CN104282117A - Off-limit alarm device for concentration of inhalable particulate matter in air - Google Patents
Off-limit alarm device for concentration of inhalable particulate matter in air Download PDFInfo
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- CN104282117A CN104282117A CN201410586736.1A CN201410586736A CN104282117A CN 104282117 A CN104282117 A CN 104282117A CN 201410586736 A CN201410586736 A CN 201410586736A CN 104282117 A CN104282117 A CN 104282117A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
- G08B21/02—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons
- G08B21/12—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons responsive to undesired emission of substances, e.g. pollution alarms
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Abstract
The invention discloses an off-limit alarm device for the concentration of inhalable particulate matter in air. The off-limit alarm device for the concentration of the inhalable particulate matter in air comprises an alarm circuit with an alarm apparatus. The alarm circuit is provided with two switching-in ends for controlling on-off of a control circuit. The off-limit alarm device for the concentration of the inhalable particulate matter in air is characterized by comprising a containing body, wherein a third switch fan blade is arranged in the containing body and divides the inner cavity of the containing body into an upper air inlet chamber and a lower detection chamber, an air inlet channel is formed in the side wall of one side of the air inlet chamber, a second switch fan blade is arranged on the side wall of the other side of the air inlet chamber, and a first filter film is arranged in the air inlet channel; a second filter film, a third filter film, a metal plate and a fourth switch fan blade are arranged in the detection chamber from top to bottom in sequence at intervals; the two switching-in ends of the alarm circuit are each electrically connected with the third filter film and the metal plate. According to the off-limit alarm device for the concentration of the inhalable particulate matter in air, an alarm can be given when the inhalable particulate matter concentration in indoor air exceeds a limit value under a common standard; meanwhile, the off-limit alarm device for the concentration of the inhalable particulate matter in air has the advantages of being simple in structure, low in cost, sensitive and reliable in detection and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to air pollutants monitoring technical field; Particularly relate to a kind of new technique room air inspirable particle concentration being carried out to Real-Time Monitoring and warning.
Background technology
Along with the propelling of process of industrialization and the raising of people's living standard, environmental problem especially air quality problems causes the concern of people day by day.Winter in 2011 there is serious haze weather in northern China, has very large harm to the healthy living of people.The main cause forming haze is Inhalable Particulate excessive concentration, and pellet refers to that in air, diameter is less than or equal to the particle of 10 μm.The particle that diameter is wherein less than 2.5 μm is then larger to the harm of human body, and it directly can invade the alveolar of human body, can also enter blood by bronchus and alveolar, and harmful gas wherein, heavy metal etc. are dissolved in blood.Therefore the monitoring of the many particles based on being less than 2.5 μm to diameter of existing air quality monitoring technology realizes.
In addition, show according to investigations, ordinary people accounts for the height of 80% every day in the time of indoor, and it is significant that the room air of being therefore together morning and night to people carries out inspirable particle concentration monitoring.The measuring method of current inspirable particle concentration mainly contains filter membrane weight method, light scattering method, β rays method, micro-oscillating balance method etc.What the particle concentration detection module mentioned in the Patents of numerous indoor air particulate matter concentration detector and particle concentration sensor adopted is light scattering principle.For realizing the quick online detection of particle concentration, ensure portability simultaneously, application number is 201320298597.3, name is called that " a kind of fine particle sensor " discloses a kind of particle concentration sensor design scheme based on light scattering principle, this sensor utilizes infrared emission unit to send the scattering of the suspended particulate substance generation light in Infrared irradiation dust passing hole in air sample, and accept scattered light intensity with photoelectric conversion unit in a certain direction, the space distribution of luminous energy, the optical signallings such as frequency also convert electrical signal output to, thus indirectly draw particle concentration value.Sensors with auxiliary electrode measuring speed is fast, reproducible, automaticity is high, the indoor air particulate matter concentration detector invented on its basis meets request for utilization to a certain extent, but because the character of scattered light is determined by particle structure, shape, granularity, measurement result is the population (CPM) in unit volume, and China existing hygienic standard regulation be mass concentration (mg/m
