CN105811800A - Single-electrode integrated friction power generator - Google Patents
Single-electrode integrated friction power generator Download PDFInfo
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- CN105811800A CN105811800A CN201610334890.9A CN201610334890A CN105811800A CN 105811800 A CN105811800 A CN 105811800A CN 201610334890 A CN201610334890 A CN 201610334890A CN 105811800 A CN105811800 A CN 105811800A
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- layer element
- friction generator
- integral type
- type friction
- electrode layer
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N1/00—Electrostatic generators or motors using a solid moving electrostatic charge carrier
- H02N1/04—Friction generators
Abstract
The invention provides a single-electrode integrated friction power generator, and belongs to the technical field of a power generator. The system comprises a friction layer component and an electrode layer component, wherein the electrode layer component and the friction layer component are combined into a whole and are arranged in the same plane so as to form the single-electrode integrated friction power generator. Under the effect of an external force, the surface of an insulation object or a non-insulation object in life is taken as a second friction layer, the second friction layer is in contact with or is separated from a friction layer of the friction power generator, the electrode potential difference between an electrode layer and the ground is caused, and the electrode layer can transmit an electric signal to an external circuit. The friction power generator provided by the invention is simple in structure and wide in application range, and is easy to fabricate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of generators, particularly relate to a kind of single electrode integral type friction generator.
Background technology
In modern society, mechanical energy loses nowhere, but much seems the huge mechanical energy of faint total amount in fact and be but mostly left in the basket and be not utilized, as motor vehicles roll the energy on ground, people walks and tramples the energy on ground.At present, georgia ,u.s.a Institute of Technology professor Wang Zhonglin etc. has utilized triboelectrification and electrostatic induction principle to be successfully prepared friction generator, mechanical energy can be electric energy by this friction generator, particularly the conversion aspect of collecting of the low frequency energies such as physical activity is being had the advantage of its uniqueness.But, in above-mentioned friction generator, mostly it being a powering up pole and bottom electrode is respectively in different planes, structure is complicated, and must use a lot of friction materials and electrode material, costly.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to existing friction generator complex structure and other problems and be to provide a kind of single electrode integral type friction generator, this electromotor is stagged electrode structure, including frictional layer element and electrode layer element, frictional layer element and electrode layer element are complex as a whole, and it is positioned at approximately the same plane, electrode layer element forms single electrode layer, and single electrode layer exports the signal of telecommunication to external circuit.
Wherein, frictional layer element contacts with the second rubbing surface or separates under external force, and External Force Acting refers to beating, trample, stroke, vibrate, the multiple kinds of energy drive form such as rub.
Electrode layer element and frictional layer element are combined into, by modes such as sputtering, electro-deposition or bondings, the integral type friction generator being positioned at a plane.
nullFrictional layer element is made up of insulating polymeric material，Insulating polymeric material is selected from polydimethylsiloxane、Polyethylene、Polypropylene、Kynoar、Vinylidene chloride-acrylonitrile copolymerization thin film、Politef、Polrvinyl chloride、Fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer、Polytrifluorochloroethylene、Polychlorobutadiene、Kapton、Aniline-formaldehyde resin thin film、Polyformaldehyde thin film、Ethyl cellulose film、Polyamide film、Melamino-formaldehyde thin film、Merlon、Polyethylene Glycol succinate thin film、Phenolic resin、Neoprene、Cellulose membrane、Natural rubber、Ethyl cellulose、Cellulose acetate film、10PE27 thin film、Polydiallyl phthalate thin film、Staple fibre、PVOH butyral、Fiber (regeneration) sponge films、Elastic polyurethane body thin film、Styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer copolymer film、Styrene-butadiene-copolymer thin film、Polyethylene the third diphenol carbonate、Staple fibre thin film、Polystyrene，Polymethacrylates thin film、Polyvinyl alcohol film、Polyvinyl alcohol film、Mylar、Polyisobutylene thin film、Polyurethane flexible sponge films、Poly bis phenol carbonate、CPPG、Polyethylene terephthalate、Polymeric liquid crystal copolymer、Parylene、Wood etc..
