CN104265365A - Simulation test device and test method of sand inrush - Google Patents
Simulation test device and test method of sand inrush Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104265365A CN104265365A CN201410541260.XA CN201410541260A CN104265365A CN 104265365 A CN104265365 A CN 104265365A CN 201410541260 A CN201410541260 A CN 201410541260A CN 104265365 A CN104265365 A CN 104265365A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- sand
- water
- routed
- pressure
- head
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 234
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 141
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000009172 bursting Effects 0.000 claims description 41
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000003542 behavioural effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241001439627 Schistostoma Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009411 base construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000205 computational method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003550 marker Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005325 percolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004540 process dynamic Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014347 soups Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007619 statistical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004584 weight gain Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019786 weight gain Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
- E21F17/18—Special adaptations of signalling or alarm devices
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical fields of sandy soil seepage failure and mine hydrogeological test, in particular to a test device and method for monitoring of a sand inrush process induced by mining and related engineering under a simulation test condition. Based on a mine water disaster comprehensive simulation system and test method for automatic mining with high water pressure and high stress (application number: 201010285897.9), the device consists of a variable sand inrush opening and sand stop plug module, a lateral water source replenishment module, a sand inrush process monitoring module and a sand inrush collection and test module, and is characterized in that sand inrush test conditions of different vertical loads, low-seepage cover coats of different thicknesses and characteristics, different initial boundary water heads, dynamically changing cone of depression, different water-containing sand layer thicknesses and grain composition and different sand inrush fracture sizes and gradient monitoring conditions for seepage damage range, sand inrush and water inflow, water head and hydraulic power in a sand inrush process can be provided, and meanwhile sand inrush testing parameters are acquired; the test method is characterized by being an infinite boundary-based water head control and vertical load adjustment and control method, a sand inrush range recognition method and a determination method for weight and volume of the sand inrush and the actual water inflow.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to sand seepage failure and mine hydrogeology experimental technique field, refer in particular to mining and correlation engineering under a kind of model testing condition and bring out experimental rig and the method for routed sand process monitoring.
Background technology
Unconsolidated formation sand is caving downwards along the crack that mining and correlation engineering are formed or is carried by current the process entering into Goaf Area and is called routed sand, once generation will block tunnel, pressure buries standby and harm producers life underground.Sand disaster of bursting mainly covers thin bedrock and adjacent waterproof structure because high tension coal mining destroys on coal seam, top unconsolidated formation sand is caused to enter into more caused by deep space along seepage flow crack, under mainly betiding unconsolidated formation aquifer, concealed coalfield mining conditions under deadweight or flow action.
All likely occur sand disaster of bursting is not more than the thin bedrock of 60m at bedrock thickness under and under thick basement rock high tension coal mining condition, also all may occur under deadweight or flow action, its necessary condition is free face and the passage of sand movement of particles, as sand in the anhydrous situation in underground in drilling construction process is burst into underground along boring and presses buriing construction equipment, driving top board take out emit cause top sand burst in a large number into, mining induced fissure seepage flow carries a large amount of silt particles etc., its formation mechenism is different from earth's surface sand liquefaction, also certain difference is there is with the Production conditions of dike piping, but up to the present do not form complete theoretic knowledge yet.From 1996, China has scholar to take research technique to study routed sand process successively, its central sill swallow, Zhang Minjiang, soup like that equality have employed identical hydrostatic column and fills sand and apply pore water pressure, obtain the critical hydraulic gradient of routed sand by observation hydraulic pressure and gushing water sand amount of bursting.Cai Guangtao, Liang Yankun etc. adopt the permeameter of transformation and multi-form results of fracture simulation to burst sand process, obtain the corresponding relation of fracture shape, opening width and routed sand amount.Yang Wei peak passes through the impact on water sand mixed flow migration characteristics such as the initial head in aquifer, characteristic sum crack, water sand source passage opening width of fissure channel model investigation.Xu Yanchun tapered mobility test instrument has carried out containing glutinous sand fluidity test under homemade upper prop, obtains head, funnel outlet diameter and sticky content to the affecting laws containing glutinous sand mobility.Water sand two-phase, by fragmented rock body percolation law, considers the acting in conjunction of stratum load and water pressure to Du Feng by seepage apparatus experimental study on forcing press.Dong Qinghong and Sui Wanghua have studied the impact on routed sand amount and dynamic process such as stratum load, initial head, particle diameter, aquifer sand layer thickness, fracture opening by Large cylinder shape model test of bursting.More than research reflects, hydraulic gradient, sand passage, grain composition, fracture pattern and the stress state of bursting are the key factors of the routed sand process of impact, but because Model Condition limit, in early days in research, key boundary condition as layer of sand superstratum load, aquifer infinitely distributes and the dynamic supply of side direction, crack dynamic change, by ignoring more or less, be disconnect with Practical Project condition and process; Have some to consider the effect of stratum load and lateral boundaries condition in recent experimental study, but the dynamic evolution in crack and side seepage are still the imappropriate content realized.Simultaneously, sand process of bursting simply neither be dashed forward and be gushed and access issues, also comprise sand source and migration starts, the series of problems that stops of sand of bursting, particularly the key message of bursting in sand process flow as sand scope, the change of hydraulic gradient, the evolution in crack and routed sand amount relation, the problem that still still cannot disclose and solve in current test conditions, therefore develop or improve out condition and prototype is close, process of the test sand test device of bursting reliably is of great significance.