3), CPM and mg/m
3conversion coefficient K need use country filter membrane weight method carry out measurements demarcation, and K value is huge by such environmental effects, the K value of different regions Various Seasonal differs greatly, only have minority key city to determine K value at present, the widespread use of light scattering method of this feature limits.In addition, the overlap of particle is blocked and light scattering method survey particle concentration all can be made to produce comparatively big error with the stability deficiency of optical equipment.Although weak point mentioned above is resolved to a certain extent by the means of upgrade software and hardware, but testing cost also significantly raises thereupon, so the inadequate natural endowment of light scattering method makes it can not ensure the direct and accurate of measurement as the detecting instrument based on gravitational method under rational cost.In addition, for realizing the monitoring to room air inspirable particle concentration, notification number is CN103196775A, name is called " sampling of atmospheric particulate matter concentration by gravimetric on-line monitoring, weighing device and method " with filter membrane weight method for central principle, ensure that the accuracy of measurement, pass through the auxiliary robotization achieving sampling, weighing, data processing of structural design and single-chip microcomputer cleverly simultaneously, make gravimetric method also can realize on-line monitoring, improve the actual effect of monitoring.This design proposal using complete analytical balance as the part of device in order to the accurate measurement of weight, but analytical balance belongs to fine measuring instrument, and average price is more than ten thousand yuan, and this makes device cost taken by themselves high, is difficult to promote civilian.
Therefore, research and design one can monitor inspirable particle concentration in air (particularly room air) and off-limit alarm under daily life standard, and structure is simple, cost is low, install easy and simple to handle, the monitoring device that can extensively be suitable for has long-range application prospect and practical significance.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, technical matters to be solved by this invention is: how to provide a kind of air inspirable particle concentration off-limit alarm device that can carry out reporting to the police under daily standard when the concentration of air pellet exceedes limit value; Make it have structure simple, with low cost, detect the sensitive effect such as reliably.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, present invention employs following technical scheme:
A kind of air inspirable particle concentration off-limit alarm device, comprise the warning circuit of band alarm, warning circuit has two incoming ends for control circuit break-make, it is characterized in that, comprise an accommodating body, be horizontally arranged with the 3rd switch flabellum in the middle part of accommodating body inner chamber and accommodating body inner chamber cut off for the air inlet chamber of top and detection chambers two parts of below, the side sidewall of described accommodating body air inlet chamber is communicated with and is provided with inlet channel and connection position is provided with the first switch flabellum, accommodating body air inlet chamber opposite side sidewall is provided with for controlling the second switch flabellum be communicated with air, the air intake opening of described inlet channel is provided with the admission gear for air inlet, the inside of described inlet channel is provided with the first filter membrane for filtered air dust, in described detection chambers, interval is furnished with the second filter membrane, the 3rd filter membrane and sheet metal successively from top to bottom, second filter membrane, the 3rd filter membrane and sheet metal are horizontal partition-type and arrange, described second filter membrane is greater than the particle of 2.5 μm for screening out particle diameter in gas, described 3rd filter membrane is the elastic conducting film for collecting the particle PM2.5 in gas, described sheet metal is provided with air passing hole and sheet metal and the 3rd filter membrane spacing are less than the 3rd filter membrane at vertical direction maximum flexibility deformation distance, the 4th switch flabellum for controlling detection chambers and air communication is provided with below described sheet metal, two incoming ends of described warning circuit are electrically connected with described 3rd filter membrane and sheet metal respectively.
