CN103810741B - A kind of down-hole emergency evacuation virtual crowds simulation method based on multiple agent - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of down-hole emergency evacuation virtual crowds simulation method based on multiple agent.The method, based on multi-agent Technology, constructs a kind of Virtual mine emergency escape crowd simulation framework, and simulation frame is mainly made up of crowd simulation engine, geometric scene simulation engine, scene database, event recorder, human-computer interaction interface 5 part.Consider the impact on miner for the health factor such as physiology, psychology when mine disaster occurs, and the miner of different role is different to the understanding of mine knowledge when mine disaster occurs, the behaviour decision making made is different, the method actor-oriented is theoretical, constructs multiple agent miner crowd's emergency evacuation model and the algorithm of the different role such as class monitor and group leader, experienced miner, common miner, rescuer.The emulation mode that the present invention proposes can well simulate mine truth, has good versatility and verisimilitude, can be provided with effect technique for downhole safety crash analysis support with prevention, mine safety training, rescue rehearsal.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the fields such as virtual reality, artificial intelligence, safety of coal mines, be specifically related to based on many intelligence
The down-hole virtual crowd emergency evacuation emulation mode of energy body.
Background technology
Coal industry field is the important foundation industry promoting China's economic development, and it directly concerns the economy of country
Lifeblood, is the basic guarantee of economic development, and meanwhile, coal industry is again high-risk industry, according to not complete
Full statistics, in annual industry injures and deaths, more than sixty percent from colliery industry.Substantial amounts of accident shows to occur in mine disaster
Shi Ruguo can effectively withdraw crowd, and wrecked number can significantly be controlled.
But there is the features such as sudden, uncertain, emerging in large numbers property, calamity due to mine disaster, with
And the landform that down-hole is special, cause, when mine disaster occurs, extremely difficult is just seemed to the evacuation of crowd.Traditional
Down-hole crowd's emergency evacuation Training Methodology is by analysis of cases, carries out safety training, simulation mine disaster training
Complete;But due to the complexity of subsurface environment, some rescue trainings are difficult to simulation true environment, and rehearsal
There is greater risk in itself, therefore this method is difficult to realize, or much more expensive, is extremely difficult to preferable effect.
The research underground coal mine production complication system that develops into of virtual reality technology provides new method, exists at present
Mine planning and virtual design, mining simulation, virtual secure training, risk assessment, accident simulation etc.
Aspect is necessarily applied.But, for the miner's emergency evacuation process how building underground emergency situation,
Still lack effective ways both at home and abroad at present.This aspect does not still have related application, some opinions published
Literary composition also focuses on the Geometric Modeling of Virtual mine mostly.
On the other hand, in distributed artificial intelligence, multi-agent Technology is individual by definition and the friendship between individuality
Rule mutually, thus the method emerging in large numbers system global behavior, be widely used in problem solving, virtual environment, group
The fields such as body robot, are especially suitable for the description to down-hole virtual crowd.The present invention is on this basis, organic
In conjunction with artificial intelligence, virtual reality and safety of coal mines technology, innovatively propose a kind of based on multiple agent skill
The emulation mode of Virtual mine crowd's emergency escape of art.The method based role is theoretical, emulates down-hole accident
In emergency evacuation, the row of the different role miners such as class monitor and group leader, experienced miner, common miner, rescuer
For with decision-making capability, can be downhole safety crash analysis and prevention, mine safety training, rescue rehearsal offer
Effective technology supports, and has important reality to lifting Safety Management Level of Coal Mines, minimizing mine safety accident
Meaning and social value.
