CN104405436A - Method for improving orebody rate of supporting pit roof - Google Patents
Method for improving orebody rate of supporting pit roof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104405436A CN104405436A CN201410496383.6A CN201410496383A CN104405436A CN 104405436 A CN104405436 A CN 104405436A CN 201410496383 A CN201410496383 A CN 201410496383A CN 104405436 A CN104405436 A CN 104405436A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 21
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 102000016938 Catalase Human genes 0.000 claims description 3
- 108010053835 Catalase Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000001367 artery Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 abstract description 20
- 238000005429 filling process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004537 pulping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F15/00—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for improving the orebody rate of supporting pit roof. The method comprises the following steps: A, arranging a stope; B, changing the shape of a top plate; C, erecting a filling pipe and an exhaust pipe; D, collaring and charging; E, filling; F, dewatering; G, breaking the pipes; H, performing forcible pit roof supporting. According to the method for improving the orebody rate of supporting pit roof, certain arrangement and modification for the shapes of the slope and the top plate are performed, the filling pipe and the exhaust pipe are reasonably erected, appropriate filling materials and filling material slurry are selected for filling, and furthermore dewatering is performed in the filling process, so that the dryness degree is improved; by virtue of the breaking the pipes, multipoint blanking is formed; finally a local rock pillar, which is used for supporting the top plate, at the upper surface of the ore pillar is avalanched by virtue of millisecond blasting so as to realize forcible pit root supporting, so that compact forcible pit root supporting is realized. The method disclosed by the invention can be used for overcoming the adverse factors which influence the rate of supporting pit roof in a mine filling process in the prior art, is high in rate of supporting pit roof and good in filling strength and has favorable application prospect and social values.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to mining technique field, be specifically related to a kind of method improving ore body Tight filling rate.
Background technology
Mining is the basic industries of exploitation of mineral resources and utilization, but mining industry is providing raw-material for the mankind while, also inevitably disturbance and destroy earth environment, bring potential safety hazard.Along with the develop rapidly of industrial society, mineral products demand increases sharply, and mining mineral resource utilizes the environmental disruption and waste discharge that cause, to become quite severe environmental problem.So method of mining by the way of filling application percentage in mine is increasing; the rate of recovery that it can improve ore reduces impoverishment rate in mining; and can rock pressure be reduced; ensure mining production safety; discharge and the protection earth's surface of reducing solid waste are not damaged; but it is large that the method for mining by the way of filling exists labour intensity, and filling does not connect top problem, the measure therefore effectively controlling Tight filling rate becomes the task of top priority of method of mining by the way of filling needs solution.
The existing tailings in Baiyin Nonferrous Metal Group Co., Ltd. little Tie Shan ore deposit delivers to sand storehouse, Fill preparation station by a pumping plant, secondary pump station through 12.7km tubing pump, and cement is transported to preparation station by bulk cement truck, and relying on calms the anger is transported in cement bin.There are two independently pulping systems at Fill preparation station, and each system is by a vertical sand warehouse (volume 190 cubic metres), cement bin, an an agitator tank and instrument control appliance composition.Sand storehouse is provided with bottom and puts sand and sand two covering device is put in siphon.Under normal circumstances, a system works, a system reserve, when needing, two systems can use simultaneously.The design slurrying capacity 60-100m of each system
3/ h.The filling slurry prepared is first through filling borehole----three stage casings (1724 level) filling gallery-→ tri-stage casing 800 filling well----1560 level 800 filling wells----1560 level 1000 filling wells----stope connecting taxiway----each extracting drift packing job face of four diameter 175mm.In filling, each stope effect is different, and it is not very high for connecing top rate, overflows water serious, need to draw water in stowing operation, just can carry out turning layer and produce after clear mud.
In stowing operation, filling does not connect top and causes very large harm under normal circumstances: 1, easily cause tunnel inbreak on a large scale, forms Collapsed zone; 2, cause local wall rock loosening, wall caving inbreak occurs; 3, easily form stress conduction, rock pressure increases, and produces deformation failure to tunnel weak link; 4, rock work is vulnerable to the object strike of float stone when operation, affects job safety; 5, normal production system is destroyed, must design for change again, design a series of detouring.
