CN102062706A - Passive sampling device for atmospheric particulates - Google Patents
Passive sampling device for atmospheric particulates Download PDFInfo
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- CN102062706A CN102062706A CN 201010599536 CN201010599536A CN102062706A CN 102062706 A CN102062706 A CN 102062706A CN 201010599536 CN201010599536 CN 201010599536 CN 201010599536 A CN201010599536 A CN 201010599536A CN 102062706 A CN102062706 A CN 102062706A
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Abstract
The invention provides a passive sampling device for particulates in the atmosphere, belonging to the technical field of atmospheric monitoring. The device comprises a wind turbine, a sampling tank and a rainproof top cover, wherein the sampling tank is fixed at an air low voltage region at the upper end of the wind turbine by virtue of a support and is vertically arranged, the upper part of the sampling tank is open, a base plate is uniformly provided with holes and is used for containing sampling filter membranes, and the rainproof top cover is fixed at the top of the sampling tank. The principle of air convection in the natural world is utilized to the design and combination of all the parts in the device provided by the invention smartly, any air convection in parallel direction is utilized to generate a vertical negative pressure at the sampling tank, thus particulates in the atmosphere are adsorbed onto the filter membrane and the device can be placed in the field for sampling; and the average daily collection capacity of the particulates is adopted as a data expression form for the device, and the passive sampling efficiency and the quantitative relation of the average daily collection capacity and the passive sampling efficiency can be obtained by combining the data expression form with active sampling, thus the concentration level of the particulates in the ambient atmosphere can be calculated according to the data of the average daily collection capacity.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the atmospheric surveillance technical field, be applied to the monitoring of the particle in the surrounding air especially.
Background technology
Particle is one of distinct issues of environmental air pollution.Particle is to cause the serious primary factor of the most urban environment air pollutions of China.The concentration of particle is significant for air-polluting improvement and health in the monitoring atmosphere.
Conventional particle initiatively sample mode relies on air pump to gather a large amount of gases at short notice, wherein particle is captured on the filter membrane measures.Initiatively sample mode needs power supply, and the time scale that monitoring covers is very short, is generally several hours or tens hours, needs personnel's operation on duty.Initiatively sampling is not suitable for remote districts, and the monitoring under non-transformer and unmanned situation is not suitable for the secular trend monitoring of big time scale yet.
Passive sampling utilizes natural wind or molecular diffusion principle, places a period of time in atmospheric environment to be measured, and the particle in the atmosphere is captured on the appropriate filter membrane.Passive sampling apparatus need not power supply, and it is on duty to need not the people after properly placing, and can monitor the midium or long term average case in (week or the moon) time scale.Compare with the active sampling, the passive sampling technology has greater flexibility aspect the laying of sampled point, and relevant cost is also lower.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides the passive sampling apparatus of particle in a kind of atmosphere.
Apparatus of the present invention comprise as shown in Figure 1: wind turbine 1, sampling groove 3, rainproof top cover 6 and attached stay hook.Wherein:
Wind turbine utilizes natural wind to promote blade movement by forming more than 20 capable blades of wave, produces centrifugal force, and the position above turbine forms certain negative pressure, makes air flow.The material of blade is frivolous, during design and the contact area of wind to maximize, even faint gentle breeze also can make turbine rotation, and the function of draining, rainproof, snow defence to be arranged.
The sampling groove is positioned over the air low-pressure area of the upper end of wind turbine, the vertical placement, and the opened upper end of sampling groove, the even perforate in bottom is used to lay sampling membrane.According to the specific requirement of sampling, can different sampling cutters be set on sampling groove top, can gather the Atmospheric particulates of different-grain diameter, such as overall suspended pellet (TSP), PM
10(aerodynamics equivalent quality meso-position radius equals the suspended particulate substance of 10 μ m), PM
2.5(aerodynamics equivalent quality meso-position radius equals the suspended particulate substance of 2.5 μ m) etc., particle is trapped on the filter membrane.
Rainproof top cover is positioned at the top of sampling groove, leaves sampling groove one segment distance, is beneficial to air and enters the sampling groove.Rainproof top cover can effectively be avoided long-term put procedure moderate rain, avenge the influence to passive sampling.
According to the needs of particle sampling, more than Zhuan Zhi material can be with light-duty stainless steel, gather carbon ester or tygon etc.