Content of the invention
For above deficiency of the prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of simulation true feelings of mine
Condition, has the down-hole emergency evacuation virtual crowds simulation based on multiple agent of good versatility and verisimilitude
Method.Technical scheme is as follows: a kind of down-hole emergency evacuation virtual crowd based on multiple agent is imitated
True method, it comprises the following steps:
101st, setting up Virtual mine emergency escape simulation model, including crowd simulation engine, geometric scene emulates
Engine, scene database, event recorder and human-computer interaction interface;Wherein said crowd simulation engine is used for
Generate many intelligence miner colonies, miner is divided into some different roles, different role when simulation mine disaster occurs
Concrete reaction;Described geometric scene simulation engine is for generating the image scene of 3D, it is achieved the rendering of scene,
And the dynamic simulation with personage;Described scene database includes geometric scene storehouse and physical environment parameter library;
Described event recorder is used for recording emulation accident analog case, is used for the analysis to mine disaster further, is caught
The event obtaining is also used for comparing with known event withdrawing scheme to obtain;Described human-computer interaction interface is used for
The image generating computer, generates 3D environment after being processed by 3D glasses, 3D sound effect device, passes through data
Gloves and the helmet, user is in real time and virtual scene carries out dynamic mutual;
102nd, the Virtual mine emergency escape simulation model set up according to step 101, uses actor-oriented theoretical
Emulate;
A1, in simulated environment, miner A normally works;
A2, miner's A check whether there is fire or smog emergency case, when not having emergency case then to jump to A1,
Otherwise then jump to step A3;
A3, miner A notify that other miners, to specified point set, obtain circuit of runing away, and whether judge road
Unimpeded, if the coast is clear, jump to A6, otherwise jump to step A4;
A4, judge whether miner A is leader, if not leader then jumps to A6, otherwise jump to step
Rapid A5;
A5, miner A search for mine framework route, it is thus achieved that new escape routes, and route is conveyed to other
Miner;
A6, follow leader, jump to step A7;
A7, judge that whether all miners are healthy, if the healthy value of miner B is less than setting, then in original place etc.
Wait to rescue, otherwise jump to step A8;
A8, leader judge evacuation route environment whether safety, if dangerous, jump to A4, otherwise redirect
To step A9;
A9, safety complete to withdraw.
Further, the multiple agent miner in step 101 includes sensing module, motion module, cognitive mould
Block, behavior module and built-in attribute module, wherein, described sensing module obtains the various letters in virtual environment
Breath;Described motion module is for synthesizing and control to the motion of virtual miner;Described cognition module realizes task
Planning and path planning;Described behavior module completes for one task of planning;Described built-in attribute module is used
Physiology, psychological condition in reaction down-hole miner.
Further, the geometric scene storehouse in step 101 Scene database includes Virtual mine environment
Key data information, Virtual mine is processed as a kind of hierarchical mode by geometric scene storehouse, including high-rise topological diagram
With bottom grid map, when withdrawing, leader miner is found by dijkstra's algorithm according to high-rise topological diagram
Go out rough best-effort path, carry out global path navigation;If running into obstacle, carry out exact path planning,
Virtual miner application geometric scene grid chart, is realized local paths planning by A* algorithm.
Further, the physical environment parameter library in step 101 Scene database is stored with in virtual scene
Temperature, humidity, gas density and smog value ambient parameter.
Advantages of the present invention and having the beneficial effect that:
The present invention innovatively proposes a kind of Virtual mine crowd's emergency escape based on multi-agent Technology
Emulation mode.The method based role is theoretical, in emulation down-hole accident emergency evacuation, class monitor and group leader, has experience
Miner, common miner, the behavior of the different role miner such as rescuer and decision-making capability, can be downhole safety
Crash analysis is provided with effect technique supports with prevention, mine safety training, rescue rehearsal, pacifies to promoting colliery
Full managerial skills, minimizing mine safety accident have important practical significance and social value.By virtual existing
The method of real emulation studies down-hole crowd's emergency evacuation, can not only reappear down-hole accident generating process, moreover it is possible to
It by the interactivity of virtual reality, the behaviour decision making process of emulation down-hole emergency evacuation crowd, is downhole safety
Crash analysis is provided with effect technique supports with prevention, mine safety training, rescue rehearsal.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is preferred embodiment of the present invention simulation frame structure;
Fig. 2 is the virtual miner model structure of multiple agent;
Fig. 3 is virtual miner colony emergency escape scheme.