The factor affecting Tight filling rate in the filling process of existing mine mainly contains the following aspects:
1, Tight filling rate and filling slurry flowing law:
In stope filling technique, mainly the position, primary filling thickness, filling number of times etc. of blanking point are comparatively large on the impact of Tight filling rate, and these factors and the slip flowing law in stope is closely related.
The flowing law of filling slurry on infinitepiston: the cementitious slurry that the filling mouth of pipe is discharged, deposits into vertebra shape heap body at infinitepiston, and top is a cast punching hole, inject the slurry in hole, constantly overflow from punching hole periphery, and evenly trickle along centrum periphery, deposit gradually on the way, concentration dilution.Determining blanking point position and filling number of times aborning, is a very important index.Its value is determined by the factor such as weight mean particle size of cement consumption, pulp density, aggregate.
2, filling slurry consolidation settlement:
The sedimentation of filling slurry is with a kind of inevitably phenomenon in the conventional cementitious filling that is main feature of slip pipeline hydraulic self-flowing pastefill.On the one hand, after binding backfill slurry is full of dead zone, down-hole, filling slurry laminated segregation is made because the settling rate of size particles in water is different, solid particle sinks gradually, force most of water isolation on obturation surface, after these water remove in the mode of runoff, between obturation surface and top board, just there is shrinking space.On the other hand, after the gravity water be present between solid particle in space is got rid of by penetration mode, obturation also can sedimentation.In addition, there is certain shrinkage factor (5% ~ 22%) due to dehydration after the filling slurry of high concentration is filled to stope, what have a strong impact on stope connects top effect.Therefore, filling does not connect the direct result that top is casting resin sedimentation.
3, the filling slurry gravity flow gradient:
According to the mode of self-flowing pastefill filling, filling slurry its aggregate in the process of stope filling there will be sedimentation.Therefore, form the gravity flow gradient from filling pipeline discharging opening to stope edge, filling slurry filling performance its gradient poorer is larger.When filling pipe discharging opening connects top, because the impact of the gradient of flowing automatically causes stope edge or end can not connect top completely.
4, filling slurry concentration is too low and drainage rate is slow:
Too low pulp density, easily causes the layering of casting resin segregation, increases nature slide rock angle.Meanwhile, a large amount of accumulation shipwrecks, to discharge in time, occupies filling space, hinders Tight filling.In addition, along with increasing of obturation, more to its top, drainage difficulty is also larger.Due to a large amount of existence of water, hinder filling slurry flowing on the one hand, the spilling of a large amount of slip also pollutes tunnel on the other hand.
5, dead zone top plate shape irregularity:
For the geometry of filling dead zone, often be not strict with when back production designs, particularly top board shape very irregularity, placement method is improper in addition, as single-point blanking, piles up gradually, comparatively the Nature slope angle is formed at blanking point, after the feed opening being blocked of heap top, cause part dead zone to be full of, produce empty top.
6, water and tube washing water is guided to affect Tight filling:
For preventing the blocking of filling pipeline, before and after each filling, discharge guiding water and the tube washing water of nearly tens minutes always, and these guiding water of benefit is had no to goaf filling, tube washing water directly enters the goaf connecing top to be filled often through pipeline, affects Tight filling.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of method improving ore body Tight filling rate, to solve the technical problem that in the filling in mine process that exists in prior art, Tight filling rate is low, filling effect is undesirable.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is by the following technical solutions: a kind of method improving ore body Tight filling rate, comprises the following steps:
A, layout stope: adopt triangle disposition structural configuration stope;
B, change top board shape: top board be arranged to skewed and make the top board inclination angle gradient be 8-15%, adopting arch top board when top board cannot be made to be arranged to skewed;
C, erection filling pipe and stack: the export frame of filling pipe is located at top board highest point, the export frame of stack is located at 30-40cm place above top board, time undesirable, carry out blowing out process of caunching;
D, perforating powder charge: perforating on filling dead zone top plate and side eye, installs explosive;
The casting resin slip that Filling density is 65-68% by filling system by E, filling: select filling cement-sand ratio to be the casting resin of 1:10-1:4, filling flow is 63-65% is filled in filling dead zone;
F, dehydration: utilize filter pipe to implement descending sluicing and utilize filling well to implement up pumping for water pump and the ponding in stowing operation is discharged as early as possible, make obturation have enough densities;
G, disconnected pipe: when Tight filling distance is less than 1m, carry out disconnected pipe to filling pipe, form multiple spot blanking, after seeing and overflowing casting resin slip from stack, then through filling in 10-15 minute;
H, pressure connect top: the local rock pillar adopting roof supporting above short-delay blasting avalanche ore pillar.
