CN104246346B - 使用长玻璃纤维的保温材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

使用长玻璃纤维的保温材料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN104246346B
CN104246346B CN201380020172.9A CN201380020172A CN104246346B CN 104246346 B CN104246346 B CN 104246346B CN 201380020172 A CN201380020172 A CN 201380020172A CN 104246346 B CN104246346 B CN 104246346B
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long glass
insulation material
glass fibres
paper
glass
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CN104246346A (zh
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韩程弼
黄承锡
全胜敏
闵丙勋
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Ace Global Ltd.
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LG Hausys Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L59/00—Thermal insulation in general
    • F16L59/04—Arrangements using dry fillers, e.g. using slag wool which is added to the object to be insulated by pouring, spreading, spraying or the like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/067—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of fibres or filaments
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/06—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer characterised by a fibrous or filamentary layer mechanically connected, e.g. by needling to another layer, e.g. of fibres, of paper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/12—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer characterised by the relative arrangement of fibres or filaments of different layers, e.g. the fibres or filaments being parallel or perpendicular to each other
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L59/00—Thermal insulation in general
    • F16L59/06—Arrangements using an air layer or vacuum
    • F16L59/065—Arrangements using an air layer or vacuum using vacuum
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/101—Glass fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/304—Insulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2315/00—Other materials containing non-metallic inorganic compounds not provided for in groups B32B2311/00 - B32B2313/04
