CN104419397A - 一种耐高温海水基压裂液及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种耐高温海水基压裂液及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN104419397A
CN104419397A CN201310389219.0A CN201310389219A CN104419397A CN 104419397 A CN104419397 A CN 104419397A CN 201310389219 A CN201310389219 A CN 201310389219A CN 104419397 A CN104419397 A CN 104419397A
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宋有胜
徐鸿志
王宇宾
郝志伟
赵文娜
汤发明
王雪莹
叶松滨
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China National Petroleum Corp
CNPC Offshore Engineering Co Ltd
CNPC Research Institute of Engineering Technology
CNPC Engineering Technology Research Institute Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种耐高温海水基压裂液及其制备方法;由以下添加剂按照重量百分比配制而成:稠化剂0.45-1.0%、粘土稳定剂0.6-1.5%、破乳助排剂0.6-1.5%,破胶剂为0.01-0.03%,交联剂0.6-2.0%,其余为海水,各组分重量百分比之和为100%;具有携砂性能好、耐温耐剪切性能好、与地层流体配伍性好、储层伤害小等性能优点;可以直接利用海水进行配液,采用常规配液设备和流程,解决海上压裂施工中淡水缺乏等问题,提高海上压裂作业效率、降低成本,为实现海上大规模压裂施工作业奠定基础。

Description

一种耐高温海水基压裂液及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种耐高温海水基压裂液及其制备方法,可以直接利用海水进行配液,体系耐温耐剪切性达到160℃,可满足海上高温储层压裂改造技术需求。
背景技术
海上区块勘探力度逐年增大,在目前已经完钻的探井中,有相当一部分井深3000米以上,温度梯度达到3.78℃/m,油层属于致密泥岩、泥质粉砂岩、碎屑岩。该类油井的油层致密,孔隙度低,渗透率差,自然产能低。需要对该类深井致密油藏进行压裂改造,提高油气田勘探开发的整体效果。
目前,海上压裂仍采用常规的压裂液体系,需要用淡水进行配液,因此需要从码头上存储大量的淡水,压裂船在岸上停靠时间太长,浪费大量的施工时间,同时增加了生产成本;另外,由于工作船携带淡水量有限,难以实现海上大规模压裂施工作业。
海上油气田的一大特点是拥有大量的海水资源,但由于钙镁等离子对压裂液的性能造成严重影响,不能直接使用海水配置常规压裂液体系。因此急需研制一种可以直接利用海水进行配制的压裂液体系,提高海上压裂效率,降低海上压裂成本,为实现海上大规模压裂施工奠定基础。
发明内容
本发明的目的是研制一种可以直接用海水进行配液的海水基压裂液体系,体系具有携砂性能好、耐温耐剪切性能好、与地层流体配伍性好、储层伤害小等性能优点,提高海上压裂施工效率,降低压裂成本,为实现海上大规模压裂施工奠定基础。
本发明的所述的耐高温海水基压裂液实现过程为:
其组成及重量百分比为:稠化剂0.45-1.0%、粘土稳定剂0.6-1.5%、破乳助排剂0.6-1.5%,破胶剂为0.01-0.03%,交联剂0.6-2.0%,其余为海水,各组分重量百分比之和为100%;
所述的稠化剂为2-丙烯酰胺-2-甲基丙烷磺酸盐、丙烯酰胺、二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵和甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵四种单体的共聚物,分子量在700-900万之间,四种单体的质量比为10-20:30-40:5-10:3-5。
所述的交联剂由氯化铁、氧氯化锆、四氯化锆、氯化铬中的一种或几种,与甲醛、乙二醇、丙三醇中的一种或几种,与水复配而成,其质量比为:0.1-10:0.2-3:10-50。
所述的粘土稳定剂为环氧氯丙烷与多乙烯多胺的共聚物。
所述的破乳助排剂为聚氧乙烯烷基醇醚非离子表面活性剂、氟碳表面活性剂、季铵盐类表面活性剂与水复配而成,其质量比为1-3:0.5-2:0.6-1.2:93.8-97.9。
所述破胶剂为胶囊形式的过硫酸铵、过硫酸钾、过硫酸钠等。
上述稠化剂制备方法为:将2-丙烯酰胺-2-甲基丙烷磺酸盐、丙烯酰胺、二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵和甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵以质量比10-20:30-40:5-10:3-5的比例制成20%~30%的水溶液,恒温(40℃~60℃),充氮气20~30min,加入氧化还原体系(过硫酸铵:亚硫酸氢盐=1:2)反应6~8h,得到高粘稠状的透明胶状物,经烘干、粉碎,得到稠化剂。
上述耐高温海水基压裂液制备方法为:
将1000份海水倒入吴茵搅拌器中,开启搅拌,调整转速(约400-800r/min),使海水形成较大的漩涡;将称量好的4.5-10份的稠化剂慢慢加入海水中,搅拌10min;加入6-15份粘土稳定剂和6-15份助排剂,继续搅拌15-20min,使稠化剂溶胀完全;继续搅拌,加入0.1-0.3份的破胶剂,然后缓慢加入6-20份的交联剂,直至漩涡消失,液面微微突起时,停止搅拌,即形成耐高温海水基压裂液成品。
本发明的优点及有益效果:
按照行业标准《SY/T5107-2005水基压裂液性能评价方法》对形成的耐高温海水基压裂液体系进行实验评价,该海水基压裂液的性能特点如下:
(1)体系耐温耐剪切性能优异,满足海上160℃高温储层压裂改造施工技术需求,高温流变性能稳定,耐剪切性能突出,利于携砂;
(2)体系具有较高的液体粘度、较低的滤失速率,利于压裂造缝;
(3)体系与地层流体配伍性好,残渣含量低,岩心伤害率低,利于渗透率恢复,提高压裂改造效果。
(4)体系破胶性能好,破胶液表界面张力低,利于压后返排,保证压裂改造效果。
附图说明
图1耐高温海水基压裂液120℃流变曲线
图2耐高温海水基压裂液150℃流变曲线
具体实施方式
稠化剂的制备
将2-丙烯酰胺-2-甲基丙烷磺酸盐、丙烯酰胺、二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵和甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵以质量比15:40:8:5的比例制成30%的水溶液,恒温60℃,充氮气30min,加入氧化还原体系(过硫酸铵:亚硫酸氢盐=1:2)反应8h,得到高粘稠状的透明胶状物,经烘干、粉碎,得到稠化剂。
实施例1:
将1000份取自渤海湾胜利海域CB326平台的海水倒入吴茵搅拌器中,开启搅拌,调整转速(约600r/min);将称量好的5份的稠化剂慢慢加入海水中,搅拌10min;加入6份粘土稳定剂和10份助排剂,继续搅拌15min,使稠化剂溶胀完全;继续搅拌,加入0.3份的破胶剂,然后缓慢加入6份的交联剂,直至漩涡消失,液面微微突起时,停止搅拌,即形成耐高温海水基压裂液成品。
交联剂为氧氯化锆、氯化铬、丙三醇与水按照质量比5:0.2:0.6:20配制而成。
粘土稳定剂为环氧氯丙烷与多乙烯多胺的共聚物,购自北京石大奥德科技有限公司。
破乳助排剂为聚氧乙烯烷基醇醚非离子表面活性剂、氟碳表面活性剂、季铵盐类表面活性剂与水复配而成,其质量比为2:1:0.8:96.2。
破胶剂为胶囊形式的过硫酸铵。
该体系适用于海上120℃储层压裂改造施工,120℃,170s-1,剪切90min后,体系粘度≥200mPa·s,见图1,满足行业标准要求。
实施例2:
将1000份取自渤海湾大港滨海区块BH7井附近的海水倒入吴茵搅拌器中,开启搅拌,调整转速(约1000r/min);将称量好的8份的稠化剂慢慢加入海水中,搅拌10min;加入10份粘土稳定剂和12份助排剂,继续搅拌20min,使稠化剂溶胀完全;继续搅拌,加入0.1份的破胶剂,然后缓慢加入20份的交联剂,直至漩涡消失,液面微微突起时,停止搅拌,即形成耐高温海水基压裂液成品。
交联剂为氯化铁、四氯化锆、氯化铬、甲醛、丙三醇与水按照质量比2:10:0.8:0.7:3:30配制而成。
粘土稳定剂为环氧氯丙烷与多乙烯多胺的共聚物,购自北京石大奥德科技有限公司。
破乳助排剂为聚氧乙烯烷基醇醚非离子表面活性剂、氟碳表面活性剂、季铵盐类表面活性剂与水复配而成,其质量比为3:1.5:1.5:94.0。
破胶剂为胶囊形式的过硫酸铵。
该体系适用于海上160℃储层压裂改造施工,150℃,170s-1,剪切120min后,体系粘度≥100mPa·s,见图2,满足行业标准要求。
本发明体系的性能优点,从表1和图1、图2中说明,体系具有携砂性好、耐温耐剪切性好、与地层流体配伍性好、储层伤害小、配制简单等性能优点;适合于海上160℃高温储层压裂改造技术需求。
表1耐高温海水基压裂液体系主要性能