2010, the patent of invention " the mine water disaster comprehensive stimulation system of a kind of high hydraulic pressure, heavily stressed and automatic exploitation and test method " (application number 201010285897.9) that Dong Qinghong etc. declare devises a kind of mine water disaster comprehensive stimulation system being target with the test of roof and floor gushing water, can provide the primary conditions such as the load of routed sand test, hydraulic pressure, container and data acquisition.The present invention is by the agent structure of this pilot system: model test box, hydraulic pressure and loading condition and inside adopt based on controlling organization, formed by Function Extension and burst sand test device and define routed sand test method.
Summary of the invention
Problem to be solved by this invention is: on the model of assembling, under limit lateral distortion, sandy soils variable thickness, vertical load, side seepage stablize the controlled condition of the supply of the head water yield, mining cracks, by monitoring identify sand of bursting start-prominent to come through in journey hydraulic gradient distribution, deformation failure scope, deformation failure degree in aquifer sand layer, obtain the water sand mixed flow density of sand outlet of bursting and the dynamic change characterization of hole pressure, sand amount of bursting and the routed water yield, for the routed sand research under geology, exploitation combination condition provides basic data.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the solution that the present invention proposes is: a kind of sand simulation test device and test method of bursting.
A kind of routed sand simulation test device based on the mine water disaster comprehensive stimulation system of a kind of high hydraulic pressure, heavily stressed and automatic exploitation, by variable routed sand mouth with only sand plug module, side direction water recharging module, sand process monitoring module of bursting and routed sand are collected test module and formed.Wherein vertical load (1), model casing (3), adopt dynamic simulated top (end) plate (9), adopt dynamic simulated portable plate (27), monitoring interface (23) is " a kind of high hydraulic pressure, the mine water disaster comprehensive stimulation system of heavily stressed and automatic exploitation and test method " middle assembly, cast material be installed on adopt more than dynamic simulated top (end) plate (9) model casing cavity in, by certain thickness, the aquifer sand layer (8) of grain composition is laid and is formed, for being the main hypotonicity cap rock (4) formed by cohesive soil on it, it it is pressure adjusting water pocket (2), top applies vertical load (1), adopt dynamic simulated top (end) plate (9) middle part and originally adopt the circular metal plate covering that dynamic simulated portable plate Chu You center has routed sand crack or hole, the size restrictions of routed sand mouth is within 90cm is long and 20cm is wide, center arrangement, sand mouth (13) of bursting directly is embedded by the only sand plug bossing (36) of substructure supports, support and the control structure of stopping sand plug (15) are the piston (17) that cavity of resorption adopts the control of dynamic simulated hydraulic cylinder, piston (17) sinking then routed sand mouth (13) is opened, otherwise then closing does not allow sand particle to pass through, duration of test sand mouth (13) of bursting often is opened, described only sand plug material is steel, shaped upper part is consistent with routed sand mouth (13) also can be embedded and exit, bottom is rectangular slab, backboard is staggered guiding gutter (35), it is lower is tubular cap (37), be buckled in and adopt on dynamic simulated hydraulic cylinder piston (16), all testing sensor cables are by monitoring interface (23) transmission of information to outside case.
Described side direction water recharging module is made up of side direction water recharging passage (5) and head Control Component, described side direction water recharging passage is made up of the outer multilayer supply channel of model casing, every layer by radial radial branching pipeline (40) connection mode molding box (3) sidewall water inlet and ring-type pipeline (42), each several part area of passage adopts non-resistance design, model casing (3) sidewall branch line area of passage is greater than ring-type pipeline (42) area of passage, each layer ring-type pipeline (42) is in parallel by 3 main pipelines (44) by hexagonal angle, supplied water to main pipeline by Large Copacity high-pressure water tank, described head Control Component is made up of master mould controllable constant-pressure water system, the outer head measuring point (43) of model casing (3), the Long-distance Control Pressure relief valve (45) that is connected to 3 main pipelines (44), by supplementing the timely overflow of multiport relief valve in Stress control system, realize controlling border head by set cone of depression.
Described routed sand process monitoring module is made up of holding wire (18) in pressure-obliquity sensor (6), pore water pressure sensor (7) and case, described pore water pressure sensor (7) is by hexagonal angle interval arranged radially composition 3 row, row inner sensor spacing 10-20cm, sensitive surface level is towards routed sand mouth (13), described pressure-obliquity sensor (6) combines for side pressure sensor and obliquity sensor, the tendency direction of inclination angle monitoring is radial, the initial normal direction of lateral pressure monitoring is radial level, pressure-inclination angle joint observation assembly is arranged in identical vertical profile with pore water sensor (7), spaced hexagonal angle, radial spacing 5-20cm, vertical height is distributed in transient state cone of depression (20) below, mainly be arranged in routed sand and stablize domatic (19) up and down, in described case, holding wire (18) is sensor and data acquisition unit connecting line, all holding wires (18) near sensor adopt chainless layout, namely admit of at water sand flow effect lower sensor and certain move freely distance and by holding wire (18) constraint.
