CN104428462A - 合成纤维绳 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供高张力且伸长率小、可大幅提高合成纤维的拉伸强度的强度利用率、可确保伸长率与使用的合成纤维的伸长率大致相同的合成纤维绳。合成纤维绳的特征在于,是将多根绳股捻合或编织而构成,绳股包括:由合成纤维的经纱和纬纱织成的管状织物和在该管状织物内拉齐的多根合成纤维的芯材。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及合成纤维绳、特别是将多根绳股捻合或编织而构成的合成纤维绳。
背景技术
目前的合成纤维绳通常通过以下方法构成:将多根原纱经过1次或2次捻纱工序而制备纱线(捻线),在将多根该纱线拉齐的同时进行捻纱,制备作为纱线的集合体的绳股,进而将多根该绳股捻合或编织。通常,将捻合3根绳股而制备的绳称为3股绳,将组合有8根绳股的绳称为8股绳,还有编织12根、16根等偶数根绳股而成的绳(参照专利文献1、2)。
另外,作为上述绳股,有将大量合成纤维作为芯材,由将它们构成为编绳状的管状外层集束而得的绳股,也有捻合这些绳股而成的绳(参照专利文献3)。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:日本特开2001-103870号公开公报
专利文献2:日本特开2000-228931号公开公报
专利文献3:日本实开平3-53597号公开公报。
发明内容
发明所要解决的课题
由于上述目前的绳通过将纱线和绳股反复捻转而构成,所以绳的伸长率增加,不仅无法充分利用合成纤维原本具有的拉伸强度,而且随着绳的标称粗度(直径)变大,构成绳股的纱线的根数增加,使得难以调和多根纱线的张力,存在合成纤维原本具有的拉伸强度的强度利用率降低等问题。
解决课题的手段
本发明乃为解决上述问题而完成,其目的在于,提供合成纤维绳,其特征在于,将多根绳股捻合或编织而构成,绳股包括:由合成纤维的经纱和纬纱构成的管状织物和在该管状织物内集束的合成纤维束的芯材。
发明的效果
由于本发明的合成纤维绳是将由合成纤维的经纱和纬纱构成的织物作为绳股,将它们捻合或编织而构成,所以有下列作用效果:
1) 由于将管状织物的经纱和芯材在绳的长度方向取向,所以可提供高张力且伸长率小的绳,在可大幅提高合成纤维的拉伸强度的强度利用率的同时,可确保与使用的合成纤维的伸长率大致相同的伸长率;
2) 由于用管状织物限制芯材,所以易于稳定地保持绳的形状,可自由地设定绳捻距(绳股的1次捻距);
3) 适合于标称粗度(直径)大的绳的制备。
附图说明
图1为示出本发明的合成纤维绳的实施例的构成示意图(A)及其侧视图(B);
图2为图1所示的绳股的构成示意图;
图3为通过索眼加工在绳的末端形成环的另一实施例的构成示意图;
图4为施加护套的合成纤维绳的另一实施例的构成示意图;
图5为示出基于试验数据的绳捻距与强度利用率的关系的曲线图。
具体实施方式
以下,对于本发明的合成纤维绳的实施例,在参照附图的同时进行说明。
在图1中,1为合成纤维绳,是将多根(在本实施例中为12根)绳股2捻合而构成。在捻合时,为了减小伸长率而优选不捻转各绳股2,但在本发明中并不排除捻转。可在各绳股的管状织物的经纱的一部分中加入颜色不同的识别线,以便不引入绳股的捻转。上述绳股2的捻合根数并不限定于本实施例的12根,根据水产领域、船舶领域、陆地领域等用途或使用的合成纤维的种类或粗度等适宜确定。另外,也可在合成纤维绳1的中心部中加入由合成纤维、金属线等构成的芯材。
