CN104348379B - Metal nanowire composite material friction generator and manufacture method thereof - Google Patents

Metal nanowire composite material friction generator and manufacture method thereof Download PDF

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CN104348379B
CN104348379B CN201310313676.1A CN201310313676A CN104348379B CN 104348379 B CN104348379 B CN 104348379B CN 201310313676 A CN201310313676 A CN 201310313676A CN 104348379 B CN104348379 B CN 104348379B
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layer
structure sheaf
metal wire
metal
electrode
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CN104348379A (en
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赵豪
孙利佳
王竹
刘军锋
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Nano New Energy Tangshan Co Ltd
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Nano New Energy Tangshan Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of metal nanowire composite material friction generator and manufacture method thereof.This metal nanowire composite material friction generator includes: the first structure sheaf and the second structure sheaf, forms frictional interface between described first structure sheaf and the second structure sheaf；Described first structure sheaf and the second structure sheaf all include the Rotating fields as output electrode and the Rotating fields as frictional layer, wherein, in described first structure sheaf and described second structure sheaf any one or in both Rotating fields as frictional layer at least include the metal line layer being made up of metal wire basal layer and metal wire, described metal wire is formed at a side surface of described metal wire basal layer.The present invention uses the mode being provided with metal wire on metal wire basal layer, the position on the surface of metal wire basal layer with metal wire and the position without metal wire form micro-nano concaveconvex structure, the preparation method of this micro-nano structure is very simple, and the friction generator yield rate obtained is high.

Description

Metal nanowire composite material friction generator and manufacture method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of nanometer technology, more particularly, it relates to a kind of metal nanowire composite material friction Electromotor and manufacture method thereof.
Background technology
Along with modern life level improves constantly, rhythm of life is constantly accelerated, and occurs in that application is convenient, right The self power generation equipment that condition depended degree is low.Existing self power generation equipment is typically to utilize the piezoelectricity spy of material Property.Such as 2006, georgia ,U.S.A Institute of Technology professor Wang Zhonglin etc. was successfully at nanoscale model Convert mechanical energy into electric energy in enclosing, develop electromotor nano generator minimum in the world.
Phase mutual friction between object and object, can make object charged, and between object, fricative electricity is friction Electricity.Franklinic electricity is one of modal phenomenon of nature, but is because being difficult to Collection utilization and being left in the basket. If able to franklinic electricity be applied in self power generation equipment, bring the most just to the life of people Profit.
Use the friction generator of nanotechnology, due to self power generation and the self-driven character of its uniqueness, very may be used Critical effect can be played manufacturing and driving in self-powered nano-device and nanosystems device, be subject to Various countries research worker is more and more paid close attention to.And the electric energy that the friction generator with micro-nano structure produces Height, but micro-nano structure preparation process complex process, yield rate are low, so that the cost of friction generator High cost, is unfavorable for industrialization and the commercialization of friction generator.
Summary of the invention
The goal of the invention of the present invention is the defect for prior art, proposes a kind of metal nanowire composite material and rubs Wipe electromotor and manufacture method thereof, promote the yield rate of metal nanowire composite material friction generator.
The invention provides a kind of metal nanowire composite material friction generator, including: the first structure sheaf and the Two structure sheafs, form frictional interface between described first structure sheaf and the second structure sheaf；Described first structure Layer and the second structure sheaf all include the Rotating fields as output electrode and the Rotating fields as frictional layer, its In, in described first structure sheaf and described second structure sheaf any one or in both as the layer of frictional layer Structure at least includes the metal line layer being made up of metal wire basal layer and metal wire, and described metal wire is formed at One side surface of described metal wire basal layer.
Present invention also offers a kind of method manufacturing metal nanowire composite material friction generator, including: system The first step making the first structure sheaf, the second step manufacturing the second structure sheaf and by the first structure sheaf and Second structure sheaf is fixed together and forms the third step of frictional interface；Described first step and/or described Two steps at least include: form metal wire on the surface of metal wire basal layer.
The metal nanowire composite material friction generator of present invention offer and manufacture method thereof are for prior art Middle micro-nano structure makes the problem of difficulty, uses the mode being provided with metal wire on metal wire basal layer, The position on the surface of metal wire basal layer with metal wire and the position without metal wire are formed micro- Receiving concaveconvex structure, the preparation method of this micro-nano structure is very simple, and the friction generator yield rate obtained is high, Greatly reduce industrialization and the commercialization of the cost of friction generator, beneficially friction generator.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The three-dimensional knot of the embodiment one of the metal nanowire composite material friction generator that Fig. 1 a provides for the present invention Structure schematic diagram；
The cross section knot of the embodiment one of the metal nanowire composite material friction generator that Fig. 1 b provides for the present invention Structure schematic diagram；
The well shape structure of metal wire in the metal nanowire composite material friction generator that Fig. 2 provides for the present invention Schematic diagram；
The cross section structure of the embodiment two of the metal nanowire composite material friction generator that Fig. 3 provides for the present invention Schematic diagram；
The cross section structure of the embodiment three of the metal nanowire composite material friction generator that Fig. 4 provides for the present invention Schematic diagram；
The cross section structure of the embodiment four of the metal nanowire composite material friction generator that Fig. 5 provides for the present invention Schematic diagram；
The three-dimensional knot of the embodiment five of the metal nanowire composite material friction generator that Fig. 6 a provides for the present invention Structure schematic diagram；
The solid of the embodiment five of the metal nanowire composite material friction generator that Fig. 6 b provides for the present invention is divided From structural representation；
The cross section knot of the embodiment five of the metal nanowire composite material friction generator that Fig. 6 c provides for the present invention Structure schematic diagram；
The cross section structure of the embodiment six of the metal nanowire composite material friction generator that Fig. 7 provides for the present invention Schematic diagram；
The cross section structure of the embodiment seven of the metal nanowire composite material friction generator that Fig. 8 provides for the present invention Schematic diagram；
The cross section structure of the embodiment eight of the metal nanowire composite material friction generator that Fig. 9 provides for the present invention Schematic diagram；
The cross section knot of the embodiment nine of the metal nanowire composite material friction generator that Figure 10 provides for the present invention Structure schematic diagram；
The cross section knot of the embodiment ten of the metal nanowire composite material friction generator that Figure 11 provides for the present invention Structure schematic diagram；
The cross section of the embodiment 11 of the metal nanowire composite material friction generator that Figure 12 provides for the present invention Structural representation；
The cross section of the embodiment 12 of the metal nanowire composite material friction generator that Figure 13 provides for the present invention Structural representation；
The cross section of the embodiment 13 of the metal nanowire composite material friction generator that Figure 14 provides for the present invention Structural representation；
The cross section of the embodiment 14 of the metal nanowire composite material friction generator that Figure 15 provides for the present invention Structural representation；
The cross section of the embodiment 15 of the metal nanowire composite material friction generator that Figure 16 provides for the present invention Structural representation；
The cross section of the embodiment 16 of the metal nanowire composite material friction generator that Figure 17 provides for the present invention Structural representation.
Detailed description of the invention
For being fully understood by the purpose of the present invention, feature and effect, by following specific embodiment, right The present invention elaborates, but the present invention is not restricted to this.
The problem existed for prior art, the invention provides a kind of metal nanowire composite material triboelectricity Machine, including the first structure sheaf and the second structure sheaf, forms friction between the first structure sheaf and the second structure sheaf Interface.Wherein the first structure sheaf and the second structure sheaf all include the Rotating fields as output electrode and as rubbing Wipe any one in the Rotating fields of layer, and the first structure sheaf and the second structure sheaf or included in both The metal line layer being made up of metal wire basal layer and metal wire, gold is at least included as the Rotating fields of frictional layer Belong to line to be formed on the surface of metal wire basal layer.Owing to metal wire is micron order or nano level wire knot Structure, and metal wire basal layer is layer structure, has the position of metal wire on the surface of metal wire basal layer Putting and do not have the position formation micro-nano concaveconvex structure of metal wire, the preparation method of this micro-nano structure is the simplest Single, the friction generator yield rate obtained is high, greatly reduces the cost of friction generator, favorably Industrialization and commercialization in friction generator.Below will be multiple to metal wire by several specific embodiments The structure of condensation material friction generator describes in detail.
The three-dimensional knot of the embodiment one of the metal nanowire composite material friction generator that Fig. 1 a provides for the present invention Structure schematic diagram, the embodiment one of the metal nanowire composite material friction generator that Fig. 1 b provides for the present invention Cross section structure schematic diagram.As seen in figure la and lb, this metal nanowire composite material friction generator includes layer Folded the first electrode layer 11, high molecular polymer insulating barrier 12, metal line layer 13 and the second electrode arranged Layer 14, wherein the first electrode layer 11 and high molecular polymer insulating barrier 12 form the first structure sheaf, metal Line layer 13 and the second electrode lay 14 form the second structure sheaf.