Described routed sand is collected test module and is comprised water sand separation and monitoring assembly, flow monitoring assembly, described flow monitoring assembly is made up of flow-hydraulic pressure sensor (24) that model casing (3) bottom discharge mouth (25) is embedded, for monitoring water yield and outfall (25) pressure, outfall (25) level height sieves (11) top with water sand separation consistent, keeps routed sand body (14) in water sand separation sieve (11) to be immersed in below the water surface all the time; Described water sand separation and monitoring assembly are mutually pressure sensor (22) on the pedestal (21) of hexagonal angle, pedestal by three pieces on model casing (3) cavity of resorption base plate, (11) are sieved in water sand separation and filter sand net (12) forms, weigh the weight and volume of sand body of bursting in test, open the routed sand body of model cleaning after off-test and do grain composition analysis; Described pressure sensor (22) top is made up of the power transmission of three sections of cylinders and alignment pin (38), it is characterized in that epimere location water sand separation sieve (11), stage casing supports water sand separation sieve (11), and water sand separation sieve (11) weight that hypomere transmission is shared is to sensor; Described water sand separation sieve (11) is three dismantled and assembled combining structures, middle part is through hole (32), allow to adopt dynamic simulated hydraulic cylinder piston (16) freely to pass through, under only sand plug (15), fall behind tubular cap (37) just enter manhole (32) and locate, piston drops down onto bottommost.
The feature of routed sand simulation experiment method is to control based on the head of infinite boundary and vertical load adjustment control method, the recognition methods of sand scope of bursting and routed sand body weight, volume, the routed actual water burst method for determination of amount of sand, specifically:
The described head control method based on infinite boundary is in test, with infinite boundary head for determine head, by the actual measurement of head fall funnel and theory calculate rule, by water recharging passage (5), adopt the process that computer controlled automatic model boundary head reduces gradually with cone of depression expansion; Described vertical load adjustment control method is that the above hypotonicity cap rock (4) that covers is for transitional stratum, after routed sand forms local sedimentation, rigid load cannot be vertically uniform, transitional stratum is adjusted by one and the isodiametric pressure adjusting water pocket (2) of model and vertical load (1) servo, control is covered being uniformly distributed of vertical load.
The recognition methods of described routed sand scope is three groups of observation sensor acquisition data analysis by being mutually hexagonal angle, draw the cone of depression of seepage flow formation with pore water pressure dynamic monitoring data and point position relation and calculate hydraulic gradient distribution, with measuring point change of pitch angle in aquifer sand layer, lateral pressure running parameter is foundation, the stable region at inclination angle is marked off in aquifer sand layer, regular variation zone and irregular variation zone, the stable region of lateral pressure, regular variation zone and irregular variation zone, the scope of seepage failure is identified by subregion superposition, determine critical hydraulic gradient and impact.
Described routed sand body weight, volume, burst the weighing of the actual water yield of sand and computational methods as follows: the following pressure sensor of Free water plane (22) institute measuring gravity deduct water sand separation sieve (11) weight after routed sand body buoyant weight amount under water
, water pressure sensor (16) monitoring Free water bit-plane positions, sand monitoring water yield of bursting is
, recording sand proportion before test is
, piling up void ratio is under water
, derive each dependency relation such as formula (1) (2) (3) (4) according to three phase compositions of soil, wherein
for the actual weight of sand body solid particle of bursting out,
for the volume of sand body solid particle, sand dilatation of bursting
with floating weight gain
for linear relationship, namely
,
for the actual water yield of routed sand, according to routed sand process dynamics monitoring curve, the water sand mixed flow density duration curve that density observation sensor (14) obtains, can analyze do not burst in the same time sand amount, water yield and variation characteristic thereof.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: establish a kind of sand simulation test device and test method of bursting, compared with similar experimental rig: 1) achieving layered hydrous layer of sand side direction has seepage flow supply, cone of depression is controlled, 2) decayed by lateral stress, the local change of pitch angle that movement of particles causes and cone of depression form observe identifiable design aquifer sand layer deformation failure scope and critical hydraulic gradient, 3) aquifer sand layer thickness is obtained, grain composition, the initial head in recharge laterally water source and cone of depression behavioral characteristics, routed sand schistostoma joint opening, on cover hypotonicity depth of cover and character, vertical load is the lower routed sand process water sand mixed flow density of totally 6 factor impact, pore water pressure and distribution, routed sand amount, the behavioral characteristics of water yield.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of simulation test device of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is that the present invention bursts sand mouth analog board schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is water sand separation sieve structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is that the present invention stops sand plug structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is that the present invention floats monitoring weight base construction schematic diagram;
Fig. 6 is side direction water recharging module diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is simulated test schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is experiment process figure of the present invention.
