CN104280294B - A kind of dynamic thermometer in high temperature fracture strength tension test - Google Patents
A kind of dynamic thermometer in high temperature fracture strength tension test Download PDFInfo
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- CN104280294B CN104280294B CN201410545978.6A CN201410545978A CN104280294B CN 104280294 B CN104280294 B CN 104280294B CN 201410545978 A CN201410545978 A CN 201410545978A CN 104280294 B CN104280294 B CN 104280294B
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Abstract
The invention discloses the dynamic thermometer in a kind of high temperature fracture strength tension test, including cylindrical tension test part, cupping machine dop, infra-red radiation array, temperature thermocouple silk, thermocouple end point for measuring temperature, high-temp .-resisting insulation sleeve, tension spring, double flute fixed pulley, computer, high-power phase-shifting voltages controller and lightweight high temperature insulating plate.This device can be applied in high temperature fracture strength tension test, when cylindrical test part diameter constantly reduces in the process even producing footpath contracting large deformation, it also is able to the dynamic change of reliable recording cylinder tension test part surface temperature, obtain the crucial characterization parameters such as aerospace material strength degree under quick time-varying thermal environment, for determining that aerospace material bearing capacity under quick dynamic thermal environment provides important tests foundation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the dynamic thermometer in a kind of high temperature fracture strength tension test, belong to Metal Materials At High Temperature attribute testing field, this device is in Metal Materials At High Temperature tension test, when cylindrical test part diameter constantly reduces in the process even producing footpath contracting large deformation, the dynamic change also being able under reliable recording testpieces surface temperature, for obtaining the research technique that the key parameters such as aerospace material strength degree under quick time-varying thermal environment provide important.
Background technology
The speed of the high-speed aircrafts such as current guided missile is increasingly faster, and mobility is more and more stronger.In order to break through anti-missile system, high-speed aircraft can climb suddenly, turn to or take " Serpentis " shape maneuver mode, reaches to evade the purpose that anti-ballistic weapon hits；For anti-interception, high-speed aircraft also can carry out high vehicle out-driving, makes trajectory become unpredictable.Aerodynamic Heating phenomenon during high-speed flight simultaneously is very serious, result in the thermal environment course on high-speed aircraft surface sufficiently complex, and pace of change is very fast.
Therefore to ensure the security reliability of high-speed aircraft, it is necessary to aerospace material is carried out thermal strength test.And by tension test (National Standard of the People's Republic of China GB/T4338-2006, Metal Materials At High Temperature stretching test method) when determining the high temperature fracture intensity of aerospace material, need the fast-changing heating environment in simulated flight process, apply tensile load simultaneously, to obtain the crucial characterization parameters such as material strength degree under high speed time-varying thermal environment, this work has very important significance for the safe design of the reliability assessment of aerospace material, biometry and high-speed aircraft.
Carrying out Metal Materials At High Temperature tension test (National Standard of the People's Republic of China GB/T4338-2006, Metal Materials At High Temperature stretching test method) time, cylindrical test part is applied axial tensile loads by Material Testing Machine, starts the process that is pulled off to testpieces as shown in Figure 1 from stretching.When tensile load is continuously increased, the diameter in the middle part of testpieces constantly reduces, and finally ruptures, the load parameter of breakaway poing can obtain the fracture strength parameter of cylindrical test part.
In order to obtain the calorific intensity parameter of material, in heat/load combined experimental enviroment that heating and loading carry out, it is necessary to the surface temperature in the middle part of cylindrical test part is accurately measured simultaneously.But, owing to the diameter in the middle part of post loading test part constantly reduces (as shown in Figure 1), testpieces longitudinally and radially all will produce very big deformation, necking phenomenon is there is also before testpieces ruptures, now the deformation of testpieces is even more serious, and its surface temperature can dynamically be changed the job very difficult accurately measuring out when testpieces surface produces large deformation.General thermometry mainly has " contactless " to measure and " contact " is measured.
" contactless " laser temperature-measuring method can carry out temperature survey away to high temp objects surface, but owing to there being the heating electrodes of dense arrangement to heat to testpieces near testpieces of the present invention, the obstruct of the high light that the heated array of temperature information on testpieces surface sends and covering, external laser beam cannot shine directly into the hot surface of testpieces, therefore uses non-contact laser temp measuring method can not obtain the temperature signal on the testpieces surface surrounded by high light.