The warning device of this programme, during use, first the first switch flabellum and second switch flabellum is opened, close the 3rd switch flabellum, air inlet chamber is entered into by inlet channel by the air to be detected of admission gear sampling certain volume, and get rid of the indoor original gas of inlet chamber, fall koniology by the first membrane filtration during air inlet.After original gas is all got rid of, close second switch flabellum continuation sampling and reach certain value P0 (higher than atmospheric pressure Pa) to inlet chamber room pressure, close the first switch flabellum;
Then after standing a period of time t0 allows the sample gas of inlet chamber indoor fully mix, open the 3rd switch flabellum and the 4th switch flabellum of air inlet chamber lower portion, sample gas is flowed straight down under laterally equal everywhere micro-pressure-difference effect, the large-size particles thing of more than PM2.5 tackled by second filter membrane in the process, and PM2.5 deposited on the 3rd filter membrane make, in the middle part of the 3rd filter membrane, downward deformation occurs gradually;
After a period of time t1, in accommodating body, Pressure Drop is low to moderate Pa, accommodating body inner with extraneous air no longer convection current time, close the 4th switch flabellum, the particle of collection is in the inner fully sedimentation of device.In the process, when PM2.5 concentration exceedes preset value, the 3rd filter membrane produces enough large deformation will make alarm circuit automatically connect warning; As do not exceeded preset value, then not reporting to the police, showing that the air quality be detected is good.
As from the foregoing, this programme is with existing measurement inspirable particle concentration method---filter membrane weight method is identical, and it is also make use of filter membrane to realize the collection to PM2.5.Its difference is then that the present invention does not weigh to the filter membrane of collecting granules thing and further analyzes, but indirectly reflects the concentration of Inhalable Particulate according to the degree that filter membrane produces deformation due to Action of Gravity Field after have collected indoor pellet.Wherein, deformation maximum point decline height h with survey concentration
exist and determine relation one to one, can be demarcated by concrete laboratory facilities.The deformation quantity produced when the filter membrane collecting it reaches default h0 and (corresponds to warning concentration
) time, automatically will touch warning device, and remind indoor people to take corresponding solution in time with this.
As the further optimization of technique scheme, described inlet channel inwall is also provided with drying device.
Like this, when air inlet, drying device can absorb the moisture in gas, avoid moisture accumulation cause on filter membrane to detect interference, ensure that testing result better accurately and reliably.
As optimization, described inlet channel has an air inlet section vertically arranged, and described first filter membrane is positioned at air inlet section and is the cone-shaped of point upward.
After such optimization, one is that the filter membrane of cone-shaped is conducive to increasing filter area, and two is that the filter membrane of this structure can make the dust granule be filtered slide into cone base from filter membrane surface, causes filter membrane to block after avoiding dust accretions; And then greatly ensure that air circulation efficiency, ensure that device work is smooth and easy, detect reliable.
As further optimization, described second filter membrane is the cone-shaped of point upward.Benefit and principle the same.
As optimization, between sheet metal and control detection chambers, be provided with the height adjustment mechanism for regulating sheet metal height.Like this, can adjust sheet metal height neatly makes it meet the requirement of different detected air conditions and different warning degree.
In the present invention, the monitoring according to realizing the concentration to PM2.5 in air is become with simple filter membrane shape, and make use of the elastic deformation degree of filter membrane of collecting pellet dexterously, directly achieve and to give the alarm from trend indoor occupant the function of signal when Inhalable Particulate exceedes certain setting ultimate value.Compared with other relatively more conventional at present monitoring methods, the present invention is more suitable for the concentration of monitoring particle under the lower precision required by daily life, adds the scope that it uses, has actual value widely.When the present invention uses, before elasticity filter membrane detects PM2.5, gas to be measured have passed twice filtration, filtered the dust in air and bulky grain solid, and moisture is fallen in drying, ensures the reliability that elasticity filter membrane detects and accuracy.In addition, not only structure is simple, cost is low for the device based on this principle, it is easy and simple to handle to make, but also by the ultimate value that adjusts default deformation quantity to change alarm limits to meet the specific requirement of the different personnel of different places.If indoor inspirable particle concentration has exceeded default warning value, the time length needed for warning can also indirectly reflect the contaminated degree of air.
In sum, the present invention can report to the police when the concentration of room air pellet exceedes limit value under daily standard; There is structure simultaneously simple, with low cost, detect the sensitive advantage such as reliably.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation sketch of the warning device of the present invention when specifically implementing.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail.