Electrode layer element is made up of the one in conductor material, semi-conducting material or other conductive materials, conductor material, semi-conducting material or other conductive materials can be selected from metal or alloy, and wherein metal can be Au Ag Pt Pd, aluminum, nickel, copper, titanium, chromium, selenium, ferrum, manganese, molybdenum, tungsten or vanadium；Alloy can be aluminium alloy, titanium alloy, magnesium alloy, beryllium alloy, copper alloy, kirsite, manganese alloy, nickel alloy, metal, ashbury metal, cadmium alloy, bismuth alloy, indium alloy, gallium alloy, tungsten alloy, molybdenum alloy, niobium alloy or tantalum alloy.Except metal or alloy, other conductive materials can be selected from indium tin oxide, Graphene and derivant, the quasiconductor of ion doping, other conductive film materials etc..
Second rubbing surface is insulant or non-insulating material, the sole of people, clothes, human body etc. in life.
Frictional layer element and electrode layer element are thin film or thin slice, frictional layer element and electrode layer element are flexible material or hard material, frictional layer element and electrode layer element can be sizes and shape, frictional layer element and electrode layer element can be different colors and different transparencys.
The surface of frictional layer element is through modified, and modified method is divided into physical modification and chemical modification.The common method of physical modification has chemical etching, photoengraving, plasma etching etc. to increase the specific surface area of frictional layers；Chemical modification is be chemically modified by introducing the group of other nano materials or the opposed polarity surface to frictional layer or electrode layer.
The electricity generating principle of this friction generator is based on contacting the separation of charge that friction causes between metal material with macromolecular material, and electric charge causes the electromotive force between electrode from the earth different through electrode layer transfer, thus producing electric current.
Having the beneficial effect that of the technique scheme of the present invention:
Two electrodes are concentrated at grade by this electromotor, reduce material consumption, adopt single electrode integral structure, concentrate in approximately the same plane by electrode layer element and frictional layer element, drawing an electrode output, simple in construction, use material are less, thus cheap.Need not providing the second rubbing surface specially, trigger mode can make insulation or non-insulating material, and in life, people itself and the sole of people, clothes, tire, carpet, sponge etc. can serve as the second rubbing surface.Material therefor is flexible material, it is possible to change shape according to specific environment, therefore that environmental requirement is less, and floor space is little.
In a word, this electromotor advantage is as follows:
1, integral structure is simple, single electrode outfan.The present invention includes two parts composed component: frictional layer element and electrode layer element.Wherein electrode layer element is complex as a whole by the mode such as electro-deposition or sputtering and frictional layer element, is configured to single electrode integral type friction generator, this friction generator simple in construction, and preparation is easily.Clamp electrode layer while just can generate electricity, breach conventional electric generators and must clamp generator electrode two ends and could constitute the restriction of path.
2, do not need deliberately to provide the second frictional layer and the variation of energy drive form.Clothes in life, glove, sole etc. or even human body itself all can serve as the integral type friction generator effect of the second rubbing surface and the present invention.And this friction generator is applicable to multiple kinds of energy drive form, namely various forms of mechanical energy all can be collected for generating electricity, as this friction generator shaken, patting, trampling, stroking, vibrating, rubbing under homenergic drive form, this electromotor all can show electric current output, has widened the range of application of friction generator.
3, trigger mode insulation is nonisulated, and flexible design is widely used.The single electrode integral type friction generator simple in construction of the present invention, trigger mode insulation is nonisulated, and the hardness no requirement (NR) to the selection of material, these advantages bring bigger development prospect for the integral type friction generator provided in the present invention, as being used in lighting carpet, Luminous clothes, Luminous decorations, lightening toy etc., has wide application space, market.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the single electrode integral type friction generator structural representation of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the single electrode integral type friction generator electricity generating principle schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the another kind of structural representation of the single electrode integral type friction generator of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the electric current spectrogram of integral type friction generator output in embodiment 2.
Wherein: 10-frictional layer element；20-electrode layer element；11-the second rubbing surface.
Detailed description of the invention
For making the technical problem to be solved in the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly, it is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the specific embodiments.
The present invention is directed to the problems such as existing triboelectricity machine mechanism complexity, a kind of single electrode integral type friction generator is provided, this electromotor can will be patted, trample, shake, wind-force, the changes mechanical energy of the naturally occurrings such as tide is electric energy, electrode layer element and frictional layer element are concentrated in one plane by this friction generator, define the friction generator of a kind of single electrode outfan, as shown in figures 1 and 3, this electromotor includes frictional layer element 10 and electrode layer element 20, frictional layer element 10 and electrode layer element 20 are complex as a whole, and it is positioned at approximately the same plane, electrode layer element 20 forms single electrode layer, single electrode layer exports the signal of telecommunication to external circuit.Electrode layer element 20 and frictional layer element 10 are combined into, by sputtering, electro-deposition or bonding mode, the integral type friction generator being positioned at a plane.The friction generator of the present invention is single electrode outfan, namely draws an electrode on electrode layer element 20 and is easy to transmission derivation electric charge；In life, the material of the triboelectrification such as the sole of people, clothes, tire, carpet, sponge can serve as the second rubbing surface 11, in external force as, under form effects such as patting, vibrate, trample, stroke, gone out the signal of telecommunication by frictional layer element 10 and the outside circuit transmission of electrode layer element 20.
nullFrictional layer element 10 be insulating polymeric material (such as，High molecular polymer insulating barrier)，It is mainly integral type friction generator of the present invention and one friction surface is provided，Its material can be selected from polydimethylsiloxane、Polyethylene、Polypropylene、Kynoar、Vinylidene chloride-acrylonitrile copolymerization thin film、Politef、Polrvinyl chloride、Fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer、Polytrifluorochloroethylene、Polychlorobutadiene、Kapton、Aniline-formaldehyde resin thin film、Polyformaldehyde thin film、Ethyl cellulose film、Polyamide film、Melamino-formaldehyde thin film、Merlon、Polyethylene Glycol succinate thin film、Phenolic resin、Neoprene、Cellulose membrane、Natural rubber、Ethyl cellulose、Cellulose acetate film、10PE27 thin film、Polydiallyl phthalate thin film、Staple fibre、PVOH butyral、Fiber (regeneration) sponge films、Elastic polyurethane body thin film、Styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer copolymer film、Styrene-butadiene-copolymer thin film、Polyethylene the third diphenol carbonate、Staple fibre thin film、Polystyrene，Polymethacrylates thin film、Polyvinyl alcohol film、Polyvinyl alcohol film、Mylar、Polyisobutylene thin film、Polyurethane flexible sponge films、Poly bis phenol carbonate、CPPG、Polyethylene terephthalate、Polymeric liquid crystal copolymer、Parylene、Wood etc..Material as frictional layer element is a lot, only enumerates some common materials herein, it is clear that these materials can not become the restrictive condition of present invention protection.
Frictional layer element 10 in the present invention adopts hard material and flexible material, because the hardness of material has no effect on the friction effect of friction generator.Equally; the thickness of frictional layer material on friction effect also without impact; therefore hardness and the thickness of material can be selected by those skilled in the art according to actual application demand; here not detailed enumerate, but the various designs thus derived should be included in protection scope of the present invention.Frictional layer material in the present embodiment is preferably flexible thin film or sheeting, it is possible to 360 degree of bendings, thickness is 50nm-5mm, it is preferable that 100nm-2mm, more preferably 1 μm-800 μm, and technical scheme all of in the present invention is all suitable for by these thickness.
Conductive in electrode layer element 20 needs possess the feature that can conduct electricity, it is possible to selected from metal or alloy, wherein metal can be Au Ag Pt Pd, aluminum, nickel, copper, titanium, chromium, selenium, ferrum, manganese, molybdenum, tungsten or vanadium；Alloy can be aluminium alloy, titanium alloy, magnesium alloy, beryllium alloy, copper alloy, kirsite, manganese alloy, nickel alloy, metal, ashbury metal, cadmium alloy, bismuth alloy, indium alloy, gallium alloy, tungsten alloy, molybdenum alloy, niobium alloy or tantalum alloy.Except metal or alloy, other materials that can conduct electricity may also be used for making conductive layer, for instance indium tin oxide, Graphene and derivant, the quasiconductor of ion doping, other conductive film materials etc..Electrically conductive material is a lot, does not carry out detailed enumerating here, but these concrete materials can not become the restriction of scope.