Temperature transducer is generally fixed on the outer surface of testpieces by the method for bonding, welding or crimping by " contact " thermometry, is obtained the temperature information on testpieces surface by the close contact of temperature transducer Yu testpieces surface.If temperature transducer is bonded in tension test part surface, owing to the diameter of tension test part constantly reduces, abutting edge is when high temperature large deformation, it may appear that phenomenon of coming unglued, and causes and measures unsuccessfully；If the end points of temperature thermocouple is welded on the surface in the middle part of cylindrical test part; although the surface temperature of testpieces can be recorded well when on-test; but when constriction large deformation occurs in the middle part of testpieces; its diameter reduces the part (see Fig. 1 (c)) to only original diameter; and deformation longitudinally is also very big in the middle part of testpieces; therefore the pad of temperature thermocouple end is under large deformation and usually there will be solder joint snaps break-off, causes and measures unsuccessfully；If adopting compression bonding method to be pressed on the surface in the middle part of cylindrical test part by temperature thermocouple end (the method is largely effective in the temperature survey for flat test part), but for cylindrical tension test part, surface is garden arcuation, the circular solder joint of temperature thermocouple end is stably crimped on the job very difficult on curved surface by pressured clamp force, slightly deviation dislocation it would appear that slide in temperature transducer end, owing in test, the diameter of cylindrical test part is being constantly be generated deformation, diameter constantly reduces, curvature increases, once produce slip will cause loose contact, cause and measure unsuccessfully.
When metallic thermocouple uses as temperature transducer 12, the end of its two temperature thermocouples silk 12A, 12B needs to weld together, traditional method is as shown in Figure 2 first by together with twisted for A thermocouple wire 12A and B thermocouple wire 12B, and the thermometric end of A thermocouple wire 12A and B thermocouple wire 12B welds together so that it is end forms the round dot 12C of ball shape.Again two thermocouple wires not welding part are reversely outwarded winding afterwards, leave the thermocouple temperature measurement sensor with two shapes of trailing.But, when being set with on cylindrical tension test part 1 by the thermocouple using traditional method to make, the junction of its thermocouple end point for measuring temperature 5 and cylindrical tension test part 1 can produce gap as shown in Figure 2, owing to laminating tightly will not cause temperature measurement error.
Therefore, the dynamic thermometer in a kind of high temperature fracture strength tension test must be designed, temperature transducer is made constantly to reduce in the process even producing footpath contracting large deformation at cylindrical tension test part diameter, also temperature transducer end can be made reliably to contact with cylindrical test part surface, the dynamic change of testpieces surface temperature under accurate recording.This temperature measuring equipment is for obtaining the key parameters such as aerospace material strength degree under fast-changing thermal environment, and the safe design of the reliability assessment of aerospace material, biometry and high-speed aircraft has extremely important practical engineering application and is worth.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, dynamic thermometer in a kind of high temperature fracture strength tension test is provided, can when carrying out high temperature tension test, sectional area in the middle part of testpieces after testpieces stress constantly diminishes, produce under the harsh conditions of great footpath compression deformation near breaking part, when other surface temperature measurement method is difficult to the temperature obtaining cylindrical tension test part surface exactly, the dynamic change of the cylindrical tension test part surface temperature being in drastic deformation under reliable recording, obtain the key design parameters such as cylindrical tension test part strength degree under temperature time variance environment, important evidence is provided for studying aerospace material and the structure bearing capacity under quick time-varying thermal environment and reliability design.
This invention address that above-mentioned technical problem the technical scheme is that the dynamic thermometer in a kind of high temperature fracture strength tension test, including: cylindrical tension test part, cupping machine dop, infra-red radiation array, temperature thermocouple silk, thermocouple end point for measuring temperature, high-temp .-resisting insulation sleeve, tension spring, double flute fixed pulley, computer, high-power phase-shifting voltages controller, lightweight high temperature insulating plate；Described cylindrical tension test part is snap-fit between two cupping machine dops, two row's infra-red radiation thermal source arrays are symmetrically mounted on the central region of cylindrical tension test part, according to test requirements document temperature, cylindrical tension test part is heated, the top of two temperature thermocouple silks is pressed into wedge shape, and form thermocouple end point for measuring temperature by spot welding, two temperature thermocouple silks are sleeved on the axial middle part of cylindrical tension test part, tightening force is produced by tension spring, the temperature-sensitive portion of temperature thermocouple silk is taken up on the surface being fixed on cylindrical tension test part, temperature thermocouple silk is made to turn by double flute fixed pulley, temperature thermocouple silk is connected with computer, the surface temperature of tension test part cylindrical in thermal strength test process is carried out kinetic measurement, the computer surface temperature according to the cylindrical tension test part obtained, the voltage on infra-red radiation array and heating power is adjusted by high-power phase-shifting voltages controller, dynamic thermal environment in real-time Simulation missile flight.
The front end of two thermocouple wires is pressed into the oblique section shape that symmetry is agreed with, the thermocouple end point for measuring temperature that diameter is homogeneous is formed by pressure welding, owing to not having bossing consistent with diameter, enable the point for measuring temperature place, leading section of thermocouple wire and cylindrical tension test part close contact.Avoid traditional by the front end skein silk of two thermocouple wires around together, spot welding is adopted to make its end form the method reversely outwarded winding after ball shape, the gap that the temperature thermocouple front end that there will be produces with cylindrical tension test part joint portion, and cause temperature measurement error.It is thus possible to accurately and reliably obtain in test the dynamic change of cylindrical tension test part surface temperature in drawing by high temperature process.