Further, in described steps A, to press the slice drift width 0.5m that builds a dam high for triangle disposition structure stope higher slice, and higher slice can wear arteries and veins erection filling pipeline.
Further, in described step B on Stope roof Drilling peephole.
Further, in described step C, the outlet of filling pipe is placed on distance face 5m place, filling route end.
Further, in described step C, the diameter of stack is less than the diameter of filling pipe.
Further, the filling pipe connecting tee valve in described step C outside filling counterfort.
Further, in described step e, filling cement-sand ratio adopts the applicable elements of each filling cement-sand ratio for: filling cement-sand ratio for 1:4 is applicable to all routes of each lower leaf institute back production for 1:4,1:6,1:8,1:10, and lays the steel mesh reinforcement metal false end; Filling cement-sand ratio be 1:6 be applicable to each extracting drift connect top, to form working plate; Filling cement-sand ratio is the stope that 1:8 is applicable to adjacent route; Filling cement-sand ratio is stope and last stope of adjacent route that 1:10 is applicable to wall scroll route.
Further, when connecing top in described step e, the Filling density of casting resin slip is 68%.
Further, in described step G, carry out disconnected pipe filling pipe 30 meters of personnel, or be wrapped in 8-10 circle on filling pipe with detonator, then wrap up tight with 30 grams of explosives and an on-electric detonator adhesive plaster, carry out igniting disconnected pipe.
Further, in described step H, after catalase, broken swollen coefficient is 1.4-1.7.
Hinge structure of the present invention has following beneficial effect: the method that raising filling in mine of the present invention connects top rate has done certain layout and amendment to stope and top board shape, rational erection has been done to filling pipe and stack, and have selected suitable casting resin and casting resin slip carries out filling, the distribution of casting resin Slurry Granularity is suitable, water permeability is better, naturally the rate that shrinks is less, mobility does not better have again too many ponding to be existed, simultaneously, in stowing operation, dehydration improves anhydrous rate and forms multiple spot blanking by disconnected pipe further, force to connect top finally by adopting the local rock pillar of roof supporting above short-delay blasting avalanche ore pillar, thus reach closely knit and connect top.Instant invention overcomes the unfavorable factor affecting Tight filling rate in the filling process of prior art mine, Tight filling rate is high, Strength of backfill good, has good application prospect and social value.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the layout schematic diagram of filling pipe of the present invention and stack.
Reference numeral implication is as follows: 1, filling pipe; 2, stack.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the invention will be further described.
Improve a method for ore body Tight filling rate, comprise the following steps:
A, arrange stope: adopt triangle disposition structural configuration stope, it is high that triangle disposition structure stope higher slice presses the slice drift width 0.5m that builds a dam, and in stowing operation, utilize higher slice to wear arteries and veins erection filling pipe 1 carry out filling, overflow water is easy to discharge.
B, change top board shape: the shape of top board should to adapt to the needs of Tight filling for good, the inclination angle of stope roof and floor should be made to be greater than slip nature slide rock angle, to meet the needs connecing top, top board be arranged to skewed and make the top board inclination angle gradient be 8-15%, arch top board is adopted when top board cannot be made to be arranged to skewed, when adopting arch top board, can press with controlling preferably, again can when being subject to human factor and affecting, goaf still partly can connect top, i.e. two side joint tops of arch top board, Drilling peephole on Stope roof, when filling reach connect top time, just have water even filling slurry overflow from peephole, can judge whether filling connects top thus.
