展有限公司 | Cultivation method of ornamental pumpkin complex |
| CN111386877A (en) * | 2020-04-07 | 2020-07-10 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Grafting method of Hongbaoshiqing pomelos |
| CN111466216A (en) * | 2020-04-19 | 2020-07-31 | 庆城县丰泰果业专业合作社 | Multi-branch inarching one-time forming method for intercropping transformation of sealed apple orchard |
| CN114467527A (en) * | 2022-02-25 | 2022-05-13 | 安顺市农业科学院 | Rapid propagation method of dwarf plum cerasus internus rootstock seedlings |
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| CN101766102A (en) * | 2010-03-11 | 2010-07-07 | 西北农林科技大学 | Grafting and tree form reshaping method for three-branch inarching of closed apple orchard |
| CN103975778A (en) * | 2014-06-03 | 2014-08-13 | 广东橘乡农业开发有限公司 | Method for grafting red orange seedlings |
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2014
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101766102A (en) * | 2010-03-11 | 2010-07-07 | 西北农林科技大学 | Grafting and tree form reshaping method for three-branch inarching of closed apple orchard |
| CN103975778A (en) * | 2014-06-03 | 2014-08-13 | 广东橘乡农业开发有限公司 | Method for grafting red orange seedlings |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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| 康忠武: "银杏实生大苗的多接穗嫁接技术", 《广西林业》 * |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111108933A (en) * | 2019-12-09 | 2020-05-08 | 上海曹野农业发展有限公司 | Cultivation method of ornamental pumpkin complex |
| CN111108933B (en) * | 2019-12-09 | 2021-08-10 | 上海曹野农业发展有限公司 | Cultivation method of ornamental pumpkin complex |
| CN111386877A (en) * | 2020-04-07 | 2020-07-10 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Grafting method of Hongbaoshiqing pomelos |
| CN111466216A (en) * | 2020-04-19 | 2020-07-31 | 庆城县丰泰果业专业合作社 | Multi-branch inarching one-time forming method for intercropping transformation of sealed apple orchard |
| CN111466216B (en) * | 2020-04-19 | 2022-04-22 | 庆城县丰泰果业专业合作社 | Multi-branch inarching one-time forming method for intercropping transformation of sealed apple orchard |
| CN114467527A (en) * | 2022-02-25 | 2022-05-13 | 安顺市农业科学院 | Rapid propagation method of dwarf plum cerasus internus rootstock seedlings |
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| CN104429634B (en) | 2016-07-27 |
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