Further, in order to enable the reliability of guarantee test part surface temperature measurement under the harsh conditions that cylindrical tension test part diameter is continually changing, dynamic thermometer in described high temperature fracture strength tension test installs a pair tension spring to produce the tightening force of symmetry, the temperature-sensitive portion of temperature thermocouple silk is strained and fixed on the surface of cylindrical tension test part, no matter therefore when how the diameter of cylindrical tension test part reduces change in tensile loads is tested, the temperature-sensitive portion of temperature thermocouple silk front end all can due to the intimate surface contact of the tightening force of tension spring generation with cylindrical tension test part, the temperature-sensitive portion measurement making temperature thermocouple silk front end obtains being difficult to the dynamic change of the surface temperature of the cylindrical tension test part recorded by other method, during the large deformation producing axially and radially even at cylindrical tension test part, the dynamic change also being able under reliable recording testpieces surface temperature.
Further, the metal thermoelectric thermo wires thermometric that described temperature thermocouple silk adopts diameter to be 0.2～0.3mm, it is to avoid the diameter of temperature thermocouple silk is too thick not flexible, the problem that diameter is too thin fracture easily occurs.
Further, the otch inclination alpha of thermocouple temperature sensor (4) is agreed with in described oblique section is 15 °～25 °.
Further, distance between the two row's infra-red radiation arrays being symmetrically installed in dynamic thermometer in described high temperature fracture strength tension test is 60mm～80mm, the vertical width of infra-red radiation array is 120mm～140mm, forms a thermal field surrounding cylindrical tension test part central region after energising.
Further, in order to reduce the horizontal space of assay device, respectively two temperature thermocouple silks are changed direction by double flute fixed pulley, make assay device compacter.
Principles of the invention: for solving in heating and loading in the heat/load combined test carried out simultaneously, in the middle part of cylindrical test part when longitudinally and radially generation greatly deforms, a difficult problem for the real-time experiment with measuring dynamic measure of the change of part surface temperature, the front end of two thermocouple wires is pressed into oblique section and agrees with shape, form the homogeneous thermocouple of diameter again through pressure welding and be sleeved on the middle part that cylindrical tension test part is axial, tightening force is produced by tension spring, the temperature-sensitive portion of temperature thermocouple silk is fixed on the surface of cylindrical tension test part, no matter therefore when how the diameter of cylindrical tension test part reduces change in tensile loads is tested, the intimate surface contact of the tightening force that the temperature-sensitive portion of temperature thermocouple silk front end all can be produced by tension spring and cylindrical tension test part, the temperature-sensitive portion measurement enabling temperature thermocouple silk front end obtains being difficult to the dynamic change of the surface temperature of the cylindrical tension test part recorded by other method, obtain the crucial characterization parameters such as aerospace material strength degree under fast-changing thermal environment, important evidence is provided for studying aerospace material bearing capacity under high speed thermal shock environments.
The present invention compared with prior art provides the benefit that:
(1) although traditional non-contact laser temp measuring method may be located remotely from high temp objects and carrys out surface temperature measurement, but for there being the high temperature heat source of dense arrangement near testpieces, the obstruct of the high light that the heated array of testpieces surface temperature information sends with cover, when external laser beam cannot shine directly into the hot side of testpieces, non-contact laser temp measuring method can not be suitable for.Additionally, constantly reduce owing to starting in fracture process tension test part diameter from stretching, the vertical and horizontal deformation on testpieces surface is very violent, according to the phenomenon that traditional bonding or welding method can cause adhesive spots or pad place to disengage, causes and measures unsuccessfully.During according to compression bonding method temperature thermocouple end being pressed on cylindrical test part surface, owing to cylindrical tension test part surface is garden arcuation, the circular solder joint of temperature thermocouple end is stably crimped on curved surface extremely difficult by depended on pressure, and the diameter of cylindrical test part constantly reduces in testing, curvature increases, the vertical and horizontal of cylindrical test part all present the dynamic variable condition of a kind of instability, and press junction slightly to move it would appear that temperature transducer end departs from point of safes, curved surface slides, causes and measure unsuccessfully.
Therefore the new method that realizes is had to look for solve this difficult problem, oblique section is used to agree with thermocouple temperature sensor 4 for this present invention, oblique section agree with the thermometric end of two thermocouple wires in thermocouple temperature sensor 4 be pressed into oblique section shape and by pressure welding formed equal diameters temperature thermocouple silk, it is sleeved on the middle part that cylindrical tension test part is axial, and produced symmetrical tightening force by a pair tension spring, the temperature-sensitive portion of temperature thermocouple silk is strained and fixed on the surface of cylindrical tension test part, no matter therefore when how the diameter of cylindrical tension test part reduces change in tensile loads is tested, the intimate surface contact of the tightening force that the temperature-sensitive portion of temperature thermocouple silk front end all can be produced by tension spring and cylindrical tension test part, the temperature-sensitive portion measurement making temperature thermocouple silk front end obtains being difficult to the dynamic change of the surface temperature of the cylindrical tension test part recorded by other method, when producing footpath contracting large deformation even at cylindrical tension test part, it also is able under reliable recording the surface temperature of cylindrical tension test part.Therefore avoid the obstruct of the high light sent due to the heated array of testpieces surface temperature information and cover, use the shortcoming that non-contact laser temp measuring method can not obtain the testpieces surface temperature surrounded by high light in high-temperature hot environment.When also overcoming the method adopting bonding or spot welding sensor, the diameter in the middle part of cylindrical tension test part constantly reduces simultaneously, and when longitudinally and radially deforming very big, the measurement that the point for measuring temperature degumming of appearance and snapping causes is unsuccessfully.
