CN104391042A - Method for detecting mine goaf top and floor deep rock stratum cracks through ultrasonic waves - Google Patents
Method for detecting mine goaf top and floor deep rock stratum cracks through ultrasonic waves Download PDFInfo
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- CN104391042A CN104391042A CN201410547097.8A CN201410547097A CN104391042A CN 104391042 A CN104391042 A CN 104391042A CN 201410547097 A CN201410547097 A CN 201410547097A CN 104391042 A CN104391042 A CN 104391042A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for detecting mine goaf top and floor deep rock stratum cracks through ultrasonic waves. The method mainly comprises the following steps: placing an ultrasonic detector detection rod in a goaf top and floor bored hole, and carrying out segmented detection on the bored hole to obtain the ultrasonic time propagation time until the whole bored hole detection ends; stoping a work surface, and carrying out afresh segmented detection on the bored hole by using an original technology to obtain the ultrasonic time propagation time; respectively calculating the propagation speed of the ultrasonic waves in the bored hole according to the time and emission of segmented detection before and after the stoping of the work surface and the distance l of a receiving transducer, and drawing a top and floor V-L curve map before and after stoping with the propagation speed V as the Y axis and the depth L of the bored hole as the X axis; and contrasting the change rule of the curve map before and after stoping to obtain the work surface top and floor board crack growth rule. The method uses a characteristic that the wave speed of the ultrasonic waves reduces with the increase of the rock crack growth, and has a higher detection precision than traditional detection methods with the water leakage loss amount as an evaluation index.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to rock masses fracturing Detection Techniques, particularly relate to roof and floor deep, mine working face goaf rock crack Detection Techniques.
Background technology
Under normal circumstances, after the mine coal-cutting advance of the face, above goaf top plate, there will be caving zone, fissure zone and the band that slowly sinks, there will be water guide destruction band, effectively water-resisting layer boundary belt and piestic water in base plate and lead a liter band.Roof and floor crack, mine goaf (destruction) band is the passage that mine water enters goaf, generally appears within the scope of rock stratum, roof and floor deep, as roof fracture band is positioned at 40 ~ 80m above top board.Understand workplace goaf adjoining rock fissure zone grow scope for buildings, public affairs (iron) road and underwater mining and base plate Mining Above Confined Aquifer significant; Simultaneously to have Burst Tendency, coal and gas prominent tendency safely mining of coalbed, coal and coal-seam gas adopt altogether and shallow coal-layer water-retaining production also tool have certain effect.
In the adjoining rock of workplace goaf, fissure zone detection instrument adopts both-end water block device usually.Chinese patent (application number 90106348.7) discloses a kind of both-end water block device that adopts to drilling subsection water injection technology, by interior both-end water block device water leakage determination coal-face adjoining rock cranny development situation of holing.This technology comprises: 1. utilize geological drilling rig (underground drill rig) to hole to goaf top plate (base plate), the segmentation of both-end water block device is put into and faces upward tiltedly (bowing tiltedly) boring, its lower end is connected with water flow monitor with high-pressure air pipe, drilling rod; 2. open High-pressure air valve, ventilation distending two ends air bag, boring certain section of shutoff; 3. after air bag deployment reaches certain pressure, to the water filling of shutoff end, by measuring the size of different depth water wastage in boring, adjoining rock fractured zones rule is determined.The shortcoming that above-mentioned patent exists: 1. due to water filling between shutoff air bag, easily makes sealing of hole air bag relax, plug-hole reliability decrease when hydraulic pressure is larger, water flows out from lower airbag, add both-end water block device to leak number of dropouts, detection accuracy is low, cannot obtain authentic and valid result; 2. hydraulic pressure is difficult to control, and water injection pipe and flowmeter easily burst apart, operating difficulties; 3. both-end water block device weight is comparatively large, and not easily pass in boring, and easily block, work workload is large.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the deficiency of existing water wastage detection crack method, the present invention, according to ultrasonic technology, provides high, the maneuverable detection method of a kind of detection accuracy, specific as follows:
The first step: hole to top, goaf, base plate
Before working face extraction, in the tunnel near workplace, utilize geological drilling rig or underground drill rig to the boring of pushing up, base plate drills through certain depth, the clear hole of water-filling after pore-forming;
Second step: assembling and layout ultrasonic type detection instrument
Ultrasonic type detection instrument is made up of ultrasonic type feeler, ultrasound wave main control system, connecting link, telecommunication cable and pressure regulation water filling device; So-called ultrasonic type feeler is a gapless sound insulation bar, long about the 2m of bar, upper end 10cm place apart from sound insulation bar is fixed with transmitting transducer, lower end 10cm place apart from sound insulation bar is fixed with receiving transducer, be screwed connector at the lower end of sound insulation bar, can be connected with connecting link by connector; So-called connecting link is formed by connecting by more piece gapless hollow stem, and hollow stem one end is provided with nut, and the other end is provided with stud, and more piece gapless hollow stem can be made to be interconnected; Ultrasound wave main control system is connected with transmitting transducer and receiving transducer by telecommunication cable, to control hyperacousticly to excite, receive and record ultrasonic propagation time; So-called pressure control water filling device is made up of pressure regulation water filling control desk, capsule water injection pipe, water injection hole packer, and wherein pressure regulation water filling control desk is provided with water pressure gauge and water filling pressure regulating valve;
Ultrasonic type feeler is placed in boring, connects connecting link, simultaneously water injection pipe is entered in boring through water injection hole packer, promote water injection hole packer subsequently and enter boring and carry out sealing of hole;
3rd step: with the ultrasonic propagation time T of ultrasonic type feeler segmentation detection boring
First, ultrasonic type feeler is advanced 2m in boring; Operation pressure regulation water filling device, water under high pressure passes through capsule water injection pipe to pouring water into borehole, and water filling is in real time to keep hydraulic pressure basicly stable; Open ultrasound wave main control system, transmitting transducer in feeler is excited to produce ultrasound wave, ultrasound wave is propagated along the wall of a borehole, ultrasound wave main control system Timer starts timing, after receive MUT to be received to ultrasound wave, timer stops timing, now ultrasound wave main control system display ultrasonic propagation time T;
After having recorded, ultrasonic type feeler is continued to advance 2m, and repeat aforesaid operations step, circulation is carried out, until whole bore detecting terminates;
4th step: after working face extraction, utilize original boring according to the method described above again segmentation detection boring ultrasonic propagation time T;
5th step: detection data analysis
According to the time T of working face extraction forward and backward segmentation detection and transmitting, the distance l accepting transducer, calculate ultrasound wave velocity of propagation V in the borehole respectively:
Again respectively with velocity of propagation V for Y-axis, with drilling depth L for X-axis, drawing face back production forward and backward roof and floor V-L curve map;
Contrast working face extraction forward and backward V-L curve map Changing Pattern, draws workplace roof and floor cranny development rule.
With other to compared with fissure zone Detection Techniques in the adjoining rock of workplace goaf, the present invention has following advantage:
1, the evaluation index of the present invention using ultrasonic velocity as roof strata cranny development degree, utilize ultrasonic velocity with rock mass fracture growth increase and reduce characteristic, with tradition using leak number of dropouts as evaluation index detection method compared with, detection accuracy is high.
2, time the present invention detects at the scene in process, achieve sending and receiving ultrasound wave and automatically control and the automatic acquisition of correlation parameter, eliminating human factor little is as far as possible to the adverse effect of result of detection, and compared with traditional manual recording parameters, detection accuracy is high.
3, ultrasonic type detection instrument structure of the present invention is simple, weight is little, and at the scene in operating process, in boring, impelling ratio is lighter, quick, efficient, when especially growing for deep, detection operations face rock crack, more can highlight this type of advantage.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of embodiment, shows transmitting-receiving ultrasonic type overlying strata crack detection system deployment scenarios in figure;
Fig. 2 is water injection hole packer structural front view;
Fig. 3 is water injection hole packer structure side view.
Marginal data: 1-transmitting transducer; 2-sound insulation bar; 3-receiving transducer; 4-hollow connecting link; 5-ultrasound wave main control system; 6-communication cable; 7-water injection hole packer; 8-pressure regulation water filling device; 9-water injection regulating valve; 10-tensimeter; 11-capsule water injection pipe; 12-boring; 13-telecommunication cable passage; 14-capsule water injection pipe passage; 15-connecting link passage.
Embodiment
Composition graphs 1 describes specific embodiments of the invention in detail.
The first step: hole to top, goaf, base plate
Before working face extraction, in the tunnel near workplace, utilize geological drilling rig or underground drill rig to the boring 12 of pushing up, base plate drills through certain depth, the clear hole of water-filling after pore-forming;
Second step: assembling and layout ultrasonic type detection instrument
Ultrasonic type detection instrument is made up of ultrasonic type feeler, ultrasound wave main control system 5, hollow connecting link 4, telecommunication cable 6 and pressure regulation water filling device 8; So-called ultrasonic type feeler is a gapless sound insulation bar 2, long about the 2.0m of bar, upper end 10cm place apart from sound insulation bar 2 is fixed with transmitting transducer 1, lower end 10cm place apart from sound insulation bar 2 is fixed with receiving transducer 3, be screwed connector at the lower end of sound insulation bar 2, can be connected with hollow connecting link 4 by connector; So-called hollow connecting link 4 is formed by connecting by more piece gapless hollow stem, and hollow stem one end is provided with nut, and the other end is provided with stud, and more piece is interconnected; Ultrasound wave main control system 5 is connected with transmitting transducer 1 and receiving transducer 3 by telecommunication cable 6, to control hyperacousticly excite and receive and record ultrasonic propagation time; So-called pressure control water filling device 8 is made up of pressure regulation water filling control desk, capsule water injection pipe 11 and water injection hole packer 7, and wherein pressure regulation water filling control desk is provided with water pressure gauge 10 and water injection regulating valve 9; As shown in Figure 2,3, water injection hole packer 7 is provided with telecommunication cable passage 13, capsule water injection pipe passage 14 and connecting link passage 15 on capsule;
Ultrasonic type feeler is placed in boring 12, connect hollow connecting link 4, capsule water injection pipe 11 is entered in boring 12 through capsule water injection pipe passage 14, telecommunication cable 6 is through the telecommunication cable passage 13 in water injection hole packer 7 simultaneously, be connected with ultrasound wave main control system 5, manually promote water injection hole packer 7 subsequently and enter boring 12 and carry out sealing of hole;
3rd step: with the ultrasonic propagation time T of ultrasonic type feeler segmentation detection boring 12
First, ultrasonic type feeler is advanced 2.0m in boring; Operation pressure regulation water filling device 8, water under high pressure passes through capsule water injection pipe 11 to boring 12 water filling, and water filling is in real time to keep hydraulic pressure basicly stable; Open ultrasound wave main control system 5, transmitting transducer 1 in feeler lever is excited to produce ultrasound wave, ultrasound wave is propagated along the wall of a borehole, ultrasound wave main control system 5 Timer starts timing, after transducer 3 to be received receives ultrasound wave, timer stops timing, and now ultrasound wave main control system 5 shows ultrasonic propagation time T;
After having recorded, ultrasonic type feeler is advanced 2m, repeat aforesaid operations step, circulation is carried out, until whole bore detecting terminates;
4th step: after working face extraction, utilize original boring according to the method described above again segmentation detection boring ultrasonic propagation time T;
5th step: detection data analysis
According to the time T of working face extraction forward and backward segmentation detection and transmitting, the distance l accepting transducer, calculate ultrasound wave velocity of propagation V in the borehole respectively:
Again respectively with velocity of propagation V for Y-axis, take aperture as initial point, with drilling depth L for X-axis, drawing face back production forward and backward roof and floor V-L curve map;
Contrast working face extraction forward and backward V-L curve map Changing Pattern, draws workplace roof and floor cranny development rule.