Marginal data
1, vertical load 2, pressure adjusting water pocket
3, model casing 4, hypotonicity cap rock
5, water recharging passage 6, pressure-obliquity sensor
7, pore water pressure sensor 8, aquifer sand layer
9, dynamic simulated top (end) plate 10, routed sand mouth analog board is adopted
11, water sand separation sieve 12, filter sand net
13, routed sand mouth 14, sand body of bursting
15, sand plug 16, piston is stopped
17, hydraulic cylinder sealing element 18, holding wire
19, sand of bursting stablizes domatic 20, transient state cone of depression
21, pedestal 22, pressure sensor
23, holding wire seal 24, flow-hydraulic pressure sensor
25, outfall 26, witness marker shallow bore hole
27, dynamic simulated portable plate 28, position line is adopted
29, the encirclement 30 of water sand separation sieve, locating hole
31, screen tray connector 32, through hole
33, pod apertures 34, only sand plug are dull and stereotyped
35, guiding gutter 36, only sand plug are protruding
37, tubular cap 38, power transmission and alignment pin
39, limiting protective casing 40, branch line
41, sidewall 42, ring-type pipeline
43, head measuring point 44, main pipeline
45, Pressure relief valve
detailed description of the invention
A test method for routed sand simulation test device, the steps include:
1, model casing (3) is opened, remove and adopt dynamic simulated portable plate (27), at the upper fixation pressure sensor (21) of pedestal (21), closing on installation pore water pressure sensor (7) simultaneously, water sand separation sieve (11) is being installed, put filter sand net (12), connect holding wire (18), promote and adopt dynamic simulated hydraulic cylinder, only sand plug (15) is installed, detection signal connect and mechanical device normally after carry out next step, otherwise return the 1st step.
2, sand mouth analog board (10) of bursting is installed, align routed sand mouth (13) and stop sand plug (15), with the routed sand mouth analog board (10) of glass cement sealing and the gap of adopting dynamic simulated top (end) plate (9), model casing (3) sidewall, temporarily sealing is burst Sha Kou gap, water injection test sealing, guarantees that sealing is reliable, opens HYDRAULIC CONTROL SYSTEM and adopt dynamic simulated hydraulic cylinder, order only sand plug (15) is sunk slightly, releases case internal water accumulation.
3, on routed sand mouth analog board, the whole test signal line of hexagonal angle labeled test location arrangements is pressed, the wherein radial pitch arrangement such as pore water pressure sensor (7), permeable stone level is towards routed sand mouth (13), leave pressure-obliquity sensor (6) test cable of appropriate length, pressure-obliquity sensor (6) holding wire is first to model intermediate traces, then sand flow direction extends up to assigned address against the current, carry out position measurement and record after having connected, after detection signal is normal, carry out next step.
4, by specific grain composition sand successively closely knit, paving progressive die molding box, spread while positioning pressure-obliquity sensor (6) position and make a record, the tendency direction of all pressure-obliquity sensor (6) inclination angles monitoring is consistent with radial direction, and after completing, detection signal normally carries out next step.
5, from outfall (25) oppositely model casing (3) interior water filling, progressively add water to head and exceed aquifer sand layer (8) surface, detect pore water pressure sensor (7) rear stopping water filling whether working properly, close outfall (25); Apply vertical load (1) to upper formation selfweight stress value, whether detected pressures sensor (22) is working properly, under stable vertical stress, keep 2-3 hour, and densification sandy soils is to settlement stability; Open water source feed channel (4) and head supply Control Component, maintain border head to stablize, observation pore water pressure and border head measuring point water pressure change normally, open exhalant canal, the change of seepage pressure and the behavioral characteristics of water yield in monitoring model, progressively reduce boundary water connector analog cone of depression to expand, whether monitoring hole variation in water pressure is normal; Close exhalant canal by side direction water source routing restoration water level, open exhalant canal and make water level decreasing 50%, continuing slow water filling in again from side direction water recharging to model casing (3) makes water level rise to aquifer sand layer (8) surface, repetition 2-3 like this, get rid of gas, after whether detection pore water pressure sensor (7) is working properly, keep sand in case saturated, close exhalant canal and maintain border head stable.
6, whether normally analyze each Sensor monitoring curve signal, one step as any in 3-5 step is abnormal, turns back to the 3rd step.
7, keep closing exhalant canal, shed vertical load (1), at upper hypotonicity cap rock (4) of laying of aquifer sand layer (8) to design thickness, be generally clay layer, pressure adjusting water pocket (2) is covered after laying, apply vertical load (1) to design load, to keep after 1-2 days settlement stabilities etc. to be tested.