Detailed description of the invention
The invention will be further elaborated to provide a non-limiting embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
First being system emulation framework, simulation frame is by geometric scene simulation engine, crowd simulation engine, thing
Part logger, scene database, human-computer interaction interface etc. 5 parts composition, each several part is mutually coordinated complete whole
Individual analogue system works, and when emulation is carried out, it is as follows that each several part implements function:
Geometric scene simulation engine part mainly generates the image scene of 3D, such as whole subsurface environment,
Barrier, outlet, exit direction etc., then realize rendering and and people of scene by simulation software
The dynamic simulation of thing.Object 3D modeling in scene is realized by we by Multigen Creator,
Simulation software uses VegaPrime.
In simulation frame, scene database includes geometric scene storehouse, physical environment parameter library.Geometric scene
Storehouse mainly comprises the key data information of Virtual mine environment.According to " safety regulations in coal mine ", and mine
Actual conditions, we with the addition of some main informations in the knowledge model of Virtual mine, such as: meeting point,
Main escape route, auxiliary escape route, shortest path etc., miner according to the difference of role to mine information
There are different access rights, as gaffer, experienced miner and rescuer etc. have when mine disaster occurs
Have mine the A to Z of model, they to escape route all it is clear that know various prediction scheme of runing away, and can root
According to these knowledge, rebuild evacuation route.But common miner only has mine office when mine disaster occurs
Portion's knowledge model, can only select to follow leader most of the time and carry out emergency escape.
Virtual mine is processed as a kind of hierarchical mode by geometric scene storehouse, and it includes topological diagram and the bottom of high level
Grid map.In withdrawing, leader miner is searched out rough escape according to topological diagram by dijkstra's algorithm
Path, carries out global path navigation;If running into obstacle, need to carry out exact path planning, virtual miner
Application geometric scene grid chart, is realized local paths planning by A* algorithm.
Temperature in main storage virtual scene, humidity, gas density, smog value in physical environment parameter library
Etc. ambient parameter.In view of the real-time of virtual reality emulation, these physical parameters are mainly according to ventilation at present
Network theory, carries out network and resolves off-line generation.These parameters are mainly used in building visual human under accident scene
The physiological models of group and mental model, truly simulate evacuation process.
In simulation frame, the Main Function of crowd simulation engine is: generate many intelligence miner colonies, by miner
Being divided into different roles, when simulation mine disaster occurs, different role is specifically reacted and its evacuation method.
Miner's model structure concrete as in figure 2 it is shown, virtual miner model mainly by sensing module, motion module,
Cognition module, behavior module, built-in attribute module etc. five part composition.The motion synthesis of virtual miner and control
System, is mainly called DI-Guy programmed instruction by motion module by motion interface and realizes;Virtual miner
The various information (including the control instruction that user issues) that will be obtained by perception in virtual environment;Cognition module
Realize mission planning and path planning;When virtual miner obtains a task by cognition module planning, complete
Become this task to be accomplished by behavior module to complete;Built-in attribute is the pass of virtual miner behavior modeling and emulation
Key, physiology that under key reaction accident scene, down-hole miner is special, psychological condition.Built-in attribute can affect void
Intend the perception of miner, cognitive and behavioral function, perception simultaneously, cognition, behavior also will directly or indirectly affect,
Change its built-in attribute, such as: fatigue is a kind of emotional reactions, after virtual miner takes too much action,
May increase fatigue strength, produce rest hope, after virtual miner is had a rest, its fatigue strength will reduce again.