Technological merit of the present invention and effect:
The principle of nature air convection current has been used in the design of this device each several part and combination dexterously, utilize the air flow of any parallel direction, produce vertical negative pressure in the sampling groove location, particle in the atmosphere is adsorbed on the filter membrane, can round-the-clockly be positioned over the field and carry out sample collecting, this device is the data representation form with the average daily collection capacity of particle, combine with sampling initiatively and can obtain passive sampling efficient and the quantitative relationship of the two, thereby according to the concentration level of particle in the average daily collection capacity data computation surrounding air.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 Atmospheric particulates passive sampling apparatus of the present invention structural drawing;
Fig. 2 groove structural drawing of sampling.
Embodiment
The present invention will be further described below by example.It should be noted that the purpose of publicizing and implementing example is to help further to understand the present invention, but it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that: in the spirit and scope that do not break away from the present invention and claims, various substitutions and modifications all are possible.Therefore, the present invention should not be limited to the disclosed content of embodiment, and the scope of protection of present invention is as the criterion with the scope that claims define.
1. wind turbine 1: turbine diameter 150mm, form by 25 wave blade, and with the stainless steel main raw material(s), quality is frivolous.Strengthen the contact area with wind as far as possible, make turbine in selecting gentle breeze, also can reach the function of good rotation and draining, rainproof, snow defence.
2. fixed support 4 on the axis 2 of wind turbine, the bearing of wind turbine adopts totally-enclosed low-resistance bearing, exempts to lubricate, and by the connection of axis, makes turbine can rotate under gentle breeze.。
The sampling groove 3: stainless steel, have good resistance to deformation and corrosion resistance, sampling groove 3 is fixed on the support 4, and with reference to figure 2, the top of sampling groove is opened wide, it is diffused as horn-like downwards, the sampling troughed belt has a base plate 5 with holes, and the diameter of this base plate is 90mm, above 40 holes that diameter is 6mm that evenly distribute, the filter membrane of sampling usefulness can be placed on the orifice plate, pushes down with packing ring.The high 100mm of sidewall of sampling groove 3.Packing ring rubber material, support, orifice plate, side plate are all used stainless steel, have good resistance to deformation and corrosion resistance.
4. rainproof top cover 6: circle, diameter 120mm.Be installed in sampling groove top, can stop rain, snow, depositing dust.The top cover upper end installs and fixes hook 7, and lay in the field of being convenient to sampling apparatus.
5. filter membrane: gather the filter membrane that particle uses and be placed on the orifice plate 5, can use glass fiber filter, also can monitor the filter membrane that needs adopt other materials, as the quartz fibre filter membrane etc. according to difference.
This is tested the sampling efficiency of overall suspended pellet in the surrounding air (TSP) this device in implementing.Regularly carry out the active sampling at same sampled point, be used to calculate and estimate the sampling efficiency of passive sampling apparatus.Adopt glass fiber filter, the glass fiber filter effective diameter of using in the sampling is 80mm, before the sampling in exsiccator constant weight weigh after 24 hours, be respectively installed to again initiatively and in the passive sampling apparatus.
Initiatively flow quantity intelligent TSP sampling thief (Qingdao LaoShan Application Technology Research Institute) in the 2030B type is used in sampling, and the sampling flow velocity is 100L/min, overall suspended pellet with air communication over-sampling head after by membrane retention, the sampling time is continuous sampling in 24 hours.Passive sampling apparatus continuous acquisition 15 days.
Sampling is taken off filter membrane with clean tweezers after finishing, and control of dust is wrapped with aluminium foil towards the lining doubling, posts label, puts into the filter membrane box, and lucifuge is sent the laboratory as early as possible back to.Filter membrane after the sampling is weighed behind the balance 24h in exsiccator, and the weight difference of filter membrane is the TSP weight that traps before and after the sampling.
During this is implemented, be that the average sample efficient of passive sampling apparatus is 1.4m under 15 days the situation in the sampling time
3/ day.
The purpose of the embodiment of the invention is to help further to understand the present invention, but it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that: without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention and the appended claims, various substitutions and modifications all are possible.For example, what gather during this is implemented is total air suspended particulates, if equip PM on the sampling groove
10The cutter of (aerodynamics equivalent quality meso-position radius equals the suspended particulate substance of 10 μ m) then can be improved to atmosphere PM
10The passive sampling device.Therefore, the present invention should not be limited to the disclosed content of embodiment, and the scope of protection of present invention is as the criterion with the scope that claims define.
Claims (6)
1. the passive sampling apparatus of particle in the atmosphere, it is characterized in that, comprise wind turbine, sampling groove and rainproof top cover, wherein, the sampling groove is fixed in the air low-pressure area of the upper end of wind turbine by support, the vertical placement, the opened upper end of sampling groove, the even perforate of base plate is used to lay sampling membrane, and rainproof top cover is fixed in the top of sampling groove.
