CN104317637A - Multi-agent-based virtual miner safety behavior modeling and emergency simulation system - Google Patents
Multi-agent-based virtual miner safety behavior modeling and emergency simulation system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-agent-based virtual miner safety behavior modeling and emergency simulation system. The system is characterized by comprising a monitoring layer, an analysis layer, a simulation layer, a decision enforcement layer and a database layer, wherein a communication agent is responsible for communication between every two layers; the monitoring layer consists of various detection agents; the analysis layer consists of a database management module; the simulation layer comprises an ordinary simulation module, a self-defined simulation module and an agent generation module; the decision enforcement layer comprises a commanding module, an enforcement module and an evaluation module; the database layer comprises an integrated database, a model base and a knowledge base. According to the system, an evolution trend during the occurrence of various disasters in a mine and evacuation behaviors of underground miners under a real condition can be simulated in a simulation environment, the system can be extended according to different environments of different mines in a self-defined way, a guiding basis is provided for the underground emergency evacuation of the mines in the real condition, and the safety production efficiency and the scientific management level of a mine environment are greatly improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the complication system emulation in computer simulation technique field, particularly relate to the virtual miner safety behavior modeling based on multiple agent and emergent analogue system.
Background technology
Along with the fast development of national economy, country constantly increases coal demand, and coal mining intensity continues to increase, and much potential hidden danger appears day by day, and various disaster accident frequently occurs, and causes " mine disaster " to become the very responsive topic of society.Particularly since 2013, successively there occurs the serious water leak accident in colliery, lake, Pingba County, Anshun City, Guizhou Province mountain Gas Explosion Accidents in Coal Mines under Changhong coal industry company of Ruzhou City of Henan Province coal and gas prominent accident, Yunnan Province, gas explosion accident occurs colliery, gold Zhushan County of Xiang Mei group of Hunan Province, the particularly serious mine disasters such as gas explosion accident occur colliery, Luxian County, Sichuan, bring loss difficult to the appraisal to country, and have a strong impact on social stability and the International Politics image of China.
Virtual reality technology, artificial intelligence technology and artificial life combine with technique are got up, and the research carrying out Intelligent Virtual Environment (Intelligent Virtual Environment, IVE) is current Some Questions To Be Researched.Virtual mine environment is a typical complication system, and setting up the virtual mine meeting borehole operation rule is a systematic engineering of business.Open and extensibility is the most basic feature of virtual mine system, and development approach designs the key of virtual system success or failure especially.For the subject matter that traditional colliery virtual reality system exists in these areas, the present invention will systematically study the safety behavior modeling of virtual mine, explore various information in virtual mine, action rule between knowledge, particularly intellectual technology is incorporated in virtual mine, modeling is carried out to the visual human embodying virtual environment intelligent, the technique of expression of primary study visual human behavioural characteristic, for going deep into cognitive virtual mine environment further, the various Information and knowledge of effective acquisition, and explore the key issues such as visual human's behavior simulation, practicable man-machine interaction means are provided.
At present abroad, the research department of Pittsburgh of occupational safety and health research institute of the U.S. (NIOSH) establishes down-hole virtual human model, and the operation for down-hole bolt supporting is simulated.The safety behavior of Univ Nottingham UK AIMS research centre to underground coal mine compares systematic research, oneself is through developing a set of safety assessment system (SAFE-VR) at present, this system automatically can carry out the safety analysis of production environment, and represents the safe coefficient of environment with " the safe scale " of different colours or form.Australia CSIR O Mine Engineering GROUP has researched and developed virtual mine environmental system (Virtual Mine), Virtual Mine system is one and various different collieries data is carried out the platform of integrated and visual display, by Virtual Mine, user can intuitively, three-dimensionally observed data and relation each other thereof.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides the virtual miner safety behavior modeling based on multiple agent and emergent analogue system, solve current underground coal mine to meet an urgent need in the function singleness of analogue system, system the problems such as emergent entity rule of conduct lack of wisdom, to make up shortage to the research of colliery emergency management system and deficiency.
Entity all kinds of in emergency evacuation analogue system (miner, evacuation personnel, rescue personnel, dangerous matter sources, checkout equipment, rescue aid etc.) is defined as all kinds of intelligent body (Agent) by the present invention.
The present invention relates to the virtual miner safety behavior modeling based on multiple agent and emergent analogue system, comprise supervisory layers, analysis layer, simulation layer, decision-making execution level and database layer, it is characterized in that: the communication between described each layer is responsible for by the Agent that communicates, communication Agent is the basis of whole emergency evacuation analogue system, be responsible for each layer and layer, node and node, detect Message Transmission between Agent and node and various Agent.
Described supervisory layers is in foremost in emergency evacuation analogue system, it is the information collector in accident disposal process, required authentic data is provided for analysis Agent carries out emergent judgement, be responsible for the dangerous matter sources environmental parameter detecting each node of colliery in real time, and the data detected are delivered to analysis layer, be responsible for monitoring the behavior of down-hole miner simultaneously, give a warning in time when down-hole miner makes dangerous behavior act.