As shown in Figure 1, the air inspirable particle concentration off-limit alarm device of this embodiment, comprise the warning circuit 13 of band alarm 14, warning circuit 13 has two incoming ends for control circuit break-make, it comprises an accommodating body 12, be horizontally arranged with the 3rd switch flabellum 3 in the middle part of accommodating body 12 inner chamber and accommodating body 12 inner chamber is cut off for the air inlet chamber 10 of top and detection chambers two parts of below, the side sidewall of described accommodating body air inlet chamber 10 is communicated with and is provided with inlet channel 8 and connection position is provided with the first switch flabellum 1, accommodating body air inlet chamber 10 opposite side sidewall is provided with for controlling the second switch flabellum 2 be communicated with air, the air intake opening 9 of described inlet channel 8 is provided with the admission gear (not shown) for air inlet, the inside of described inlet channel 8 is provided with the first filter membrane 5 for filtered air dust, in described detection chambers, interval is furnished with the second filter membrane 6, the 3rd filter membrane 7 and sheet metal 11 successively from top to bottom, second filter membrane 6, the 3rd filter membrane 7 and sheet metal 11 are horizontal partition-type and arrange, described second filter membrane 6 is greater than the particle of 2.5 μm for screening out particle diameter in gas, described 3rd filter membrane 7 is the elastic conducting film for collecting the particle PM2.5 in gas, described sheet metal 11 is provided with air passing hole and sheet metal 11 and the 3rd filter membrane 7 spacing are less than the 3rd filter membrane 7 at vertical direction maximum flexibility deformation distance, the 4th switch flabellum 4 for controlling detection chambers and air communication is provided with below described sheet metal 11, two incoming ends of described warning circuit 13 are electrically connected with described 3rd filter membrane 7 and sheet metal 11 respectively.
Wherein, described inlet channel 8 inwall is also provided with drying device (not shown) to absorb the moisture in air inlet gas, avoid moisture accumulation cause on filter membrane to detect interference.
Wherein, described inlet channel 8 has an air inlet section vertically arranged, and described first filter membrane 5 is positioned at air inlet section and cone-shaped in point upward, and described second filter membrane 6 is the cone-shaped of point upward.To ensure air circulation efficiency, assurance device work is smooth and easy, detects reliable.
Wherein, the height adjustment mechanism (not shown) for regulating sheet metal height is provided with between sheet metal 11 and control detection chambers.Making it can adjust sheet metal height neatly makes it meet the requirement of different detected air conditions and different warning degree.
During concrete enforcement, described four switch flabellums, can adopt telescopic structure, accordion structure, the forms such as rotary structure, only need the break-make that can control both sides gas, can adopt the construction of switch of existing various air draught break-make, do not describe in detail at this.The first described filter membrane is for filtered air dust, and general selection filter opening aperture is the filter membrane of about 10 μm, filters out the particle that diameter is greater than 10 μm.Described second filter membrane, for screening out the particle of particle diameter 2.5 μm to about 10 μm in gas, selection filter opening aperture is the filter membrane of about 2.5 μm.3rd filter membrane detects PM2.5 for collecting, and selects the filter membrane that filter opening aperture is less than 2.5 μm, and the 3rd filter membrane can also can be communicated with the warning circuit of below when PM2.5 concentration over-standard being detected simultaneously; The material that elasticity specifically can be adopted stronger makes, as elastic conducting film.
During concrete enforcement, alarm can be hummer or warning lamp etc., and warning circuit can be self-powered or access power supply, and this is prior art, does not describe in detail at this.Described admission gear, can adopt supply fan or blower fan.During concrete enforcement, described drying device can adopt drying agent to be attached to inlet channel inwall, or the first-class form of filter plate adopting drying agent to be deposited in inlet channel obtains, to realize the drying to air inlet.During concrete enforcement, described height adjustment mechanism can be slided up and down to be connected in the chute of accommodating body inwall in sheet metal two ends, the existing device that can realize moving horizontally output is adopted to be connected with sheet metal and to drive its in the vertical direction to move again, or directly the struck side that is extended accommodating body is set on a metal plate, directly sheet metal is stirred up and down, etc. form by struck side.