(2) traditional temperature thermocouple manufacture method as shown in Figure 2 by the front end skein silk of two thermocouple wires around together, spot welding is adopted to make its end form ball shape, again two thermocouple wires not welding part are reversely outwarded winding afterwards, leave the thermocouple temperature measurement sensor with two shapes of trailing.If but when being set with on cylindrical tension test part by the thermocouple traditionally made, its end can produce gap with cylindrical tension test part junction, and laminating tightly will not cause temperature measurement error.It is the front end of two thermocouple wires is pressed into oblique section agree with shape that thermocouple temperature sensor 4 is agreed with in the oblique section of present invention design, the thermocouple end point for measuring temperature that diameter is homogeneous is formed again through pressure welding, owing to the point for measuring temperature place, front end of the temperature thermocouple silk in the present invention is identical with the diameter of thermocouple wire other parts, do not have bossed part, therefore point for measuring temperature place can with cylindrical tension test part close contact, overcome the thermometric portion, temperature thermocouple front end of traditional method making with the measurement error caused by gap and projection, therefore, it is possible to accurately and reliably obtain in test the dynamic change of cylindrical tension test part surface temperature in drawing by high temperature process.
(3) the pretightning force temperature measurement fraction that the present invention designs is arranged on existing cupping machine, make that pretightning force temperature measurement fraction is simple for structure, good reliability, and it is little to take up room, realizing functionally in conjunction with existing cupping machine, solve the technical problem that tradition thermometric lost efficacy, provide important experimental test means for research aerospace material bearing capacity under quick dynamic thermal environment, the reliability assessment of aerospace material, biometry and safe design are had extremely important using value.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the morphology change schematic diagram of cylindrical tension test part in high temperature fracture strength tension test.
Fig. 2 is the generation of conventional thermocouple temperature sensor and uses schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is the dynamic thermometer schematic diagram in high temperature fracture strength tension test of the present invention.
Fig. 3 A is that thermocouple temperature sensor and cylindrical installation enlarged diagram between tension test part, infra-red radiation array are agreed with in oblique section in high temperature fracture strength tension test of the present invention.
Fig. 3 B is the end face cut-away view that two thermocouple wires in thermocouple temperature sensor are agreed with in oblique section of the present invention.
Fig. 3 C is that the structure chart after two thermocouple wire oblique sections in thermocouple temperature sensor are agreed with is agreed with in oblique section of the present invention.
Fig. 3 D is the structure chart that oblique section of the present invention agrees with that thermocouple temperature sensor fits tightly with cylindrical tension test part.
Fig. 3 E is the morphology change schematic diagram that thermocouple temperature sensor and cylindrical tension test part are agreed with in oblique section of the present invention in high temperature fracture strength tension test.
Fig. 4 is the structure chart of double flute fixed pulley in the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the pre-programmed curve and the thermal control result that stretch testpieces surface under different quickly heating-up temperature.
Fig. 6 is duralumin, hard alumin ium alloy material tensile load-displacement curve under quick heating-up temperature.
Fig. 7 is high temperature fracture strength tension test part fracture photo at different temperatures.
| 1. cylindrical tension test part | 2. cupping machine dop |
| 3. infra-red radiation array | 4. thermocouple temperature sensor is agreed with in oblique section |
| 4A.C thermocouple wire | 4A1.A beveled end surface |
| 4B.D thermocouple wire | 4B1.B beveled end surface |
| 4C. agrees with position in oblique section | 5. point for measuring temperature |
| 6A.A high-temp .-resisting insulation sleeve | 6B.B high-temp .-resisting insulation sleeve |
| 7A.A tension spring | 7B.B tension spring |
| 8. double flute fixed pulley | 8A.A draw-in groove |
| 8B.B draw-in groove | 8C. joint pin |
| 9. computer | 10. high-power phase-shifting voltages controller |
| 11. lightweight high temperature insulating plate | 12. thermocouple temperature sensor |
| 12A.A thermocouple wire | 12B.B thermocouple wire |
| 12C. welding round dot |
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail.
As shown in Figure 3, dynamic thermometer in a kind of high temperature fracture strength tension test of present invention design, it includes cylindrical tension test part 1, thermocouple temperature sensor 4, point for measuring temperature 5, high-temp .-resisting insulation sleeve (6A, 6B), tension spring (7A, 7B), double flute fixed pulley 8, computer 9, high-power phase-shifting voltages controller 10 and lightweight high temperature insulating plate 11 are agreed with in cupping machine dop 2, infra-red radiation array 3, oblique section.Wherein, thermocouple temperature sensor 4, A high-temp .-resisting insulation sleeve 6A, B high-temp .-resisting insulation sleeve 6B, double flute fixed pulley 8, A tension spring 7A and B tension spring 7B composition pretightning force temperature measurement fraction are agreed with in oblique section.