Described analysis layer comprises database management module, and on the basis receiving supervisory layers data, the data managed database management module increase, the management of deleting, revising, inquiring about; Meanwhile, the hazardous environment parameter in security context parameter, dangerous rule base in the dangerous matter sources environmental parameter obtained, security rule base is compared, and analysis result is delivered to simulation layer.
Described simulation layer comprises common emulation module, self-defined emulation module and intelligent body generation module, the parameter that simulation layer receives by described common emulation module submits to intelligent body generation module, the parameter wherein received comprises intelligent body parameter and environmental parameter, described intelligent body parameter comprises miner's intelligent body parameter and dangerous matter sources intelligent body parameter, and described environmental parameter comprises environmental hazard parameter and Environmental security parameter; Described self-defined emulation module receives intelligent body parameter and the environmental parameter of user's setting, and parameter is submitted to intelligent body generation module; Described intelligent body generation module is according to the parameter received, on the basis of knowledge base, by emergent entity is mapped as intelligent body, the personal feature of emergent entity is mapped as the status attribute of intelligent body, spontaneous for emergent entity various actions that are that take and that take by extraneous event activated are mapped as the rule of conduct of intelligent body simultaneously, set up various intelligent body prototype;
Described common emulation module and self-defined emulation module include 2D (two dimension) emulation module and 3D (three-dimensional) emulation module, according to the parameter received, the basis in the resources bank of integrated data base, dangerous matter sources storehouse, GIS storehouse builds simulated environment; The generation of emergency event, development and end are intuitively represented by media forms such as two-dimensional scene, three-dimensional scenic, image and videos by described simulated environment in a computer, wherein 2D emulation module is using GIS (Geographic Information System) storehouse as support, realize the evolution process representing emergency evacuation from macroscopic perspective, 3D emulation module corresponds to the data of real two-dimentional Geographic Information System, set up three-dimensional artificial scene, represent emergency evacuation evolution process from microcosmic angle image.
Described decision-making execution level comprises commander module, execution module and evaluation module, commander's module emergency drilling environment of utilizing simulation layer to set up, according to assigning, to execution module issue decision instruction of the drill plan pre-established or rehearsal instruction in real time; After execution module receives decision instruction, when simulated hazard occurs on emulation module, participate in the evacuation scene of commanding and decision-making, realize the object of commander's rehearsal; Speed, floor manager ability, emergency disposal effect, early warning monitoring ability that evaluation module is reached the spot to commander department in this contingency procedure give comprehensive evaluation, are saved in case library as scheme simultaneously.
Described database layer comprises integrated data base, model bank and knowledge base; Described database layer is used for providing Data support for other each layer of emergency evacuation analogue system, and wherein integrated data base comprises resources bank, dangerous matter sources storehouse, GIS storehouse, miner's information bank, prediction scheme storehouse and case library; The quantity of available materials and equipment resources that what described resources bank stored is, kind, distributing position and colliery can describe by the subsidiary unit of emergent troop, process dangerous situation type, professional domain and contact method etc.; What store in described dangerous matter sources storehouse is the danger sources information in colliery, and danger sources information comprises dangerous matter sources spatial geographical locations, in detail distribution plane figure, dangerous matter sources kind, special Response project and associated specialist information etc.; Described GIS library storage be colliery space distribution information and geographical situation information, wherein colliery space distribution information comprises coal mine roadway, underground equipment distribution of facilities, and geographical situation information comprises
The physical environments such as colliery geography, geology; Described miner's information bank is the family information, health and fitness information, working experience information, psychological quality information etc. that store each miner; Described prediction scheme storehouse to work out and the prediction scheme digitizing expanded later, and segmentation with text mode stored in database; Described case library comprises typical case information, and the picture of typical Expeditious Plan, text, video etc. by after digitizing stored in database;
Described model bank comprises disaster source evolution model, miner evacuates behavior model, evacuate path planning model, multiple goal priority scheduling of resource model and decision analytic model; Described disaster source evolution model is extracted and statistical study the Effect Mode of its behavior according in disaster source intelligent body characteristic and the basis determined environmental parameter, calculates the scope of region and the impact may spread after disaster event occurs in disaster source; It is set up miner's abort escape system Dynamics Simulation Model that described miner evacuates behavior model, model parameter is determined, according to the attribute variable of miner's intelligent body in model, rate variable, state variable and environmental variance, set up system dynamics simulation model, calculate the behavior sequence of miner's intelligent body emergency evacuation according to knowledge base; Described evacuation path planning model evacuates path planning for realizing multiple goal, model will according to tunnel web frame in GIS storehouse and related constraint condition, calculate and evacuate relief medium, realize multiple goal and evacuate path planning, as the shortest, the safest best-effort path of distance; To be that multiple target resource point is collaborative be equipped with resource with described multiple goal priority scheduling of resource model, solves the allocation optimum of resource, realize the maximization of resource utilization according to the position of target resource point, demand and the emergency to resource requirement; Described decision analytic model comprises multi-attribute group decision making analytical model and Fuzzy Decision-making Analysis model, when multi-expert is evaluated Multiple Attribute Decision Problems, evaluation vector matrix is set up according to the multiattribute assessment of multi-expert to emergency event, drawn the comprehensive evaluation suggestion of decision-making colony by the individual ideal scheme calculating each attribute, Fuzzy Decision-making Analysis model is according to the decision problem of Fuzzy Decision-making Analysis principle solving combination of qualitative and quantitative analysis;
Described knowledge base comprises security rule base and dangerous rule base; Safety behavior specification under a situation arises of environmental parameter in described security rule base storage security situation and disaster and self rescue knowledge; The behavior that described dangerous rule base stores disaster a situation arises lower environmental parameter and forbids.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is system framework schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the model that calls of execution module and date interworkmg process flow diagram;
Fig. 3 is miner's intelligent body behavior implementation figure;
Fig. 4 is disaster source intelligent body behavior implementation figure;
Fig. 5 is commander's rehearsal work flow diagram;
Fig. 6 is modeling procedure process flow diagram.