    • B32B2315/08—Glass
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2419/00—Buildings or parts thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2509/00—Household appliances
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2509/00—Household appliances
    • B32B2509/10—Refrigerators or refrigerating equipment
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E04B1/7654—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only comprising an insulating layer, disposed between two longitudinal supporting elements, e.g. to insulate ceilings
    • E04B1/7658—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only comprising an insulating layer, disposed between two longitudinal supporting elements, e.g. to insulate ceilings comprising fiber insulation, e.g. as panels or loose filled fibres
    • E04B1/7662—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only comprising an insulating layer, disposed between two longitudinal supporting elements, e.g. to insulate ceilings comprising fiber insulation, e.g. as panels or loose filled fibres comprising fiber blankets or batts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E04B1/78—Heat insulating elements
    • E04B1/80—Heat insulating elements slab-shaped
    • E04B1/803—Heat insulating elements slab-shaped with vacuum spaces included in the slab
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2201/00—Insulation
    • F25D2201/10—Insulation with respect to heat
    • F25D2201/12—Insulation with respect to heat using an insulating packing material
    • F25D2201/124—Insulation with respect to heat using an insulating packing material of fibrous type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2201/00—Insulation
    • F25D2201/10—Insulation with respect to heat
    • F25D2201/14—Insulation with respect to heat using subatmospheric pressure