First electrode layer 11 is arranged on the first side surface of high molecular polymer insulating barrier 12, macromolecule Second side surface of polymer insulation layer 12 is towards metal line layer 13, and contacts with metal line layer 13.Gold Belong to line layer 13 by metal wire basal layer 13a and the metal wire being formed on the surface of metal wire basal layer 13a 13b forms, and the second electrode lay 14 stacking is arranged under metal wire basal layer 13a, i.e. the second electrode lay 14 side surfaces without metal wire being arranged on metal wire basal layer 13a, and metal wire basal layer One side surface with metal wire of 13a is towards high molecular polymer insulating barrier 12, and and high molecular polymerization Thing insulating barrier 12 contacts.Alternatively, the first structure sheaf and the second structure sheaf are to be fixed on one by edge Rise.
In the present embodiment, the first electrode layer 11 is the Rotating fields in the first structure sheaf as output electrode, The second electrode lay 14 is the Rotating fields in the second structure sheaf as output electrode, the i.e. first electrode layer 11 He The second electrode lay 14 is respectively two output electrodes of friction generator.High molecular polymer insulating barrier 12 Being the Rotating fields as frictional layer in the first structure sheaf, metal line layer 13 is as rubbing in the second structure sheaf Wipe the Rotating fields of layer, between metal line layer 13 and high molecular polymer insulating barrier 12, form frictional interface. While high molecular polymer insulating barrier 12 contacts friction with metal wire 13b, also with metal wire basal layer 13a contacts friction.Metal wire 13b had both played and the effect of high molecular polymer insulating barrier 12 friction, also Increase degree of friction as micro-nano projection, make friction effect more preferably.Alternatively, high molecular polymer insulating barrier Second side surface (i.e. relative to the one side of metal line layer) of 12 can have micro-nano structure, is so formed Two surfaces of frictional interface all have micro-nano structure, and friction effect is more preferably.
As shown in Figure 1a, metal wire 13b is a kind of longitudinal stripe shape structure, and the present invention is not limited only to This, metal wire can also be the fringe-like structures in other direction such as horizontal or oblique.As in figure 2 it is shown, it is golden Belonging to line can also be well shape structure.Alternatively, metal wire can also be Z-shaped structure, interdigitated configuration, Diamond shaped structure or tyre tread shape structure.As a example by fringe-like structures, the shape of every kind of striped is according to gold The preparation method belonging to line is different and different.If using the method for coating or silk screen printing in metal wire substrate Coat on the surface of layer or print metal wire, then the cross section of the metal wire striped formed is rectangle, should The width of rectangle and be the most all nanoscale to micron order, preferably 500nm to 500 μm.If used Metal wire is embedded on the surface of metal wire basal layer by the method for hot pressing, then the metal wire formed The cross section of stricture of vagina is circular, a diameter of nanoscale of this circle to micron order, preferably 500nm to 500 μm. Spacing between the metal wire of these fringe-like structures be nanoscale to micron order, preferably 100nm is extremely 10mm。
The material of metal wire basal layer 13a can be polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or regeneration Polyethylene terephthalate (PETE), it is also possible to for the material of the existing metal line of hot compaction, example can be passed through Such as thermoplastic: polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA is commonly called as lucite), polrvinyl chloride (PVC), nylon (Nylon), Merlon (PC) and poly- Any one in urethane (PU).Metal wire basal layer 13a needs high temperature resistant more than 100 DEG C
The material of metal wire 13b can be metal or alloy, wherein metal be Au Ag Pt Pd, aluminum, Nickel, copper, titanium, chromium, selenium, ferrum, manganese, molybdenum, tungsten or vanadium；Alloy is aluminium alloy, titanium alloy, magnesium conjunction Gold, beryllium alloy, copper alloy, kirsite, manganese alloy, nickel alloy, metal, ashbury metal, cadmium alloy, Bismuth alloy, indium alloy, gallium alloy, tungsten alloy, molybdenum alloy, niobium alloy or tantalum alloy.
The material of the first electrode layer 11 and the second electrode lay 14 can be indium tin oxide, Graphene, silver Nano wire film, metal or alloy.Wherein metal be Au Ag Pt Pd, aluminum, nickel, copper, titanium, chromium, Selenium, ferrum, manganese, molybdenum, tungsten or vanadium；Alloy is aluminium alloy, titanium alloy, magnesium alloy, beryllium alloy, copper conjunction Gold, kirsite, manganese alloy, nickel alloy, metal, ashbury metal, cadmium alloy, bismuth alloy, indium alloy, Gallium alloy, tungsten alloy, molybdenum alloy, niobium alloy or tantalum alloy.Alternatively, the first electrode layer 11 and/or The second electrode lay 14 is arranged on electrode basement layer, is provided with electrode basement on the i.e. first electrode layer 11 Layer, and/or, the second electrode lay 14 be arranged with electrode basement layer.
The material of high molecular polymer insulating barrier 12 can be that Kapton, aniline-formaldehyde resin are thin Film, polyformaldehyde thin film, ethyl cellulose film, polyamide film, melamino-formaldehyde thin film, poly-second Glycol succinate thin film, cellulose membrane, cellulose acetate film, 10PE27 are thin Film, polydiallyl phthalate thin film, regeneration sponge films, elastic polyurethane body thin film, Styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer copolymer film, styrene-butadiene-copolymer thin film, staple fibre thin film, poly-methyl Thin film, methacrylic acid ester film, polyvinyl alcohol film, polyvinyl alcohol film, mylar, poly-different Butylene thin film, polyurethane flexible sponge films, pet film, polyvinyl alcohol contract Butyral film, formaldehyde-phenol thin film, neoprene thin film, butadiene-propylene copolymer thin film, natural rubber In glue thin film, polyacrylonitrile thin film, acrylonitrile vinyl chloride film and polyethylene the third diphenol carbonate thin film Any one.
Introduce the operation principle of the metal nanowire composite material friction generator of the present embodiment in detail below: High molecular polymer insulation when each layer generation mechanical deformation of this friction generator, in friction generator The surface phase mutual friction of layer and metal line layer produces electrostatic charge, and electrostatic charge induces electricity on two electrode layers Lotus, thus cause, between the first electrode layer and the second electrode lay, electric potential difference occurs.Due to the first electrode layer and The existence of electric potential difference between the second electrode lay, free electron will be flowed to by the side that electromotive force is low by external circuit The side that electromotive force is high, thus in external circuit, form electric current.When each layer of this friction generator returns to former When carrying out state, the built-in potential being at this moment formed between the first electrode layer and the second electrode lay disappears, the most Reverse electric potential difference, then free electron will be again produced between first electrode layer and the second electrode lay of balance Reverse current is formed by external circuit.By repeatedly rubbing and recovering, it is possible to form week in external circuit The alternating current of phase property.
The manufacture method of the metal nanowire composite material friction generator of the present embodiment can comprise the following steps that
1) first step: manufacture the first structure sheaf.
The modes such as evaporation, ion sputtering are used to prepare the first electrode layer；Then, the first electrode layer is scraped It is coated with certain thickness macromolecule polymer solution, curing molding, obtains the first structure sheaf.
2) second step: manufacture the second structure sheaf.
Prepare metal paste, use the method for coating or silk screen printing by metal paste coating or to be printed on gold Belong on the surface of line basal layer, form metal wire；Or, use the method for hot pressing to be embedded into by metal wire On the surface of metal wire basal layer；Then, the technology such as evaporation, ion sputtering are used to prepare the second electrode lay.
3) third step: be fixed together formation friction by the edge of the first structure sheaf and the second structure sheaf Interface, makes the first structure sheaf and the contact of the second structure sheaf and can rub.
As another embodiment, remove the metal nanowire composite material triboelectricity shown in Fig. 1 a and 1b High molecular polymer insulating barrier in machine is also feasible structure.That is, the first structure sheaf includes the first electrode Layer, the second structure sheaf is identical with Fig. 1 a and 1b.Wherein, conduct during the first electrode layer is the first structure sheaf The Rotating fields of output electrode, the second electrode lay is the Rotating fields in the second structure sheaf as output electrode.The One electrode layer is the most also the Rotating fields in the first structure sheaf as frictional layer, and metal line layer is the second structure As the Rotating fields of frictional layer in Ceng.In such an embodiment, formed between the first electrode layer and metal line layer Frictional interface.