Embodiment
System framework as shown in Figure 1.Native system comprises supervisory layers, analysis layer, simulation layer, decision-making execution level and database layer five layers;
(1) integrated data library module
Resources bank: store colliery with the subsidiary unit of emergent troop, process dangerous situation type, professional domain description, contact method etc., can comprise the quantity of materials and equipment resources, kind and distributing position etc. simultaneously;
Dangerous matter sources storehouse: the danger sources information comprising colliery, described danger sources information comprises dangerous matter sources spatial geographical locations, in detail distribution plane figure, dangerous matter sources kind, special Response project, associated specialist information etc.;
GIS storehouse: storage comprises colliery space distribution information and geographical situation information, and colliery space distribution information comprises coal mine roadway, underground equipment distribution of facilities, and geographical situation information comprises the physical environments such as colliery geography, geology;
The family information, health and fitness information, working experience information, psychological quality etc. of each miner of miner's information data library storage;
Prediction scheme storehouse: will work out and the prediction scheme digitizing expanded later, and segmentation with text mode stored in database;
Case library: comprise typical case information, the picture, text, video etc. of typical Expeditious Plan by after digitizing stored in database;
Dangerous matter sources storehouse, resources bank, GIS (Geographic Information System) storehouse are that systems with data supports as other modules of system, and prediction scheme storehouse, case library provide data supporting for knowledge base and commanding and decision-making module.
(2) knowledge base
Knowledge base is the behavior base of Agent, by continuous study, constantly supplements the intelligent of Agent.The mode of knowledge base employing database stores, management and.Knowledge base can be expanded, and implementation method is in database, import the knowledge rule tallied with the actual situation.Knowledge base in native system comprises security rule base and dangerous rule base, the safety behavior specification under security rule base comprises environmental parameter under security situation and disaster a situation arises and self rescue knowledge; Environmental parameter under dangerous rule base comprises disaster a situation arises and hazardous act.
(3) model bank
The diversity of version and complicacy, when determining model integrated, directly should not weave into code model, otherwise encoding amount work can be caused huge, Model Selection difficulty.Model bank needs to use numerous model to organize by OO version, carries out effective management and.Model bank can be reused, can Select to use targetedly, can expand according to actual conditions.Implementation method is the dynamic link library file each model independent each model from code being generated oneself, after utilizing object-oriented progreamming method to encapsulate, finally forms the model bank of system.Model comprises disaster source evolution model, miner evacuates behavior model, evacuate path planning model, multiple goal priority scheduling of resource model, decision analytic model etc.
Describe in detail in the present embodiment with drag:
Disaster source evolution model: model extracts and statistical study the Effect Mode of its behavior according in disaster source intelligent body characteristic and the basis determined environmental parameter, calculate the scope of region and the impact may spread after disaster event occurs in disaster source, emphasis simulates the behavior reaction of disaster source intelligent body under the impacts such as guiding function, differentiation diffusion and random moving obstacle, result tallies with the actual situation, for providing reference to current with hazard level that is that will occur and ranging assessments during process emergency event.
Miner evacuates behavior model: set up miner's abort escape system Dynamics Simulation Model.First model parameter is determined, according to the attribute variable of miner's intelligent body in such as model, rate variable, state variable and environmental variance, establish system dynamics simulation model, calculate the behavior sequence of miner's intelligent body emergency evacuation according to knowledge base.Consider the competitiveness and judgement of evacuating miner in evacuation process in model, by the conformity behavior of evacuating between miner, miner's fitness, the external factors such as the information interchange of a guiding function and channel block are on being evacuated the impact of miner.
Evacuate path planning model: carry out aims of systems analysis, path planning object is evacuated in the expection that certainty annuity will reach.Model will according to tunnel web frame in GIS storehouse and related constraint condition, calculate and evacuate relief medium, realize multiple goal and evacuate path planning, as the shortest, the safest best-effort path of distance, for the formulation of miner's Evacuation Strategies and the tunnel design in significant risk location provide reference frame.