In apparatus of the present invention, the important component part related to has: the filter membrane of 3 different pore sizes, by aperture descending called after first filter membrane, the second filter membrane and the 3rd filter membrane respectively; Adjustable for height sheet metal; Warning circuit; Drying device; Admission gear.Wherein, the effect of the first filter membrane is the dust filtered near thief hatch in sample gas, this filter membrane is designed to taper and dust can be made automatically to tumble fringe region and barrier gas can not pass through aperture; The effect of the second filter membrane screens out the particle that particle diameter in sample gas is greater than 2.5 μm, and profile design is with the first filter membrane; 3rd filter membrane need possess the performance of the easy deformation of conduction and absorption, and the particle PM2.5 in sample gas is collected in its effect.Because the PM2.5 in sample gas can not be deposited on the 3rd filter membrane, therefore the demonstration through lot of experimental data is needed, after this device, the PM2.5 in sample gas can be deposited in the percentage on the 3rd filter membrane, its deformation quantity can be converted to corresponding PM2.5 concentration value.In addition, 3rd filter membrane is elastic conducting film, and the 3rd filter membrane and bottom metal respectively access one end of warning circuit, therefore automatically will connect alarm circuit when the 3rd filter membrane largest deformation point under gravity (i.e. filter membrane central authorities) contacts with lower metal plate and to give the alarm signal.Can by the Level Change of adjustment sheet metal to realize the monitoring of various criterion when device uses.The moisture that drying device is used for containing in deaeration is in order to avoid cause wrong report.Extracting gases when admission gear is for sampling.
Above-mentioned warning device, during use, first the first switch flabellum and second switch flabellum is opened, close the 3rd switch flabellum, air inlet chamber is entered into by inlet channel by the air to be detected of admission gear sampling certain volume, and get rid of the indoor original gas of inlet chamber, fall koniology by the first membrane filtration during air inlet.After original gas is all got rid of, close second switch flabellum continuation sampling and reach certain value P0 (higher than atmospheric pressure Pa) to inlet chamber room pressure, close the first switch flabellum;
Then after standing a period of time t0 allows the sample gas of inlet chamber indoor fully mix, open the 3rd switch flabellum and the 4th switch flabellum of air inlet chamber lower portion, sample gas is flowed straight down under laterally equal everywhere micro-pressure-difference effect, the large-size particles thing of more than PM2.5 tackled by second filter membrane in the process, and PM2.5 deposited on the 3rd filter membrane make, in the middle part of the 3rd filter membrane, downward deformation occurs gradually;
After a period of time t1, in accommodating body, Pressure Drop is low to moderate Pa, accommodating body inner with extraneous air no longer convection current time, close the 4th switch flabellum, the particle of collection is in the inner fully sedimentation of device.In the process, when PM2.5 concentration exceedes preset value, the 3rd filter membrane produces enough large deformation will make alarm circuit automatically connect warning; As do not exceeded preset value, then not reporting to the police, showing that the air quality be detected is good.
Disclose so far, person skilled in the relevant art according to specific indoor inspirable particle concentration, can produce the relatively simple particle concentration alarm of structure particularly.Therefore above disclosure is the summation to following citing, the convenient no longer repeated description in the ground repeated with above summation if having in explanation afterwards.
Such as, in specific implementation process, when measuring indoor particle substrate concentration and exceeding preset value, this device can also take some measures the air in decontamination chamber except completing warning.Such as warning device and indoor fresh air control system can be coupled together or implement to link with air purifier, the Leads to new breeze control circuit be connected in parallel with warning circuit while warning circuit is communicated with or air purifier have also been communicated with, fresh air control device will introduce outdoor comparatively clean air or by mechanical direct purification indoor gas, thus reduces the inspirable particle concentration in air.
Again such as, when different indoor occupants to indoor air quality have different require time, can take to change the deformation quantity limit value of collecting pellet filter membrane or utilize this parameter of time to achieve the above object.In addition when implementing, there is the different further disclosure requiring to do for indoor occupant to indoor air quality.Collect the preset value of the deformation quantity of pellet filter membrane in described change, need the conversion relation with reference to the filter membrane deformation quantity drawn by series of experiments and inspirable particle concentration, deformation quantity h is preset in the requirement adjustment according to indoor occupant.During enforcement, there is the different further disclosure requiring to do for indoor occupant to indoor air quality.Described this parameter of introducing time, will to use under timer record from lower floor's filter membrane collecting granules thing exactly to the time finally reaching certain pre-set limit, then be judged the pollution level of room air by the length of time.When indoor occupant has difference to require, the time only needing change to reach limit value just can reach this object.
