CN104311041A - 纯铍熔炼用氧化铍坩埚及其制备方法 - Google Patents

纯铍熔炼用氧化铍坩埚及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN104311041A
CN104311041A CN201410148790.8A CN201410148790A CN104311041A CN 104311041 A CN104311041 A CN 104311041A CN 201410148790 A CN201410148790 A CN 201410148790A CN 104311041 A CN104311041 A CN 104311041A
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买学锋
苏峰
赵克俊
冯桂才
吕建伟
王治
兰增强
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种纯铍熔炼用氧化铍坩埚及其制备方法,该纯铍熔炼用氧化铍坩埚是以煅烧氧化铍为主料,辅以0.1%~0.5%的磷酸和3%~10%的纯水均匀搅拌捣固烧结而成,上述配比以重量百分比计。本发明以煅烧氧化铍为原料,辅以磷酸和纯水作为粘结剂,采用捣固成型的方法制备纯铍熔炼用氧化铍坩埚,其工艺流程短,生产方法简单,制备周期短,所制备的纯铍坩埚,耐急冷急热性能好,可充分保证铍锭的纯度。

Description

纯铍熔炼用氧化铍坩埚及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于有色金属熔炼设备技术领域,特别是涉及一种纯铍熔炼用氧化铍坩埚及其制备方法。 
背景技术
纯铍化学性质活泼,熔化后,在高温下极易与其它陶瓷坩埚发生置换反应,从而引入杂质,降低铍锭的纯度。故熔炼纯铍用的坩埚必须满足下列条件:耐高温,荷重软化温度要高,在熔炼金属时坩埚不会发软熔化;坩埚材料不污染金属,抗渣性要好,不受熔渣侵蚀;坩埚抗热震稳定性要好;坩埚在高温时尺寸稳定性要好,不变形。 
氧化铍由于熔点高,热膨胀系数小,化学稳定性好,是纯铍熔炼用坩埚制备的理想材料。目前,国内常用的氧化铍坩埚制备方法为泥浆浇注成型和粉末压制成型经高温烧结法。这种方法的不足之处在于:工艺流程长、生产方法复杂、制备周期长、制备的坩埚抗热震稳定性差。 
发明内容
本发明的目的就在于克服上述现有技术的缺陷,提供一种工艺流程短,生产方法简单,制备周期短,同时耐急冷急热性能好、保证熔炼原料纯度的纯铍熔炼用氧化铍坩埚; 
本发明的另一目的是提供上述纯铍熔炼用氧化铍坩埚的制备方法。 
为实现上述发明目的所采取的技术方案为: 
一种纯铍熔炼用氧化铍坩埚,其特征在于是以煅烧氧化铍为主料,辅以0.1%~0.5%的磷酸和3%~10%的纯水均匀搅拌捣固烧结而成,上述配比以重量百分比计。 
所述煅烧氧化铍是由粒径分别在5~10mm、2~5mm和小于2mm的煅烧氧化铍颗粒按照25%:55%:20%的重量配比混合而成。 
一种纯铍熔炼用氧化铍坩埚的制备方法,其特征在于其工艺步骤为:首先按照25%:55%:20%的重量配比将粒径分别为5~10mm、5~10mm和小于2mm的煅烧氧化铍颗粒混合成主料,然后加入其重量的0.1%~0.5%的磷酸和3%~10%的纯水拌匀,采用捣固成型的方式捣制,最后烧结。 
所述煅烧氧化铍颗粒是指将氧化铍粉末加入重量的10%的纯水,经压制、烘干、煅烧和破碎后制得。 
所述压制采用冷等静压机压制,控制压制压力到800kg。 
所述捣固成型的步骤为:首先在中频炉感应圈内侧铺石棉布,中间放石墨芯子,底盘加底盘转,之后将生料填充到空隙中,机械捣制。 
所述烧结时的温度控制为:5Kw/保温0.5h→10Kw/保温1.0h→15Kw/保温1.0h→20Kw/保温1.0h→30Kw/保温2.5h。 
本发明以煅烧氧化铍为原料,辅以磷酸和纯水作为粘结剂,采用捣固成型的方法制备纯铍熔炼用氧化铍坩埚,其工艺流程短,生产方法简单,制备周期短,所制备的纯铍坩埚,耐急冷急热性能好,可充分保证铍锭的纯度。 
附图说明
图1为本发明的工艺流程图。 
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明进行详细说明。 
实施例1 
1、氧化铍煅烧料的制备 
在50kg氧化铍粉料中加入重量5kg的纯水,装包套,采用冷等静压机进行压制成型,控制压制压力800kg(0~800kg保压1小时,800kg以上保压30分钟。)。煅烧:将压制好的生料装到石墨坩埚中,在中频感应炉进行烧结,增加氧化皮的松装密度。煅烧工艺为:将煅烧料分别进行粗破碎和细破碎,之后用三种规格的筛子进行筛选,筛子的规格分别为5厘米、2厘米、小于2厘米,获得三种粒径范围的颗粒料,即粒径5~10㎜颗粒料、粒径2~5㎜颗粒料和粒径﹤2㎜颗粒料。 
2、氧化铍坩埚的制备 
配料:按照25%:55%:20%的重量配比将三种粒径:粒径5~10㎜、粒径2~5㎜和粒径﹤2㎜的氧化铍颗粒料混合成主料,然后加入主料重量的0.1%的磷酸(分析纯)做粘结剂,再加入主料重量的10%的纯水,搅拌均匀。 
捣固成型:在中频炉中进行。在处理好的中频炉感应圈内侧衬以石棉布,中间放石墨芯子,底部加底盘砖。在底盘砖与石墨芯子及石棉布与石墨芯子的空隙间上述混合料捣制坩埚,要求捣实。 
感应线圈:铍熔炼中频炉感应线圈,导电产生感应电流,用于坩埚烧结。 
石墨芯:是中频感应炉烧结时的感应体,用于感应产生热量。感应线圈通电后可以产生不断变化的电流,变化的电流产生磁场,可以在石墨芯上感应产生旋涡状电流 (涡流),电流通过石墨芯(电阻)从而产生热量。 
石棉布:主要是在隔热,防止感应线圈过热、烧毁。同时有利于防止氧化铍与感应线圈的粘连。 
石墨芯与氧化铍的隔绝:在石墨芯上缠绕牛皮纸,用细长布袋缠绕固定后再用橡胶胶带固定(三种材料在坩埚烧结过程中燃烧去除)。用于坩埚与石墨芯的分离。 
坩埚捣制设备:电镐。圆弧形冲击头。 
烧结:坩埚烧结时以功率的递升控制温度,温度控制流程:5Kw/保温0.5h→10Kw/保温1.0h→15Kw/保温1.0h→20Kw/保温1.0h→30Kw/保温2.5h。升温、降温过程要求均匀、平稳,温度梯度小避免骤热骤冷。 
存放:烧结结束后,停电取出石墨芯子,烧结好的坩埚应保持在真空状态保存。 