2. the passive sampling apparatus of particle is characterized in that in the atmosphere as claimed in claim 1, and wind turbine is by being fixed on constituting more than 20 wave blade on the axle.
3. the passive sampling apparatus of particle is characterized in that in the atmosphere as claimed in claim 1, and sampling groove top is provided for gathering the sampling cutter of different-grain diameter Atmospheric particulates.
4. the passive sampling apparatus of particle is characterized in that in the atmosphere as claimed in claim 1, and sampling membrane is pressed in packing ring on the base plate of sampling groove, and the base plate aperture of sampling groove is about 6mm, the high 90-110mm of sidewall of sampling groove.
5. the passive sampling apparatus of particle is characterized in that in the atmosphere as claimed in claim 1, and rainproof top cover upper end installs and fixes hook.
6. the passive sampling apparatus of particle is characterized in that in the atmosphere as claimed in claim 4, and the sampling groove is materials such as stainless steel or tygon.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010105995361A CN102062706B (en) | 2010-12-22 | 2010-12-22 | Passive sampling device for atmospheric particulates |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010105995361A CN102062706B (en) | 2010-12-22 | 2010-12-22 | Passive sampling device for atmospheric particulates |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN102062706A true CN102062706A (en) | 2011-05-18 |
| CN102062706B CN102062706B (en) | 2012-07-04 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN2010105995361A Expired - Fee Related CN102062706B (en) | 2010-12-22 | 2010-12-22 | Passive sampling device for atmospheric particulates |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102944449A (en) * | 2012-11-21 | 2013-02-27 | 环境保护部南京环境科学研究所 | Passive sampling device of multi-component atmospheric organic pollutants |
| CN103344461A (en) * | 2013-07-30 | 2013-10-09 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | Driven sampling device of persistent organic pollutants |
| CN104282117A (en) * | 2014-10-27 | 2015-01-14 | 重庆大学 | Off-limit alarm device for concentration of inhalable particulate matter in air |
| CN105334082A (en) * | 2015-11-19 | 2016-02-17 | 中国科学院广州地球化学研究所 | Passive sampler |
| CN106525517A (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2017-03-22 | 天津大学 | Atmosphere active gaseous mercury sampling device with natural wind being power |
| CN109459352A (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2019-03-12 | 江西众安职业危害评价检测有限公司 | Household prevention type dust investigating |
| CN109781471A (en) * | 2019-03-21 | 2019-05-21 | 黄小梅 | A kind of air fixed point sampler and the method for sampling |
| CN111289412A (en) * | 2020-02-10 | 2020-06-16 | 江西众安职业危害评价检测有限公司 | Individual dust sampling and measuring method |
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| CN2278933Y (en) * | 1996-06-06 | 1998-04-15 | 苏建磊 | Cyclone sampler capable of sucking particle material |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102944449A (en) * | 2012-11-21 | 2013-02-27 | 环境保护部南京环境科学研究所 | Passive sampling device of multi-component atmospheric organic pollutants |
| CN103344461A (en) * | 2013-07-30 | 2013-10-09 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | Driven sampling device of persistent organic pollutants |
| CN103344461B (en) * | 2013-07-30 | 2016-01-20 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | A kind of persistence organic pollutant passive sampling apparatus |
| CN104282117A (en) * | 2014-10-27 | 2015-01-14 | 重庆大学 | Off-limit alarm device for concentration of inhalable particulate matter in air |
| CN105334082A (en) * | 2015-11-19 | 2016-02-17 | 中国科学院广州地球化学研究所 | Passive sampler |
| CN106525517A (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2017-03-22 | 天津大学 | Atmosphere active gaseous mercury sampling device with natural wind being power |
| CN106525517B (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2023-06-23 | 天津大学 | Atmospheric active gaseous mercury sampling device using natural wind as power |
| CN109459352A (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2019-03-12 | 江西众安职业危害评价检测有限公司 | Household prevention type dust investigating |
| CN109781471A (en) * | 2019-03-21 | 2019-05-21 | 黄小梅 | A kind of air fixed point sampler and the method for sampling |
| CN109781471B (en) * | 2019-03-21 | 2020-06-12 | 嵊州市万睿科技有限公司 | Air fixed-point sampler and sampling method |
| CN111289412A (en) * | 2020-02-10 | 2020-06-16 | 江西众安职业危害评价检测有限公司 | Individual dust sampling and measuring method |
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|---|---|
| CN102062706B (en) | 2012-07-04 |
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Granted publication date: 20120704 Termination date: 20211222 |