C, erection filling pipe 1 and stack 2: raise filling pipe 1 and stack 2 decorating position, as shown in Figure 1, when setting up filling pipe 1 and stack 2, the export frame of filling pipe 1 is located at top board highest point, the export frame of stack 2 is located at 30-40cm place above top board, time undesirable, carry out blowing out process of caunching; When filling route is longer, such as by 50 meters of routes, filling pipe 1 outlet should be placed on distance face 5m place, route end as far as possible, the caliber of stack 2 is less than the diameter of filling pipe 1, filling pipe 1 outside filling counterfort must connect three-way valve, before admission passage filling and after filling, when washing away earth's surface to the filling pipe 1 of down-hole, closing filling valve and open drain valve simultaneously, forbidding to be filled with route by filling swabbing.
D, perforating powder charge: before filling starts, perforating on filling dead zone top plate and side eye, installs explosive.
E, filling: after casting resin is filled with stope, due to oozing out of water, casting resin is being transitioned in the process of dampness from saturation state, can sink under capillary force effect.Therefore, the casting resin of suitable grain class distribution, better water permeability and less naturally shrink rate and enough mobility should be selected.On the other hand, the transportation parameters of existing filling system and technique requires that filling slurry will have good mobility, and the mobility of slip is deteriorated gradually with the increase of pulp density, which limits the concentration of filling slurry.In general, selecting liquidity is answered better not have again the pulp density of too many ponding existence as optium concentration.Therefore select filling cement-sand ratio to be the casting resin of 1:10-1:4, be 65-68% by filling system by Filling density, filling flow is that the casting resin slip of 63-65% is filled in filling dead zone, when connecing top, the Filling density of casting resin slip is 68%, filling cement-sand ratio is for 1:4,1:6,1:8,1:10 and adopt the applicable elements of each filling cement-sand ratio for: filling cement-sand ratio for 1:4 is applicable to all routes of each lower leaf institute back production, and lays the steel mesh reinforcement metal false end; Filling cement-sand ratio be 1:6 be applicable to each extracting drift connect top, to form working plate; Filling cement-sand ratio is the stope that 1:8 is applicable to adjacent route; Filling cement-sand ratio is stope and last stope of adjacent route that 1:10 is applicable to wall scroll route.
F, dehydration: utilize filter pipe to implement descending sluicing and utilize filling well to implement up pumping for water pump and the ponding in stowing operation is discharged as early as possible, make obturation have enough densities, thus the circulation timei shortening packing job.
G, disconnected pipe: when Tight filling distance is less than 1m, carry out disconnected pipe filling pipe 30 meters of personnel, or be wrapped in 8-10 circle on filling pipe with detonator, then wrap up tight with 30 grams of explosives and an on-electric detonator adhesive plaster, carry out igniting disconnected pipe, form multiple spot blanking, because stack is at route peak, after seeing and overflowing casting resin slip from stack, again through filling in 10-15 minute, casting resin slip will enrich route, and mortar overflows from stack, reaches and connects top completely.
H, pressure connect top: the local rock pillar adopting roof supporting above short-delay blasting avalanche ore pillar, after catalase, have certain broken swollen property, broken swollen coefficient is about 1.4 ~ 1.7, can ensure that top board is closely knit and connect top.
Above-described embodiment is the present invention's preferably embodiment; but embodiments of the present invention do not limit by above-described embodiment; other changes made under not deviating from Spirit Essence of the present invention and principle, modification, substitute, combine, simplify; all should be the substitute mode of equivalence, all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. improve a method for ore body Tight filling rate, it is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
A, layout stope: adopt triangle disposition structural configuration stope;
B, change top board shape: top board be arranged to skewed and make the top board inclination angle gradient be 8-15%, adopting arch top board when top board cannot be made to be arranged to skewed;
C, erection filling pipe and stack: the export frame of filling pipe is located at top board highest point, the export frame of stack is located at 30-40cm place above top board, time undesirable, carry out blowing out process of caunching;
D, perforating powder charge: perforating on filling dead zone top plate and side eye, installs explosive;
The casting resin slip that Filling density is 65-68% by filling system by E, filling: select filling cement-sand ratio to be the casting resin of 1:10-1:4, filling flow is 63-65% is filled in filling dead zone;
F, dehydration: utilize filter pipe to implement descending sluicing and utilize filling well to implement up pumping for water pump and the ponding in stowing operation is discharged as early as possible, make obturation have enough densities;
G, disconnected pipe: when Tight filling distance is less than 1m, carry out disconnected pipe to filling pipe, form multiple spot blanking, after seeing and overflowing casting resin slip from stack, then through filling in 10-15 minute;
H, pressure connect top: the local rock pillar adopting roof supporting above short-delay blasting avalanche ore pillar.
