CN104357025A - Black ionic liquid nanofluid as well as preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Black ionic liquid nanofluid as well as preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104357025A CN104357025A CN201410515634.0A CN201410515634A CN104357025A CN 104357025 A CN104357025 A CN 104357025A CN 201410515634 A CN201410515634 A CN 201410515634A CN 104357025 A CN104357025 A CN 104357025A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of solar heat utilization and discloses a black ionic liquid nanofluid used for high-temperature solar heat utilization as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The black ionic liquid nanofluid comprises carbon-coated metal nanoparticles and ionic liquid, wherein the carbon-coated metal nanoparticles are uniformly dispersed in the ionic liquid and are carbon-coated cobalt or nickel. The preparation method comprises the following steps: adding the carbon-coated metal nanoparticles into the ionic liquid, and ultrasonically dispersing to form uniform stable suspension liquid which is the black ionic liquid nanofluid. The black ionic liquid nanofluid has the advantages of high heat conduction coefficient, good heat collection performance, good stability and the like; little carbon-coated cobalt or nickel and no surfactant are added; the black ionic liquid nanofluid is environment-friendly; the preparation process is simple and low in cost; the black ionic liquid nanofluid can be used in the field of high-temperature solar heat utilization.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to solar energy utilization technique field, be specifically related to a kind of ionic liquid nano-fluid black liquor and preparation method thereof and application.
Background technology
The important component part that solar energy heating utilization develops as solar energy resources, becoming countries in the world can the important component part of energy sustainable development strategy.It is mainly divided into the low-grade utility of less than 200 DEG C and the medium and high temperature thermal utilization of more than 200 DEG C.Middle high temperature solar thermal utilization system mainly comprises the subsystems such as thermal-arrest, heat accumulation, heat exchange, power, generating, it is with a wide range of applications in fields such as sea water desaltination, building air conditioning, drying, heat generatings, and high-performance thermal-arrest medium and heat-transfer fluid are the key problem in technology that in sun power, high-temperature hot utilizes.
At present, thermal-arrest medium and heat-transfer fluid mainly adopt thermal oil and melting salt.The shortcoming of thermal oil there is temperature instability, easily decomposes carbonization and thermal conductivity is low; And the zero pour of melting salt is higher, be generally greater than 120 DEG C, easy blocking pipe in use procedure, need a set of heated protective system of extra increase to melt process to realize the change started with salt, add complicacy and the cost of system, and bring the defects such as difficult in maintenance.
To be a class be made up of specific organic cation and inorganic or organic anion ionic liquid under room temperature or nearly room temperature, present liquid molten salt system.Compared with above-mentioned heat-transfer fluid, ionic liquid not only has that fusing point is low, liquid journey is wide, volatilizees hardly, thermostability and good chemical stability, also has structure designability, can carry out performance of control according to needs by change zwitterion structure.And, due to ionic liquid have that density is high, thermal capacitance and the advantage such as energy storage density is large, it is the heat-transfer fluid of excellent property, its maximum operation (service) temperature can reach more than 300 DEG C, particularly in sun power, high-temperature hot utilizes field to have broad prospect of application, but the thermal conductivity of basic ionic liquid prepared by traditional method is lower, and heat transfer coefficient is little, photothermal deformation poor performance, limits it and further applies.
By by nano level metallics as gold ion, cupric oxide and aluminum oxide add in ionic liquid, the suspension nano-fluid of formation, its thermal conductivity ratio basis ionic liquid fluid is significantly improved.In existing ionic liquid nano-fluid, on the one hand, need to add tensio-active agent to improve the dispersing property of nanoparticle, but tensio-active agent non-refractory, easily decomposes, on the other hand, adding these nanoparticles can not make ionic liquid present black, is unfavorable for the photothermal deformation of sun power.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of ionic liquid nano-fluid black liquor;
Another object of the present invention is to the preparation method that above-mentioned ionic liquid nano-fluid black liquor is provided;
Another object of the present invention is the application providing above-mentioned ionic liquid nano-fluid black liquor.
Object of the present invention realizes especially by following technical proposals:
A kind of ionic liquid nano-fluid black liquor, be made up of carbon coated metal nanoparticle and ionic liquid, described carbon coated metal nanoparticle is dispersed in ionic liquid.