Multiple goal priority scheduling of resource model: the multiple resource points of multiple goal priority scheduling of resource model is multiple target resource point collaborative outfit resource, solve the allocation optimum of resource according to the position of target resource point, demand and the emergency to resource requirement, realize the maximization of resource utilization.
Decision analytic model: multi-attribute group decision making analytical model, when multi-expert is evaluated Multiple Attribute Decision Problems, set up evaluation vector matrix according to the multiattribute assessment of multi-expert to emergency event, drawn the comprehensive evaluation suggestion of decision-making colony by the individual ideal scheme calculating each attribute; Fuzzy Decision-making Analysis model, according to the decision problem of Fuzzy Decision-making Analysis principle solving combination of qualitative and quantitative analysis.
Agent based modeling rule is as follows: in t, S
tthe state set of intelligent body, E
tit is that intelligent body perceives, the external event of spread effect can be produced to its state and behavior set; A
tbe the set of intelligent body behavior, comprise intelligent body spontaneous that take and stimulate all behaviors taked by external event; Y
tbe that intelligent body stimulates the empirical index number carrying out with other intelligent body obtaining in interactive learning process in the external event of impression, the constraint condition of N suffered by intelligent body, comprises environment, other intelligent body and task object to the restriction of this intelligent body.
Intelligent body rule of conduct:
ε (α, a
t, E
t, Y
t) represent it is that intelligent body α is at environment E
twith experience Y
twhen consummatory behavior A
tafter outcome evaluation, " → " represent " meeting ", N represents the constraint condition suffered by intelligent body, and Λ represents task standard.Equation represents intelligent body at environment E above
twith experience Y
twhen consummatory behavior A
tafter, lower a moment state set S
t, meet the task standard Λ of constraint condition N and intelligent body.
Intelligent body behavior empirical learning rule:
In action learning process when intelligent body intelligent shows that it is executed the task, constantly obtain based on the experience of dealing with problems with its environmental interaction effect.These experiences by the mode be recorded and upgrade, for generation of intelligent behavior.
expression experience state Y
t, based on ambient condition S
trenewal.F () represents that experience Y is to the Function Mapping of behavior A.
Environmental renewal rule:
At moment t, the behavior A of all intelligent bodies
tafter execution, complete the renewal of ambient condition,
represent ambient condition S
tbehavior-based control set A
trenewal.
Dispersal plan lays down a regulation:
The present invention adopts customizable workflow mechanism, the treatment scheme of the emergency preplan being present in paper being visualized as can for the emergency command flow process of cammander, according to the demand of decision making function, extract correlation model, method, prediction scheme, knowledge, assessment result and statistical information respectively.On this basis, the dispersal plan inference machine that lays down a regulation carries out reasoning according to the multidate information of emergency event, makes dispersal plan suggestion.
Knowledge for coping with emergencies reasoning production:
Based on existing knowwhy or statistics factual data, knowledge for coping with emergencies reasoning production (IF P THEN Q is set, if represent that true P sets up, then perform Q), use RBR machine, realize identifying effective, novel, potentially useful from data centralization and finally can understanding the high-level processes of information pattern.
Such as, according to domestic correlative study (Lu Junan etc. mathematical model [J] Wuhan University Journal (engineering version) of evacuation speed for personnel in buildings, 2002,35 (2): 68-70), as density of personnel less (per capita area) 2.3m
2) time, evacuating personnel speed value is lm/s; When personnel are than (per capita area <0.5m during comparatively dense
2), evacuating personnel value is 0.37m/s; When per capita area between these time, flow of personnel speed press mathematical formulae calculate.Speed reasoning production:
If
then?v＝1m/s；
Ifρ>2,then?v＝0.37m/s；
If?
then
v＝0.35×[1.32-0.82×ln(ρ)]+0.01×(3.0-0.76×ρ)+0.2；
Wherein ρ is density, unit behaviour/m
2.
Parameter configuration module realizes the configuration of emergency event, emergent entity and environmental parameter, such as emergency event scene, and disaster source intelligent body rate of propagation, evacuates miner's quantity, object, position distribution etc.By there being the parameter configuration module at interface, the parameter value of emergency event, emergent entity and environmental parameter under different emergent scene can be customized in virtual environment.
Complete on the basis building database and parameter configuration, the microcosmic meeting truth set up in emergency circumstances evacuates scene environment model, is mapped in emulation module by the environmental information structure in scene and goes, for evacuation emulation provides emulation platform.In the present embodiment, platform based on the GIS map of two-dimensional simulation environmental selection colliery, sets up geographical information space topological relation.From GIS angle, environment comprises point, line, surface three aspects.Point, represents the node in colliery, each functional organization's configuration node in colliery, and the line of the node in colliery constitutes colliery axle-line, represents the traffic lines-face in colliery, refers to regional conditions and the characters of location in region residing for plot.Tunnel node, tunnel traffic lines, plot represent with " point " entity in GIS spatial data storehouse, " line " entity, " face " entity respectively.Such as, basis openings network belongs to " line " entity, and the data message comprised has by the traffic capacity, the maximum flow storage capacity in each section of evacuating in the position of miner assembly place and number thereof, the position of refuge and capacity thereof, openings network, freely flows the information such as journey time.Three-dimensional artificial environment is realized by D modeling tool, sets up virtual three-dimensional simulated world corresponding to two-dimensional simulation module.In addition, this module needs in environmental factor, on the basis as factor analyses such as down-hole miner distribution, travel positions, and the boundary of certainty annuity simulated environment, such as, in tunnel road network structure, one-way section, the motion of traffic intelligent body restriction any direction.