Before carrying out tension test, cylindrical tension test part 1 is snap-fit between two cupping machine dops 2, arrange infra-red radiation thermal source array 3 by two and be symmetrically mounted on the central region of cylindrical tension test part 1, and according to test requirements document temperature, cylindrical tension test part 1 is quickly heated, the top that thermocouple temperature sensor 4 is agreed with in two oblique sections is pressed into wedge shape, and formed without raised points thermocouple end point for measuring temperature 5 by spot welding, oblique section is agreed with and is cased with high-temp .-resisting insulation sleeve (6A on thermocouple temperature sensor 4, 6B), two oblique sections are agreed with thermocouple temperature sensor 4 and are sleeved on the axial middle part of cylindrical tension test part 1, by tension spring (7A, 7B) produce tightening force, the temperature-sensitive portion that oblique section is agreed with thermocouple temperature sensor 4 is fastened around on the surface of cylindrical tension test part 1, make oblique section agree with thermocouple temperature sensor 4 by double flute fixed pulley 8 to turn, oblique section is agreed with thermocouple temperature sensor 4 and is connected with computer 9, the surface temperature of tension test part 1 cylindrical in thermal strength test process is carried out kinetic measurement, the computer 9 surface temperature according to measured cylindrical tension test part 1, the voltage on infra-red radiation array 3 and heating power is adjusted by high-power phase-shifting voltages controller 10, to generate the dynamic thermal environment of quick time-varying.
The oblique section of present invention design is agreed with thermocouple temperature sensor 4 and is overcome the thermocouple temperature sensor 12 that traditional method makes when being sleeved on cylindrical tension test part 1, its thermocouple end point for measuring temperature 5 can produce gap with shown in (Fig. 2 (d)) in junction such as Fig. 2 of cylindrical tension test part 1, owing to laminating tightly will not cause temperature measurement error.Therefore, shape is agreed with in the oblique section that the thermometric end of two thermocouple wires 4A, 4B is processed into as shown in Figure 3 B by the present invention, agreeing with position 4C again through the oblique section that pressure welding formation is consistent with thermocouple wire diameter, position 4C is agreed with as the point for measuring temperature 5 for thermocouple sensor in this oblique section.The oblique section made due to the present invention is agreed with the thermometric end of thermocouple temperature sensor 4 and can be in close contact with cylindrical tension test part 1, can accurately and reliably obtain the dynamic change of cylindrical tension test part 1 surface temperature in drawing by high temperature process in whole tension test.
In order to ensure the reliability of the surface temperature measurement under the harsh conditions that cylindrical tension test part 1 diameter is continually changing, symmetrical tightening force is produced by A tension spring 7A and B tension spring 7B, the temperature-sensitive portion that oblique section is agreed with thermocouple temperature sensor 4 is strained and fixed on the surface of cylindrical tension test part 1, no matter therefore when how the diameter of cylindrical tension test part 1 reduces change in tensile loads is tested, the temperature-sensitive portion of thermocouple temperature sensor 4 front end is agreed with in oblique section all can due to the intimate surface contact of the tightening force of tension spring generation with cylindrical tension test part 1, the temperature-sensitive portion measurement that thermocouple temperature sensor 4 front end is agreed with in oblique section is made to obtain being difficult to the dynamic change of the surface temperature of the cylindrical tension test part 1 recorded by other method, during the large deformation producing axially and radially even at cylindrical tension test part 1, the change also being able under reliable recording testpieces surface temperature.
Because the horizontal space of cupping machine is limited, in order in little space can normal operation, by two draw-in grooves on double flute fixed pulley 8, respectively oblique section is agreed with two thermocouple wires on thermocouple temperature sensor 4 and changes directions, make assay device compacter.
Due to oblique section, to agree with the thermocouple wire diameter of thermocouple temperature sensor 4 too thick not flexible, and diameter is too thin to be easily broken off, and therefore determines after lot of experiments that the metal thermoelectric thermo wires adopting diameter to be 0.2～0.3mm carries out temperature survey.
Agree with in oblique section and two thermocouple wires of thermocouple temperature sensor 4 are cased with high-temp .-resisting insulation sleeve (A high-temp .-resisting insulation sleeve 6A, B high-temp .-resisting insulation sleeve 6B), avoid being short-circuited between two thermocouple wires phenomenon, affect the correctness of temperature-measuring results.