Described carbon coated metal nanoparticle is the nuclear shell structured nano-particle that carbon coated metal is formed, and shell is carbon material, and kernel is metallic substance, and the particle diameter of nanoparticle is less than 100nm.;
Preferably, described carbon coated metal nanoparticle is carbon parcel cobalt nanometer particle or carbon parcel nickel nano particle;
Preferably, the positively charged ion of described ionic liquid is imidazoles, is specially [BMIM]
+, [C
nmIM]
+, [C
nbIM]
+or [C
nhIM], 2≤n≤10; The negatively charged ion of described ionic liquid is [BF
4]
-, [PF
6]
-, [NTf
2]
-or [CF
3sO
3]
-;
Preferably, the massfraction of described carbon coated metal nanoparticle in ionic liquid nano-fluid black liquor is 0.001 ~ 0.1%.
The preparation method of above-mentioned ionic liquid nano-fluid black liquor, comprises the steps: carbon coated metal nanoparticle to add in ionic liquid, carries out ultrasonic disperse, form uniform and stable suspension, is described ionic liquid nano-fluid black liquor.
In the preparation method of above-mentioned ionic liquid nano-fluid black liquor:
Preferably, described carbon coated metal nanoparticle is carbon parcel cobalt nanometer particle or carbon parcel nickel nano particle;
Preferably, the positively charged ion of described ionic liquid is imidazoles, is specially [BMIM]
+, [C
nmIM]
+, [C
nbIM]
+or [C
nhIM], 2≤n≤10; The negatively charged ion of described ionic liquid is [BF
4]
-, [PF
6]
-, [NTf
2]
-or [CF
3sO
3]
-;
Preferably, the massfraction of described carbon coated metal nanoparticle in ionic liquid nano-fluid black liquor is 0.001 ~ 0.1%;
Preferably, the concrete operations of described ultrasonic disperse are: first use 200 ~ 300W power ultrasonic, 3 ~ 4h, then use 20 ~ 40W power ultrasonic, 2 ~ 4s, then leave standstill 2 ~ 6min;
Preferably, described ultrasonic disperse repeats 80 ~ 130 times.
Above-mentioned ionic liquid nano-fluid black liquor is applied to high-temperature hot in sun power and utilizes technical field;
Ionic liquid nano-fluid black liquor is when being applied to high-temperature hot in sun power and utilizing technical field, and use temperature can reach more than 200 DEG C.
The present invention has following advantage and effect relative to prior art:
(1) the ionic liquid nano-fluid black liquor that prepared by the present invention directly carbon is wrapped up cobalt nanometer particle or carbon parcel nickel nano particle and ionic liquid to carry out physical mixed, there is no chemical reaction, and carbon coated metal nanoparticle addition is few, thermal conductivity is high, solar collecting performance good, good stability.
(2) do not add tensio-active agent in ionic liquid nano-fluid black liquor of the present invention, there is environment friendly.
(3) preparation method's technique of the present invention is simple, with low cost.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Embodiment 1
A kind of ionic liquid nano-fluid black liquor, its preparation process is: be 0.001% carbon is wrapped up cobalt nanometer particle add ionic liquid [C by massfraction
2mIM] CF
3sO
3in, carry out ultrasonic disperse, the process of ultrasonic disperse is: first with 200W power ultrasonic dispersion 3h, and then with 20W power ultrasonic dispersion 2s, leave standstill 2min, repeat 90 times, forms uniform and stable suspension and is carbon parcel cobalt/[C
2mIM] CF
3sO
3ionic liquid nano-fluid black liquor.
Through measuring, this ionic liquid nano-fluid black liquor at room temperature can stable existence more than one month.When 200 DEG C, its thermal conductivity ratio [C
2mIM] CF
3sO
3the thermal conductivity of ionic liquid improves 4.1%.
Embodiment 2
A kind of ionic liquid nano-fluid black liquor, its preparation process is: be 0.001% carbon is wrapped up cobalt nanometer particle add ionic liquid [C by massfraction
4mIM] CF
3sO
3in, carry out ultrasonic disperse, the process of ultrasonic disperse is: first with 200W power ultrasonic dispersion 3h, and then with 20W power ultrasonic dispersion 2s, leave standstill 3min, repeat 100 times, forms uniform and stable suspension and is carbon parcel cobalt/[C
4mIM] CF
3sO
3ionic liquid nano-fluid black liquor.
Through measuring, this ionic liquid nano-fluid black liquor at room temperature can stable existence more than one month.When 220 DEG C, its thermal conductivity ratio [C
4mIM] CF
3sO
3the thermal conductivity of ionic liquid improves 4.6%.