Claims (7)

1.一种耐高温海水基压裂液,其特征在于:其组成及重量百分比为:稠化剂0.45-1.0%、粘土稳定剂0.6-1.5%、破乳助排剂0.6-1.5%,破胶剂为0.01-0.03%,交联剂0.6-2.0%,其余为海水,各组分重量百分比之和为100%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的耐高温海水基压裂液,其特征在于:稠化剂为2-丙烯酰胺-2-甲基丙烷磺酸盐、丙烯酰胺、二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵和甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵四种单体的共聚物,分子量在700-900万之间,四种单体的质量比为10-20:30-40:5-10:3-5。
3.根据权利要求1所述的耐高温海水基压裂液,其特征在于:交联剂由氯化铁、氧氯化锆、四氯化锆、氯化铬中的一种或几种,与甲醛、乙二醇、丙三醇中的一种或几种,与水复配而成,其质量比为:0.1-10:0.2-3:10-50。
4.根据权利要求1所述的耐高温海水基压裂液,其特征在于:粘土稳定剂为环氧氯丙烷与多乙烯多胺的共聚物。
5.根据权利要求1所述的耐高温海水基压裂液,其特征在于:破乳助排剂为聚氧乙烯烷基醇醚非离子表面活性剂、氟碳表面活性剂、季铵盐类表面活性剂与水复配而成,其质量比为1-3:0.5-2:0.6-1.2:93.8-97.9。
6.根据权利要求1所述的耐高温海水基压裂液,其特征在于:破胶剂为过硫酸铵、过硫酸钾或过硫酸钠。
7.一种权利要求1所述的耐高温海水基压裂液的制备方法,其特征在于:按照以下方法进行配制:在搅拌情况下,将稠化剂缓慢加入海水中,加量为海水的0.45-1.0%;搅拌10min后,加入粘土稳定剂,加量为0.6-1.5%,继续加入助排剂,加量为0.6-1.5%;继续搅拌15-20min,同时加入破胶剂,加量为0.01-0.03%;缓慢加入交联剂,加量为0.6-2.0%,搅拌至压裂液形成均匀、具有粘弹性的液体即可。
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