Thermocouple temperature sensor 4 is agreed with in oblique section
As shown in Fig. 3 B, Fig. 3 C, Fig. 3 D, oblique section is agreed with thermocouple temperature sensor 4 and is made up of C thermocouple wire 4A and D thermocouple wire 4B；Wherein, the thermometric end end face of C thermocouple wire 4A is A beveled end surface 4A1, the thermometric end end face of D thermocouple wire 4B is B beveled end surface 4B1, is docked by the B beveled end surface 4B1 of A beveled end surface 4A1 and the D thermocouple wire 4B of C thermocouple wire 4A and agrees with, and forms oblique section after weld formation and agrees with position 4C；It is conformal for diameter that position 4C and C thermocouple wire 4A and D thermocouple wire 4B is agreed with in described oblique section, smooth cylindrical structural, this close contact being conducive to being absent from space between C thermocouple wire 4A and D thermocouple wire 4B and cylindrical tension test part 1, and in high temperature fracture strength tension test, along with in the middle part of cylindrical tension test part 1, constriction large deformation occurring, its diameter reduces the part to only original diameter, and deformation longitudinally is also very big in the middle part of testpieces, under A tension spring 7A and the B tension spring 7B pulling force provided, oblique section is made to agree with thermocouple temperature sensor 4 without the phenomenon occurring departing from cylindrical tension test part 1, high temperature fracture strength tension test is caused to measure unsuccessfully.It is 15 °～25 ° that the otch inclination alpha of thermocouple temperature sensor 4 is agreed with in oblique section.
As it is shown on figure 3, the other end that the C thermocouple wire 4A on thermocouple temperature sensor 4 is agreed with in oblique section is connected on one end of computer 9 and A tension spring 7A, the other end of A tension spring 7A is arranged on the pedestal of cupping machine；Oblique section is agreed with the other end of the D thermocouple wire 4B on thermocouple temperature sensor 4 and is connected on one end of computer 9 and B tension spring 7B, and the other end of B tension spring 7B is arranged on the pedestal of cupping machine.
Double flute fixed pulley 8
As shown in Figure 3, Figure 4, double flute fixed pulley 8 is provided with A draw-in groove 8A, B draw-in groove 8B, joint pin 8C, A draw-in groove 8A is used for placing C thermocouple wire 4A, B draw-in groove 8B and is used for placing D thermocouple wire 4B, makes double flute fixed pulley 8 be arranged on the pedestal of cupping machine by one end of joint pin 8C.
In the present invention, C thermocouple wire 4A and the D thermocouple wire 4B certainty of measurement to temperature of thermocouple temperature sensor 4 is agreed with in order to not lose oblique section, the other end of C thermocouple wire 4A and D thermocouple wire 4B to overlap and connects high-temp .-resisting insulation sleeve (be namely socketed with on the other end of A high-temp .-resisting insulation sleeve 6A, D thermocouple wire 4B on the other end of C thermocouple wire 4A and be socketed with B high-temp .-resisting insulation sleeve 6B)；Then, the other end of C thermocouple wire 4A and D thermocouple wire 4B connects computer 9 and respective A tension spring 7A, B tension spring 7B again.
In the present invention, according to meeting National Standard of the People's Republic of China GB/T4338-2006, Metal Materials At High Temperature stretching test method specifying, the testpieces before carrying out tension test is installed and system debug, specifically:
(A) cylinder tension test part 1 is installed between two cupping machine dops 2, arranges infra-red radiation thermal source array 3 by two and be symmetrically mounted on the central region of cylindrical tension test part 1；
(B) first the other end of A tension spring 7A and B tension spring 7B is fixed on the pedestal of cupping machine；The thermometric end that then oblique section agrees with thermocouple temperature sensor 4 is socketed in the axially middle part (shown in Fig. 3 E) of cylindrical tension test part 1；Agree with in oblique section again thermocouple temperature sensor 4 C thermocouple wire 4A the other end on socket A high-temp .-resisting insulation sleeve 6A, D thermocouple wire 4B the other end on socket B high-temp .-resisting insulation sleeve 6B；Being placed in A draw-in groove 8A by A high-temp .-resisting insulation sleeve 6A again, B high-temp .-resisting insulation sleeve 6B is placed in B draw-in groove 8B；Finally being connected on one end of computer 9 and A tension spring 7A by the C thermocouple wire 4A other end, the other end of D thermocouple wire 4B is connected on one end of computer 9 and B tension spring 7B；
(C) cylindrical tension test part 1 is preheated, high temperature fracture strength tension test desired parameters is set in the computer 9, debugs high-power phase-shifting voltages controller 10, after system debug, carry out formal high temperature fracture strength tension test.
In the present invention, carry out in high temperature fracture strength tension test, tightening force is produced by two tension springs (A tension spring 7A and B tension spring 7B), oblique section is agreed with the thermometric end of thermocouple temperature sensor 4 and is socketed in the axial middle part of cylindrical tension test part 1, two thermocouple wires that oblique section is agreed with on thermocouple temperature sensor 4 are made to turn by double flute fixed pulley 8, thus realizing the computer 9 surface temperature to tension test part 1 cylindrical in thermal strength test process to carry out real time dynamic measurement, the computer 9 surface temperature according to measured cylindrical tension test part 1, the voltage on infra-red radiation array 3 and heating power is adjusted by high-power phase-shifting voltages controller 10, to generate the dynamic thermal environment of quick time-varying.