Embodiment 3
A kind of ionic liquid nano-fluid black liquor, its preparation process is: be 0.004% carbon is wrapped up cobalt nanometer particle add ionic liquid [C by massfraction
8mIM] CF
3sO
3in, carry out ultrasonic disperse, the process of ultrasonic disperse is: first with 300W power ultrasonic dispersion 4h, and then with 40W power ultrasonic dispersion 4s, leave standstill 4min, repeat 110 times, forms uniform and stable suspension and is carbon parcel cobalt/[C
8mIM] CF
3sO
3ionic liquid nano-fluid black liquor.
Through measuring, this ionic liquid nano-fluid black liquor at room temperature can stable existence more than one month.When 240 DEG C, its thermal conductivity ratio [C
8mIM] CF
3sO
3the thermal conductivity of ionic liquid improves 6.3%.
Embodiment 4
A kind of ionic liquid nano-fluid black liquor, its preparation process is: be 0.004% carbon is wrapped up nickel nano particle add ionic liquid [C by massfraction
3bIM] NTf
2in, carry out ultrasonic disperse, the process of ultrasonic disperse is: first with 200W power ultrasonic dispersion 4h, and then with 30W power ultrasonic dispersion 2s, leave standstill 2min, repeat 90 times, forms uniform and stable suspension and is carbon parcel nickel/[C
3bIM] NTf
2ionic liquid nano-fluid black liquor.
Through measuring, this ionic liquid nano-fluid black liquor at room temperature can stable existence more than one month.When 260 DEG C, its thermal conductivity ratio [C
3bIM] NTf
2the thermal conductivity of ionic liquid improves 7.1%.
Embodiment 5
A kind of ionic liquid nano-fluid black liquor, its preparation process is: be 0.007% carbon is wrapped up nickel nano particle add ionic liquid [C by massfraction
3hIM] NTf
2in, carry out ultrasonic disperse, the process of ultrasonic disperse is: first with 300W power ultrasonic dispersion 3h, and then with 40W power ultrasonic dispersion 2s, leave standstill 3min, repeat 100 times, forms uniform and stable suspension and is carbon parcel nickel/[C
3hIM] NTf
2ionic liquid nano-fluid black liquor.
Through measuring, this ionic liquid nano-fluid black liquor at room temperature can stable existence more than 20 days.When 270 DEG C, its thermal conductivity ratio [C
3hIM] NTf
2the thermal conductivity of ionic liquid improves 8.2%.
Embodiment 6
A kind of ionic liquid nano-fluid black liquor, its preparation process is: be 0.007% carbon is wrapped up cobalt nanometer particle add ionic liquid [C by massfraction
3mIM] NTf
2in, carry out ultrasonic disperse, the process of ultrasonic disperse is: first with 200W power ultrasonic dispersion 4h, and then with 30W power ultrasonic dispersion 3s, leave standstill 4min, repeat 110 times, forms uniform and stable suspension and is carbon parcel cobalt/[C
3mIM] NTf
2ionic liquid nano-fluid black liquor.
Through measuring, this ionic liquid nano-fluid black liquor at room temperature can stable existence more than 20 days.When 280 DEG C, its thermal conductivity ratio [C
3mIM] NTf
2the thermal conductivity of ionic liquid improves 8.9%.
Embodiment 7
A kind of ionic liquid nano-fluid black liquor, its preparation process is: be 0.01% carbon is wrapped up nickel nano particle add ionic liquid [C by massfraction
4mIM] PF
6in, carry out ultrasonic disperse, the process of ultrasonic disperse is: first with 200W power ultrasonic dispersion 4h, and then with 20W power ultrasonic dispersion 4s, leave standstill 3min, repeat 90 times, forms uniform and stable suspension and is carbon parcel nickel/[C
4mIM] PF
6ionic liquid nano-fluid black liquor.
Through measuring, this ionic liquid nano-fluid black liquor at room temperature can stable existence more than 20 days.When 300 DEG C, its thermal conductivity ratio [C
4mIM] PF
6the thermal conductivity of ionic liquid improves 10.8%.
Embodiment 8
A kind of ionic liquid nano-fluid black liquor, its preparation process is: be 0.01% carbon is wrapped up cobalt nanometer particle add ionic liquid [C by massfraction
6mIM] PF
6in, carry out ultrasonic disperse, the process of ultrasonic disperse is: first with 300W power ultrasonic dispersion 4h, and then with 40W power ultrasonic dispersion 2s, leave standstill 3min, repeat 90 times, forms uniform and stable suspension and is carbon parcel cobalt/[C
6mIM] PF
6ionic liquid nano-fluid black liquor.