8, sand test timing of bursting starts, open water source feed channel (4) and head supply Control Component, maintain border head to stablize, open monitoring system and gather background data 5-10 minute, outfall (25) is opened after data variation is stable, the change of osmotic pressure and the behavioral characteristics of water yield in monitoring model, start and adopt dynamic simulated hydraulic cylinder-controlled prevention sand plug (15), form sand crack of bursting, to detect after weight that pressure sensor (22) feeds back increases suddenly that namely only sand plug (15) is fallen in water sand separation sieve (11) smoothly, after this each monitoring modular detects simultaneously and records hydraulic pressure in sand process of bursting, aquifer sand layer (8) interior lateral stress, sand amount of bursting changes and water yield running parameter in time in time.The vertical stress of master mould system, temperature, pH value monitoring system can also be used in process of the test to carry out data acquisition, take water burst sample, do suspended particle grating and content analysis.
9, according to the routed sand amount of monitoring feedback, after in water sand separation sieve (11), sand body exceedes volume 80%, close water recharging passage (4) and head supply control module stopping test, drain moisture in model, shed vertical load after (1) and open model casing (3), check and record form removal type find various phenomenons, otherwise continue test.
10, convert aquifer sand layer (8) thickness, grain composition, the initial head in recharge laterally water source and form the border head after cone of depression, sand mouth (13) fracture opening of bursting, on cover hypotonicity cap rock (2) thickness and character, vertical load, repeat 1-9 process, find multiple experimental phenomena and monitoring record experimental data.
11, off-test, statistical analysis result of the test.
Claims (8)
1. routed sand simulation test device comprise variable routed sand mouth and only sand plug module, side direction water recharging module, sand process monitoring module of bursting and routed sand collect a test module, it is characterized in that providing seepage failure, burst sand and water yield, head and hydraulic gradient monitoring condition in model testing condition under different vertical load, initial boundary head and cone of depression dynamic change, aquifer sand layer thickness and grain composition, sand fracture scale of bursting and routed sand process.
2. variable routed sand mouth described in and only sand plug module are the switch blocks that routed sand mouth-shaped size Control and routed sand start, comprise routed sand mouth analog board (10), only sand plug (15) and adopt dynamic simulated hydraulic cylinder (16), the circular slab of routed sand mouth (13) is had centered by described routed sand mouth analog board (10), it is characterized in that being made by steel plate, the maximum size of routed sand mouth (13) is that 90cm is long and 20cm is wide, burst sand mouth (13) in circular steel plate center arrangement, and different sand mouth analog board (10) of bursting can be made up of (13) routed sand mouth of difformity and size; Described only sand plug (15) material is steel, it is consistent with routed sand mouth (13) and can embed and exit that sand plug projection (36) shape is stopped on top, bottom is that rectangle stops sand plug flat board (34), backboard is crisscross guiding gutter (35), it is lower is tubular cap (33), be buckled in and adopt on dynamic simulated hydraulic cylinder piston (16), move down can drop on water sand separation sieve (11) central through hole (32) on, only sand plug (15) the sand mouth (13) that sinks to then bursting is opened; Described adopt dynamic simulated hydraulic cylinder piston (16) till the support component of sand plug (15), stretched by the central through hole (32) of water sand separation sieve (11), piston (16) the only sand plug (15) that sinks then declines.
3. described in, side direction water recharging module is made up of side direction water recharging passage (5) and head Control Component, it is characterized in that non-resistance design and the border head of supply channel control automatically, described supply channel non-resistance is designed to model casing (3) the outer supply channel be made up of multilayer multichannel, each branch line (40) is connected with model casing (3) sidewall (41) is vertical, supplied water by ring-type pipeline (42), each floor ring-type pipeline is by connecting water source through Pressure relief valve (45) after three road main pipeline (44) parallel connections, pipeline overcurrent total basal area outwards amplifies step by step from model casing (3), described border head controls to stablize head Large Copacity high-pressure water tank by peripheral hardware automatically, border head measuring point (43) of model casing (3) sidewall, the multi-channel long controlled pressure overflow valve (45) that is connected to three road main pipelines (44) form, it is characterized in that with infinity for determine head, by the timely overflow of multiport relief valve in Stress control system, realize controlling border head by set cone of depression.
4. sand process monitoring module of bursting described in be made up of pressure-obliquity sensor (6), pore water pressure sensor (7) and holding wire (18), it is characterized in that aquifer sand layer (8) interior cone of depression in routed sand process changes by adopting, level changes and syntagmatic identification seepage failure region and critical hydraulic gradient to the radial rake of stress decay and the embedded mark of layer of sand; Described pore water pressure sensor (7) becomes 3 row by the arranged radially of hexagonal angle interval, row inner sensor spacing 10-20cm, and sensitive surface level is towards routed sand mouth (13); Described pressure-obliquity sensor (6) is combined by side pressure sensor and obliquity sensor, the tendency direction of inclination angle monitoring is radial, the initial normal direction of lateral pressure monitoring is radial level, pressure-obliquity sensor (6) is arranged in identical vertical profile with pore water pressure sensor (7), spaced hexagonal angle, radial spacing 5-20cm, vertical height is distributed in transient state cone of depression (20) below, is mainly arranged in routed sand and stablizes domatic (19) up and down; Described holding wire (18) is sensor and data acquisition unit connecting line, it is characterized in that admitting of at water sand flow effect lower sensor certain moving freely distance and by holding wire (18) constraint.