Each miner also can interact with other miners with environmental interaction.Send out in emergency
When raw, leader is able to know that concrete escape routes and finds respective routes, communicates with other miners,
Finally make corresponding decision-making.Follower mainly do some reaction be observe ambient conditions, hide and
Follow etc..It is contemplated that arrive physiology or the impact on miner for the psychology, miner's health value just becomes with speed of runing away
Ratio, we set health value and are up to 100, and when health value is lower, its speed of runing away is slower, when follower is good for
When health value is less than minimum setting value (40), will not run away, can only wait for rescue in original place,
When the health value of the person of acting as the leader is less than minimum setting value (60), leader will automatically become follower,
This when will automatically become leader by the experienced healthy miner fleeing from training in follower,
It no matter is the control that leader or the behavior of follower are all affected by fleeing from accordingly algorithm.
Event recorder is mainly record emulation accident analog case, is used for the analysis to mine disaster further,
Such as obtaining and evacuating path and statistical information etc., captured event can be used for carrying out with known event
Relatively, to obtain scheme of preferably withdrawing.
Human-computer interaction interface is user's interface mutual with virtual environment, and it is mainly by the calculating of display image
Machine, the data glove of gesture tracking, the helmet of head-tracker, 3D glasses, 3D sound effect device are constituted.Logical
Cross the image that computer generates, generate 3D environment after being processed by 3D glasses, 3D sound effect device, pass through data
Gloves and the helmet, user can be carried out dynamically alternately with virtual scene in real time.
Simulation algorithm below in conjunction with Fig. 3 specific description crowd's emergency escape:
According to the complicated landform of mine, this patent proposes evacuation method as shown in Figure 3, works as normal condition
Under, the event being safe from danger in mine triggers, and now miner is in normal work, but works as hazard event for example
When blast, fire trigger, miner can leave dangerous local at once and communicate with other miners, and to
Advance in the meeting point of fleeing from specified.
If escape route is unimpeded, then follower's class miner under the leading of leader class miner according to finger
Fixed line safe escape, in the case of health value is normal, miner finally completes and withdraws, if in evacuation process
Middle health value is less than minimum health value, then miner can fall down, and waits for rescue.
But when escape routes is obstructed, different miners, the reaction treating emergency case is different.Ratio
Such as leader, wherein mainly including gaffer, rescue personnel, and veteran miner, they have completely
Scheme of runing away, such as when main withdraw that road blocked when, the path making new advances can be found at once, can be by seeking
New road is looked for go to succour other indicator of trapped personnel.But common follower miner, the heart when mine disaster occurs
It is very panic, can only select to follow leader when main escape routes is blocked, and then follow the latter
Complete to withdraw.If health value is less than setting value in evacuation process, miner will fall down, and in original place etc.
Wait to rescue, if health value normally, is followed leader and completed to withdraw.
Specifically withdraw algorithm steps as follows:
Step1: miner normally works.
Step2: check whether there is emergency case (fire, smog etc.), does not has emergency case
Then jump to Step1, on the contrary the program of continuing executing with.
Step3: communicate with other miners, arrives specified point set, obtains circuit of runing away, and judges that road is
No unimpeded, if the coast is clear, jump to Step6, on the contrary the program of continuing executing with.
Step4: judge whether miner is leader, if not leader then jumps to Step6, otherwise continues
Execution program.
Step5: search mine framework route, it is thus achieved that new escape routes, and route is conveyed to other miners.
Step6: follow leader.
Step7: judge that whether miner is healthy, if the healthy value of miner is less than setting, then waits in original place
Rescue, otherwise the program of continuing executing with.
Step8: judge evacuation route environment whether safety, if dangerous, jump to Step4,
Otherwise the program of continuing executing with.
Step9: safety completes to withdraw.
We pass through a fire example, demonstrate down-hole crowd's emergency evacuation, and virtual miner occurs at fire
When, by mine hierarchical mode and corresponding routing algorithm, can correctly cook up by starting point escaping to destination
Run away footpath;When fire is freeed, virtual miner withdraws scene of fire;Virtual miner is giving directions meeting point set;
Follower carries out emergency escape under the leading of leader.
Demonstrate, by fire example, the emulation mode that the present invention proposes, can well simulate truth, logical
Crossing the analysis withdrawing situation to virtual miner, can withdraw for underground emergency provides strong technical support.
The above embodiment is interpreted as the protection model being merely to illustrate the present invention rather than limiting the present invention
Enclose.After having read the content of record of the present invention, technical staff the present invention can be made various change or
Modification, these equivalence changes and modification fall into down-hole of the present invention emergency evacuation virtual crowds simulation method power equally
Profit requires limited range.
Claims (3)
1. the down-hole emergency evacuation virtual crowds simulation method based on multiple agent, it is characterised in that bag
Include following steps:
101st, setting up Virtual mine emergency escape simulation model, including crowd simulation engine, geometric scene emulates
Engine, scene database, event recorder and human-computer interaction interface;Wherein said crowd simulation engine is used for
Generate many intelligence miner colonies, miner is divided into some different roles, different role when simulation mine disaster occurs
Concrete reaction;Described geometric scene simulation engine is for generating the image scene of 3D, it is achieved the rendering of scene,
And the dynamic simulation with personage;Described scene database includes geometric scene storehouse and physical environment parameter library;
Described event recorder is used for recording emulation accident analog case, is used for the analysis to mine disaster further, is caught
The event obtaining is also used for comparing with known event withdrawing scheme to obtain;Described human-computer interaction interface is used for
The image generating computer, generates 3D environment after being processed by 3D glasses, 3D sound effect device, passes through data
Gloves and the helmet, user is in real time and virtual scene carries out dynamic mutual;Geometry in scene database
Scene library includes the key data information of Virtual mine environment, and Virtual mine is processed as one by geometric scene storehouse
Planting hierarchical mode, including high-rise topological diagram and bottom grid map, when withdrawing, leader miner is according to height
Etale topology figure is searched out rough best-effort path by dijkstra's algorithm, carries out global path navigation;If met
Then carry out exact path planning to obstacle, virtual miner application geometric scene grid chart, by A* algorithm realization office
Portion's path planning;
102nd, the Virtual mine emergency escape simulation model set up according to step 101, uses actor-oriented theoretical
Emulate;
A1, in simulated environment, miner A normally works;
A2, miner's A check whether there is fire or smog emergency case, when not having emergency case then to jump to A1,
Otherwise then jump to step A3;
A3, miner A notify that other miners, to specified point set, obtain circuit of runing away, and whether judge road
Unimpeded, if the coast is clear, jump to A6, otherwise jump to step A4;
A4, judge whether miner A is leader, if not leader then jumps to A6, otherwise jump to step
Rapid A5;
A5, miner A search for mine framework route, it is thus achieved that new escape routes, and route is conveyed to other
Miner;
A6, follow leader, jump to step A7;
A7, judge that whether all miners are healthy, if the healthy value of miner B is less than setting, then in original place etc.
Wait to rescue, otherwise jump to step A8;
A8, leader judge evacuation route environment whether safety, if dangerous, jump to A4, otherwise redirect
To step A9;
A9, safety complete to withdraw.
2. the down-hole emergency evacuation virtual crowds simulation method based on multiple agent according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that: in step 101 many intelligence miners include sensing module, motion module, cognition module,
Behavior module and built-in attribute module, wherein, described sensing module obtains the various information in virtual environment;
Described motion module is for synthesizing and control to the motion of virtual miner;Described cognition module realizes mission planning
With path planning;Described behavior module completes for one task of planning;Described built-in attribute module is for instead
Reflect physiology, the psychological condition of down-hole miner.
3. the down-hole emergency evacuation virtual crowds simulation method based on multiple agent according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that: the physical environment parameter library in step 101 Scene database is stored with in virtual scene
Temperature, humidity, gas density and smog value ambient parameter.
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