CN104330017A - Folding type tree diameter growth real-time precision measurement instrument - Google Patents
Folding type tree diameter growth real-time precision measurement instrument Download PDFInfo
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- CN104330017A CN104330017A CN201410551262.7A CN201410551262A CN104330017A CN 104330017 A CN104330017 A CN 104330017A CN 201410551262 A CN201410551262 A CN 201410551262A CN 104330017 A CN104330017 A CN 104330017A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a folding type tree diameter growth real-time precision measurement instrument. The device can accurately measure tree diameter in real time, the size of the device is small, the device can be folded, and the device is convenient to carry. The measurement device comprises a bracket, a gate ruler, a sensor fixture, a micron displacement sensor and a signal transmission processing circuit. According to the device, the mode of multi-point positioning and three-point measurement of diameter is used, two parts are assembled to form a V-shaped body with an included angel of 90 degrees to 150 degrees, and combined with the micron displacement sensor installed at the diagonal coincide part of a V-shaped angle, the measurement of the tree diameter is realized. The micron displacement sensor and the gate ruler carry out remote data transmission with a host machine through the signal transmission processing circuit. According to the folding type tree diameter growth real-time precision measurement instrument, the tree diameter and the micro change amount can be stably measured in real time at the same time, and a measurement error is reduced. The device can be folded and is convenient to carry, the device is convenient to use, the weight of the device is small, the size of the device is small, and the damage to a trunk by the fixture is small.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to test and measuring technical field, be specifically related to a kind of folding tree Diameter growth amount real-time accurate measuring instrument.
Background technology
Forest, as the ecological main body in land, can absorb the CO in air effectively
2and be fixed in vegetation or soil, and evaluate plant fixation of C O
2amount (i.e. its increment) realizes mainly through tree-walk and these two amounts of the height of tree.Due to inaccuracy during this parameter measurement of the height of tree, when measuring plant growth amount, this parameter of tree diameters seems particularly important.Trunk there will be periodically expansion according to environment or its circadian rhythm and shrinks, and these physiological activities directly reflect the physiological status of trunk.The expansion of trunk physiology is because trunk stores and has moisture, and the evaporation of its moisture makes wooden pressure drop, causes trunk to shrink, and its fixation of C O
2trunk can be caused again to grow expansion.Therefore, for understand trees diameter change in a short time, long-term increment and growth rate change and and environment between relation, tree diameters increment is carried out accurately measuring tool in real time and is of great significance.
In existing measuring method, the measurement of tree diameters is mainly divided into two kinds: (1) stent-type Diameter measure device, orthogonal four supports of main employing by linear displacement transducer clamping on trunk, but the existence due to rigging error makes the method can only obtain the data of a certain bar diameter or the string of a musical instrument, there is comparatively big error.Meanwhile, easily cause fixture tension to affect Diameter measure accuracy during clamping, the device easily caused when this exogenous wind is large tilts, and also can increase increase error; (2) dragline type Diameter measure device, measures mainly through rope sensor.Wherein, because rope sensor is fixed by tangential pulling force, the pressure of wire rope to tree depends on the size of tree.If tree-walk difference is large, between measurement result, then comparability is poor.Therefore be necessary the measurement mechanism of a design branched point type, in order to the stable accurate real-time change amount measuring tree-walk value and tree-walk, this device adopts folding, easy to carry, is applicable to forester and has carried with forest field survey.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art of plant tree-walk precision measurement, the invention provides a kind of folding tree Diameter growth amount real-time accurate measuring instrument, this device accurately can measure tree diameters in real time, and compact is collapsible, is convenient for carrying.
In order to solve the technical matters of above-mentioned existence, the present invention adopts following technical proposals:
The present invention includes locating support, clamping unit, measuring unit and process of signal transmission circuit.The mode that described device adopts clamping function to separate with measurement function, changes traditional clamping and the structure measuring integral type, first adopts the Design of Mechanical Structure of two supports, instead of clamping measure the mode of simultaneously carrying out in the mode first clamping rear measurement.Device is carried out clamping and is measured the mode of serial, and clamp device and measurement mechanism cooperatively interact and do not interfere with each other, and singlely can complete surveying work.
Described device is equipped with high precision hinges or bearing in each several part junction, make gage beam and clamp arm collapsible, coordinate baffle plate and collision bead to realize accurately location when measuring.
Described folding tree Diameter growth amount real-time accurate measuring instrument, while parts meet request for utilization, light-weight design has been carried out to the structure of measuring instrument, comprise measuring instrument locating support, clamp of sensor, positioning fixture employing skeleton construction, clamp arm and gage beam adopt hollow type structure, while guarantee structural strength and rigidity requirement, measuring instrument fixture quality are significantly reduced.In addition, the making material of measuring instrument and manufacture craft are optimized, while reducing measuring instrument quality, improve the wearing quality of device, ensure that its serviceable life.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
(1) measurement mechanism has two parameters, is respectively the real-time microvariations amount of trunk diameter and trunk diameter.