Emergent emulation module, as the platform representing simulated environment, will dynamically update the state of emergent intelligent body and the change of environment in real time, simulation result is informed user intuitively.
After parameter configuration interface module completes parameter configuration, emergent intelligent body generation module utilizes multi-agent Technology, by disaster source, evacuation miner, medical facilities under the emergency circumstance of colliery on the basis of knowledge base, salvage device is defined as intelligent body ((Agent), on the basis of the behavior details fully analyzed in emergency evacuation process and influence factor thereof, map intelligent body substance feature property value, set up all kinds of intelligent body prototype according to knowledge in knowledge base.All kinds of intelligent body prototype has intelligent, and the mathematical model related to and rule of conduct (modeling of intelligent body prototype, rule of conduct and empirical learning rule) refer to knowledge base part.
Introduce disaster source intelligent body below in detail, evacuate miner's intelligent body, hospital's intelligent body, the individual character parameter of vehicular traffic intelligent body; Become the parameter value of mathematics or logical operation in rule of conduct after these parameters are quantized, along with the refinement of model, parameter can expand, and in model bank, model can do corresponding correction.
Disaster source intelligent body characterisitic parameter: scene, disaster scale, rate of propagation, coverage.
Evacuate miner's intelligent body characterisitic parameter: initialized target, current location, self attributes (health degree, speed), psychological factor (panic degree, degree of pressure, group psychology), knowledge level (familiarity, cognitive learning ability to environment).
Vehicular traffic intelligent body characterisitic parameter: (full, state value is 0 for initialized target, current location, speed, current state; Free time, state value is the manned capacity of vehicle saved), degree of communication.
Hospital's intelligent body characterisitic parameter: geographic position, capacity (hold number of patients, medical material quantity), (full, state value is 1 to current state; Free time, state value is 0), therapeutic efficiency.
The model that execution module calls and date interworkmg flow process are as shown in Figure 2.Wherein, in figure, intelligent body is produced by intelligent body generation module, comprises disaster source intelligent body, miner's intelligent body, hospital's intelligent body, Vehicle Agent; Environmental variance comprises the GIS foundation geodata and relevant environment constraint condition (comprising traffic, disaster source distribution, Crowds Distribute) that geo-spatial data word bank provides, derive from database module and Basis of Database data are provided, the communication data that the intelligent body that parameter interface configuration module provides/environmental parameter value and communication module provide.
Disaster source evolution model: disaster source intelligent body utilizes the disaster source evolution model in model bank, and it develops, diffusion process to calculate, and result of calculation constantly updates environmental variance simultaneously, focuses on the constraint condition upgrading the diffusion couple environment generation of disaster source;
Optimized model: on the basis of resource library data, dangerous matter sources database data and environmental variance, Optimized model in model bank comprises multiple goal priority scheduling of resource model, decision analytic model (multi-attribute group decision making analytical model, Fuzzy Decision-making Analysis model), for solving resource allocation optimization, intelligent decision problem;
Evacuate path planning model: on the basis of disaster source evolution model and Optimized model, evacuate path planning model in model bank and utilize constraint condition in existing result of calculation and Optimal Parameters, on the basis of environmental variance, solve the multiobject path planning problems such as evacuation time is the shortest, environmental disruption is minimum, for population evacuation model is as the guidance of path planning, if system simplifies Optimized model, the basis of evacuating path planning model then direct related constraint condition in disaster source evolution model and environmental variance calculates;
Miner evacuates behavior model: miner evacuates behavior model on the basis of evacuating path planning model, utilizes environmental variance information, calculates the behavior of miner's intelligent body, hospital's intelligent body and Vehicle Agent.All kinds of intelligent body interphase interaction, intelligent body parameter and environmental variance real-time update, such as miner's intelligent body can not arrive environment space by position that other occupy; Vehicle Agent carries n name miner intelligent body and leaves, then evacuate miner's intelligent body sum and reduce n; Miner's intelligent body obtains treatment at hospital's intelligent body, and hospital's intelligent body berth parameter increases by 1, and the healthy property value of miner's intelligent body returns 1.According to actual emulation environment, other intelligent body of easily extensible.