5. sand of bursting described in is collected test module and is comprised water sand separation and monitoring assembly, flow monitoring assembly, described flow monitoring assembly is made up of flow-hydraulic pressure sensor (24) that model casing (3) bottom discharge mouth (25) is embedded, for monitoring water yield and outfall (25) pressure, it is consistent that the top (29) surrounded is sieved in outfall (25) level height and water sand separation, keeps routed sand body (14) in water sand separation sieve (11) to be immersed in below the water surface all the time; Described water sand separation and monitoring assembly are mutually pressure sensor (22), adjacent sensor for pore water pressure on the pedestal (21) of hexagonal angle, pedestal by three pieces on model casing (3) cavity of resorption base plate, (11) are sieved in water sand separation and filter sand net (12) forms, weigh the weight and volume of sand body (14) of bursting in test, open the routed sand body (14) of model cleaning after off-test and do grain composition analysis; Described pedestal (21) top is made up of power transmission and alignment pin (38), limiting protective casing (39), it is characterized in that epimere location water sand separation sieve (11), stage casing supports water sand separation sieve (11), and water sand separation sieve (11) weight that hypomere transmission is shared is to pressure sensor (22); Described water sand separation sieve (11) is three dismantled and assembled combining structures, middle part is manhole (32), allow to adopt dynamic simulated hydraulic cylinder piston (16) freely to pass through, under only sand plug (15), fall behind tubular cap (37) just enter manhole (32) and locate, piston (16) drops down onto bottommost.
6. the feature of a routed sand simulation experiment method be to control based on the head of infinite boundary and vertical load adjustment control method, the burst recognition methods of sand scope and routed sand body weight, volume, the routed actual water burst method for determination of amount of sand; The described head control method based on infinite boundary is in test, with infinite boundary head for determine head, by the actual measurement of head fall funnel and theory calculate rule, by side direction water recharging passage (5), adopt the process that computer controlled automatic model boundary head reduces gradually with cone of depression expansion; Described vertical load adjustment control method is with hypotonicity cap rock (4) for transitional stratum, it is one and the isodiametric pressure adjusting water pocket (2) of model, for adapting to sedimentation and deformation and adjusting being uniformly distributed of vertical servo load.
7. the recognition methods of the routed sand scope described in is based on be mutually hexagonal angle three groups of sensors observe data, draw the cone of depression of seepage flow formation according to pore water pressure and point position relation and calculate hydraulic gradient, according to pressure-inclination angle joint observation point inclination angle, lateral pressure change, tilt angles stable region, regular variation zone and irregular variation zone is marked off in aquifer sand layer, lateral pressure stable region, regular variation zone and irregular variation zone, identified the scope of seepage failure by subregion superposition, determine critical hydraulic gradient.
8. burst described in sand body weight, volume, sand actual water burst method for determination of amount of bursting is as follows: the routed sand body buoyant weight amount under water after (11) weight is sieved in the sand separation of the following gravity sensor of Free water plane (40) institute measuring gravity deduction water
, sand monitoring water yield of bursting is
, known sand proportion is
, piling up void ratio is under water
, the severe of water is
, then the actual weight of sand body solid particle in testing
press
calculate, the volume of sand body solid particle
press
calculate, actual water yield in sand process of bursting
press
calculate.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410541260.XA CN104265365B (en) | 2014-10-14 | 2014-10-14 | A kind of sand simulation test device and test method of bursting |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410541260.XA CN104265365B (en) | 2014-10-14 | 2014-10-14 | A kind of sand simulation test device and test method of bursting |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104265365A true CN104265365A (en) | 2015-01-07 |
| CN104265365B CN104265365B (en) | 2016-11-02 |
Family
ID=52156923
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410541260.XA Expired - Fee Related CN104265365B (en) | 2014-10-14 | 2014-10-14 | A kind of sand simulation test device and test method of bursting |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN104265365B (en) |
Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105527401A (en) * | 2015-12-01 | 2016-04-27 | 中国矿业大学 | Visual simulation apparatus and method for migration of solid phase and liquid phase of mining overburden rock |
| CN105696632A (en) * | 2016-02-01 | 2016-06-22 | 河南理工大学 | Transparent soil model test device for mining area pile foundation bearing force and test method |