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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于家用器具和建筑材料的保温材料。一种制备保温材料的方法包括通过将粘合剂加入到水箱中的水中以制备粘合剂溶液；将长玻璃纤维加入粘合剂溶液中；通过将长玻璃纤维施加于网状带上以除去水分，其中网状带左右前后移动，使得长玻璃纤维均匀地铺展开；通过干燥长玻璃纤维而制备玻璃纤维纸；卷绕玻璃纤维纸成卷状；以及制备多层的玻璃纤维纸卷；层叠两片或多片供应自所述卷的玻璃纤维纸；并将层叠的玻璃纤维纸缝合。

Description

使用长玻璃纤维的保温材料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种使用长玻璃纤维的保温材料及其制备方法，更具体而言，涉及一种使用长玻璃纤维的保温材料，其中在每一片玻璃纤维纸中的长玻璃纤维是水平布置的，所述玻璃纤维纸被叠放且缝合，以及涉及该保温材料的制备方法。
此外，本发明涉及一种除用于家用器具(如制冷器)之外还可用于建筑材料中的保温材料，所述保温材料具有优异的初始性能且制造简单，而且能够改善保温效果。
背景技术
一般而言，常常在墙体或天花板中使用能够保持热量免于传导和辐射的保温材料以达到保温效果。石棉(asbesto)、岩棉(rock wool)、泡沫聚苯乙烯(Styrofoam)和聚氨酯泡沫(polyurethane foam)被用作保温材料。
然而，当这种常规的保温材料被废弃后会带来环境污染和产生致癌物。由此，近来已发展和应用使用玻璃纤维的真空保温材料。
这种真空保温材料是通过在一种多孔心材(porous heartwood)的外部包裹多层薄膜以减少内压然后密封加工而构造的。当该真空保温材料停止使用时，其没有产生尘粒的危险，并且该真空保温材料可应用于建筑材料和家用器具，如制冷器和电饭煲。
真空保温材料包括，一种壳体(casing)材料，其被配置为其中由于孔隙度(80％以上)而包含有开口并由用于保持开口处于真空状态的气体阻隔膜(gas-blocking film)形成；一种由多孔材料制成的心材，其容纳于壳体材料的开口中并被配置为形成真空空间；以及一种吸气剂(getter)，其被配置为吸收气体和水分。
形成壳体材料的薄膜可通过层压多层聚合物和铝而形成。心材由玻璃纤维、玻璃棉、或二氧化硅芯制成，对心材已经进行过预处理加工以使其具有特定的硬度和所需的尺寸。吸气剂是一种空气吸收剂和水分吸收剂，用以吸收壳体中存在的或新引进的气体和/或水分。
然而，这种常规的真空保温材料存在如下问题，由于由心材产生的气体和外部的水分和气体而难以保持真空状态。因此，吸气剂是昂贵的，由此增加了单位生产成本。
另外还存在以下问题，由于由玻璃纤维或玻璃棉制成的心材经针刺(needling)或热压过程，因而难以制备真空保温材料，并且由于形成玻璃纤维的长玻璃纤维以垂直、水平或倾斜的方式彼此交叉，因而真空保温材料的初始性能较低。
同时，由常规的短玻璃纤维制得的保温材料存在的问题在于，短玻璃纤维在运输或施工过程中或在保温材料长时间使用后会从保温材料脱落，脱落的短玻璃纤维进入呼吸器官，从而会对人体造成不良的影响。
发明内容
技术问题
鉴于上述问题而作了本发明，本发明的一个目的是提供一种保温材料及其制备方法，所述保温材料通过使用其中长玻璃纤维以特定方向布置的玻璃纤维而能够提高保温材料的初始性能，并通过以多层层叠并缝合多片玻璃纤维纸而能够使保温效果最大化，提高可加工性和生产性，以及降低保温材料的单位生产成本。
本发明的另一个目的是提供一种保温材料及其制备方法，如果有必要，所述方法能够通过选择层叠的玻璃纤维纸的片数而控制保温材料的厚度和保温性能。
本发明的再一个目的是提供一种保温材料及其制备方法，所述方法通过使用长玻璃纤维而能够防止有毒物质进入呼吸器官。
技术方案
本发明的一个方面提供了一种用于家用器具和建筑材料的真空保温材料。该真空保温材料包括其中长玻璃纤维水平布置的玻璃纤维纸，其中玻璃纤维纸被层叠和缝合。
此外，本发明的另一方面提供了一种制备保温材料的方法，其包括通过将粘合剂加入到盛水的水箱中以制备粘合剂溶液；将长玻璃纤维加入粘合剂溶液中；通过将长玻璃纤维施加于网状带(mesh belt)上以除去水分，其中网状带左右前后移动，使得长玻璃纤维均匀地铺展开；通过干燥长玻璃纤维而制备玻璃纤维纸；卷绕玻璃纤维纸成卷状；以及制备多层的玻璃纤维纸卷；层叠两片或多片供应自所述卷的玻璃纤维纸；并将层叠的玻璃纤维纸片缝合。
总之，本发明包括如下技术方案，其中第1、7、9和14项为广义的技术方案，其余为优选实施方案：
1.一种用于家用器具和建筑材料的真空保温材料，其包含:
其中长玻璃纤维水平布置的玻璃纤维纸，其中，玻璃纤维纸被层叠和缝合。
2.根据前述第1项的保温材料，其中：
所述长玻璃纤维为一种玻璃纤维，并且
所述长玻璃纤维的长度为1至100mm。
3.根据前述第1或2项的保温材料，其中，长玻璃纤维的平均直径为7μm以上。
4.根据前述第1项的保温材料，其中，玻璃纤维纸的厚度为0.1至2mm。
5.根据前述第1项的保温材料，其中：
两张以上的玻璃纤维纸被层叠，并且
所述两张以上的玻璃纤维纸的边缘被缝合。
6.根据前述第1项的保温材料，其中：
玻璃纤维纸被层叠和缝合，并且
所述保温材料包含一种壳体，该壳体由包裹玻璃纤维纸片外部的薄膜形成。
7.一种用于家用器具和建筑材料的真空保温材料，
其中，将各自长度为1至100mm且平均直径为7μm以上的长玻璃纤维加入水和粘合剂混合的混合物中，并使长玻璃纤维聚结在一起以形成玻璃纤维纸，
长玻璃纤维水平布置以形成薄的玻璃纤维纸，以及
两张以上的玻璃纸被层叠和缝合。
8.根据前述第7项的保温材料，其中，着色剂和阻燃剂被混合到玻璃纤维纸中。
9.一种制备真空保温材料的方法，包括：
通过将粘合剂加入水箱中的水中以制备一种粘合剂溶液；
将长玻璃纤维加入粘合剂溶液中；
通过将长玻璃纤维施加于网状带上以除去水分，其中网状带左右前后移动以便使长玻璃纤维均匀地铺展开；
通过干燥长玻璃纤维以制备玻璃纤维纸；
卷绕玻璃纤维纸成卷状；以及
制备多层的玻璃纤维纸卷，层叠两片以上的供应自所述卷的玻璃纤维纸，并缝合层叠的玻璃纸片。
10.根据前述第9项的方法，其中，基于100重量％的水计，将1至20重量％的粘合剂加入水中。
11.根据前述第9项的方法，其中，粘合剂包含丙烯酸树脂类、PVA类、聚氨酯树脂、环氧树脂、酚树脂、聚酰胺中的任意一种。
12.根据前述第9项的方法，其中：
长玻璃纤维是通过利用套管将熔融玻璃喷射成单丝而制备的，以及
长玻璃纤维的平均直径为7μm以上且长度为1至100mm。
13.根据前述第9项的方法，其中干燥的玻璃纤维被制成0.1至2mm的厚度。
14.一种制备真空保温材料的方法，包括：
通过在水箱中混合100重量％的水、1至20重量％的丙烯酸树脂粘合剂、5至30重量％的阻燃剂以及0.1至5重量％的着色剂来制备一种粘合剂溶液；
将长度为10至40mm的长玻璃纤维加入粘合剂溶液中以使长玻璃纤维聚结在一起；
将长玻璃纤维施加于网状带上以便长玻璃纤维在前后左右摇晃的网状带上均匀地铺展开；
通过在30至200℃的干燥温度下将长玻璃纤维在网状带的上表面干燥以制备厚度为0.5至2mm的玻璃纤维纸；以及
层叠两片以上的玻璃纤维纸并缝合该两片以上的层叠的玻璃纤维纸。
15.根据前述第13项的方法，其中着色剂包含二氧化钛、氧化锌、碳粉、钙、镁、镉和铬中的一种以上。
16.根据前述第13项的方法，其中阻燃剂包含卤素阻燃剂、溴阻燃剂或磷阻燃剂，以及无机阻燃剂中的一种以上。
有益效果
首先，本发明的优势在于由其中长玻璃纤维水平布置的玻璃纤维纸片而提高了初始性能和保温效果。
其次，本发明的优势在于保温材料易制备，可降低保温材料的单位生产成本，以及如果必要可控制保温材料的厚度，因为其中长玻璃纤维以一个方向布置的玻璃纤维纸片被层叠和缝合。
第三，本发明的保温材料的优势在于重量轻且可广泛应用且使环境污染最小化。
第四，本发明的保温材料的优势在于因使用长玻璃纤维所以纤维绝不会进入呼吸器官。
附图说明
图1为示例性说明根据本发明制备真空保温材料的方法的流程图；
图2为示出了本发明的一种真空保温材料的横截面图；以及
图3为示出了根据本发明的另一个实施方案的真空保温材料的横截面图。
<附图中主要元件的附图标记说明>
10：保温材料 20：玻璃纤维纸
22：长玻璃纤维
具体实施方式
以下参照附图对本发明的某些示例性实施方案详细阐述。
图1为示例性说明根据本发明制备真空保温材料的方法的流程图；图2为示出了本发明的一种真空保温材料的横截面图；以及图3为示出了本发明的另一个实施方案的真空保温材料的横截面图。
在附图中，本发明的保温材料10除用于建筑材料之外还可应用于家用器具，如制冷器和电饭煲，还可应用于一些机器和电子产品中。
根据本发明，真空保温材料10通过如下方法制备：用水填充水箱或箱体；使水和粘合剂混合形成粘合剂溶液；将长玻璃纤维22加入粘合剂溶液中以使长玻璃纤维附着于粘合剂溶液；通过将长玻璃纤维施加于网状带上而除去水分；以及将长玻璃纤维加入干燥机中，由此完成玻璃纤维纸20的制备。
通过卷绕机(winder)将完整的玻璃纤维纸20卷绕成卷状。在悬挂着多片玻璃纤维纸20的状态下，将该多片玻璃纤维纸20施用于两台以上的缝纫机上并进行缝合，由此制备了本发明的保温材料10。
与水混合使长玻璃纤维22被赋予粘性特性并聚结在一起的粘合剂除了丙烯酸树脂之外还可包括多种类型，如聚氨酯树脂、环氧树脂、酚树脂，以及聚酰胺。1重量％至20重量％的粘合剂与100重量％的水混合。
长玻璃纤维22为一种通过喷射单丝状的玻璃纤维而制备的玻璃纤维。也就是说，长玻璃纤维22通过以下方法制备：将存储于原料仓中的寿山石、石灰岩和硼酸以一定组成比进行混合，通过在1500℃以上的高温下加热混合的原料而制备玻璃，并利用套管(bushing)将熔融态玻璃喷射成直径为7μm以上的单丝形式。在某些实施方案中，喷射出的单丝可使用粘合剂进行表面处理，然后被干燥。
在本发明中，长玻璃纤维的直径为长度平均直径。
此外，将长玻璃纤维22切割成1至100mm的长度，加入到由水和粘合剂混合而成的粘合剂溶液中，然后进行处理。
将加入到粘合剂溶液中并聚结在一起的长玻璃纤维22施加于网状带上，并加工成玻璃纤维纸20。此处，具有粘性的长玻璃纤维22借由穿过水箱的网状带舀起或通过附加的供应料斗施加于网状带上。网状带前后左右移动，换言之，网状带摇晃使长玻璃纤维均匀地铺展开。在这个过程中，水分在网状带下方被排出。
除网状带之外，还可使用其他类型的机器和装置。
将铺展在网状带中的长玻璃纤维经过干燥机，由此形成玻璃纤维纸20。此处，干燥温度为30至200℃，可使用低温干燥和高温干燥的方法，并且干燥时间取决于温度，可为10分钟至3小时。
此外，玻璃纤维纸20优选被制成0.1至2mm的厚度。如果厚度小于0.1mm，则玻璃纤维纸20的密度、强度和保温性能会劣化。如果厚度大于2mm，则玻璃纤维纸20的初始性能由于长玻璃纤维可成为倾斜或垂直状而劣化。
在本发明中，玻璃纤维纸片20通过缝合方法而结合在一起，由此，完成了本发明的保温材料10的制备。
换言之，将通过干燥机的玻璃纤维纸20借助于卷绕机卷绕成卷状，然后保存。当制备保温材料10时，多层的玻璃纤维纸卷被悬挂于缝纫机上或缝纫机附近，并将两个或多个玻璃纤维纸卷放入缝纫机中。
同时，如果有必要，本发明的保温材料可进一步包括着色剂和阻燃剂。阻燃剂可包括水溶性阻燃剂，如卤素阻燃剂、溴阻燃剂或磷阻燃剂，以及无机阻燃剂。基于100重量％的水计，保温材料中可包括5至30重量％的阻燃剂。
基于100重量％的水计，保温材料中可包括0.1至5重量％的着色剂。二氧化钛、二氧化锌、碳粉,钙、镁、镉或铬可被用作着色剂。
此外，图3示出了本发明的另一个实施方案。在这个实施方案中，壳体30包裹在缝合的保温材料20的外部。
壳体30起到防止缝合的玻璃纤维纸脱落、有利于运输，以及使外观美观的作用。在某些实施方案中，壳体可以形成为薄膜纸的形式。
对本发明的保温材料的实施方案进行详细阐述。
实施方案1
将水箱用水填充。将丙烯酸树脂粘合剂加入到水中，然后搅拌，由此完成粘合剂溶液的制备。此处，8重量％的粘合剂和100重量％的水混合。
将切割成10至20mm长度的长玻璃纤维加入到粘合剂溶液中，然后搅拌，使得粘合剂溶液可被吸收到长玻璃纤维中。
然后，将长玻璃纤维施加于网状带上，以便长玻璃纤维可在前后左右摇晃的网状带的上表面铺展开。铺展开的长玻璃纤维在70℃的干燥温度下干燥2小时。由此完成了1mm厚度的玻璃纤维纸的制备。
接着，将玻璃纤维纸片施加于缝纫机上并进行缝合，由此完成了保温材料的制备。对十片玻璃纤维纸进行层叠以完成用于家用器具的保温材料的制备。
实施方案2
将100重量％的水、7重量％的丙烯酸树脂粘合剂、0.5重量％的着色剂、10重量％的阻燃剂以及20重量％的长度为10至20mm的长玻璃纤维在水箱中混合。将长玻璃纤维施加于网状带上以使其在前后左右摇晃的网状带上均匀地铺展开。然后，铺展开的长玻璃纤维在70℃的干燥温度下干燥2小时，由此完成了1mm厚度的玻璃纤维纸的制备。
将几片玻璃纤维纸施加于缝纫机上，然后进行缝合，由此完了保温材料的制备。对25片玻璃纤维纸进行层叠以完成用于建筑的保温材料的制备。

Claims (1)

1.一种制备真空保温材料的方法，包括：
通过在水箱中混合100重量份的水、1至20重量份的丙烯酸树脂粘合剂、5至30重量份的阻燃剂以及0.1至5重量份的着色剂来制备一种粘合剂溶液；
其中着色剂包含二氧化钛、氧化锌、碳粉、钙、镁、镉和铬中的一种以上，并且其中阻燃剂包含卤素阻燃剂、溴阻燃剂或磷阻燃剂，以及无机阻燃剂中的一种以上；
将长度为20至40mm的长玻璃纤维加入粘合剂溶液中以使长玻璃纤维聚结在一起；
将长玻璃纤维施加于网状带上以便长玻璃纤维在前后左右摇晃的网状带上均匀地铺展开；
通过在30至200℃的干燥温度下将长玻璃纤维在网状带的上表面干燥以制备厚度为0.5至2mm的玻璃纤维纸；以及
层叠两片以上的玻璃纤维纸并缝合该两片以上的层叠的玻璃纤维纸。
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