Miner's intelligent body behavior implementation as shown in Figure 3.In t, first miner's intelligent body will arrange escape task, utilize in model bank and evacuate path planning model and carry out path planning calculating, simultaneously, utilize multiple goal priority scheduling of resource model, decision analytic model in model bank to carry out model optimization calculating, calculate conclusion and provide optimization information for path planning calculates; Utilize disaster source evolution model in model bank to carry out disaster source and develop calculating, calculating conclusion is path planning calculating and setting constraint condition;
After path planning scheme calculates, in environmental variance and miner's intelligent body self attributes (health degree, speed), in psychological factor (panic degree, degree of pressure, group psychology), knowledge level (familiarity, cognitive learning ability to environment) parameter configuration basis, carry out miner's intelligent body rule of conduct and calculate;
After calculating completes, behavior performs, and upgrades environmental variance, visually outputs to emulation module, and carry out Performance Evaluation; Enter t+l moment cycle calculations.Miner's intelligent body entity execution module can show group behavior in evacuation process after running, such as, between crowd mutual, competition, queues up, the intelligent phenomenon such as in groups.
Disaster source intelligent body behavior implementation as shown in Figure 4.In t, first disaster source intelligent body will carry out parameter configuration to the differentiation behavior of disaster, utilizes disaster source evolution model in model bank to carry out disaster source and develops calculating; Perform the differentiation behavior calculated, carry out Performance Evaluation, enter t+l moment cycle calculations; Simultaneously upgrade environmental variance according to execution result, such as overlay area, disaster source area, diffusion trend, and visually output to emulation module.
Commander's rehearsal work flow diagram as shown in Figure 5.Virtual emergent simulated drill environment in emulation module, the drill plan can worked out in advance by commander's module, or issue the instruction of evacuation rehearsal in real time, after execution module receives instruction, rehearsal commander instruction is performed under virtual environment, after receiving an assignment, gather data, mainly comprise emergency evacuation action object information, the composition performing emergency evacuation strength and ability information, evacuation area natural conditions, such as, wait to evacuate miner's quantity, type; After gather data completes, formulate dispersal plan, the result of calculation of the rehearsal emulation in model bank in seismic responses calculated (comprising multiple-objection optimization resource dispatching model, decision analytic model) and emulation module provides technical basis for formulation dispersal plan; After having formulated dispersal plan, work out action plan, assigned evacuation instruction, in the present embodiment, the key element of evacuating instruction comprises cammander, command target, command means, command information; Then implement action plan, realize the enforcement of action plan in execution module, the result of realization carries out Performance Evaluation, assess the dispersal plan worked out and whether meet command scheduling requirement, be, terminate rehearsal, otherwise reason is searched in analysis, gather data again, carries out the dispersal plan rehearsal of a new round.
Evaluation module utilizes decision analytic model in model bank to add up emergency information to the impact of evacuation efficiency, such as statistical information, disaster source dates value, scale factor, rate of propagation etc., the dispersal plan factor, traffic scheduling, participation miner distribution etc., providing analysis conclusion, providing foundation for formulating optimum emergency plan.Execution module and emulation module provide information for evaluation module, and emergent assessment result provides stock of knowledge for knowledge base.
Based on the modeling of virtual miner safety behavior and the emergent analogue system of multiple agent, wherein said virtual miner safety behavior modeling comprises following step (as shown in Figure 6):
Step 1: simulation parameter is set
Parameter configuration module receives the simulation parameter that user is arranged, and parameters is submitted to intelligent body generation module and emulation module; Described parameters is made up of intelligent body parameter and environmental parameter; Described intelligent body parameter comprises miner's intelligent body parameter and disaster source intelligent body parameter, and described environmental parameter comprises environmental hazard parameter and Environmental security parameter;
Step 2: build emulation platform
The parameter arranged in self-defined emulation module receiving step 1, submits to intelligent body generation module by parameter; Wherein self-defined emulation module comprises two-dimensional simulation module and three-dimensional artificial module; Intelligent body generation module is according to the parameter received, the basis in the resources bank of integrated data base, dangerous matter sources storehouse, GIS storehouse builds simulated environment, by emergent entity is mapped as intelligent body, the personal feature of emergent entity is mapped as the status attribute of intelligent body, spontaneous for emergent entity various actions that are that take and that take by extraneous event activated are mapped as the rule of conduct of intelligent body, set up various intelligent body prototype;
Step 3: draft emulation plan
On the basis of the emulation platform of step 2 structure, according to the knowledge rule in knowledge base and the model in model bank, calculate and perform intelligent body generation module produce the behavior of all kinds of intelligent bodies in simulated environment, calculate by decision analytic model in model bank impact that all kinds of optimum configurations produces emergency event and formulate corresponding emergency plan, simultaneously, dynamically update status attribute and the simulated environment of intelligent body, result of calculation is outputted to execution module;
Step 4: perform emulation plan and Output simulation result
The emulation plan that commander's module receiving step 3 produces, and issue execution instruction by commander's module; Execution module starts to perform corresponding action after receiving instruction; The generation of emergency event, development and end are intuitively represented in a computer by media forms such as two-dimensional scene, three-dimensional scenic, image and videos;
Step 5: evaluate simulation result
According to the simulation result of step 4, speed, floor manager ability, emergency disposal effect, early warning monitoring ability that evaluation module is reached the spot to commander department in this contingency procedure, provide assessment final conclusion, simultaneously as knowledge store to knowledge base; The impact that emergency event produces comprises the extent of injury, coverage, miner evacuate result.