The cross section structure of the embodiment two of the metal nanowire composite material friction generator that Fig. 3 provides for the present invention Schematic diagram.As it is shown on figure 3, the difference of the present embodiment and embodiment one is, this metal wire is combined Material friction electromotor does not has the second electrode lay, metal wire 13b to be as output electrode in the second structure sheaf Rotating fields, the i.e. first electrode layer 11 and metal wire 13b are respectively two of friction generator output electricity Pole.
Due to output electrode, therefore a metal wire in the present embodiment that metal wire 13b is friction generator 13b is preferably capable being formed the structure of path, so can induce more electric charge when friction, enter And improve generating efficiency.
Other Rotating fields of the present embodiment is identical with embodiment one, repeats no more.Metal wire basal layer 13a, The material of metal wire 13b, the first electrode layer 11 and high molecular polymer insulating barrier 12 also can be found in enforcement The description of example one.
The manufacture method of the metal nanowire composite material friction generator of the present embodiment can comprise the following steps that
1) first step: manufacture the first structure sheaf.
The modes such as evaporation, ion sputtering are used to prepare the first electrode layer；Then, the first electrode layer is scraped It is coated with certain thickness macromolecule polymer solution, curing molding, obtains the first structure sheaf.
2) second step: manufacture the second structure sheaf.
Prepare metal paste, use the method for coating or silk screen printing by metal paste coating or to be printed on gold Belong on the surface of line basal layer, form metal wire；Or, use the method for hot pressing to be embedded into by metal wire On the surface of metal wire basal layer.
3) third step: be fixed together formation friction by the edge of the first structure sheaf and the second structure sheaf Interface, makes the first structure sheaf and the contact of the second structure sheaf and can rub.
As another embodiment, remove in the metal nanowire composite material friction generator shown in Fig. 3 High molecular polymer insulating barrier is also feasible structure.That is, the first structure sheaf includes the first electrode layer, the Two structure sheafs are identical with Fig. 3.Wherein, as the layer of output electrode during the first electrode layer is the first structure sheaf Structure, metal wire is the Rotating fields in the second structure sheaf as output electrode.First electrode layer is the most also As the Rotating fields of frictional layer in first structure sheaf, metal line layer is as frictional layer in the second structure sheaf Rotating fields.In such an embodiment, frictional interface is formed between the first electrode layer and metal line layer.
The cross section structure of the embodiment three of the metal nanowire composite material friction generator that Fig. 4 provides for the present invention Schematic diagram.As shown in Figure 4, this metal nanowire composite material friction generator includes the first electricity that stacking is arranged Pole layer 21, between two parties thin layer 22, metal line layer 23 and the second electrode lay 24, wherein the first electrode layer 21 is the first structure sheaf, and thin layer 22, metal line layer 23 and the second electrode lay 24 form second between two parties Structure sheaf.
Metal line layer 23 is by metal wire basal layer 23a and the gold being formed on metal wire basal layer 23a surface Belonging to line 23b composition, thin layer 22 is formed on metal wire 23b between two parties, and thin layer 22 is corresponding between two parties In the position of metal wire 23b, there is bulge-structure.The second electrode lay 24 stacking is arranged on metal wire substrate Under layer 23a.What i.e. the second electrode lay 24 was arranged on metal wire basal layer 23a does not has the one of metal wire Side surface, and thin layer 22 is arranged on the side table with metal wire of metal wire basal layer 23a between two parties Face.First electrode layer 21 is towards thin layer 22 between two parties, and contacts with thin layer 22 between two parties.Alternatively, First structure sheaf and the second structure sheaf are fixed together by edge.
In the present embodiment, the first electrode layer 21 is the Rotating fields in the first structure sheaf as output electrode, The second electrode lay 24 is the Rotating fields in the second structure sheaf as output electrode, the i.e. first electrode layer 21 He The second electrode lay 24 is respectively two output electrodes of friction generator.First electrode layer 21 is the most simultaneously As the Rotating fields of frictional layer in first structure sheaf, thin layer 22 and metal line layer 23 are the second knot between two parties As the Rotating fields of frictional layer in structure layer, between the first electrode layer 21 and between two parties thin layer 22, form friction Interface.
Metal wire 23b shown in Fig. 4 is a kind of longitudinal stripe shape structure, and the present invention is not limited only to this, The concrete structure of metal wire and size, spacing all can be found in the description of embodiment one.
In the present embodiment, metal wire basal layer 23a, metal wire 23b, the first electrode layer 21 and the second electricity The material of pole layer 24 also can be found in the description of embodiment one.Alternatively, the first electrode layer 21 and/or second Electrode layer 24 is arranged on electrode basement layer, is provided with electrode basement layer on the i.e. first electrode layer 21, And/or, the second electrode lay 24 be arranged with electrode basement layer.
The material of thin layer 22 can be Kapton, aniline-formaldehyde resin thin film, poly-first between two parties Aldehyde thin film, ethyl cellulose film, polyamide film, melamino-formaldehyde thin film, Polyethylene Glycol fourth two Acid esters thin film, cellulose membrane, cellulose acetate film, 10PE27 thin film, poly-neighbour Dially phthalate thin film, regeneration sponge films, elastic polyurethane body thin film, styrene third Alkene copolymer thin film, styrene-butadiene-copolymer thin film, staple fibre thin film, poly-methyl thin film, first Base acylate film, polyvinyl alcohol film, polyvinyl alcohol film, mylar, polyisobutylene thin film, Polyurethane flexible sponge films, pet film, polyvinyl butyral film, Formaldehyde-phenol thin film, neoprene thin film, butadiene-propylene copolymer thin film, natural rubber films, poly- Any one in acrylonitrile film, acrylonitrile vinyl chloride film and polyethylene the third diphenol carbonate thin film.
The bulge-structure formed on thin layer 22 between two parties is micro-nano bulge-structure, in this micro-nano bulge-structure The highly preferred of projection is 1 μm to 100 μm, and the spacing between projection is preferably 100nm to 10mm. The thickness of thin layer 22 is preferably 500nm to 500 μm between two parties.
Introduce the operation principle of the metal nanowire composite material friction generator of the present embodiment in detail below: When each layer generation mechanical deformation of this friction generator, the first electrode layer in friction generator and between two parties The surface phase mutual friction of thin layer produces electrostatic charge, and electrostatic charge induces electric charge on two electrode layers, from And cause, between the first electrode layer and the second electrode lay, electric potential difference occurs.Due to the first electrode layer and the second electricity The existence of electric potential difference between the layer of pole, free electron is high by being flowed to electromotive force by external circuit by the side that electromotive force is low Side, thus in external circuit formed electric current.When each layer of this friction generator returns to original state Time, the built-in potential being at this moment formed between the first electrode layer and the second electrode lay disappears, the most Balanced To again produce reverse electric potential difference between first electrode layer and the second electrode lay, then free electron is by outward Circuit forms reverse current.By repeatedly rubbing and recovering, it is possible to formed periodically in external circuit Alternating current.
The manufacture method of the metal nanowire composite material friction generator of the present embodiment can comprise the following steps that
1) first step: manufacture the first structure sheaf.
The modes such as evaporation, ion sputtering are used to prepare the first electrode layer.
2) second step: manufacture the second structure sheaf.
Prepare metal paste, use the method for coating or silk screen printing by metal paste coating or to be printed on gold Belong on the surface of line basal layer, form metal wire；Or, use the method for hot pressing to be embedded into by metal wire On the surface of metal wire basal layer；Then, rotary coating, blade coating, silk screen printing or electrostatic spraying are used Etc. method the material of above-mentioned formation thin layer between two parties is coated in the metal wire that has of metal wire basal layer On one side surface, form the thin layer between two parties with micro-nano bulge-structure；Finally, evaporation, ion are used The modes such as sputtering prepare the second electrode lay.
3) third step: be fixed together formation friction by the edge of the first structure sheaf and the second structure sheaf Interface, makes the first structure sheaf and the contact of the second structure sheaf and can rub.
The cross section structure of the embodiment four of the metal nanowire composite material friction generator that Fig. 5 provides for the present invention Schematic diagram.As it is shown in figure 5, the difference of the present embodiment and embodiment three is, this metal wire is combined Material friction electromotor does not has the second electrode lay, metal wire 23b to be as output electrode in the second structure sheaf Rotating fields, the i.e. first electrode layer 21 and metal wire 23b are respectively two of friction generator output electricity Pole.
Due to output electrode, therefore a metal wire in the present embodiment that metal wire 23b is friction generator 23b is preferably capable being formed the structure of path, so can induce more electric charge when friction, enter And improve generating efficiency.
Other Rotating fields of the present embodiment is identical with embodiment three with available material, repeats no more.