| CN105842140A (en) * | 2016-05-19 | 2016-08-10 | 中国矿业大学 | Experiment system for water and sand seepage of fractured rock mass |
| CN105931552A (en) * | 2016-06-27 | 2016-09-07 | 中国矿业大学 | Water inrush and sand bursting simulation experiment apparatus |
| CN106248554A (en) * | 2016-09-07 | 2016-12-21 | 江苏师范大学 | A kind of broken rock water sand mixture seepage tests system |
| CN106680131A (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2017-05-17 | 立方通达实业（天津）有限公司 | Triaxial piping test system |
| CN106768840A (en) * | 2016-12-21 | 2017-05-31 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | A kind of dynamic water lifting sand experiment device and method simulated under seepage flow effect of vibration |
| CN110579406A (en) * | 2019-10-17 | 2019-12-17 | 神华神东煤炭集团有限责任公司 | Experimental device and method for testing water bursting and sand bursting starting conditions in coal mining process |
| CN112362849A (en) * | 2020-11-11 | 2021-02-12 | 华北水利水电大学 | Device and method for measuring water inrush and sand inrush separate phase content in water inrush and sand inrush experiment |
| CN112632863A (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2021-04-09 | 上海中联重科桩工机械有限公司 | Multi-way valve simulation modeling method and multi-way valve simulation model |
| CN113008514A (en) * | 2021-02-25 | 2021-06-22 | 山东大学 | Goaf water inrush and grouting treatment comprehensive test device and method |
| CN113219549A (en) * | 2021-05-10 | 2021-08-06 | 昆明理工大学 | Simulation device for dam break of tailing pond caused by seepage and piping damage |
| CN114264792A (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-04-01 | 中国矿业大学 | Water inrush and sand bursting water sand migration simulation test device and test method |
| CN114646748A (en) * | 2022-03-16 | 2022-06-21 | 山东科技大学 | Coal mine stope sand bursting similar simulation test device and test method |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2002033221A2 (en) * | 2000-08-15 | 2002-04-25 | Sean Philip Brennan | Explosion proof walls |
| JP2006188906A (en) * | 2005-01-07 | 2006-07-20 | Toda Constr Co Ltd | Truck operation management system in tunnel |
| CN101281186A (en) * | 2008-05-19 | 2008-10-08 | 许延春 | Method and device for detecting sand burst leaking destructive performance |
| CN102400714A (en) * | 2010-09-11 | 2012-04-04 | 中国矿业大学 | High-water pressure, high-stress and automatic-mining mine water disaster comprehensive analog system and test method |
| CN103643994A (en) * | 2013-12-19 | 2014-03-19 | 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 | Method for controlling water inrush and sand inrush under coal mine |
| CN103675237A (en) * | 2013-12-26 | 2014-03-26 | 山东科技大学 | Simulation test system and monitoring method for disaster of roof water burst and sand inrush induced by coal seam mining |
-
2014
- 2014-10-14 CN CN201410541260.XA patent/CN104265365B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2002033221A2 (en) * | 2000-08-15 | 2002-04-25 | Sean Philip Brennan | Explosion proof walls |
| JP2006188906A (en) * | 2005-01-07 | 2006-07-20 | Toda Constr Co Ltd | Truck operation management system in tunnel |
| CN101281186A (en) * | 2008-05-19 | 2008-10-08 | 许延春 | Method and device for detecting sand burst leaking destructive performance |
| CN102400714A (en) * | 2010-09-11 | 2012-04-04 | 中国矿业大学 | High-water pressure, high-stress and automatic-mining mine water disaster comprehensive analog system and test method |
| CN103643994A (en) * | 2013-12-19 | 2014-03-19 | 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 | Method for controlling water inrush and sand inrush under coal mine |
| CN103675237A (en) * | 2013-12-26 | 2014-03-26 | 山东科技大学 | Simulation test system and monitoring method for disaster of roof water burst and sand inrush induced by coal seam mining |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 梁艳坤等: "地下松散层内疏放水钻孔溃砂量模拟试验", 《水文地质工程地质》, vol. 30, no. 38, 31 May 2011 (2011-05-31) * |
Cited By (22)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105527401A (en) * | 2015-12-01 | 2016-04-27 | 中国矿业大学 | Visual simulation apparatus and method for migration of solid phase and liquid phase of mining overburden rock |
| CN105527401B (en) * | 2015-12-01 | 2017-10-27 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of mining overburden solid-liquid two-phase migration visual Simulation devices and methods therefor |
| CN105696632A (en) * | 2016-02-01 | 2016-06-22 | 河南理工大学 | Transparent soil model test device for mining area pile foundation bearing force and test method |
| CN105696632B (en) * | 2016-02-01 | 2017-10-13 | 河南理工大学 | A kind of transparent soil model experimental rig of minery bearing capacity of pile foundation and test method |
| CN105842140A (en) * | 2016-05-19 | 2016-08-10 | 中国矿业大学 | Experiment system for water and sand seepage of fractured rock mass |
| CN105842140B (en) * | 2016-05-19 | 2018-07-20 | 中国矿业大学 | Fragmented rock body water sand seepage flow experiment system |
| CN105931552A (en) * | 2016-06-27 | 2016-09-07 | 中国矿业大学 | Water inrush and sand bursting simulation experiment apparatus |
| CN105931552B (en) * | 2016-06-27 | 2019-05-03 | 中国矿业大学 | The routed husky imitative experimental appliance of gushing water |
| CN106248554A (en) * | 2016-09-07 | 2016-12-21 | 江苏师范大学 | A kind of broken rock water sand mixture seepage tests system |
