Summary of the invention
For solving the problem, the invention provides the welding procedure of a kind of aluminium bronze and low-alloy steel.Mother metal and weld seam fuse well, and appearance of weld is attractive in appearance, and crackle tendency is low, and welding efficiency is high, and cost is lower.
The technical solution used in the present invention:
A welding procedure for aluminium bronze and low-alloy steel, comprises the following steps:
Step 1: welds prepares and a preheating, carefully clears up the moisture on aluminium bronze mother metal and low-alloy steel mother metal surface, grease, impurity and metal oxide film before welding, all will expose metallic luster; Then carry out preheating to aluminium bronze, low-alloy steel mother metal, preheat temperature is 250 DEG C ~ 300 DEG C, and cures welding rod, and bake out temperature is 200 DEG C ~ 250 DEG C, drying time 2h;
Step 2: built-up welding transition zone, built-up welding one deck transition zone on low alloy steel substrate is welded in welding rod arc, in welding rod arc built-up welding operation, electric current is 100 ~ 150A, voltage is 21 ~ 24V, speed of welding is 7 ~ 15cm/min, and interlayer temperature controls within the scope of 250 DEG C ~ 300 DEG C, by smooth for the transition zone surface finish of built-up welding after built-up welding completes;
Step 3: secondary preheating, by aluminium bronze, low-alloy steel mother metal and transition zone preheating together, preheat temperature is 150 DEG C ~ 200 DEG C;
Step 4: welding, metal argon arc welding is adopted to be welded to connect weld seam on transition zone, metal argon arc welding connects in operation, electric current is 200 ~ 260A, voltage is 22 ~ 25A, and speed of welding is 30 ~ 50cm/min, and interlayer temperature is at 150 DEG C ~ 250 DEG C, starting the arc during welding, receipts arc evenly, are as the criterion without delamination, pore, slag inclusion, crackle or incomplete fusion defect with welding bead;
Step 5: after welding treatment, after having welded, cover immediately by heat-preservation cotton, insulation slow cooling, cooling velocity is not more than 50 DEG C/h, gets product in less than 150 DEG C air after cooling.
Aluminium bronze material has the composition of following mass percentage: Al:5% ~ 15%, Ni:2% ~ 6%, Mn :≤5%, Cu: >=75%; Low-alloy steel material has the composition of following mass percentage: C :≤0.18%, Si :≤0.6%, Mn :≤2.5%, carbon equivalent Ceq≤0.45.
In step 2, the deposited metal composition scope of built-up welding transition zone welding rod is: Si≤1.5%, 6%≤Al≤10%, Fe≤8%, Pb≤0.02%, Cu >=80%.
In step 4, the deposited metal composition scope of the welding wire that metal argon arc welding adopts is: Mn≤15%, 1.5%≤Ni≤5%, 5%≤Al≤12%, Fe≤8%, Pb≤0.02%, Cu >=70%.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: adopt said welding method, the complete inspection weld appearance of welding, appearance of weld is good, does not find the defect such as crackle, pore, undercut, after 48 hours, butt welding comments test plate (panel) to carry out 100% penetrant inspection inspection, and welding point does not find any weld defect.
Detailed description of the invention
Following embodiment only for illustration of the present invention, but can not limit protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Shown in Fig. 1,2,3, the welding procedure of a kind of aluminium bronze and low-alloy steel, comprises the following steps:
Step 1: welds prepares and a preheating, carefully clears up the moisture on aluminium bronze mother metal 1 and low-alloy steel mother metal 2 surface, grease, impurity and metal oxide film before welding, all will expose metallic luster; Then carry out preheating to aluminium bronze, low-alloy steel mother metal 1,2, preheat temperature is 250 DEG C, and cures welding rod, and bake out temperature is 200 DEG C, drying time 2h;
Step 2: built-up welding transition zone 3, built-up welding one deck transition zone 3 on low alloy steel substrate is welded in welding rod arc, in welding rod arc built-up welding operation, electric current is 100A, voltage is 21V, speed of welding is 7cm/min, and interlayer temperature controls within the scope of 250 DEG C, by smooth for the transition zone surface finish of built-up welding after built-up welding completes;
Step 3: secondary preheating, by aluminium bronze, low-alloy steel mother metal 1,2 and transition zone 3 preheating together, preheat temperature is 150 DEG C;
Step 4: welding, adopt metal argon arc welding on transition zone, be welded to connect weld seam 4, metal argon arc welding connects in operation, electric current is 200A, voltage is 22A, and speed of welding is 30cm/min, and interlayer temperature is at 150 DEG C, starting the arc during welding, receipts arc evenly, are as the criterion without delamination, pore, slag inclusion, crackle or incomplete fusion defect with welding bead;
Step 5: after welding treatment, after having welded, cover immediately by heat-preservation cotton, insulation slow cooling, cooling velocity is not more than 50 DEG C/h, gets product in less than 150 DEG C air after cooling.
Aluminium bronze material has the composition of following mass percentage: Al:5% ~ 15%, Ni:2% ~ 6%, Mn :≤5%, Cu: >=75%; Low-alloy steel material has the composition of following mass percentage: C :≤0.18%, Si :≤0.6%, Mn :≤2.5%, carbon equivalent Ceq≤0.45.
In step 2, the deposited metal composition scope of built-up welding transition zone welding rod is: Si≤1.5%, 6%≤Al≤10%, Fe≤8%, Pb≤0.02%, Cu >=80%.
In step 4, the deposited metal composition scope of the welding wire that metal argon arc welding adopts is: Mn≤15%, 1.5%≤Ni≤5%, 5%≤Al≤12%, Fe≤8%, Pb≤0.02%, Cu >=70%.
Embodiment 2
Shown in Fig. 1,2,3, the welding procedure of a kind of aluminium bronze and low-alloy steel, comprises the following steps:
Step 1: welds prepares and a preheating, carefully clears up the moisture on aluminium bronze mother metal 1 and low-alloy steel mother metal 2 surface, grease, impurity and metal oxide film before welding, all will expose metallic luster; Then carry out preheating to aluminium bronze, low-alloy steel mother metal 1,2, preheat temperature is 280 DEG C, and cures welding rod, and bake out temperature is 225 DEG C, drying time 2h;
Step 2: built-up welding transition zone 3, built-up welding one deck transition zone 3 on low alloy steel substrate is welded in welding rod arc, in welding rod arc built-up welding operation, electric current is 125A, voltage is 23V, speed of welding is 11cm/min, and interlayer temperature controls within the scope of 280 DEG C, by smooth for the transition zone surface finish of built-up welding after built-up welding completes;
Step 3: secondary preheating, by aluminium bronze, low-alloy steel mother metal 1,2 and transition zone 3 preheating together, preheat temperature is 180 DEG C;
Step 4: welding, adopt metal argon arc welding on transition zone, be welded to connect weld seam 4, metal argon arc welding connects in operation, electric current is 230A, voltage is 23A, and speed of welding is 40cm/min, and interlayer temperature is at 200 DEG C, starting the arc during welding, receipts arc evenly, are as the criterion without delamination, pore, slag inclusion, crackle or incomplete fusion defect with welding bead;
Step 5: after welding treatment, after having welded, cover immediately by heat-preservation cotton, insulation slow cooling, cooling velocity is not more than 50 DEG C/h, gets product in less than 150 DEG C air after cooling.
Aluminium bronze material has the composition of following mass percentage: Al:5% ~ 15%, Ni:2% ~ 6%, Mn :≤5%, Cu: >=75%; Low-alloy steel material has the composition of following mass percentage: C :≤0.18%, Si :≤0.6%, Mn :≤2.5%, carbon equivalent Ceq≤0.45.