The present invention is based on the thought of layering, adopt bottom-up method, the microcosmic model of mind of dispersion is utilized to simulate whole complication system, by the microscopic behavior of all kinds of intelligent body entity agent of real simulation, again by these individual by the macroscopic law of interaction compound mapping to whole system, realize being interacted by simple elements and the complicated phenomenon formed; Artificial intelligence, database and computer simulation technique are effectively combined, set up the virtual miner safety behavior modeling based on multiple agent and emergent analogue system, there is following features:
(1) intelligent strong, accuracy is high
The present invention does not preset the individual behavior of all kinds of entity agent, but foothold is placed on modeling in the autonomy of intelligent body behavior, reasoning, communication and coordination mechanism, realize autonomous self-organization, cognition and learning ability, make to emulate the simulation process of evacuating intelligent, all kinds of intellectual Agent is when carrying out simulated environment information effectively filtering, combination model carries out effective reasoning, and realize the intelligent behavior emulation of real world, accuracy is high.
(2) form of expression is more directly perceived
The present invention can realize the different angles from microcosmic and macroscopic view, the dynamic process of miner's evacuation is represented by media forms such as two-dimensional scene, three-dimensional scenic, image or videos, the form of expression is more directly perceived, more approaching to reality environment, especially GIS platform and three-dimensional modeling simulated environment the most effective.
(3) versatility is high
The present invention is directed to the emergency event of dissimilar, rank and level, according to actual conditions, by configuring real model parameter and environmental parameter, screen the knowledge and model of mating in knowledge base and model bank, completion system customed, be applicable to the analogue simulation of different emergency event, realize approaching the function such as the emergent emulation in colliery, commander rehearsal, intelligent decision of reality.
(4) extendability is high
Knowledge base of the present invention and model bank have extensibility.Along with emergency evacuation research deeply, the refinement of problem and the raising of technology, the information in knowledge base and model bank can be expanded, revise, and is applicable to different emergency event analogue simulations.According to different colliery features and actual conditions, the practicable virtual miner safety behavior modeling based on multiple agent and emergent analogue system can be set up.
The present invention can from the self-defined all kinds of intelligent body substance parameter in both macro and micro two level aspects and rule of conduct, all kinds of intelligent bodies such as true description dangerous matter sources entity agent, miner's entity agent, traffic entity Agent, rescue team's entity agent, set up effective disaster evolution model, evacuate path planning model, miner evacuates the computation model such as behavior model, multiple goal priority scheduling of resource model, real simulation intelligent body is accurate action process under the disaster emergency circumstance.The present invention can customize environmental parameter, intelligent body substance parameter under applicable different scene, and expansion, knowledge for coping with emergencies in correction model storehouse and knowledge base, solve current all kinds of specialty and to meet an urgent need the problem of analogue system function singleness, there is versatility and extendability; The present invention can simulate, verify emergency plan, and for improving emergent efficiency, reduction evacuation risk provides technical basis.
Claims (6)
1., based on the modeling of virtual miner safety behavior and the emergent analogue system of multiple agent, comprise supervisory layers, analysis layer, simulation layer, decision-making execution level and database layer, it is characterized in that:
Communication between described each layer is responsible for by the Agent that communicates (intelligent body), communication Agent is the basis of whole emergency evacuation analogue system, be responsible for each layer and layer, node and node, detect Message Transmission between Agent and node and various Agent.
2., as claimed in claim 1 based on the modeling of virtual miner safety behavior and the emergent analogue system of multiple agent, it is characterized in that:
Described supervisory layers is in foremost in emergency evacuation analogue system, it is the information collector in accident disposal process, required authentic data is provided for analysis Agent carries out emergent judgement, be responsible for the dangerous matter sources environmental parameter detecting each node of colliery in real time, and the data detected are delivered to analysis layer, be responsible for monitoring the behavior of down-hole miner simultaneously, give a warning in time when down-hole miner makes dangerous behavior act.
3., as claimed in claim 1 based on the modeling of virtual miner safety behavior and the emergent analogue system of multiple agent, it is characterized in that:
Described analysis layer comprises database management module, and on the basis receiving supervisory layers data, the data managed database management module increase, the management of deleting, revising, inquiring about; Meanwhile, the hazardous environment parameter in security context parameter, dangerous rule base in the dangerous matter sources environmental parameter obtained, security rule base is compared, and analysis result is delivered to simulation layer.