Through measuring, this ionic liquid nano-fluid black liquor at room temperature can stable existence more than 1 month.When 310 DEG C, its thermal conductivity ratio [C
6mIM] PF
6the thermal conductivity of ionic liquid improves 10.4%.
Embodiment 9
A kind of ionic liquid nano-fluid black liquor, its preparation process is: be 0.04% carbon is wrapped up nickel nano particle add ionic liquid [C by massfraction
8mIM] PF
6in, carry out ultrasonic disperse, the process of ultrasonic disperse is: first with 300W power ultrasonic dispersion 3h, and then with 20W power ultrasonic dispersion 3s, leave standstill 4min, repeat 120 times, forms uniform and stable suspension and is carbon parcel nickel/[C
8mIM] PF
6ionic liquid nano-fluid black liquor.
Through measuring, this ionic liquid nano-fluid black liquor at room temperature can stable existence more than 1 month.When 320 DEG C, its thermal conductivity ratio [C
8mIM] PF
6the thermal conductivity of ionic liquid improves 13.3%.
Embodiment 10
A kind of ionic liquid nano-fluid black liquor, its preparation process is: be 0.04% carbon is wrapped up nickel nano particle add ionic liquid [C by massfraction
10mIM] PF
6in, carry out ultrasonic disperse, the process of ultrasonic disperse is: first with 200W power ultrasonic dispersion 3.5h, and then with 20W power ultrasonic dispersion 2s, leave standstill 5min, repeat 100 times, forms uniform and stable suspension and is carbon parcel nickel/[C
10mIM] PF
6ionic liquid nano-fluid black liquor.
Through measuring, this ionic liquid nano-fluid black liquor at room temperature can stable existence more than 1 month.When 330 DEG C, its thermal conductivity ratio [C
10mIM] PF
6the thermal conductivity of ionic liquid improves 14.8%.
Embodiment 11
A kind of ionic liquid nano-fluid black liquor, its preparation process is: be 0.07% carbon is wrapped up cobalt nanometer particle add ionic liquid [C by massfraction
4mIM] BF
4in, carry out ultrasonic disperse, the process of ultrasonic disperse is: first with 300W power ultrasonic dispersion 3h, and then with 20W power ultrasonic dispersion 3s, leave standstill 4min, repeat 130 times, forms uniform and stable suspension and is carbon parcel cobalt/[C
4mIM] BF
4ionic liquid nano-fluid black liquor.
Through measuring, this ionic liquid nano-fluid black liquor at room temperature can stable existence more than 20 days.When 340 DEG C, its thermal conductivity ratio [C
4mIM] BF
4the thermal conductivity of ionic liquid improves 16.8%.
Embodiment 12
A kind of ionic liquid nano-fluid black liquor, its preparation process is: be 0.07% carbon is wrapped up nickel nano particle add ionic liquid [C by massfraction
6mIM] BF
4in, carry out ultrasonic disperse, the process of ultrasonic disperse is: first with 200W power ultrasonic dispersion 4h, and then with 30W power ultrasonic dispersion 2s, leave standstill 6min, repeat 120 times, forms uniform and stable suspension and is carbon parcel nickel/[C
6mIM] BF
4ionic liquid nano-fluid black liquor.
Through measuring, this ionic liquid nano-fluid black liquor at room temperature can stable existence more than 20 days.When 350 DEG C, its thermal conductivity ratio [C
6mIM] BF
4the thermal conductivity of ionic liquid improves 17.9%.
Embodiment 13
A kind of ionic liquid nano-fluid black liquor, its preparation process is: be 0.1% carbon is wrapped up cobalt nanometer particle add ionic liquid [C by massfraction
8mIM] BF
4in, carry out ultrasonic disperse, the process of ultrasonic disperse is: first with 250W power ultrasonic dispersion 3h, and then with 20W power ultrasonic dispersion 2s, leave standstill 2min, repeat 110 times, forms uniform and stable suspension and is carbon parcel cobalt/[C
8mIM] BF
4ionic liquid nano-fluid black liquor.
Through measuring, this ionic liquid nano-fluid black liquor at room temperature can stable existence more than 20 days.When 360 DEG C, its thermal conductivity ratio [C
8mIM] BF
4the thermal conductivity of ionic liquid improves 22.3%.