The manufacture method of the metal nanowire composite material friction generator of the present embodiment can comprise the following steps that
1) first step: manufacture the first structure sheaf.
The modes such as evaporation, ion sputtering are used to prepare the first electrode layer.
2) second step: manufacture the second structure sheaf.
Prepare metal paste, use the method for coating or silk screen printing by metal paste coating or to be printed on gold Belong on the surface of line basal layer, form metal wire；Or, use the method for hot pressing to be embedded into by metal wire On the surface of metal wire basal layer；Then, rotary coating, blade coating, silk screen printing or electrostatic spraying are used Etc. method the material of above-mentioned formation thin layer between two parties is coated in the metal wire that has of metal wire basal layer On one side surface, form the thin layer between two parties with micro-nano bulge-structure.
3) third step: be fixed together formation friction by the edge of the first structure sheaf and the second structure sheaf Interface, makes the first structure sheaf and the contact of the second structure sheaf and can rub.
The three-dimensional knot of the embodiment five of the metal nanowire composite material friction generator that Fig. 6 a provides for the present invention Structure schematic diagram, the embodiment five of the metal nanowire composite material friction generator that Fig. 6 b provides for the present invention Three-dimensional isolating construction schematic diagram, the metal nanowire composite material friction generator that Fig. 6 c provides for the present invention The cross section structure schematic diagram of embodiment five.As shown in Fig. 6 a, 6b and 6c, this metal nanowire composite material rubs Wipe the first electrode layer 31 that electromotor includes that stacking arranges, high molecular polymer insulating barrier 32, the thinnest Film layer 33, metal line layer 34 and the second electrode lay 35, wherein the first electrode layer 31 and high molecular polymerization Thing insulating barrier 32 forms the first structure sheaf, between two parties thin layer 33, metal line layer 34 and the second electrode lay 35 composition the second structure sheafs.
First electrode layer 31 is arranged on the first side surface of high molecular polymer insulating barrier 32, macromolecule Second side surface of polymer insulation layer 32 is towards thin layer 33 between two parties, and contacts with thin layer 33 between two parties. Metal line layer 34 is by metal wire basal layer 34a and the gold being formed on metal wire basal layer 34a mono-side surface Belonging to line 34b composition, thin layer 33 is formed on metal wire 34b between two parties, and thin layer 33 is corresponding between two parties In the position of metal wire 34b, there is bulge-structure.The second electrode lay 35 stacking is arranged on metal wire substrate Under layer 34a.What i.e. the second electrode lay 35 was arranged on metal wire basal layer 34a does not has the one of metal wire Side surface, and thin layer 33 is arranged on the side table with metal wire of metal wire basal layer 34a between two parties Face.Alternatively, the first structure sheaf and the second structure sheaf are fixed together by edge.
In the present embodiment, the first electrode layer 31 is the Rotating fields in the first structure sheaf as output electrode, The second electrode lay 35 is the Rotating fields in the second structure sheaf as output electrode, the i.e. first electrode layer 31 He The second electrode lay 35 is respectively two output electrodes of friction generator.High molecular polymer insulating barrier 32 Being the Rotating fields as frictional layer in the first structure sheaf, thin layer 33 and metal line layer 34 are second between two parties As the Rotating fields of frictional layer in structure sheaf, high molecular polymer insulating barrier 32 and thin layer 33 between two parties it Between formed frictional interface.Alternatively, the second side surface of high molecular polymer insulating barrier 32 is (the most relative One side in thin layer between two parties) can have micro-nano structure, so form two surfaces of frictional interface all Having micro-nano structure, friction effect is more preferably.
Metal wire 34b shown in Fig. 6 a to Fig. 6 c is a kind of longitudinal stripe shape structure, and the present invention is not only Being limited to this, the concrete structure of metal wire and size, spacing all can be found in the description of embodiment one.
In the present embodiment, metal wire basal layer 34a, metal wire 34b, first electrode layer the 31, second electricity The material of pole layer 35 and high molecular polymer insulating barrier 32 can be found in the description of embodiment one.Thin film between two parties The material of layer 33 can be found in the description of embodiment three.Alternatively, the first electrode layer 31 and/or the second electrode Layer 35 is arranged on electrode basement layer, is provided with electrode basement layer on the i.e. first electrode layer 31, and/ Or, the second electrode lay 35 be arranged with electrode basement layer.
The bulge-structure formed on thin layer 33 between two parties is micro-nano bulge-structure, in this micro-nano bulge-structure The highly preferred of projection is 1 μm to 100 μm, and the spacing between projection is preferably 100nm to 10mm. The thickness of thin layer 33 is preferably 500nm to 500 μm between two parties.
Introduce the operation principle of the metal nanowire composite material friction generator of the present embodiment in detail below: High molecular polymer insulation when each layer generation mechanical deformation of this friction generator, in friction generator The surface phase mutual friction of layer and between two parties thin layer produces electrostatic charge, and electrostatic charge induces on two electrode layers Electric charge, thus cause, between the first electrode layer and the second electrode lay, electric potential difference occurs.Due to the first electrode layer And the existence of electric potential difference between the second electrode lay, free electron by by external circuit by the low effluent of electromotive force To the side that electromotive force is high, thus in external circuit, form electric current.When each layer of this friction generator returns to During original state, the built-in potential being at this moment formed between the first electrode layer and the second electrode lay disappears, now To again produce reverse electric potential difference between Balanced first electrode layer and the second electrode lay, then the most electric Son forms reverse current by external circuit.By repeatedly rubbing and recovering, it is possible to formed in external circuit Periodically alternating current.
The manufacture method of the metal nanowire composite material friction generator of the present embodiment can comprise the following steps that
1) first step: manufacture the first structure sheaf.
The modes such as evaporation, ion sputtering are used to prepare the first electrode layer；Then, the first electrode layer is scraped It is coated with certain thickness macromolecule polymer solution, curing molding, obtains the first structure sheaf.
2) second step: manufacture the second structure sheaf.
Prepare metal paste, use the method for coating or silk screen printing by metal paste coating or to be printed on gold Belong on the surface of line basal layer, form metal wire；Or, use the method for hot pressing to be embedded into by metal wire On the surface of metal wire basal layer；Then, rotary coating, blade coating, silk screen printing or electrostatic spraying are used Etc. method the material of above-mentioned formation thin layer between two parties is coated in the metal wire that has of metal wire basal layer On one side surface, form the thin layer between two parties with micro-nano bulge-structure；Finally, evaporation, ion are used The modes such as sputtering prepare the second electrode lay.
3) third step: be fixed together formation friction by the edge of the first structure sheaf and the second structure sheaf Interface, makes the first structure sheaf and the contact of the second structure sheaf and can rub.
The cross section structure of the embodiment six of the metal nanowire composite material friction generator that Fig. 7 provides for the present invention Schematic diagram.As it is shown in fig. 7, the difference of the present embodiment and embodiment five is, this metal wire is combined Material friction electromotor does not has the second electrode lay, metal wire 34b to be as output electrode in the second structure sheaf Rotating fields, the i.e. first electrode layer 31 and metal wire 34b are respectively two of friction generator output electricity Pole.
Due to output electrode, therefore a metal wire in the present embodiment that metal wire 34b is friction generator 34b is preferably capable being formed the structure of path, so can induce more electric charge when friction, enter And improve generating efficiency.
Other Rotating fields of the present embodiment is identical with embodiment five with available material, repeats no more.
The manufacture method of the metal nanowire composite material friction generator of the present embodiment can comprise the following steps that
1) first step: manufacture the first structure sheaf.
The modes such as evaporation, ion sputtering are used to prepare the first electrode layer；Then, the first electrode layer is scraped It is coated with certain thickness macromolecule polymer solution, curing molding, obtains the first structure sheaf.
2) second step: manufacture the second structure sheaf.
Prepare metal paste, use the method for coating or silk screen printing by metal paste coating or to be printed on gold Belong on the surface of line basal layer, form metal wire；Or, use the method for hot pressing to be embedded into by metal wire On the surface of metal wire basal layer；Then, rotary coating, blade coating, silk screen printing or electrostatic spraying are used Etc. method the material of above-mentioned formation thin layer between two parties is coated in the metal wire that has of metal wire basal layer On one side surface, form the thin layer between two parties with micro-nano bulge-structure.
3) third step: be fixed together formation friction by the edge of the first structure sheaf and the second structure sheaf Interface, makes the first structure sheaf and the contact of the second structure sheaf and can rub.
The cross section structure of the embodiment seven of the metal nanowire composite material friction generator that Fig. 8 provides for the present invention Schematic diagram.As shown in Figure 8, this metal nanowire composite material friction generator includes the first electricity that stacking is arranged Pole layer the 41, first metal line layer 42, high molecular polymer insulating barrier 43, between two parties thin layer 44, second Metal line layer 45 and the second electrode lay 46.Wherein the first electrode layer the 41, first metal line layer 42 and height Molecularly Imprinted Polymer insulating barrier 43 forms the first structure sheaf, between two parties thin layer the 44, second metal line layer 45 and The second electrode lay 46 forms the second structure sheaf.First structure sheaf of the friction generator shown in Fig. 8 and Two structure sheafs are symmetrical structures.
First metal line layer 42 is by the first metal wire basal layer 42a and is formed at the first metal wire basal layer The first metal wire 42b composition on 42a mono-side surface, high molecular polymer insulating barrier 43 is formed at first Under metal wire 42b, high molecular polymer insulating barrier 43 is corresponding to the position tool of the first metal wire 42b There is bulge-structure.First electrode layer 41 is arranged on the first metal wire basal layer 42a.I.e. first electricity Pole layer 41 is arranged on a side surface without metal wire of the first metal wire basal layer 42a, and high score Sub-polymer insulation layer 43 is arranged on a side surface with metal wire of the first metal wire basal layer 42a. Second metal line layer 45 is by the second metal wire basal layer 45a and is formed at the second metal wire basal layer 45a The second metal wire 45b composition on one side surface, thin layer 44 is formed at the second metal wire 45b between two parties On, thin layer 44 has bulge-structure corresponding to the position of the second metal wire 45b between two parties.Second electricity Pole layer 46 is arranged under the second metal wire basal layer 45a.I.e. the second electrode lay 46 is arranged on the second gold medal Belong to a side surface without metal wire of line basal layer 45a, and thin layer 44 is arranged on second between two parties One side surface with metal wire of metal wire basal layer 45a.High molecular polymer insulating barrier 43 towards Thin layer 44 between two parties, and contact with thin layer 44 between two parties.Alternatively, the first structure sheaf and the second structure Layer is fixed together by edge.
In the present embodiment, the first electrode layer 41 is the Rotating fields in the first structure sheaf as output electrode, The second electrode lay 46 is the Rotating fields in the second structure sheaf as output electrode, the i.e. first electrode layer 41 He The second electrode lay 46 is respectively two output electrodes of friction generator.First metal line layer 42 and high score Sub-polymer insulation layer 43 is the Rotating fields in the first structure sheaf as frictional layer, thin layer 44 He between two parties Second metal line layer 45 is the Rotating fields in the second structure sheaf as frictional layer, and high molecular polymer insulate Frictional interface is formed between layer 43 and between two parties thin layer 44.
In the present embodiment, the first metal wire 42b and the concrete structure of the second metal wire 45b and size, Away from the description that all can be found in embodiment one.
First metal wire basal layer 42a, the first metal wire 42b, the second metal wire basal layer 45a, second Metal wire 45b, the first electrode layer 41, the second electrode lay 46, the material of high molecular polymer insulating barrier 43 Material can be found in the description of embodiment one, and the material of thin layer 44 can be found in the description of embodiment three between two parties. Alternatively, the first electrode layer 41 and/or the second electrode lay 46 are arranged on electrode basement layer, the i.e. first electricity Be provided with electrode basement layer on pole layer 41, and/or, the second electrode lay 46 be arranged with electrode basement Layer.
The bulge-structure formed on high molecular polymer insulating barrier 43 and between two parties thin layer 44 is that micro-nano is protruding Structure, the highly preferred of this micro-nano bulge-structure protrusions is 1 μm to 100 μm, the spacing between projection It is preferably 100nm to 10mm.The thickness of high molecular polymer insulating barrier 43 and between two parties thin layer 44 is excellent Elect 500nm to 500 μm as.
Introduce the operation principle of the metal nanowire composite material friction generator of the present embodiment in detail below: High molecular polymer insulation when each layer generation mechanical deformation of this friction generator, in friction generator The surface phase mutual friction of layer and between two parties thin layer produces electrostatic charge, and electrostatic charge induces on two electrode layers Electric charge, thus cause, between the first electrode layer and the second electrode lay, electric potential difference occurs.Due to the first electrode layer And the existence of electric potential difference between the second electrode lay, free electron by by external circuit by the low effluent of electromotive force To the side that electromotive force is high, thus in external circuit, form electric current.When each layer of this friction generator returns to During original state, the built-in potential being at this moment formed between the first electrode layer and the second electrode lay disappears, now To again produce reverse electric potential difference between Balanced first electrode layer and the second electrode lay, then the most electric Son forms reverse current by external circuit.By repeatedly rubbing and recovering, it is possible to formed in external circuit Periodically alternating current.
The manufacture method of the metal nanowire composite material friction generator of the present embodiment can comprise the following steps that
1) first step: manufacture the first structure sheaf.
Prepare metal paste, use the method for coating or silk screen printing by metal paste coating or to be printed on the On the surface of one metal wire basal layer, form the first metal wire；Or, use the method for hot pressing by first Metal wire is embedded on the surface of the first metal wire basal layer；Then, rotary coating, blade coating, silk are used The material of above-mentioned formation high molecular polymer insulating barrier is coated in by the methods such as wire mark brush or electrostatic spraying On one side surface with metal wire of one metal wire basal layer, form the high score with micro-nano bulge-structure Sub-polymer insulation layer；Finally, the modes such as evaporation, ion sputtering are used to prepare the first electrode layer.
2) second step: manufacture the second structure sheaf.
Prepare metal paste, use the method for coating or silk screen printing by metal paste coating or to be printed on the On the surface of two metal wire basal layeres, form the second metal wire；Or, use the method for hot pressing by second Metal wire is embedded on the surface of the second metal wire basal layer；Use rotary coating, blade coating, silk screen printing Or the material of above-mentioned formation thin layer between two parties is coated in the second metal wire basal layer by the method such as electrostatic spraying A side surface with metal wire on, formed and there is the thin layer between two parties of micro-nano bulge-structure；Finally, The modes such as evaporation, ion sputtering are used to prepare the second electrode lay.
3) third step: be fixed together formation friction by the edge of the first structure sheaf and the second structure sheaf Interface, makes the first structure sheaf and the contact of the second structure sheaf and can rub.
The cross section structure of the embodiment eight of the metal nanowire composite material friction generator that Fig. 9 provides for the present invention Schematic diagram.As it is shown in figure 9, the difference of the present embodiment and embodiment seven is, this metal wire is combined Material friction electromotor does not has the second electrode lay, and the second metal wire 45b is as output in the second structure sheaf The Rotating fields of electrode, the i.e. first electrode layer 41 and the second metal wire 45b is respectively the two of friction generator Individual output electrode.
Due to the output electrode that the second metal wire 45b is friction generator, therefore in the present embodiment Two metal wire 45b are preferably capable being formed the structure of path, so can induce more when friction Electric charge, and then improve generating efficiency.
Other Rotating fields of the present embodiment is identical with embodiment seven with available material, repeats no more.
The cross section knot of the embodiment nine of the metal nanowire composite material friction generator that Figure 10 provides for the present invention Structure schematic diagram.As shown in Figure 10, the present embodiment is with the difference of embodiment seven, this metal wire Composite friction generator does not has the first electrode layer and the second electrode lay, the first metal wire 42b to be first As the Rotating fields of output electrode in structure sheaf, the second metal wire 45b is as output in the second structure sheaf The Rotating fields of electrode, the i.e. first metal wire 42b and the second metal wire 45b are respectively the two of friction generator Individual output electrode.
Owing to the first metal wire 42b and the second metal wire 45b is respectively two output electricity of friction generator Pole, therefore in the present embodiment, the first metal wire 42b and the second metal wire 45b is preferably capable forming path Structure, so can induce more electric charge when friction, and then improve generating efficiency.
Other Rotating fields of the present embodiment is identical with embodiment seven with available material, repeats no more.
The cross section knot of the embodiment ten of the metal nanowire composite material friction generator that Figure 11 provides for the present invention Structure schematic diagram.As shown in figure 11, this metal nanowire composite material friction generator include that stacking is arranged One electrode layer the 51, first metal line layer 52, between two parties thin layer the 53, second metal line layer 54 and the second electricity Pole layer 55.Wherein, the first electrode layer 51 and the first metal line layer 52 form the first structure sheaf, the thinnest Film layer the 53, second metal line layer 54 and the second electrode lay 55 form the second structure sheaf.
First metal line layer 52 is by the first metal wire basal layer 52a and is formed at the first metal wire basal layer The first metal wire 52b composition on 52a mono-side surface, the first electrode layer 51 is arranged on the first metal wire base On bottom 52a.What the i.e. first electrode layer 51 was arranged on the first metal wire basal layer 52a does not has metal One side surface of line.Second metal line layer 54 is by the second metal wire basal layer 54a and is formed at the second gold medal Belonging to the second metal wire 54b composition on line basal layer 54a mono-side surface, thin layer 53 is formed between two parties On second metal wire 54b, thin layer 53 has convex corresponding to the position of the second metal wire 54b between two parties Play structure.The second electrode lay 55 is arranged under the second metal wire basal layer 54a.I.e. the second electrode lay 55 side surfaces without metal wire being arranged on the second metal wire basal layer 54a, and thin layer between two parties 53 side surfaces with metal wire being arranged on the second metal wire basal layer 54a.First metal wire substrate One side surface with metal wire of layer 52a is towards thin layer 53 between two parties, and connects with thin layer 53 between two parties Touch.Alternatively, the first structure sheaf and the second structure sheaf are fixed together by edge.
In the present embodiment, the first electrode layer 51 is the Rotating fields in the first structure sheaf as output electrode, The second electrode lay 55 is the Rotating fields in the second structure sheaf as output electrode, the i.e. first electrode layer 51 He The second electrode lay 55 is respectively two output electrodes of friction generator.First metal line layer 52 is first As the Rotating fields of frictional layer in structure sheaf, thin layer 53 and the second metal line layer 54 are the second knot between two parties As the Rotating fields of frictional layer in structure layer, formed between the first metal line layer 52 and between two parties thin layer 53 and rub Wipe interface.While thin layer 53 contacts friction with the first metal wire 52b between two parties, also with the first metal Line basal layer 52a contacts friction.First metal wire 52b had both played and the work of thin layer 53 friction between two parties With, also serving as micro-nano projection increases degree of friction, makes friction effect more preferably.
In the present embodiment, the first metal wire 52b and the concrete structure of the second metal wire 54b and size, Away from the description that all can be found in embodiment one.
First metal wire basal layer 52a, the first metal wire 52b, the second metal wire basal layer 54a, second Metal wire 54b, the first electrode layer 51, the material of the second electrode lay 55 can be found in the description of embodiment one, The material of thin layer 53 can be found in the description of embodiment three between two parties.Alternatively, the first electrode layer 51 and/ Or the second electrode lay 55 is arranged on electrode basement layer, on the i.e. first electrode layer 51, it is provided with electrode base Bottom, and/or, the second electrode lay 55 be arranged with electrode basement layer.Formed on thin layer 53 between two parties Bulge-structure be micro-nano bulge-structure, this micro-nano bulge-structure protrusions highly preferred be 1 μm extremely 100 μm, the spacing between projection is preferably 100nm to 10mm.The thickness of thin layer 53 is preferred between two parties For 500nm to 500 μm.
Introduce the operation principle of the metal nanowire composite material friction generator of the present embodiment in detail below: When each layer generation mechanical deformation of this friction generator, the first metal line layer in friction generator and residence Between the surface phase mutual friction of thin layer produce electrostatic charge, electrostatic charge induces electric charge on two electrode layers, Thus cause, between the first electrode layer and the second electrode lay, electric potential difference occurs.Due to the first electrode layer and second The existence of electric potential difference between electrode layer, free electron will be flowed to electromotive force by external circuit by the side that electromotive force is low High side, thus in external circuit, form electric current.When each layer of this friction generator returns to original shape During state, the built-in potential being at this moment formed between the first electrode layer and the second electrode lay disappears, and the most balances The first electrode layer and the second electrode lay between will again produce reverse electric potential difference, then free electron passes through External circuit forms reverse current.By repeatedly rubbing and recovering, it is possible to formed periodically in external circuit Alternating current.
The manufacture method of the metal nanowire composite material friction generator of the present embodiment can comprise the following steps that
1) first step: manufacture the first structure sheaf.
Prepare metal paste, use the method for coating or silk screen printing by metal paste coating or to be printed on the On the surface of one metal wire basal layer, form the first metal wire；Or, use the method for hot pressing by first Metal wire is embedded on the surface of the first metal wire basal layer；Then, the sides such as evaporation, ion sputtering are used Formula prepares the first electrode layer.
2) second step: manufacture the second structure sheaf.
Prepare metal paste, use the method for coating or silk screen printing by metal paste coating or to be printed on the On the surface of two metal wire basal layeres, form the second metal wire；Or, use the method for hot pressing by second Metal wire is embedded on the surface of the second metal wire basal layer；Then, rotary coating, blade coating, silk are used The material of above-mentioned formation thin layer between two parties is coated in the second metal wire by the methods such as wire mark brush or electrostatic spraying On one side surface with metal wire of basal layer, form the thin layer between two parties with micro-nano bulge-structure； Finally, the modes such as evaporation, ion sputtering are used to prepare the second electrode lay.
3) third step: be fixed together formation friction by the edge of the first structure sheaf and the second structure sheaf Interface, makes the first structure sheaf and the contact of the second structure sheaf and can rub.
The cross section of the embodiment 11 of the metal nanowire composite material friction generator that Figure 12 provides for the present invention Structural representation.As shown in figure 12, the present embodiment is with the difference of embodiment ten, this metal Line composite friction generator does not has the second electrode lay, and the second metal wire 54b is to make in the second structure sheaf For the Rotating fields of output electrode, the i.e. first electrode layer 51 and the second metal wire 54b is respectively triboelectricity Two output electrodes of machine.
Due to the output electrode that the second metal wire 54b is friction generator, therefore in the present embodiment Two metal wire 54b are preferably capable being formed the structure of path, so can induce more when friction Electric charge, and then improve generating efficiency.
Other Rotating fields of the present embodiment is identical with embodiment ten with available material, repeats no more.Figure The cross section structure of the embodiment 12 of the 13 metal nanowire composite material friction generator provided for the present invention shows It is intended to.As shown in figure 13, the present embodiment is with the difference of embodiment ten, and this metal wire is combined Material friction electromotor does not has the first electrode layer, the first metal wire 52b to be as output in the first structure sheaf The Rotating fields of electrode, the i.e. first metal wire 52b and the second electrode lay 55 are respectively the two of friction generator Individual output electrode.
Due to the output electrode that the first metal wire 52b is friction generator, therefore in the present embodiment One metal wire 52b is preferably capable being formed the structure of path, so can induce more when friction Electric charge, and then improve generating efficiency.
Other Rotating fields of the present embodiment is identical with embodiment ten with available material, repeats no more.
The cross section of the embodiment 13 of the metal nanowire composite material friction generator that Figure 14 provides for the present invention Structural representation.As shown in figure 14, the present embodiment is with the difference of embodiment ten, this metal Line composite friction generator does not has the first electrode layer and the second electrode lay, the first metal wire 52b to be As the Rotating fields of output electrode in one structure sheaf, the second metal wire 54b is as defeated in second structure sheaf Go out the Rotating fields of electrode, the i.e. first metal wire 52b and the second metal wire 54b and be respectively friction generator Two output electrodes.
Owing to the first metal wire 52b and the second metal wire 54b is respectively two output electricity of friction generator Pole, therefore in the present embodiment, the first metal wire 52b and the second metal wire 54b is preferably capable forming path Structure, so can induce more electric charge when friction, and then improve generating efficiency.
Other Rotating fields of the present embodiment is identical with embodiment ten with available material, repeats no more.
The cross section of the embodiment 14 of the metal nanowire composite material friction generator that Figure 15 provides for the present invention Structural representation.As shown in figure 15, this metal nanowire composite material friction generator includes what stacking was arranged First electrode layer the 61, first metal line layer the 62, second metal line layer 63 and the second electrode lay 64.Wherein, First electrode layer 61 and the first metal line layer 62 form the first structure sheaf, the second metal line layer 63 and Two electrode layers 64 form the second structure sheaf.
First metal line layer 62 is by the first metal wire basal layer 62a and is formed at the first metal wire basal layer The first metal wire 62b composition on 62a mono-side surface, the first electrode layer 61 is arranged on the first metal wire base On bottom 62a.What the i.e. first electrode layer 61 was arranged on the first metal wire basal layer 62a does not has metal One side surface of line.Second metal line layer 63 is by the second metal wire basal layer 63a and is formed at the second gold medal Belonging to the second metal wire 63b composition on line basal layer 63a mono-side surface, the second electrode lay 64 is arranged on Under second metal wire basal layer 63a.I.e. the second electrode lay 64 is arranged on the second metal wire basal layer 63a A side surface without metal wire.The side table with metal wire of the first metal wire basal layer 62a Facing to a side surface with metal wire of the second metal wire basal layer 63a, both contacts.Alternatively, First structure sheaf and the second structure sheaf are fixed together by edge.
In the present embodiment, the first electrode layer 61 is the Rotating fields in the first structure sheaf as output electrode, The second electrode lay 64 is the Rotating fields in the second structure sheaf as output electrode, the i.e. first electrode layer 61 He The second electrode lay 64 is two output electrodes of friction generator.First metal line layer 62 is the first structure As the Rotating fields of frictional layer in Ceng, the second metal line layer 63 is as frictional layer in the second structure sheaf Rotating fields, forms frictional interface between the first metal line layer 62 and the second metal line layer 63.At the first gold medal When genus line layer 62 contacts friction with the second metal line layer 63, the first metal wire 62b and the second metal wire 63b Between, between the first metal wire 62b and the second metal wire basal layer 63a, the second metal wire 63b and Between one metal wire basal layer 62a, the first metal wire basal layer 62a and the second metal wire basal layer 63a Between all can contact friction.
In the present embodiment, the first metal wire 62b and the concrete structure of the second metal wire 63b and size, Away from the description that all can be found in embodiment one.
First metal wire basal layer 62a, the first metal wire 62b, the second metal wire basal layer 63a, second Metal wire 63b, the first electrode layer 61, the material of the second electrode lay 64 can be found in the description of embodiment one. Alternatively, the first electrode layer 61 and/or the second electrode lay 64 are arranged on electrode basement layer, the i.e. first electricity Be provided with electrode basement layer on pole layer 61, and/or, the second electrode lay 64 be arranged with electrode basement Layer.
Introduce the operation principle of the metal nanowire composite material friction generator of the present embodiment in detail below: When each layer generation mechanical deformation of this friction generator, the first metal line layer in friction generator and The surface phase mutual friction of two metal line layers produces electrostatic charge, and electrostatic charge induces electricity on two electrode layers Lotus, thus cause, between the first electrode layer and the second electrode lay, electric potential difference occurs.Due to the first electrode layer and The existence of electric potential difference between the second electrode lay, free electron will be flowed to by the side that electromotive force is low by external circuit The side that electromotive force is high, thus in external circuit, form electric current.When each layer of this friction generator returns to former When carrying out state, the built-in potential being at this moment formed between the first electrode layer and the second electrode lay disappears, the most Reverse electric potential difference, then free electron will be again produced between first electrode layer and the second electrode lay of balance Reverse current is formed by external circuit.By repeatedly rubbing and recovering, it is possible to form week in external circuit The alternating current of phase property.
The manufacture method of the metal nanowire composite material friction generator of the present embodiment can comprise the following steps that
1) first step: manufacture the first structure sheaf.
Prepare metal paste, use the method for coating or silk screen printing by metal paste coating or to be printed on the On the surface of one metal wire basal layer, form the first metal wire；Or, use the method for hot pressing by first Metal wire is embedded on the surface of the first metal wire basal layer；Then, the sides such as evaporation, ion sputtering are used Formula prepares the first electrode layer.
2) second step: manufacture the second structure sheaf.
Prepare metal paste, use the method for coating or silk screen printing by metal paste coating or to be printed on the On the surface of two metal wire basal layeres, form the second metal wire；Or, use the method for hot pressing by second Metal wire is embedded on the surface of the second metal wire basal layer；Then, the sides such as evaporation, ion sputtering are used Formula prepares the second electrode lay.
3) third step: be fixed together formation friction by the edge of the first structure sheaf and the second structure sheaf Interface, makes the first structure sheaf and the contact of the second structure sheaf and can rub.
The cross section of the embodiment 15 of the metal nanowire composite material friction generator that Figure 16 provides for the present invention Structural representation.As shown in figure 16, the present embodiment is with embodiment 14 difference, this metal Line composite friction generator does not has the second electrode lay, and the second metal wire 63b is to make in the second structure sheaf For the Rotating fields of output electrode, the i.e. first electrode layer 61 and the second metal wire 63b is respectively triboelectricity Two output electrodes of machine.
Other Rotating fields of the present embodiment is identical with embodiment 14 with available material, repeats no more.
The cross section of the embodiment 16 of the metal nanowire composite material friction generator that Figure 17 provides for the present invention Structural representation.As shown in figure 17, the present embodiment is with embodiment 14 difference, this metal Line composite friction generator does not has the first electrode layer and the second electrode lay, the first metal wire 62b to be As the Rotating fields of output electrode in one structure sheaf, the second metal wire 63b is as defeated in second structure sheaf Go out the Rotating fields of electrode, the i.e. first metal wire 62b and the second metal wire 63b and be respectively friction generator Two output electrodes.
Other Rotating fields of the present embodiment is identical with embodiment 14 with available material, repeats no more.
The above-mentioned metal nanowire composite material friction generator of present invention offer and manufacture method thereof are for existing In technology, micro-nano structure makes the problem of difficulty, uses the side being provided with metal wire on metal wire basal layer Formula, is formed and has the thin layer between two parties of micro-nano structure or be provided with the substrate frictional layer of metal wire, thus The friction generator generating effect prepared is good, it is often more important that use the mode of hot pressing at metal wire basal layer Upper formation metal wire bulge-structure, technique is simple, the problem that there is not demoulding difficulty so that product is qualified Rate improves, and beneficially friction generator large-scale mass production, has saved cost the most greatly.
Finally it should be noted that: the present invention that listed above is only is embodied as example, certainly this The present invention can be modified and modification by the technical staff in field, if these amendments and modification belong to this Within the scope of invention claim and equivalent technologies thereof, all it is considered as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (31)

1. a metal nanowire composite material friction generator, it is characterised in that including: the first structure sheaf With the second structure sheaf, between described first structure sheaf and the second structure sheaf, form frictional interface；Described first Structure sheaf and the second structure sheaf all include the Rotating fields as output electrode and the Rotating fields as frictional layer, Wherein, any one in described first structure sheaf and described second structure sheaf or in both as frictional layer Rotating fields at least includes the metal line layer being made up of metal wire basal layer and metal wire, and described metal wire is formed A side surface at described metal wire basal layer.
Metal nanowire composite material friction generator the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that Described first structure sheaf includes the first electrode layer and the high molecular polymer insulating barrier that stacking arranges, described One electrode layer is the Rotating fields in described first structure sheaf as output electrode, and described high molecular polymer is exhausted Edge layer is the Rotating fields in described first structure sheaf as frictional layer；
Described second structure sheaf includes that described metal line layer, described metal line layer are in described second structure sheaf As the Rotating fields of frictional layer, formed between described metal line layer and described high molecular polymer insulating barrier and rub Wipe interface.
Metal nanowire composite material friction generator the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that Described first structure sheaf includes that the first electrode layer, described first electrode layer are conduct in described first structure sheaf The Rotating fields of output electrode, and be Rotating fields as frictional layer in described first structure sheaf simultaneously；
Described second structure sheaf includes that described metal line layer, described metal line layer are in described second structure sheaf As the Rotating fields of frictional layer, between described metal line layer and described first electrode layer, form frictional interface.
Metal nanowire composite material friction generator the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:
Described metal wire is the Rotating fields in described second structure sheaf as output electrode；
Or, described second structure sheaf also includes that stacking is arranged on second under described metal wire basal layer Electrode layer, described the second electrode lay is the Rotating fields in described second structure sheaf as output electrode.
Metal nanowire composite material friction generator the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that:
Described metal wire is the Rotating fields in described second structure sheaf as output electrode；
Or, described second structure sheaf also includes that stacking is arranged on second under described metal wire basal layer Electrode layer, described the second electrode lay is the Rotating fields in described second structure sheaf as output electrode.
Metal nanowire composite material friction generator the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that Described high molecular polymer insulating barrier has micro-nano structure relative to the one side of described metal line layer.
Metal nanowire composite material friction generator the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that Described high molecular polymer insulating barrier has micro-nano structure relative to the one side of described metal line layer.
Metal nanowire composite material friction generator the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that Described second structure sheaf includes described metal line layer and is formed at the thin film between two parties on described metal wire Layer, described thin layer between two parties has bulge-structure corresponding to the position of described metal wire；Described thin film between two parties Layer and described metal line layer are the Rotating fields in described second structure sheaf as frictional layer.
Metal nanowire composite material friction generator the most according to claim 8, it is characterised in that:
Described metal wire is the Rotating fields in described second structure sheaf as output electrode；
Or, described second structure sheaf also includes that stacking is arranged on second under described metal wire basal layer Electrode layer, described the second electrode lay is the Rotating fields in described second structure sheaf as output electrode.
Metal nanowire composite material friction generator the most according to claim 9, it is characterised in that Described first structure sheaf includes that the first electrode layer, described first electrode layer are conduct in described first structure sheaf The Rotating fields of output electrode, and be Rotating fields as frictional layer in described first structure sheaf simultaneously；Described Frictional interface is formed between first electrode layer and described thin layer between two parties.
11. metal nanowire composite material friction generator according to claim 9, it is characterised in that Described first structure sheaf includes the first electrode layer and the high molecular polymer insulating barrier that stacking arranges, described One electrode layer is the Rotating fields in described first structure sheaf as output electrode, and described high molecular polymer is exhausted Edge layer is the Rotating fields in described first structure sheaf as frictional layer；Described high molecular polymer insulating barrier with Frictional interface is formed between described thin layer between two parties.
12. metal nanowire composite material friction generator according to claim 11, it is characterised in that Described high molecular polymer insulating barrier has micro-nano structure relative to the one side of described thin layer between two parties.
13. metal nanowire composite material friction generator according to claim 9, it is characterised in that Described first structure sheaf includes described metal line layer and is formed at the polyphosphazene polymer under described metal wire Compound insulating barrier, described high molecular polymer insulating barrier has protruding knot corresponding to the position of described metal wire Structure；Described high molecular polymer insulating barrier and described metal line layer are as friction in described first structure sheaf The Rotating fields of layer；Friction circle is formed between described high molecular polymer insulating barrier and described thin layer between two parties Face.
14. metal nanowire composite material friction generator according to claim 13, it is characterised in that:
Metal wire in first structure sheaf is the Rotating fields in described first structure sheaf as output electrode；
Or, described first structure sheaf also include stacking be arranged in the first structure sheaf metal wire basal layer it On the first electrode layer, described first electrode layer be in described first structure sheaf as output electrode layer tie Structure.
15. metal nanowire composite material friction generator according to claim 9, it is characterised in that Described first structure sheaf includes that described metal line layer, described metal line layer are conduct in described first structure sheaf The Rotating fields of frictional layer, described metal wire is the Rotating fields in described first structure sheaf as output electrode, Frictional interface is formed between described metal line layer and described thin layer between two parties.
16. metal nanowire composite material friction generator according to claim 9, it is characterised in that Described first structure sheaf includes that described metal line layer and stacking are arranged on described metal wire basal layer The first electrode layer, described first electrode layer be in described first structure sheaf as output electrode layer tie Structure, described metal line layer is the Rotating fields in described first structure sheaf as frictional layer, described metal line layer And form frictional interface between described thin layer between two parties.
17. metal nanowire composite material friction generator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that Described first structure sheaf and the second structure sheaf all include described metal line layer, the described metal wire each included Layer is respectively the Rotating fields in the first structure sheaf and the second structure sheaf as frictional layer.
18. metal nanowire composite material friction generator according to claim 17, it is characterised in that Metal wire in the described metal line layer each included is respectively in the first structure sheaf and the second structure sheaf work Rotating fields for output electrode.
19. metal nanowire composite material friction generator according to claim 17, it is characterised in that Described first structure sheaf also includes that stacking is arranged on the first electrode layer on metal wire basal layer, described One electrode layer is the Rotating fields in described first structure sheaf as output electrode；
Metal wire is the Rotating fields in described second structure sheaf as output electrode.
20. metal nanowire composite material friction generator according to claim 17, it is characterised in that Described first structure sheaf also includes that stacking is arranged on the first electrode layer on metal wire basal layer, described One electrode layer is the Rotating fields in described first structure sheaf as output electrode；
Described second structure sheaf also includes that stacking is arranged on the second electrode lay under metal wire basal layer, institute Stating the second electrode lay is Rotating fields as output electrode in described second structure sheaf.
21. according to the metal nanowire composite material friction generator described in any one of claim 1-20, its Be characterised by, described metal wire be fringe-like structures, Z-shaped structure, interdigitated configuration, well shape structure, Diamond shaped structure or tyre tread shape structure.
22. metal nanowire composite material friction generator according to claim 21, it is characterised in that:
When described metal wire cross section is circular, a diameter of 500nm to 500 in the cross section of described metal wire μm；Spacing between described metal wire is 100nm to 10mm；Or
When described metal wire cross section is rectangle, the height in the cross section of described metal wire is 500nm to 500 μm, width is 500nm to 500 μm；Spacing between described metal wire is 100nm to 10mm.
23. metal nanowire composite material friction generator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that The material of described metal wire be Au Ag Pt Pd, aluminum, nickel, copper, titanium, chromium, ferrum, manganese, molybdenum, Tungsten, vanadium, aluminium alloy, titanium alloy, magnesium alloy, beryllium alloy, copper alloy, kirsite, manganese alloy, nickel Alloy, metal, ashbury metal, cadmium alloy, bismuth alloy, indium alloy, gallium alloy, tungsten alloy, molybdenum close Gold, niobium alloy or tantalum alloy.
24. according to the described metal nanowire composite material friction generator of claim 1, it is characterised in that The material of described metal wire basal layer is polyethylene terephthalate, regenerated polythene p-phthalic acid Ester, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polymethyl methacrylate, polrvinyl chloride, nylon, poly- Carbonic ester or polyurethane.
25. according to the metal nanowire composite material according to any one of claim 2-7,9-16,19,20 Friction generator, it is characterised in that the material of described first electrode layer or the second electrode lay is the oxidation of indium stannum Thing, Graphene, nano silver wire film, metal or alloy.
26. metal nanowire composite material friction generator according to claim 25, it is characterised in that Described first electrode layer and/or described the second electrode lay are arranged on electrode basement layer.
27. according to claim 2,4,6,7, metal nanowire composite material according to any one of 11-14 Friction generator, it is characterised in that the material of described high molecular polymer insulating barrier be Kapton, Aniline-formaldehyde resin thin film, polyformaldehyde thin film, ethyl cellulose film, polyamide film, tripolycyanamide Formaldehyde thin film, Polyethylene Glycol succinate thin film, cellulose membrane, cellulose acetate film, poly-oneself Naphthalate thin film, polydiallyl phthalate thin film, regeneration sponge films, poly-ammonia Ester elastomer thin film, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer copolymer film, styrene-butadiene-copolymer thin film, artificial fibre Dimension thin film, poly-methyl thin film, methacrylic acid ester film, polyvinyl alcohol film, mylar, poly-different Butylene thin film, polyurethane flexible sponge films, pet film, polyvinyl alcohol contract Butyral film, formaldehyde-phenol thin film, neoprene thin film, butadiene-propylene copolymer thin film, natural rubber In glue thin film, polyacrylonitrile thin film, acrylonitrile vinyl chloride film and polyethylene the third diphenol carbonate thin film Any one.
28. metal nanowire composite material friction generator described in-16 any one according to Claim 8, its Being characterised by, the material of described thin layer between two parties is Kapton, aniline-formaldehyde resin thin film, gathers Formaldehyde thin film, ethyl cellulose film, polyamide film, melamino-formaldehyde thin film, Polyethylene Glycol fourth Diacid ester film, cellulose membrane, cellulose acetate film, 10PE27 thin film, poly- Diallyl phthalate thin film, regeneration sponge films, elastic polyurethane body thin film, styrene Propylene copolymer film, styrene-butadiene-copolymer thin film, staple fibre thin film, poly-methyl thin film, Methacrylic acid ester film, polyvinyl alcohol film, mylar, polyisobutylene thin film, polyurethane flexible Sponge films, pet film, polyvinyl butyral film, formaldehyde-phenol are thin Film, neoprene thin film, butadiene-propylene copolymer thin film, natural rubber films, polyacrylonitrile thin film, Any one in acrylonitrile vinyl chloride film and polyethylene the third diphenol carbonate thin film.
29. metal nanowire composite material friction generator according to claim 28, it is characterised in that The bulge-structure formed on described thin layer between two parties is micro-nano bulge-structure, this micro-nano bulge-structure protrusions Height be 1 μm to 100 μm, the spacing between projection is 100nm to 10mm；Described between two parties The thickness of thin layer is 500nm to 500 μm.
30. 1 kinds of metal nanowire composite material triboelectricities manufactured as described in any one of claim 1-29 The method of machine, it is characterised in that including: manufacture the first step of the first structure sheaf, manufacture the second structure The second step of layer and formation frictional interface that the first structure sheaf and the second structure sheaf are fixed together Third step；
Described first step and/or described second step at least include: on the surface of metal wire basal layer Form metal wire.
31. methods according to claim 30, described formation on the surface of metal wire basal layer Metal wire is particularly as follows: use the method for coating or silk screen printing to form gold on the surface of metal wire basal layer Belong to line；Or, use the method for hot pressing that metal wire is embedded into a side surface of metal wire basal layer.
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