Claims (5)
1. an air inspirable particle concentration off-limit alarm device, comprise the warning circuit of band alarm, warning circuit has two incoming ends for control circuit break-make, it is characterized in that, comprise an accommodating body, be horizontally arranged with the 3rd switch flabellum in the middle part of accommodating body inner chamber and accommodating body inner chamber cut off for the air inlet chamber of top and detection chambers two parts of below, the side sidewall of described accommodating body air inlet chamber is communicated with and is provided with inlet channel and connection position is provided with the first switch flabellum, accommodating body air inlet chamber opposite side sidewall is provided with for controlling the second switch flabellum be communicated with air, the air intake opening of described inlet channel is provided with the admission gear for air inlet, the inside of described inlet channel is provided with the first filter membrane for filtered air dust, in described detection chambers, interval is furnished with the second filter membrane, the 3rd filter membrane and sheet metal successively from top to bottom, second filter membrane, the 3rd filter membrane and sheet metal are horizontal partition-type and arrange, described second filter membrane is greater than the particle of 2.5 μm for screening out particle diameter in gas, described 3rd filter membrane is the elastic conducting film for collecting the particle PM2.5 in gas, described sheet metal is provided with air passing hole and sheet metal and the 3rd filter membrane spacing are less than the 3rd filter membrane at vertical direction maximum flexibility deformation distance, the 4th switch flabellum for controlling detection chambers and air communication is provided with below described sheet metal, two incoming ends of described warning circuit are electrically connected with described 3rd filter membrane and sheet metal respectively.
2. air inspirable particle concentration off-limit alarm device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described inlet channel inwall is also provided with drying device.
3. air inspirable particle concentration off-limit alarm device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described inlet channel has an air inlet section vertically arranged, and described first filter membrane is positioned at air inlet section and is the cone-shaped of point upward.
4. air inspirable particle concentration off-limit alarm device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described second filter membrane is the cone-shaped of point upward.
5. air inspirable particle concentration off-limit alarm device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, is provided with the height adjustment mechanism for regulating sheet metal height between sheet metal and control detection chambers.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410586736.1A CN104282117B (en) | 2014-10-27 | 2014-10-27 | A kind of air inspirable particle concentration off-limit alarm device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410586736.1A CN104282117B (en) | 2014-10-27 | 2014-10-27 | A kind of air inspirable particle concentration off-limit alarm device |
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| CN104282117A true CN104282117A (en) | 2015-01-14 |
| CN104282117B CN104282117B (en) | 2016-11-23 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106092843A (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2016-11-09 | 上海师范大学 | A kind of PM2.5 real-time detecting system based on Fibre Optical Sensor |
| CN106175227A (en) * | 2016-07-19 | 2016-12-07 | 中国工程物理研究院材料研究所 | A kind of thing to sit on |
| CN106802261A (en) * | 2017-01-22 | 2017-06-06 | 江苏三联安全评价咨询有限公司 | A kind of apparatus for measuring dust concentration and its measuring method |
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| CN103196775A (en) * | 2013-04-08 | 2013-07-10 | 江西怡杉环保有限公司 | Sampling and weighing device and method for online monitoring atmospheric particulate matter concentration by gravimetric method |
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| US20050126260A1 (en) * | 2002-01-21 | 2005-06-16 | Shimadzu Corporation | Method of measuring floating dusts |
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| CN102062706A (en) * | 2010-12-22 | 2011-05-18 | 北京大学 | Passive sampling device for atmospheric particulates |
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| CN106092843A (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2016-11-09 | 上海师范大学 | A kind of PM2.5 real-time detecting system based on Fibre Optical Sensor |
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| CN104282117B (en) | 2016-11-23 |
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