As shown in Figure 3A, the distance d in order to ensure concordance and the uniformity in cylindrical tension test part 1 central region temperature field, between the two row's infra-red radiation thermal source arrays 3 being symmetrically installed3For 60mm～80mm, the width h of infra-red radiation array 33For 100mm～120mm, after infra-red radiation array 3 energising, thermal field in the middle part of cylindrical tension test part 1 is surrounded in formation one.Computer 9 generates dynamic thermal environment according to heating requirements.
Because the temperature environment near testpieces is high, above and below infra-red radiation array 3, the light ceramics high temperature insulating plate 11 resistant to 1500 DEG C of high temperature that thickness is 30～40mm it is mounted on, to avoid the high temperature in test that expensive material stretch test machine is caused damage during test.
Fig. 5 is the multiple different quick heat run environment using apparatus of the present invention that duralumin, hard alumin ium alloy cylinder tension test part 1 is generated, temperature ramp de is very fast, only 20 seconds, Fig. 5 gives the pre-programmed curve of different temperatures simultaneously and actually generates the time parameter of result curve and breakaway poing.
Fig. 6 be use that this device obtains to the duralumin, hard alumin ium alloy cylinder tension test part 1 tensile load-displacement curve under room temperature and multiple fast heating environment.According to curve of load bust point data each in figure, the high temperature fracture intensity of cylindrical tension test part 1 under different temperatures environment can be obtained.The material that the use present invention obtains fracture strength under the quick heating environment of difference, Intensity Design and security and Reliability Design to guided missile structure provide important evidence.
Fig. 7 is the extra super duralumin alloy cylinder tension test part using this high temperature fracture strength tension test dynamic thermometer to complete section outline drawing under multiple quick time-varying thermal environment.From the figure, it can be seen that along with the raising of test temperature, constriction amount when testpieces is broken is being gradually increased, during hot test, the fracture diameter of cylinder tension test part 1 is only the part of green diameter.This dynamic thermometer, can in the high temperature tension test of quick time-varying, when cylindrical test part diameter is continually changing even generation footpath contracting large deformation, the dynamic change of testpieces surface temperature under reliable recording, there is provided important evidence for studying lightweight aerospace space material bearing capacity under quick time-varying thermal environment, therefore there is important using value.
Non-elaborated part of the present invention belongs to techniques well known.
Claims (5)
1. the dynamic thermometer in high temperature fracture strength tension test, described high temperature fracture strength tension test completes on cupping machine；It is characterized in that including: thermocouple temperature sensor (4), thermocouple end point for measuring temperature (5), high-temp .-resisting insulation sleeve (6A, 6B), tension spring (7A, 7B), double flute fixed pulley (8), computer (9), high-power phase-shifting voltages controller (10) and lightweight high temperature insulating plate (11) are agreed with in cylindrical tension test part (1), cupping machine dop (2), infra-red radiation array (3), oblique section；Described cylindrical tension test part (1) is snap-fit between two cupping machine dops (2), two rows' infra-red radiation array (3) are symmetrically mounted on the central region of cylindrical tension test part (1), according to test requirements document temperature, cylindrical tension test part (1) is heated, the top that thermocouple temperature sensor (4) is agreed with in two oblique sections is pressed into oblique section shape, and form thermocouple end point for measuring temperature (5) by spot welding, oblique section is agreed with and is cased with high-temp .-resisting insulation sleeve on thermocouple temperature sensor (4), two oblique sections are agreed with thermocouple temperature sensor (4) and are sleeved on the axial middle part of cylindrical tension test part (1), tightening force is produced by tension spring, thermocouple end point for measuring temperature (5) that oblique section is agreed with thermocouple temperature sensor (4) is taken up on the surface being fixed on cylindrical tension test part (1), make oblique section agree with thermocouple temperature sensor (4) by double flute fixed pulley (8) to turn, oblique section is agreed with thermocouple temperature sensor (4) and is connected with computer (9), the surface temperature of tension test part (1) cylindrical in thermal strength test process is measured in real time, the computer (9) the surface actual temperature according to the cylindrical tension test part (1) obtained, the voltage on infra-red radiation array (3) and heating power is adjusted by high-power phase-shifting voltages controller (10), dynamic thermal environment in real-time tracking simulated missile flight course；The front end that two oblique sections are agreed with thermocouple temperature sensor (4) is pressed into the oblique section shape that symmetry is agreed with, and forms, by pressure welding, thermocouple end point for measuring temperature (5) that diameter is homogeneous；