The manufacturing process of integral type single electrode friction generator is simple, generally adopt the modes such as magnetron sputtering, plasma sputtering, evaporation or electrochemical deposition to deposit on corresponding high molecular polymer frictional layer by metal or alloy and other conductive materials, and draw an electrode.Or by simple viscose glue mode, conductive material and frictional layer are combined, to ensure the close contact of conductive layer and frictional layer surface such that it is able to reach the purpose that electric charge efficiently shifts.The feature of the comprehensive frictional layer material of those skilled in the art and conductive material, it is possible to select suitable preparation method.In the present embodiment, in electrode layer element, the thickness of conductive layer is optional ranges for 10nm-5mm, it is preferred to 50nm-1mm, more preferably 100nm-500 μm.
Frictional layer element 10 and the electrode layer element 20 of single electrode integral type friction generator of the present invention can be modified improving quantity and the transfer rate of electric charge, and modified method is divided into physical modification and chemical modification.The common method of physical modification has chemical etching, photoengraving, plasma etching etc. to increase the specific surface area of frictional layers, namely ensures to occur contact area during friction to increase between this frictional layer and another object, so that contact electric charge increases；Chemical modification is be chemically modified by introducing the group of other nano materials or the opposed polarity surface to frictional layer or electrode layer, it is possible to reach to realize efficiently storing and transfer of electric charge.The modification of frictional layer element 10 and electrode layer element 20 according to the suitable method of modifying of the different choice of frictional layer and conductive, therefore can be broadly fallen into protection scope of the present invention by those skilled in the art on the basis of integral type friction generator of the present invention design.
The single electrode integral type friction generator of the present invention, because choosing and the difference of later stage modifying and decorating frictional layer and conductive, it is possible to present different transparencys or color.It is also possible to frictional layer is carried out difform design, such as the schematic diagram that Fig. 3 is a kind of typical integral type friction generator, frictional layer therein is continuous print mesh shape.Frictional layer and conductive can be carried out selecting processing according to practical application by those skilled in the art, and therefore on the basis of integral type friction generator of the present invention design, the different transparencys of invention, color, difform integral type friction generator broadly fall into protection scope of the present invention.
The integral type friction generator of the present invention includes frictional layer element 10 and electrode layer element 20, in order to facilitate practical application and electrode layer element 20 be protected, it is possible to for it plus substrate, the high molecular polymer of insulation selected by base material.Those skilled in the art can select processing flexibly according to practical application, and the integral type friction generator therefore whether possessing base material broadly falls into protection scope of the present invention.
When the external world exists and the multiple object different from the friction electrode sequence of the frictional layer of this friction generator, during as there is triboelectrification and electrostatic induction between clothes, sole, glove etc. and integral type friction generator of the present invention, this friction generator converts mechanical energy into electric energy, and external circuit is done work.The integral type friction generator of the present invention can be generated electricity by various ways, as it patted, tramples, stroking, vibration etc..
Now to serve as the second rubbing surface 11 with butyronitrile gloves, the generation mode of beating is that the example power generation process to the integral type friction generator in this enforcement carries out concrete elaboration, specific as follows:
When integral type friction generator is patted by the hands with butyronitrile gloves, between the two generating period ground contact and away from, wherein this integral type friction generator is form loop between single electrode outfan and external circuit and the earth, in conjunction with accompanying drawing 2, electricity generating principle is illustrated.When contacting with the frictional layer of friction generator with the hands of butyronitrile gloves, owing to triboelectrification effect, frictional layer element 10 surface and butyronitrile gloves surface can produce the electrostatic charge that equivalent is contrary respectively.When both separate, owing to electrostatic induction principle electrode layer element 20 can produce corresponding electrostatic charge, but the symbol of this electrostatic charge and butyronitrile gloves surface with electric charge jack per line quantity not etc., now produce electric current at external circuit, charge balance when reaching away from the limit with the hands of butyronitrile gloves.When the hands with butyronitrile gloves again by adverse movement near friction generator time, the sense of current of generation with above-mentioned in opposite direction, fully in contact with time both the electrostatic charge be with reach balance, return to original state.When repeatedly patting the frictional layer of friction generator, this friction generator is repeated continuously above-mentioned power generation process, thus realizing patting the changes mechanical energy produced is electric energy.
Embodiment 1:
The present embodiment provides a kind of novel opaque flexible ultra-thin single electrode integral type friction nanometer power generator.Selecting transparent PET in the present embodiment is substrate, and frictional layer element 10 is chosen for the PTFE film that electronegativity is stronger, and electrode layer element 20 is chosen for that electric conductivity is stronger and opaque aluminium foil.Integral type friction generator in the present embodiment is prepared by the mode of simple bonding, and wherein the thickness of electrode layer element is 270 μm, possesses good flexibility, it is possible to 360 degree of bendings.