Embodiment 14
A kind of ionic liquid nano-fluid black liquor, its preparation process is: be 0.1% carbon is wrapped up nickel nano particle add ionic liquid [C by massfraction
10mIM] BF
4in, carry out ultrasonic disperse, the process of ultrasonic disperse is: first with 250W power ultrasonic dispersion 4h, and then with 25W power ultrasonic dispersion 2s, leave standstill 2min, repeat 120 times, forms uniform and stable suspension and is carbon parcel nickel/[C
10mIM] BF
4ionic liquid nano-fluid black liquor.
Through measuring, this ionic liquid nano-fluid black liquor at room temperature can stable existence more than 20 days.When 370 DEG C, its thermal conductivity ratio [C
10mIM] BF
4the thermal conductivity of ionic liquid improves 23.1%.
Above-described embodiment is the present invention's preferably embodiment; but embodiments of the present invention are not restricted to the described embodiments; change, the modification done under other any does not deviate from spirit of the present invention and principle, substitute, combine, simplify; all should be the substitute mode of equivalence, be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. an ionic liquid nano-fluid black liquor, is characterized in that: described ionic liquid nano-fluid black liquor is made up of carbon coated metal nanoparticle and ionic liquid, and described carbon coated metal nanoparticle is dispersed in ionic liquid.
2. ionic liquid nano-fluid black liquor according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described carbon coated metal nanoparticle is carbon parcel cobalt nanometer particle or carbon parcel nickel nano particle.
3. ionic liquid nano-fluid black liquor according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the positively charged ion of described ionic liquid is [BMIM]
+, [C
nmIM]
+, [C
nbIM]
+or [C
nhIM], 2≤n≤10; Negatively charged ion is [BF
4]
-, [PF
6]
-, [NTf
2]
-or [CF
3sO
3]
-.
4. ionic liquid nano-fluid black liquor according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the massfraction of described carbon coated metal nanoparticle in ionic liquid nano-fluid black liquor is 0.001 ~ 0.1%.
5. the preparation method of the ionic liquid nano-fluid black liquor according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, it is characterized in that comprising the steps: carbon coated metal nanoparticle to add in ionic liquid, carry out ultrasonic disperse, form uniform and stable suspension, be described ionic liquid nano-fluid black liquor.
6. the preparation method of ionic liquid nano-fluid black liquor according to claim 5, is characterized in that: described carbon coated metal nanoparticle is carbon parcel cobalt nanometer particle or carbon parcel nickel nano particle; The positively charged ion of described ionic liquid is [BMIM]
+, [C
nmIM]
+, [C
nbIM]
+or [C
nhIM], 2≤n≤10; Negatively charged ion is [BF
4]
-, [PF
6]
-, [NTf
2]
-or [CF
3sO
3]
-; The massfraction of described carbon coated metal nanoparticle in ionic liquid nano-fluid black liquor is 0.001 ~ 0.1%.
7. the preparation method of ionic liquid nano-fluid black liquor according to claim 5, is characterized in that: the concrete operations of described ultrasonic disperse are: first use 200 ~ 300W power ultrasonic, 3 ~ 4h, then uses 20 ~ 40W power ultrasonic, 2 ~ 4s, then leaves standstill 2 ~ 6min.
8. the preparation method of ionic liquid nano-fluid black liquor according to claim 5, is characterized in that: described ultrasonic disperse repeats 80 ~ 130 times.
9. the ionic liquid nano-fluid black liquor high-temperature hot in sun power according to any one of Claims 1 to 4 utilizes the application in technical field.
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Cited By (4)
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CN108929660A (en) * | 2018-07-03 | 2018-12-04 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of composition and its method for preparing nano-fluid |
CN114752362A (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2022-07-15 | 四川大学 | Nano-fluid type wide-temperature-zone heat conduction oil based on ionic liquid and preparation method |
CN114958307A (en) * | 2022-05-24 | 2022-08-30 | 西安交通大学 | Absorption type refrigeration working medium pair |
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2014
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN106928907A (en) * | 2017-02-23 | 2017-07-07 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of nano-fluid black liquor of high-temperature stable and preparation method and application |
CN106928907B (en) * | 2017-02-23 | 2020-06-19 | 华南理工大学 | High-temperature stable nanofluid black liquor and preparation method and application thereof |
CN108929660A (en) * | 2018-07-03 | 2018-12-04 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of composition and its method for preparing nano-fluid |
CN114752362A (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2022-07-15 | 四川大学 | Nano-fluid type wide-temperature-zone heat conduction oil based on ionic liquid and preparation method |
CN114958307A (en) * | 2022-05-24 | 2022-08-30 | 西安交通大学 | Absorption type refrigeration working medium pair |
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Application publication date: 20150218 |