由图2可知,上述绳股2包括管状织物3和芯材4,管状织物3由合成纤维的经纱和纬纱构成,芯材4由在该管状织物3内集束的合成纤维束构成。作为上述合成纤维,例如可列举出尼龙等聚酰胺类纤维、聚酯类纤维、聚丙烯腈类纤维、维尼纶等聚乙烯醇类纤维、聚丙烯类纤维、聚氯乙烯类纤维、聚乙烯类纤维、聚偏氯乙烯类纤维、聚氨酯类纤维,但从耐受高拉伸力的强度或延伸度的观点出发,除了聚酯类纤维以外,优选超高分子量聚乙烯、芳族聚酰胺纤维、聚丙烯酸酯纤维、碳纤维、金属线等高强度但伸长率低的合成纤维。另外,对于上述管状织物,例如只要适宜选择平织、斜织等可织成管状的编织组织即可。
图3示出通过索眼加工S在绳的末端形成环R的另一实施例,与目前的编绳结构的绳股相比,具有经纱和纬纱的织物组织的本发明绳股难伸长、难滑动,可构成坚固的环R。
图4示出施加护套5的合成纤维绳的另一实施例,作为该护套5,可为合成树脂的薄膜、将合成纤维的多根纱线编织为编绳结构而得的护套或与上述管状织物相同的织物结构中的任一种。
(本发明的具体实例)
接着,对于本发明的具体实例,在参照表1的同时进行说明。
[表1]
在上述表1中,在使用聚酯丝(1500d)作为原纱的合成纤维的绳股为8根的情况下,实测拉伸强度为345kN,强度利用率为69.4%;在绳股为12根的情况下,实测拉伸强度为534kN,强度利用率为71.7%。
(现有技术实例)
相对于本发明的上述具体实例,将现有技术实例示出于表2中。
[表2]
在表2中,在使用聚酯丝(1500d)作为原纱的合成纤维的绳股为8根的情况下,实测拉伸强度为61.0 (直径为18mm)~187 (直径为36mm) kN,强度利用率为40~32.7%。
(现有技术与本发明技术的比较)
接着,将上述现有技术与本发明技术进行比较,对本发明的优点进行说明。
[表3]
由上述表3可知,证明了新技术(本发明)的合成纤维绳与目前技术相比,在36mm的相同标称粗度(直径)且8根的相同绳股根数时,强度利用率为2.12倍(69.4%/32.7%),拉伸强度为1.84倍,结果优异。另外,可知新技术(本发明)的合成纤维绳与目前技术相比,在相同标称粗度(直径)时可实现约8%的轻量化。
本发明的绳股包括管状织物和芯材,管状织物由合成纤维的经纱和纬纱构成,芯材由在该管状织物内集束的合成纤维束构成,故而形状保持性良好。因此,即使加长捻距也不会丧失实用性。
表4示出由绳捻距不同导致的绳的断裂强度和强度利用率的变化等试验数据,在绳捻距为3.00、3.78、4.58、5.64和6.39的情况下,断裂强度(kN)分别为236、305、352、376和366,强度利用率(%)分别为46.3、59.8、69.0、73.7和71.8。将上述绳捻距与强度利用率(%)的关系制成曲线图而得到图5的曲线图,可知在捻距为5.6倍左右时强度利用率(%)最大。在使用通常的绳股的情况下,强度利用率为30~40%左右,因此,数据的73.7%为相当高的强度利用率。
对于绳,若如本发明那样扩大绳捻距,则无法保持绳股的形状,可能有耐磨损性降低等实际使用上的问题。(因此,例如在8股绳中,在JIS标准上,将绳捻距规定为3.5倍以下)
另一方面,在本发明中,由于在管状织物内将芯材集束,所以可保持绳股的形状,可将绳捻距扩大至超过3.5倍。由此,如表4所示,将绳捻距优化,则可得到高达73.7%的强度利用率。
由经纱和纬纱构成的管状织物3的组织可为平织、斜织等目前公知的组织的任一种,特别是斜织,有经纱的限制少、拉伸强度大、绳股柔软的优点。
上述管状织物3可用梭织机、针织机或圆形织机的任一种织成。上述梭织机或针织机等平织机在交替进行开闭运动的经纱之间用梭或针穿过纬纱而织成平织物,将该平织物的两端用其它的纱线缝合,或通过针的纬纱锁缝,形成为管状。