2. a kind of method improving ore body Tight filling rate according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described steps A, to press the slice drift width 0.5m that builds a dam high for triangle disposition structure stope higher slice, and higher slice can wear arteries and veins erection filling pipeline.
3. a kind of method improving ore body Tight filling rate according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step B on Stope roof Drilling peephole.
4. a kind of method improving ore body Tight filling rate according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step C, the outlet of filling pipe is placed on distance face 5m place, filling route end.
5. a kind of method improving ore body Tight filling rate according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step C, the diameter of stack is less than the diameter of filling pipe.
6. a kind of method improving ore body Tight filling rate according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the filling pipe connecting tee valve in described step C outside filling counterfort.
7. a kind of method improving ore body Tight filling rate according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step e, filling cement-sand ratio adopts the applicable elements of each filling cement-sand ratio for: filling cement-sand ratio for 1:4 is applicable to all routes of each lower leaf institute back production for 1:4,1:6,1:8,1:10, and lays the steel mesh reinforcement metal false end; Filling cement-sand ratio be 1:6 be applicable to each extracting drift connect top, to form working plate; Filling cement-sand ratio is the stope that 1:8 is applicable to adjacent route; Filling cement-sand ratio is stope and last stope of adjacent route that 1:10 is applicable to wall scroll route.
8. a kind of method improving ore body Tight filling rate according to claim 1, is characterized in that: when connecing top in described step e, the Filling density of casting resin slip is 68%.
9. a kind of method improving ore body Tight filling rate according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step G, carry out disconnected pipe filling pipe 30 meters of personnel, or be wrapped in 8-10 circle on filling pipe with detonator, then wrap up tight with 30 grams of explosives and an on-electric detonator adhesive plaster, carry out igniting disconnected pipe.
10. a kind of method improving ore body Tight filling rate according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step H, after catalase, broken swollen coefficient is 1.4-1.7.
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105443155A (en) * | 2015-12-16 | 2016-03-30 | 榆林学院 | Device for filling surface subsidence with smoke and quick lime |
| CN106050300A (en) * | 2016-07-07 | 2016-10-26 | 山东黄金矿业(莱州)有限公司焦家金矿 | Filling roof connecting method used for upward drift ultrahigh undersampling |
| CN108104870A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-06-01 | 山东河西黄金集团有限公司 | A kind of mine route fill method |
| CN109882237A (en) * | 2019-01-23 | 2019-06-14 | 西安科技大学 | A kind of exploitation of strip filling connects top system |
| CN109882173A (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2019-06-14 | 长沙有色冶金设计研究院有限公司 | Big thick ore body vertically Two step mining stope filling system and placement method |
| CN111255513A (en) * | 2020-03-06 | 2020-06-09 | 安徽马钢罗河矿业有限责任公司 | Method for improving roof-contacting rate of filling of mine room by using roof-picking |
| CN111734415A (en) * | 2020-06-02 | 2020-10-02 | 湖北兴发化工集团股份有限公司 | Flexible pressure relief filling method for deep gentle-inclined ore body |
| CN113236354A (en) * | 2021-04-19 | 2021-08-10 | 北京科技大学 | Stope filling physicochemical combined roof connecting method |
| CN114183194A (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2022-03-15 | 长沙矿山研究院有限责任公司 | Filling roof-contacting method |
| CN114320457A (en) * | 2022-01-10 | 2022-04-12 | 安徽马钢张庄矿业有限责任公司 | Underground goaf multipoint filling and goaf water filtering and draining method |
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| CN103233771A (en) * | 2013-05-13 | 2013-08-07 | 河北钢铁集团矿业有限公司 | Roof contacting process in goaf filling treating procedure |
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