In order to enable the reliability of guarantee test part surface temperature measurement under the harsh conditions that cylindrical tension test part (1) diameter is continually changing, a pair tension spring is installed, it is made to produce the tightening force of symmetry, the temperature-sensitive portion that oblique section is agreed with thermocouple temperature sensor (4) is strained and fixed on the surface of cylindrical tension test part (1), no matter therefore when how the diameter of cylindrical tension test part (1) reduces change in tensile loads is tested, the temperature-sensitive portion of thermocouple temperature sensor (4) front end is agreed with in oblique section all can due to the intimate surface contact of the tightening force of tension spring generation with cylindrical tension test part (1), the temperature-sensitive portion measurement that thermocouple temperature sensor (4) front end is agreed with in oblique section is enable to obtain being difficult to the dynamic change of the surface temperature of the cylindrical tension test part (1) recorded by other method, during the large deformation producing axially and radially even at cylindrical tension test part (1), it also is able under reliable recording the variations in temperature on cylindrical tension test part (1) surface；
Oblique section is agreed with thermocouple temperature sensor (4) and is made up of C thermocouple wire (4A) and D thermocouple wire (4B)；Wherein, the thermometric end end face of C thermocouple wire (4A) is A beveled end surface (4A1), the thermometric end end face of D thermocouple wire (4B) is B beveled end surface (4B1), the A beveled end surface (4A) of C thermocouple wire (4A) is docked with the B beveled end surface (4B) of D thermocouple wire (4B) and agrees with, form oblique section after weld formation and agree with position (4C)；It is conformal for same diameter with C thermocouple wire (4A) and D thermocouple wire (4B) that position (4C) is agreed with in described oblique section；
Double flute fixed pulley (8) is provided with A draw-in groove (8A), B draw-in groove (8B), joint pin (8C), A draw-in groove (8A) is used for placing C thermocouple wire (4A), B draw-in groove (8B) is used for placing D thermocouple wire (4B), makes double flute fixed pulley (8) be arranged on the pedestal of cupping machine by one end of joint pin (8C)；
First the other end of A tension spring (7A) and B tension spring (7B) is fixed on the pedestal of cupping machine；Agree with in oblique section again thermocouple temperature sensor (4) C thermocouple wire (4A) the other end on socket A high-temp .-resisting insulation sleeve (6A), on the other end of D thermocouple wire (4B) be socketed B high-temp .-resisting insulation sleeve (6B)；Being placed in A draw-in groove (8A) by A high-temp .-resisting insulation sleeve (6A) again, B high-temp .-resisting insulation sleeve (6B) is placed in B draw-in groove (8B)；Finally being connected to by C thermocouple wire (4A) other end on one end of computer (9) and A tension spring (7A), the other end of D thermocouple wire (4B) is connected on one end of computer (9) and B tension spring (7B).
2. the dynamic thermometer in a kind of high temperature fracture strength tension test according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the metal thermoelectric thermo wires that thermocouple temperature sensor (4) adopts diameter to be 0.2～0.3mm is agreed with in oblique section, thick not flexible to overcome the diameter that thermocouple temperature sensor (4) is agreed with in oblique section to cross, the meticulous problem being easily broken off of thermocouple temperature sensor (4) diameter is agreed with in oblique section.
3. the dynamic thermometer in a kind of high temperature fracture strength tension test according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: it is 15 °～25 ° that the otch inclination alpha of thermocouple temperature sensor (4) is agreed with in oblique section.
4. the dynamic thermometer in a kind of high temperature fracture strength tension test according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: for ensureing concordance and the uniformity in cylindrical tension test part (1) central region temperature field, the distance d between two rows' infra-red radiation array (3) being symmetrically installed3For 60mm～80mm, the width h of infra-red radiation array (3)3For 100mm～120mm, after making infra-red radiation array (3) energising, the thermal field of cylindrical tension test part (1) central region is surrounded in formation one.
5. the dynamic thermometer in a kind of high temperature fracture strength tension test according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the space laterally occupied for reducing assay device, respectively two temperature thermocouple silks are turned by double flute fixed pulley (8), make temperature measuring equipment compacter.
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| CN110411769B (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2020-12-04 | 北京空天技术研究所 | Structural thermal examination test device with pretightening force adjustment function |
| RU2736320C1 (en) * | 2020-06-01 | 2020-11-13 | Софья Олеговна Козельская | Method for electric power thermal-optical control of spatial objects and device for its implementation |
| RU2740183C1 (en) * | 2020-07-02 | 2021-01-12 | Софья Олеговна Козельская | Method of electric power thermography of spatial objects with noisy surface and device for its implementation |
| CN112881155B (en) * | 2021-01-20 | 2024-02-02 | 西北工业大学 | Mechanical test environment box |
| CN114662349B (en) * | 2022-05-25 | 2022-07-29 | 中国飞机强度研究所 | Method for constructing three-dimensional discrete profiling array of heating element in aerospace plane test |
| CN117213995A (en) * | 2023-09-21 | 2023-12-12 | 西安交通大学 | Marine environment high-temperature mechanical property test system based on laser array |
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| US6637931B2 (en) * | 2001-07-19 | 2003-10-28 | Oriental System Technology Inc. | Probe for use in an infrared thermometer |
| CN100442032C (en) * | 2006-10-17 | 2008-12-10 | 北京航空航天大学 | Carbon-fiber composite material high-speed air-craft rectifying cover surface transient temperature measuring apparatus |
| CN201025458Y (en) * | 2007-02-15 | 2008-02-20 | 北京航空航天大学 | Thermocouple temperature measurement protection device for high-speed aerocraft high-temperature pneumatic thermal simulation test |
| CN102175537A (en) * | 2011-01-13 | 2011-09-07 | 北京航空航天大学 | Thermal medium bulging test machine |
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