另外,作为环状织机的圆形织机为从织机外周部放射状地供给经纱,使纬纱在圆周方向旋转的同时前进而织成的织机,在用该圆形织机织成的情况下,如用上述平织机织成的管状织物那样,无接缝部,故而不仅可提高管状织物的圆周方向的强度,而且有如下的优点。即,(1)由于无接缝部(凹凸),所以管状织物的组织均匀,耐磨损性提高。(2)由于无接缝部,所以向所有方向的弯曲变得柔软,无弯曲趋势。(3)由于无接缝部,所以绳股向长度方向的延伸度一致,强度提高。(4)在以相同水平的圆周方向强度为目标的情况下,可减少纬纱的捻入根数,可制成柔软的绳股。(5)由于可减少纬纱捻入根数,所以经纱在绳的所有纤维量中所占的比例增加,强度利用率进一步提高。
此外,在上述任一种织机中,通过织入使管状织物3的一部分经纱为与其它经纱不同的颜色的识别线,有识别绳股2的捻转状态,易辨别捻转少的绳股2的优点。若绳股被捻转,则强度变弱,故而优选捻转少的绳股。
产业上的可利用性
本发明的合成纤维绳为高张力且具有与合成纤维的伸长率大致相同的伸长率,可用作在使用目前的钢线绳的水产领域、船舶领域或陆地领域中的替代用绳。
标记说明
1 合成纤维绳
2 绳股
3 管状织物
4 芯材
5 护套
R 环
S 索眼加工。
Claims (6)
1. 合成纤维绳,其特征在于,是将多根绳股捻合或编织而构成,绳股包括:由合成纤维的经纱和纬纱织成的管状织物和在该管状织物内拉齐的多根合成纤维的芯材。
2. 权利要求1的合成纤维绳,其特征在于,上述合成纤维为选自以下的1种或多种纤维的组合:尼龙等聚酰胺类纤维、聚酯类纤维、聚丙烯腈类纤维、维尼纶等聚乙烯醇类纤维、聚丙烯类纤维、聚氯乙烯类纤维、聚乙烯类纤维、聚偏氯乙烯类纤维、聚氨酯类纤维。
3. 权利要求1或2的合成纤维绳,其特征在于,织入使上述管状织物的一部分经纱为与其它经纱不同的颜色的识别线。
4. 权利要求1、2或3的合成纤维绳,其特征在于,在外周面施加合成树脂的薄膜、将合成纤维的多根纱线编织为编绳结构而得的护套或与上述管状织物相同的织物结构的护套。
5. 权利要求1、2、3或4的合成纤维绳,其特征在于,通过圆形织机制备上述绳股。
6. 权利要求1、2、3、4或5的合成纤维绳,其特征在于,用于渔网用绳或船舶系留用绳和固定海上或海中结构(渔礁或石油钻塔等)的用途。
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JP (1) | JP6190647B2 (zh) |
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KR20150016593A (ko) | 2015-02-12 |
EP2913433A1 (en) | 2015-09-02 |
US20150152594A1 (en) | 2015-06-04 |
JP2014111851A (ja) | 2014-06-19 |
BR112014032393A2 (pt) | 2017-06-27 |
EP2913433A4 (en) | 2016-07-13 |
US10100462B2 (en) | 2018-10-16 |
JP6190647B2 (ja) | 2017-08-30 |
EP2913433B1 (en) | 2017-12-13 |
IN2014KN03046A (zh) | 2015-05-08 |
CN104428462B (zh) | 2016-12-07 |
WO2014069299A1 (ja) | 2014-05-08 |
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