Claims (7)

1. 一种纯铍熔炼用氧化铍坩埚,其特征在于是以煅烧氧化铍为主料,辅以0.1%~0.5%的磷酸和3%~10%的纯水均匀搅拌捣固烧结而成,上述配比以重量百分比计。
2. 按照权利要求1所述的纯铍熔炼用氧化铍坩埚,其特征在于所述煅烧氧化铍是由粒径分别在5~10mm、2~5mm和小于2mm的煅烧氧化铍颗粒按照25%:55%:20% 的重量配比混合而成。
3.一种纯铍熔炼用氧化铍坩埚的制备方法,其特征在于其工艺步骤为:首先按照25%:55%:20% 的重量配比将粒径分别为5~10mm、5~10mm和小于2mm的煅烧氧化铍颗粒混合成主料,然后加入其重量的0.1%~0.5%的磷酸和3%~10%的纯水拌匀,采用捣固成型的方式捣制,最后烧结。
4. 按照权利要求3所述的纯铍熔炼用氧化铍坩埚的制备方法,其特征在于所述煅烧氧化铍颗粒是指将氧化铍粉末加入重量的10%的纯水,经压制、烘干、煅烧和破碎后制得。
5. 按照权利要求4所述的纯铍熔炼用氧化铍坩埚的制备方法,其特征在于所述压制采用冷等静压机压制,控制压制压力到800kg。
6. 按照权利要求3所述的纯铍熔炼用氧化铍坩埚的制备方法,其特征在于所述捣固成型的步骤为:首先在中频炉感应圈内侧铺石棉布,中间放石墨芯子,底盘加底盘转,之后将生料填充到空隙中,机械捣制。
7. 按照权利要求3所述的纯铍熔炼用氧化铍坩埚的制备方法,其特征在于所述烧结时的温度控制为:5Kw/保温0.5h→10Kw/保温1.0h→15Kw/保温1.0h→20Kw/保温1.0h→30 Kw /保温2.5h。
CN201410148790.8A 2014-04-15 2014-04-15 纯铍熔炼用氧化铍坩埚及其制备方法 Pending CN104311041A (zh)

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WO2020214755A1 (en) 2019-04-17 2020-10-22 Materion Corporation Crucibles and compositions and processes for making same
CN112125682A (zh) * 2020-08-21 2020-12-25 宁波长振铜业有限公司 一种再生黄铜工频感应电炉熔沟处用打炉料及使用方法

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CN109824370A (zh) * 2019-03-21 2019-05-31 中国工程物理研究院材料研究所 一种铍铝合金感应熔炼用复合多层坩埚及其制备方法
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WO2020214755A1 (en) 2019-04-17 2020-10-22 Materion Corporation Crucibles and compositions and processes for making same
CN112125682A (zh) * 2020-08-21 2020-12-25 宁波长振铜业有限公司 一种再生黄铜工频感应电炉熔沟处用打炉料及使用方法

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Application publication date: 20150128