In step 2, the deposited metal composition scope of built-up welding transition zone welding rod is: Si≤1.5%, 6%≤Al≤10%, Fe≤8%, Pb≤0.02%, Cu >=80%.
In step 4, the deposited metal composition scope of the welding wire that metal argon arc welding adopts is: Mn≤15%, 1.5%≤Ni≤5%, 5%≤Al≤12%, Fe≤8%, Pb≤0.02%, Cu >=70%.
Embodiment 3
Shown in Fig. 1,2,3, the welding procedure of a kind of aluminium bronze and low-alloy steel, comprises the following steps:
Step 1: welds prepares and a preheating, carefully clears up the moisture on aluminium bronze mother metal 1 and low-alloy steel mother metal 2 surface, grease, impurity and metal oxide film before welding, all will expose metallic luster; Then carry out preheating to aluminium bronze, low-alloy steel mother metal 1,2, preheat temperature is 300 DEG C, and cures welding rod, and bake out temperature is 250 DEG C, drying time 2h;
Step 2: built-up welding transition zone 3, built-up welding one deck transition zone 3 on low alloy steel substrate is welded in welding rod arc, in welding rod arc built-up welding operation, electric current is 150A, voltage is 24V, speed of welding is 15cm/min, and interlayer temperature controls within the scope of 300 DEG C, by smooth for the transition zone surface finish of built-up welding after built-up welding completes;
Step 3: secondary preheating, by aluminium bronze, low-alloy steel mother metal 1,2 and transition zone 3 preheating together, preheat temperature is 200 DEG C;
Step 4: welding, adopt metal argon arc welding on transition zone, be welded to connect weld seam 4, metal argon arc welding connects in operation, electric current is 260A, voltage is 25A, and speed of welding is 50cm/min, and interlayer temperature is at 250 DEG C, starting the arc during welding, receipts arc evenly, are as the criterion without delamination, pore, slag inclusion, crackle or incomplete fusion defect with welding bead;
Step 5: after welding treatment, after having welded, cover immediately by heat-preservation cotton, insulation slow cooling, cooling velocity is not more than 50 DEG C/h, gets product in less than 150 DEG C air after cooling.
Aluminium bronze material has the composition of following mass percentage: Al:5% ~ 15%, Ni:2% ~ 6%, Mn :≤5%, Cu: >=75%; Low-alloy steel material has the composition of following mass percentage: C :≤0.18%, Si :≤0.6%, Mn :≤2.5%, carbon equivalent Ceq≤0.45.
In step 2, the deposited metal composition scope of built-up welding transition zone welding rod is: Si≤1.5%, 6%≤Al≤10%, Fe≤8%, Pb≤0.02%, Cu >=80%.
In step 4, the deposited metal composition scope of the welding wire that metal argon arc welding adopts is: Mn≤15%, 1.5%≤Ni≤5%, 5%≤Al≤12%, Fe≤8%, Pb≤0.02%, Cu >=70%.
Adopt said welding method, the complete inspection weld appearance of welding, appearance of weld is good, and do not find the defect such as crackle, pore, undercut, after 48 hours, butt welding comments test plate (panel) to carry out 100% penetrant inspection inspection, and welding point does not find any weld defect.
The welding procedure of aluminium bronze of the present invention and low-alloy steel, comprise a preheating and secondary preheating two warms, thermal stress can be reduced, avoid hardening cracking (because poor thermal conductivity of steel alloy), at twice preheating intermediate demand SMAW built-up welding transition zone, the effect of built-up welding transition zone: 1, be connected surface layer and mother metal; 2, dilute mother metal surface stress, prevent welding and cracking in using.Adopt metal argon arc welding to be welded to connect weld seam after secondary preheating on transition zone, in order to reduce bead crack, weld preheating, controls interlayer temperature, ensures that joint environment temperature is relatively higher, and postwelding needs to be incubated slow cooling.