Claims (1)
1., by a method for roof and floor deep, ultrasonic listening mine goaf rock crack, it is characterized in that,
The first step: hole to top, goaf, base plate
Before working face extraction, in the tunnel near workplace, geological drilling rig or underground drill rig is utilized to drill through boring, the clear hole of water-filling after pore-forming to top, base plate;
Second step: assembling and layout ultrasonic type detection instrument
Ultrasonic type detection instrument is made up of ultrasonic type feeler, ultrasound wave main control system, connecting link, telecommunication cable and pressure regulation water filling device; So-called ultrasonic type feeler is a gapless sound insulation bar, the long 2m of bar, upper end 10cm place apart from sound insulation bar is fixed with transmitting transducer, lower end 10cm place apart from sound insulation bar is fixed with receiving transducer, be screwed connector at the lower end of sound insulation bar, can be connected with connecting link by connector; So-called connecting link is formed by connecting by more piece gapless hollow stem, and hollow stem one end is provided with nut, and the other end is provided with stud, thus more piece gapless hollow stem is interconnected; Ultrasound wave main control system is connected with transmitting transducer and receiving transducer by telecommunication cable, to control hyperacousticly to excite, receive and record ultrasonic propagation time; So-called pressure control water filling device is made up of pressure regulation water filling control desk, capsule water injection pipe and water injection hole packer, and wherein pressure regulation water filling control desk is provided with water pressure gauge and water filling pressure regulating valve;
Ultrasonic type feeler is placed in boring, connects connecting link, simultaneously water injection pipe is entered in boring through water injection hole packer, promote water injection hole packer subsequently and enter boring and carry out sealing of hole;
3rd step: with the ultrasonic propagation time T of ultrasonic type feeler segmentation detection boring
First, ultrasonic type feeler is advanced 2m in boring; Operation pressure regulation water filling device, water under high pressure passes through capsule water injection pipe to pouring water into borehole, and water filling is in real time to keep hydraulic pressure basicly stable; Open ultrasound wave main control system, transmitting transducer in feeler is excited to produce ultrasound wave, ultrasound wave is propagated along the wall of a borehole, ultrasound wave main control system Timer starts timing, after receive MUT to be received to ultrasound wave, timer stops timing, now ultrasound wave main control system display ultrasonic propagation time T;
After having recorded, ultrasonic type feeler is advanced 2m, repeat aforesaid operations step, circulation is carried out, until whole bore detecting terminates;
4th step: after working face extraction, utilize original boring according to the method described above again segmentation detection boring ultrasonic propagation time T;
5th step: detection data analysis
According to the time T of working face extraction forward and backward segmentation detection and transmitting, the distance l accepting transducer, calculate ultrasound wave velocity of propagation V in the borehole respectively:
Again respectively with velocity of propagation V for Y-axis, with drilling depth L for X-axis, drawing face back production forward and backward roof and floor V-L curve map;
Contrast working face extraction forward and backward V-L curve map Changing Pattern, draws workplace roof and floor cranny development rule.
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| CN106950288A (en) * | 2017-05-03 | 2017-07-14 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Exhausted area prospecting device and method in a kind of hole scanned based on multiple frequency ultrasonic |
| CN105467010B (en) * | 2015-12-16 | 2018-04-06 | 山东科技大学 | Relaxation zone test system and method based on rock water coincidence effect in soft rock drilling |
| CN111691872A (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2020-09-22 | 北京科技大学 | Dynamic and accurate detection method for development range and degree of coal seam overlying strata fracture |
| CN113156506A (en) * | 2021-04-23 | 2021-07-23 | 广西路桥工程集团有限公司 | Tunnel advanced drilling detection device based on tube wave detection and use method thereof |
| CN114893145A (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2022-08-12 | 渭南陕煤启辰科技有限公司 | Water plugging device for drilling, and detection equipment and detection method for formation fracture crushing condition |
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| CN103790594B (en) * | 2014-02-26 | 2016-02-24 | 中铁一局集团有限公司 | A kind of shield construction detection and processing method in boulder hole, front |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105467010B (en) * | 2015-12-16 | 2018-04-06 | 山东科技大学 | Relaxation zone test system and method based on rock water coincidence effect in soft rock drilling |
| CN106227973A (en) * | 2016-08-04 | 2016-12-14 | 西北矿冶研究院 | Construction method for safety environment of open stope mining method |
| CN106950288A (en) * | 2017-05-03 | 2017-07-14 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Exhausted area prospecting device and method in a kind of hole scanned based on multiple frequency ultrasonic |
| CN111691872A (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2020-09-22 | 北京科技大学 | Dynamic and accurate detection method for development range and degree of coal seam overlying strata fracture |
| CN111691872B (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2021-10-12 | 北京科技大学 | Dynamic and accurate detection method for development range and degree of coal seam overlying strata fracture |
| CN113156506A (en) * | 2021-04-23 | 2021-07-23 | 广西路桥工程集团有限公司 | Tunnel advanced drilling detection device based on tube wave detection and use method thereof |
| CN114893145A (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2022-08-12 | 渭南陕煤启辰科技有限公司 | Water plugging device for drilling, and detection equipment and detection method for formation fracture crushing condition |
| CN114893145B (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2024-04-16 | 渭南陕煤启辰科技有限公司 | Water plugging device for drilling, stratum fracture crushing condition detection equipment and detection method |
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