Embodiment 2:
The present embodiment provide a kind of novel transparent flexible ultra-thin single electrode integral type friction nanometer power generator.In the present embodiment, transparent FEP thin film chosen by frictional layer element 10, and electrode layer element 20 is chosen for the ito film that electric conductivity is stronger and transparent.ITO electrode layer is plated on FEP thin film by the mode adopting magnetron sputtering in the present embodiment, and the thickness of whole integral type friction generator is 90 μm, is likewise supplied with good flexibility, it is possible to 360 degree of bendings.
Fig. 4 is the ultra-thin single electrode integral type friction nanometer power generator of transparent flexible in the present embodiment 2, to press the output signal schematic representation of the electric current that mode generates electricity with the finger of butyronitrile gloves, this friction nanometer power generator can lightening LED lamp, hence it is demonstrated that the short circuit current signal of this electromotor is genuine and believable.
The above is the preferred embodiment of the present invention; it should be pointed out that, for those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from principle of the present invention; can also making some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a single electrode integral type friction generator, it is characterized in that: include frictional layer element (10) and electrode layer element (20), frictional layer element (10) and electrode layer element (20) are complex as a whole, and it is positioned at approximately the same plane, electrode layer element (20) forms single electrode layer, and single electrode layer exports the signal of telecommunication to external circuit.
2. single electrode integral type friction generator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described electromotor is stagged electrode structure.
3. single electrode integral type friction generator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described frictional layer element (10) contacts with the second rubbing surface (11) or separates under external force.
4. single electrode integral type friction generator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described electrode layer element (20) and frictional layer element (10) are combined into, by sputtering, electro-deposition or bonding mode, the integral type friction generator being positioned at a plane.
5. single electrode integral type friction generator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described frictional layer element (10) is made up of insulating polymeric material, and frictional layer element (10) surface is through modified.
6. single electrode integral type friction generator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described electrode layer element (20) is made up of the one in conductor material, semi-conducting material or other conductive materials.
7. single electrode integral type friction generator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described second rubbing surface (11) is insulant or non-insulating material.
8. single electrode integral type friction generator according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described frictional layer element (10) and electrode layer element (20) are thin film or thin slice, frictional layer element (10) and electrode layer element (20) are flexible material or hard material.
9. the single electrode integral type friction generator according to claim 1 or 3, it is characterised in that: described External Force Acting is for patting, trample, stroke, vibrate, rubbing multiple kinds of energy drive form.
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| CN106760379A (en) * | 2016-12-06 | 2017-05-31 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of Multifunctional friction electricity-generating floor leather and sensor |
| CN106876240A (en) * | 2017-02-27 | 2017-06-20 | 北京纳米能源与***研究所 | A kind of ion source device, produce ion pulse method, using and mass spectrograph |
| CN107933803A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-04-20 | 上海大学 | A kind of vehicle band type brake apparatus with triboelectricity |
| CN109245598A (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2019-01-18 | 大连海事大学 | Collect the friction nanometer power generator of acoustic wave energy |
| CN109586608A (en) * | 2018-11-08 | 2019-04-05 | 北京化工大学 | A kind of flexible extensible single electrode friction nanometer power generator and preparation method thereof |
| CN110432583A (en) * | 2019-08-23 | 2019-11-12 | 大连民族大学 | A kind of step counting insole based on friction nanometer generating |
| CN110514326A (en) * | 2019-08-14 | 2019-11-29 | 东华大学 | A kind of piezoelectricity-friction electricity mixed type is from driving electronic skin and preparation method thereof |
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| CN114123841A (en) * | 2021-10-19 | 2022-03-01 | 一汽解放汽车有限公司 | Friction nanometer generator, preparation method thereof and flow guide device |
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| CN106760379A (en) * | 2016-12-06 | 2017-05-31 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of Multifunctional friction electricity-generating floor leather and sensor |
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| CN114123841A (en) * | 2021-10-19 | 2022-03-01 | 一汽解放汽车有限公司 | Friction nanometer generator, preparation method thereof and flow guide device |
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