4., as claimed in claim 1 based on the modeling of virtual miner safety behavior and the emergent analogue system of multiple agent, it is characterized in that:
Described simulation layer comprises common emulation module, self-defined emulation module and intelligent body generation module, the parameter that simulation layer receives by described common emulation module submits to intelligent body generation module, the parameter wherein received comprises intelligent body parameter and environmental parameter, described intelligent body parameter comprises miner's intelligent body parameter and dangerous matter sources intelligent body parameter, and described environmental parameter comprises environmental hazard parameter and Environmental security parameter; Described self-defined emulation module receives intelligent body parameter and the environmental parameter of user's setting, and parameter is submitted to intelligent body generation module; Described intelligent body generation module is according to the parameter received, on the basis of knowledge base, by emergent entity is mapped as intelligent body, the personal feature of emergent entity is mapped as the status attribute of intelligent body, spontaneous for emergent entity various actions that are that take and that take by extraneous event activated are mapped as the rule of conduct of intelligent body simultaneously, set up various intelligent body prototype;
Described common emulation module and self-defined emulation module include 2D (two dimension) emulation module and 3D (three-dimensional) emulation module, according to the parameter received, the basis in the resources bank of integrated data base, dangerous matter sources storehouse, GIS (Geographic Information System) storehouse builds simulated environment; The generation of emergency event, development and end are intuitively represented by media forms such as two-dimensional scene, three-dimensional scenic, image and videos by described simulated environment in a computer, wherein 2D emulation module is using GIS storehouse as support, realize the evolution process representing emergency evacuation from macroscopic perspective, 3D emulation module corresponds to the data of real two-dimentional Geographic Information System, set up three-dimensional artificial scene, represent emergency evacuation evolution process from microcosmic angle image.
5., as the virtual miner safety behavior modeling based on multiple agent and the emergent analogue system of claim 1 requirement, it is characterized in that:
Described decision-making execution level comprises commander module, execution module and evaluation module, commander's module emergency drilling environment of utilizing simulation layer to set up, according to assigning, to execution module issue decision instruction of the drill plan pre-established or rehearsal instruction in real time; After execution module receives decision instruction, when simulated hazard occurs on emulation module, participate in the evacuation scene of commanding and decision-making, realize the object of commander's rehearsal; Speed, floor manager ability, emergency disposal effect, early warning monitoring ability that evaluation module is reached the spot to commander department in this contingency procedure give comprehensive evaluation, are saved in case library as scheme simultaneously.
6., as claimed in claim 1 based on the modeling of virtual miner safety behavior and the emergent analogue system of multiple agent, it is characterized in that:
Described database layer comprises integrated data base, model bank and knowledge base; Described database layer is used for providing Data support for other each layer of emergency evacuation analogue system, and wherein integrated data base comprises resources bank, dangerous matter sources storehouse, GIS storehouse, miner's information bank, prediction scheme storehouse and case library; The quantity of available materials and equipment resources that what described resources bank stored is, kind, distributing position and colliery can describe by the subsidiary unit of emergent troop, process dangerous situation type, professional domain and contact method etc.; What store in described dangerous matter sources storehouse is the danger sources information in colliery, and danger sources information comprises dangerous matter sources spatial geographical locations, in detail distribution plane figure, dangerous matter sources kind, special Response project and associated specialist information etc.; Described GIS library storage be colliery space distribution information and geographical situation information, wherein colliery space distribution information comprises coal mine roadway, underground equipment distribution of facilities, and geographical situation information comprises the physical environments such as colliery geography, geology; Described miner's information bank is the family information, health and fitness information, working experience information, psychological quality information etc. that store each miner; Described prediction scheme storehouse to work out and the prediction scheme digitizing expanded later, and segmentation with text mode stored in database; Described case library comprises typical case information, and the picture of typical Expeditious Plan, text, video etc. by after digitizing stored in database;
Described model bank comprises disaster source evolution model, miner evacuates behavior model, evacuate path planning model, multiple goal priority scheduling of resource model and decision analytic model; Described disaster source evolution model is extracted and statistical study the Effect Mode of its behavior according in disaster source intelligent body characteristic and the basis determined environmental parameter, calculates the scope of region and the impact may spread after disaster event occurs in disaster source; It is set up miner's abort escape system Dynamics Simulation Model that described miner evacuates behavior model, model parameter is determined, according to the attribute variable of miner's intelligent body in model, rate variable, state variable and environmental variance, set up system dynamics simulation model, calculate the behavior sequence of miner's intelligent body emergency evacuation according to knowledge base; Described evacuation path planning model evacuates path planning for realizing multiple goal, model will according to tunnel web frame in GIS storehouse and related constraint condition, calculate and evacuate relief medium, realize multiple goal and evacuate path planning, as the shortest, the safest best-effort path of distance; To be that multiple target resource point is collaborative be equipped with resource with described multiple goal priority scheduling of resource model, solves the allocation optimum of resource, realize the maximization of resource utilization according to the position of target resource point, demand and the emergency to resource requirement; Described decision analytic model comprises multi-attribute group decision making analytical model and Fuzzy Decision-making Analysis model, when multi-expert is evaluated Multiple Attribute Decision Problems, evaluation vector matrix is set up according to the multiattribute assessment of multi-expert to emergency event, drawn the comprehensive evaluation suggestion of decision-making colony by the individual ideal scheme calculating each attribute, Fuzzy Decision-making Analysis model is according to the decision problem of Fuzzy Decision-making Analysis principle solving combination of qualitative and quantitative analysis;
Described knowledge base comprises security rule base and dangerous rule base; Safety behavior specification under a situation arises of environmental parameter in described security rule base storage security situation and disaster and self rescue knowledge; The behavior that described dangerous rule base stores disaster a situation arises lower environmental parameter and forbids.
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