(2) increment being applicable to plant measures problem, and measurement range is large, requires low to trunk surface.
(3) physical construction adopts folding to be convenient for carrying, and easy to use and the light volume of quality is little, and fixture is little to trunk injury.
(4) adopt micron order displacement transducer, sensitivity and resolving power high, long working life, can realize the long-distance transmissions of information.
(5) measurement mechanism adopts solar powered, is applicable to long-term field and measures test.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is vertical view of the present invention;
In figure: 1. locating support a; 2. piece of stainless steel; 3. baffle plate a; 4. axle; 5. support a; 6. clamp of sensor; 7. slide block a; 8. locking knob a; 9. control hand wheel; 10. micron order displacement transducer; 11. screw rods; 12. locking knob b; 13. slide block b; 14.A font support; 15. spill blocks; 16. trunks; 17. support b; 18. axles; 19. baffle plate b; 20. locating support b.
Fig. 3 is axis side view such as grade of the present invention;
In figure: 2. piece of stainless steel; 5. support a; 6. clamp of sensor; 7. slide block a; 8. locking knob a; 9. control hand wheel; 10. micron order displacement transducer; 11. screw rods; 12. locking knob b; 13. slide block b; 14.A font support; 15. spill blocks; 16. trunks; 17. support b; 18. axles; 19. baffle plate b; 20. locating support b; 21. connect hinge; 22. magnetic railings ruler signal transmssion lines; 23. magnetic railings ruler scales; 24. magnetic railings rulers move chi.
Fig. 4 is axis side view such as grade of the present invention.
In figure: 1. locating support a; 2. piece of stainless steel; 5. support a; 6. clamp of sensor; 7. slide block a; 8. locking knob a; 9. control hand wheel; 10. micron order displacement transducer; 11. screw rods; 15. spill blocks; 16. trunks; 17. support b; 18. axles; 19. baffle plate b; 20. locating support b; 21. connect hinge.
Fig. 5 is folding rear view.
2. piece of stainless steel; 3. baffle plate a; 5. support a; 6. clamp of sensor; 7. slide block a; 8. locking knob a; 9. control hand wheel; 11. screw rods; 12. locking knob b; 13. slide block b; 14.A font support; 15. spill blocks; 17. support b; 19. baffle plate b; 20. locating support b; 22. magnetic railings ruler signal transmssion lines; 23. magnetic railings ruler scales.
Fig. 6 is process of signal transmission circuit.
Embodiment
Specific embodiment of the invention plant diameter increment precision measurement apparatus, the funtcional relationship according to tree diameters variable quantity and its device for mechanical structure designs, and below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described.
As shown in Figure 1, be the principle of plant diameter increment precision measurement apparatus, can derive such as formula (1) formula:
（1）
Wherein,
dfor trunk diameter,
rfor trunk radius,
bfor V-type support hypotenuse length,
αfor fixture top angle (90 °≤
α≤ 150 °),
l 1for grid class chi measured value,
l 0for the spacing of clamp of sensor and trunk,
xfor micron order displacement sensor value.
The present embodiment comprises locating support, grid class chi, clamp of sensor, micron order displacement transducer and process of signal transmission circuit.Utilize V-type locating support and a micron order displacement transducer to realize three-point contact type to measure.V-type body is as two contact measurement points, and its V-type angular region is 90 ° ~ 150 °; Micro-displacement sensor is arranged on the diameter measurement point place relative with V-type angle, and the diagonal line at its gauge head sense of displacement and V-type angle coincides.Measurement mechanism can realize the measurement of two parameters, i.e. the static measurement of tree-walk and the kinetic measurement of tree-walk every day, monthly (or season) microvariations amount.Measurement result is made up of two parts: Part I is the reading of grid class chi, and Part II is the reading of micron order displacement transducer, and sum of the two is measurement result.Measurement mechanism need adopt standard cylinder to carry out calibrating and returning to zero, and sets up the magnitude tracing of tested tree-walk value to the calibration steps of national long measure rice simultaneously
Below in conjunction with Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, measurement mechanism is described in detail.
Centered by trunk (16), locating support a(1) with locating support b(20) be connected by hinges (21), after combination, group is in an angle
αlocating support, locating support a(1) and locating support b(20) on have dovetail groove, prevent locating support effect of attrition measuring accuracy and serviceable life while being engaged in stationary positioned support with piece of stainless steel (2).Locating support a(1) with support a(5) be connected, by baffle plate a(3 by axle (4)) and control to use time angle between the two, baffle plate a(3) built with high precision collision bead, also it is to positioning action.Support a(5) be mainly survey instrument support be provided, slide block a(7 it is equipped with), slide block a(7) one side grid class chi be housed move chi (24), and be contained in support a(5) grid class chi scale (23) of inside bottom is parallel, completes the measurement of tree-walk quiescent value; Slide block a(7) another side clamp of sensor (6) is housed, utilize locking knob a(8) fixation of sensor fixture (6), by moving slider a(7) grid class chi can be moved simultaneously move chi (24) and micro-displacement sensor (10) and reach measurement object.Support b(17) be mainly used in and V-type locating support a(5), b(20) jointly positioning system is formed, support b(17) with V-type locating support b(20) be connected by axle (18), by baffle plate b(19) angle between the two when controlling to use, support b(17) on slide block b(13) be connected with A font support (14), by locking knob b(12) fixing A font support (14), two screws on A font support (14) are connected with two M10 screw rods (11), spill block (15) is equipped with in screw rod (11) front end, control hand wheel (9) is equipped with in rear end, two spill blocks (15) and locating support a(1), b(20) composition four points spatially, ensure the stable clamping of whole device.Slide block a(7), b(13) upper all hinges is housed with the junction of clamp of sensor (6) and A font support (14), for folding of clamp of sensor (6) and A font support (14).The signal transmssion line (22) that grid class chi moves chi is passed by the hole of support b bottom surface, be connected with signal transacting transmission circuit respectively with the transmission line of micron order displacement transducer (10), signal transacting transmission circuit can be gone forward side by side row relax by sensor-lodging, by the host computer that the data handled well are uploaded by wireless receiving and dispatching digital transmission module, timing wake-up program is provided with in signal transacting transmission circuit, can in Fixed Time Interval image data and upload to host computer display, the long-range reception Data Post of host computer, host computer receives and stores data and draw corresponding form, obtain the variable quantity of trunk (16) in required time section.
Fig. 5 is the view of folding rear device.
After measurement terminates, first clamp of sensor (6) can be folded into and support a(5 with A font support (14)), b is parallel, again by its support a(5), b is folding that hinges is closed, finally by folding to clamp of sensor (6), A font support (14) with support a(5), b is folding as locating support a(5 respectively together), b is parallel, folding of finishing device.
Fig. 6 is process of signal transmission circuit.
Process of signal transmission circuit comprises sensor signal conditioning module, magnetic railings ruler interface module, segments and debate to compositions such as module, A/D conversion, serial communication modular, radio receiving transmitting module, MSP430F149, data storage and clock module, LCD MODULE, solar cells.Micro-displacement sensor enters sensor signal conditioning module, gained simulating signal is converted to digital signal by AD conversion module and is uploaded to MSP430F149, magnetic railings ruler signal is after magnetic railings ruler interface module shielding external interference, enter segmentation to debate and obtain to module arithmetic the square-wave signal number that magnetic railings ruler exports, counted by MSP430 and obtain the displacement of magnetic railings ruler process in conjunction with magnetic railings ruler resolving power.This process of signal transmission circuit can show tree-walk quiescent value and dynamic value in real time and store, and also can carry out serial communication and communicate with wireless receiving and dispatching, by the data upload that stores to host computer.In addition, because Diameter measure experiment mostly is field trial, this circuit is powered by sun power, battery-powered when cloudy day and rainy day, directly by solar powered during fine day, extends the test period.
Concrete operations flow process of the present invention is: first opened by step by folding device, after by its clamping on the standard cylinder of diameter 60mm, adjusting slider b(13) be locked knob, rotating control hand wheel (9) again makes device stablize clamping on standard cylinder, rear slowly adjusting slider a(7) to making sensor registration close to 0(mm) place, locking knob, now micron order displacement transducer registration
x 0(mm), grid class chi moves chi registration and is
l 0(mm).Record host computer trunk (16) the diameter initial value that pushes button is 60mm, and tree-walk variable quantity initial value is
x 0(mm), namely this position is measurement initial point.Take off measurement mechanism, by its clamping and tested trunk (16), regulate clamp of sensor (6), make micron order displacement transducer registration close
x 0, and record micron order displacement transducer registration and be (mm)
x 1(mm), tighten locking knob, record grid class chi moves chi registration
l 1(mm), tree-walk real-time change amount △
x 1.Then now the actual value of trunk (16) diameter is:
（5）
The present invention can complete the measurement of plant trunk (16) diameter and girth in real time, low to plant trunk (16) surface requirements, and measurement range is large, decreases measuring error and workload.The above; be only the present invention's preferably embodiment, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, is anyly familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; the change that can expect easily or replacement, all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection domain of claim.
Claims (1)
1. folding tree Diameter growth amount real-time accurate measuring instrument, is characterized in that: locating support a(1) with locating support b(20) be connected by hinges (21), combination after group be in an angle
αlocating support, locating support a(1) and locating support b(20) on have dovetail groove, prevent locating support effect of attrition measuring accuracy and serviceable life while being engaged in stationary positioned support with piece of stainless steel (2), locating support a(1) with support a(5) be connected, by baffle plate a(3 by axle (4)) and control to use time angle between the two, baffle plate a(3) built with high precision collision bead, also play positioning action, support a(5) be mainly survey instrument support be provided, slide block a(7 it is equipped with), slide block a(7) one side grid class chi be housed move chi (24), and be contained in support a(5) grid class chi scale (23) of inside bottom is parallel, completes the measurement of tree-walk quiescent value, slide block a(7) another side clamp of sensor (6) is housed, utilize locking knob a(8) fixation of sensor fixture (6), by moving slider a(7) grid class chi can be moved simultaneously move chi (24) and micro-displacement sensor (10) and reach measurement object, support b(17) be mainly used in and locating support a(5), b(20) jointly positioning system is formed, support b(17) with V-type locating support b(20) be connected by axle (18), by baffle plate b(19) angle between the two when controlling to use, support b(17) on slide block b(13) be connected with A font support (14), by locking knob b(12) fixing A font support (14), two screws on A font support (14) are connected with two M10 screw rods (11), spill block (15) is equipped with in screw rod (11) front end, control hand wheel (9) is equipped with in rear end, two spill blocks (15) and locating support a(1), b(20) composition four points spatially, ensure the stable clamping of whole device, slide block a(7), b(13) upper all hinges is housed with the junction of clamp of sensor (6) and A font support (14), for folding of clamp of sensor (6) and A font support (14), grid class chi moves the signal transmssion line (22) of chi by support b(17) hole of bottom surface passes, the signal transmssion line (22) that grid class chi moves chi is connected with signal transacting transmission circuit respectively with the transmission line of micron order displacement transducer (10), signal transacting transmission circuit sensor-lodging is gone forward side by side row relax, the data handled well are uploaded host computer by wireless receiving and dispatching digital transmission module, timing wake-up module is provided with in signal transacting transmission circuit, can in Fixed Time Interval image data and upload to host computer display, the long-range reception Data Post of host computer, host computer receives and stores data and draw corresponding form, obtain the variable quantity of trunk (16) in required time section.
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| CN201410551262.7A CN104330017B (en) | 2014-10-16 | 2014-10-16 | Folding tree Diameter growth amount real-time accurate measuring instrument |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105466328A (en) * | 2016-01-13 | 2016-04-06 | 中国计量学院 | High precision tree DBH measurer |
| CN106767635A (en) * | 2016-12-28 | 2017-05-31 | 广州聚旭机电技术研究院有限公司 | A kind of method for calibrating spring chi and its measurement tree-walk |
| CN108088357A (en) * | 2016-11-19 | 2018-05-29 | 本钢板材股份有限公司 | A kind of measuring device of hot rolled circular steel diameter of rod |
| CN109931849A (en) * | 2019-02-22 | 2019-06-25 | 海盐森植生物科技有限公司 | Plant information quickly identifies equipment |
| CN111879246A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-11-03 | 南通大学 | Tree diameter monitoring system and method based on fiber bragg grating sensor |
| CN112665501A (en) * | 2020-12-20 | 2021-04-16 | 安徽财经大学 | Real-time tree diameter measuring and analyzing device for agriculture, forestry and economic management |
| CN114877786A (en) * | 2022-07-12 | 2022-08-09 | 山东长岛国家级自然保护区管理中心 | Tree breast diameter measuring device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105466328A (en) * | 2016-01-13 | 2016-04-06 | 中国计量学院 | High precision tree DBH measurer |
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| CN109931849A (en) * | 2019-02-22 | 2019-06-25 | 海盐森植生物科技有限公司 | Plant information quickly identifies equipment |
| CN111879246A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-11-03 | 南通大学 | Tree diameter monitoring system and method based on fiber bragg grating sensor |
| CN112665501A (en) * | 2020-12-20 | 2021-04-16 | 安徽财经大学 | Real-time tree diameter measuring and analyzing device for agriculture, forestry and economic management |
| CN112665501B (en) * | 2020-12-20 | 2021-11-02 | 安徽财经大学 | Real-time tree diameter measuring and analyzing device for agriculture, forestry and economic management |
| CN114877786A (en) * | 2022-07-12 | 2022-08-09 | 山东长岛国家级自然保护区管理中心 | Tree breast diameter measuring device |
| CN114877786B (en) * | 2022-07-12 | 2022-09-13 | 山东长岛国家级自然保护区管理中心 | Tree breast diameter measuring device |
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