| CN106768840B (en) * | 2016-12-21 | 2023-10-20 | 沈阳大学 | Device and method for simulating sand carrying of running water under seepage-vibration effect |
| CN106768840A (en) * | 2016-12-21 | 2017-05-31 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | A kind of dynamic water lifting sand experiment device and method simulated under seepage flow effect of vibration |
| CN106680131A (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2017-05-17 | 立方通达实业（天津）有限公司 | Triaxial piping test system |
| CN110579406A (en) * | 2019-10-17 | 2019-12-17 | 神华神东煤炭集团有限责任公司 | Experimental device and method for testing water bursting and sand bursting starting conditions in coal mining process |
| CN112362849A (en) * | 2020-11-11 | 2021-02-12 | 华北水利水电大学 | Device and method for measuring water inrush and sand inrush separate phase content in water inrush and sand inrush experiment |
| CN112362849B (en) * | 2020-11-11 | 2023-10-31 | 华北水利水电大学 | Device and method for measuring phase separation content of water burst and sand burst in water burst sand burst experiment |
| CN112632863A (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2021-04-09 | 上海中联重科桩工机械有限公司 | Multi-way valve simulation modeling method and multi-way valve simulation model |
| CN113008514A (en) * | 2021-02-25 | 2021-06-22 | 山东大学 | Goaf water inrush and grouting treatment comprehensive test device and method |
| CN113219549A (en) * | 2021-05-10 | 2021-08-06 | 昆明理工大学 | Simulation device for dam break of tailing pond caused by seepage and piping damage |
| CN113219549B (en) * | 2021-05-10 | 2024-03-01 | 昆明理工大学 | Simulation device for dam break of tailing pond caused by seepage and piping damage |
| CN114264792A (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-04-01 | 中国矿业大学 | Water inrush and sand bursting water sand migration simulation test device and test method |
| CN114646748A (en) * | 2022-03-16 | 2022-06-21 | 山东科技大学 | Coal mine stope sand bursting similar simulation test device and test method |
| CN114646748B (en) * | 2022-03-16 | 2023-10-10 | 山东科技大学 | Simulation test device and test method for sand burst of coal mine stope |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN104265365B (en) | 2016-11-02 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN104265365B (en) | A kind of sand simulation test device and test method of bursting | |
| CN104696010B (en) | Comprehensive treatment method of mine water inrush | |
| CN105974084B (en) | A kind of coal bed gas extraction experimental simulation device | |
| CN103293560B (en) | A kind of method of testing adopting triple stress court | |
| CN105136638B (en) | Seepage Field of Tailings Dam analog simulation pilot system | |
| CN101308126A (en) | Offshore mining top board seepage flow sudden inflow test method and device | |
| CN105719551A (en) | Coal seam group mining and top plate and goaf water dynamic seepage three-dimensional simulator | |
| CN103487569B (en) | Thick loose rock-soil layer bottom water injection sedimentation deformation analog device and method | |
| CN110865176A (en) | Tunnel water burst and mud burst excavation simulation device and method for simulating water burst and mud burst disaster | |
| CN107102378B (en) | Utilize the method for hole pressure touching methods measurement artesian aquifer water level and head height | |
| Hong et al. | Inverse modelling of groundwater flow around a large-scale underground cavern system considering the excavation-induced hydraulic conductivity variation | |
| Ulusay et al. | Improvement of slope stability based on integrated geotechnical evaluations and hydrogeological conceptualisation at a lignite open pit | |
| CN110046470A (en) | A kind of shield driving causes ground settlement method for determination of amount after work | |
| CN103389260A (en) | Laboratory simulation test method for researching underground water seepage obstruction caused by pile foundation | |
| CN106501154A (en) | The experimental provision of simulation coating precipitation leakage and method | |
| CN210774240U (en) | Multilayer underground water level monitoring structure for soft structural surface in rock stratum | |
| Gan et al. | Analysis of Model Tests of Rainfall‐Induced Soil Deposit Landslide | |
| Angeli | Observed and predicted critical hydraulic conditions in natural inhomogeneous slopes | |
| Tzampoglou et al. | New data regarding the ground water level changes at the Amyntaio basin-Florina Prefecture, Greece | |
| CN109505610B (en) | Simulation system and method for influence of subway station bottom freezing construction on station structure | |
| CN203490213U (en) | Water-injection settlement deformation simulation device for water-bearing stratum at bottom of thick and loose rock-soil bed | |
| CN201526309U (en) | Underground hydrological observation hole | |
| CN114109492A (en) | Construction method of coal mine double-layer underground reservoir | |
| CN106157792A (en) | Iron mine transition from open-pit well adopts rock mass across the analog fallen and method | |
| Silaen et al. | Hydrogeological and pore water pressure characterization at south west sector of Grasberg open pit, Papua |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20161102 Termination date: 20171014 |
|
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |