CN104328431A - Aluminum alloy surface modification method - Google Patents
Aluminum alloy surface modification method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104328431A CN104328431A CN201410644849.2A CN201410644849A CN104328431A CN 104328431 A CN104328431 A CN 104328431A CN 201410644849 A CN201410644849 A CN 201410644849A CN 104328431 A CN104328431 A CN 104328431A
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- aluminum alloy
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
Abstract
The invention discloses an aluminum alloy surface modification method which comprises the following steps: (1) respectively weighing Cr, Ti, Si, V and Al powder; (2) mixing the powder weighed in the step (1); (3) preparing a polyvinyl alcohol solution of which the concentration is 4%; (4) grinding the surface of an aluminum alloy plate and washing; (5) blending the powder mixed in the step (2) into paste by using the solution prepared in the step (3), and pre-coating the paste on the aluminum alloy plate treated in the step (4); and (6) radiating the preformed coating on the aluminum alloy plate. The method disclosed by the invention can be used for preparing a coating which is high in hardness, good in wear resistance and oxidation resistance and high in metallurgical binding force on an aluminum alloy surface.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to material surface process and intensifying technology field, particularly relate to a kind of method of aluminum alloy surface modification; Formed the alloying layer of high rigidity, high-wearing feature and high corrosion resistance on the surface of aluminium alloy by the method.
Background technology
Many excellent properties such as Al and Alalloy is one of most widely used material in non-ferrous metal, and aluminium alloy has little, the easy processing of density, thermal expansivity is low, thermal conductivity is high, specific rigidity and specific tenacity are high.Widespread use is achieved in daily production and the field such as life and aviation, automobile, high ferro, engine piston, opticinstrument, guided missile pattern structure.But further develop along with industrial, have higher requirement to the surface property of aluminium alloy, wear resistance, erosion resistance and oxidation-resistance seem particularly important.
At present, the method preparing wear-resistant coating in aluminum alloy surface normally sprays one deck bond coating in aluminum alloy surface, spray oxide ceramics working lining again, prepare the compound coatings such as Ni/Al-Al2O3, NiCrAl-Al2O3, Ni-Al2O3, but the anchoring strength of coating that this method prepares is low, and surface easily forms oxide film.As (Authorization Notice No.: CN 100549233C) such as Li Fuquan strengthens aluminum or aluminum alloy surface by electric arc auxiliary laser molten note ceramic particle.Guo Zhi waits in " a kind of method of aluminum alloy surface coating wear-resistant coating " (Authorization Notice No.: CN 100408724C) suddenly by adding excessive aluminium in reaction raw materials, utilize self-propagating reaction liberated heat that the oxide film on the aluminium surface on surface is melted, under the influence of centrifugal force oxide compound is separated.The internal surface that the method is only suitable for tubing component obtains wear-resistant coating, and because of the conductive force of aluminium alloy, is difficult to make intermetallic Fe-Al compound and aluminum substrate good combination.
High-current pulsed electron beam (HCPEB) is the new and effective process for treating surface of one that development in recent years is got up, and is to accelerate the novel high-energy density charged particle line that electronics is energy carrier.High-current pulsed electron beam is easy to draw and control than pulsed ionizing beam, and device is simple and reliable.There is not the energy reflection problem of pulse laser beam in high-current pulsed electron beam, S. E. A. is little by the impact of material composition and configuration of surface when irradiating metallic substance.High-current pulsed electron beam ratio completes in vacuum environment, effectively can suppress the problem such as high temperature oxidation and pollution of material.As " treatment process of ultrahigh-strength aluminum alloy surface alloying " (Authorization Notice No.: CN 102691040A); but the surface reforming layer that E.B surface treatment obtains is too thin, enough protections can not be played for the aluminum alloy part surface being operated in severe friction environment.
Sun Ronglu etc. (Authorization Notice No.: CN 100491593C) have invented a kind of aluminum alloy surface strengthening method of high-energy-density laser remolten surface cladding SiC/Al-Si powder, alloy matrix aluminum obtain surface quality is good, the strengthened coat of high abrasion and high rigidity.But adopt ceramic powder to improve the wear resistance of aluminium alloy, inherently can not solve the problem of bonding interface crackle that high-melting-point ceramic layer brings and cracking.
Summary of the invention
For prior art above shortcomings, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of aluminum alloy surface modification, top coat has that hardness is high, wear resistance and good in oxidation resistance, metallurgical junction make a concerted effort the advantage such as strong.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is such: a kind of method of aluminum alloy surface modification, is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
1) take Cr, Ti, Si, V and Al powder respectively, wherein, the molar percentage of Cr, Ti, Si, V and Al is: Cr:20-30%, Ti:20-30%, Si:20-30%, V:20-30%, Al:0-10%;
2) by 1) in the powder that takes put into ball mill mixing 2-5 hours;
3) configuration concentration is the polyvinyl alcohol solution of 4%, and heating in water bath, its polyvinyl alcohol is dissolved completely;
4) polish off with the oxide film of abrasive paper for metallograph by aluminium alloy plate surface, and clean up with acetone;
5) by 2) powder that mixes is with 3) polyvinyl alcohol solution that configures reconciles into thick, by its precoating through 4) aluminium alloy plate after process forms prefabricated coating, this prefabricated coat-thickness is 0.3-0.6 mm, then dry 2-5 hour;
6) with laser apparatus, irradiation is carried out to the prefabricated coating on aluminium alloy plate, and adopt high-purity argon gas to protect.
Further, in step 6), the defocusing amount of laser focal spot is 3-5mm, and pulse width is 5-10ms, and laser peak power is 6-8kw, frequency 5-13HZ, and sweep velocity is 2-6mm/s.
Further, described laser apparatus adopts is UW-600A type YAG laser.
Further, in step 1), electronic balance FA2004N is adopted to carry out taking of various powder.
Compared with prior art, tool of the present invention has the following advantages:
1. can form on the surface of aluminum alloy base material the Al-Cr-Ti-Si-V alloying layer that one deck hardness is high, wear resistance is good by present method, and alloying layer and aluminum alloy base material have good bonding force, resistance of oxidation is stronger.
2. aluminum alloy surface intensity be can effectively improve, aluminum alloy surface wear resistance and solidity to corrosion improved.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the coating that embodiment 1 obtains.
Fig. 2 is the X ray diffracting spectrum that embodiment 1 obtains coating.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described.
A method for aluminum alloy surface modification, comprises the steps:
1) take Cr, Ti, Si, V and Al powder respectively, wherein, the molar percentage of Cr, Ti, Si, V and Al is: Cr:20-30%, Ti:20-30%, Si:20-30%, V:20-30%, Al:0-10%; Take in process, adopt electronic balance FA2004N to carry out taking of various powder, tolerance range is high, and it is more accurate to take.
2) by 1) in the powder that takes put into ball mill mixing 2-5 hours.
3) configuration concentration is the polyvinyl alcohol solution of 4%, and heating in water bath, polyvinyl alcohol is dissolved completely.
4) polish off with the oxide film of abrasive paper for metallograph by aluminium alloy plate surface, and clean up with acetone.
5) by 2) powder that mixes is with 3) polyvinyl alcohol solution that configures reconciles into thick, by its precoating through 4) aluminium alloy plate after process forms prefabricated coating, this prefabricated coat-thickness is 0.3-0.6mm, then dry 2-5 hours.
6) with laser apparatus, irradiation is carried out to the prefabricated coating on aluminium alloy plate, and adopt high-purity argon gas to protect; During operation, from side direction blowing argon gas, in case oxidation.Because aluminium alloy is high to YAG laser absorption rate; Therefore, described laser apparatus adopts UW-600A type YAG laser, and concrete technology parameter is: the defocusing amount of laser focal spot is 3-5mm, and pulse width is 5-10ms, and laser peak power is 6-8kw, frequency 5-13HZ, and sweep velocity is 2-6mm/s.
High-entropy alloy is formed by equimolar ratio or nearly equimolar ratio preparation by more than 5 kinds or 5 kinds alloying elements, many pivots high-entropy alloy is by its distinctive high entropy effect, slow diffusional effect, the features such as nanophase strengthening and superelevation lattice distortion, be conducive to keeping the high tenacity of alloy, and the high hardness of material, the multiple excellent properties such as high temperature resistant, wear-resistant, corrosion-resistant can be given.The present invention adopts Cr, Ti, Si, V and Al to carry out proportioning, make coated material, when ensureing that it reaches demand, saves material cost better; And the heat physical properties difference such as density, fusing point, specific heat and coefficient of expansion is less between this coated material and alloy matrix aluminum material, thus can be directly used in laser melting coating and obtain the coating of uniform composition, can be implemented in the painting of low cost metal material surface and be covered with high performance high-entropy alloy coating, this will have a good application prospect.
Specific embodiment is as follows:
Embodiment 1, see Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Cr, Ti, Si, V and Al powder is taken with electronic balance FA2004N, the mol ratio of each powder is: the Cr of 23%, the Ti of 28%, the Si of 21%, the V of 27%, the Al of 1%, and the powder just weighed up is placed in ball mill and fully mixes, mixing time is 4 hours.Configure the polyvinyl alcohol of 4% again as caking agent, by its heating in water bath about 10 minutes, make it dissolve completely.Aluminium alloy plate abrasive paper for metallograph is polished off the oxide film on surface, and clean up with acetone.Reconcile into thick by the mixed powder caking agent prepared, by its precoating on the aluminium alloy plate cleaned, coating thickness is 0.5mm, dry 3 hours.What adopt is that UW-600A type YAG laser carries out irradiation to the prefabricated coating on aluminium alloy, adopts high-purity argon gas protection.The defocusing amount of laser focal spot is 3mm, and pulse width is 6ms, and laser peak power is 8kw, frequency 8HZ, and sweep velocity is 5mm/s.Coating Linear cut will be obtained cut, do X-ray diffraction, obtain diffracting spectrum as shown in Figure 2.Momentum profiles analysis and the main alloy phase of the known coating of calculation of thermodynamics are M5Si3 type silicide and BCC phase; The average hardness of coating is HV783; Illustrate that the performance on surface improves.
Embodiment 2, takes Cr, Ti, Si, V and Al powder with electronic balance FA2004N, and mol ratio is: the Cr of 21%, the Ti of 25%, the Si of 23%, the V of 28%, the Al of 3%, and the powder just weighed up is placed in ball mill and fully mixes, mixing time is 5 hours.Configure the polyvinyl alcohol of 4% again as caking agent, by its heating in water bath about 10 minutes, make it dissolve completely.Aluminium alloy plate abrasive paper for metallograph is polished off the oxide film on surface, and clean up with acetone.Reconcile into thick by the mixed powder caking agent prepared, by its precoating on the aluminium alloy plate cleaned, coating thickness is 0.5mm, dry 3 hours.What adopt is that UW-600A type YAG laser carries out irradiation to the prefabricated coating on aluminium alloy, adopts high-purity argon gas protection.The defocusing amount of laser focal spot is 3mm, and pulse width is 6ms, and laser peak power is 8kw, frequency 8HZ, and sweep velocity is 5mm/s.Momentum profiles analysis and the main alloy phase of the known coating of calculation of thermodynamics are M5Si3 type silicide and BCC phase; The average hardness of coating is HV806; Illustrate that the performance on surface improves.
Finally it should be noted that, above embodiment is only in order to illustrate technical scheme of the present invention but not restriction technologies scheme, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, those are modified to technical scheme of the present invention or equivalent replacement, and do not depart from aim and the scope of the technical program, all should be encompassed in the middle of right of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a method for aluminum alloy surface modification, is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
1) take Cr, Ti, Si, V and Al powder respectively, wherein, the molar percentage of Cr, Ti, Si, V and Al is: Cr:20-30%, Ti:20-30%, Si:20-30%, V:20-30%, Al:0-10%;
2) by 1) in the powder that takes put into ball mill mixing 2-5 hours;
3) configuration concentration is the polyvinyl alcohol solution of 4%, and heating in water bath, its polyvinyl alcohol is dissolved completely;
4) polish off with the oxide film of abrasive paper for metallograph by aluminium alloy plate surface, and clean up with acetone;
5) by 2) powder that mixes is with 3) polyvinyl alcohol solution that configures reconciles into thick, by its precoating through 4) aluminium alloy plate after process forms prefabricated coating, this prefabricated coat-thickness is 0.3-0.6 mm, then dry 2-5 hour;
6) with laser apparatus, irradiation is carried out to the prefabricated coating on aluminium alloy plate, and adopt high-purity argon gas to protect.
2. the method for a kind of aluminum alloy surface modification according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step 6), and the defocusing amount of laser focal spot is 3-5mm, and pulse width is 5-10ms, and laser peak power is 6-8kw, frequency 5-13HZ, and sweep velocity is 2-6mm/s.
3. the method for a kind of aluminum alloy surface modification according to claim 1, is characterized in that: it is UW-600A type YAG laser that described laser apparatus adopts.
4. the method for a kind of aluminum alloy surface modification according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step 1), adopts electronic balance FA2004N to carry out taking of various powder.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106350816A (en) * | 2016-11-18 | 2017-01-25 | 无锡明盛纺织机械有限公司 | Method for laser cladding Si-Cr-B-W-Al wear-resistant coating on aluminum alloy |
| CN109623130A (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2019-04-16 | 西安理工大学 | A kind of preparation method of complex intensifying aluminium alloy |
| CN111235561A (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2020-06-05 | 江苏大学 | Preparation method of high-performance Pb/Al coating |
| CN111676475A (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2020-09-18 | 江苏大学 | Preparation method of high-performance Zr/Al coating |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106350816A (en) * | 2016-11-18 | 2017-01-25 | 无锡明盛纺织机械有限公司 | Method for laser cladding Si-Cr-B-W-Al wear-resistant coating on aluminum alloy |
| CN109623130A (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2019-04-16 | 西安理工大学 | A kind of preparation method of complex intensifying aluminium alloy |
| CN109623130B (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2021-05-25 | 西安理工大学 | Preparation method of composite reinforced aluminum alloy |
| CN111235561A (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2020-06-05 | 江苏大学 | Preparation method of high-performance Pb/Al coating |
| CN111676475A (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2020-09-18 | 江苏大学 | Preparation method of high-performance Zr/Al coating |
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