CN104234792A - 内燃机的排气*** - Google Patents
内燃机的排气*** Download PDFInfo
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- CN104234792A CN104234792A CN201410234131.6A CN201410234131A CN104234792A CN 104234792 A CN104234792 A CN 104234792A CN 201410234131 A CN201410234131 A CN 201410234131A CN 104234792 A CN104234792 A CN 104234792A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
- F01N13/0097—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series the purifying devices are arranged in a single housing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/18—Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/033—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices
- F01N3/035—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices with catalytic reactors, e.g. catalysed diesel particulate filters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
- F01N3/2882—Catalytic reactors combined or associated with other devices, e.g. exhaust silencers or other exhaust purification devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
- F01N3/2892—Exhaust flow directors or the like, e.g. upstream of catalytic device
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
- F01N2240/20—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a flow director or deflector
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2470/00—Structure or shape of gas passages, pipes or tubes
- F01N2470/08—Gas passages being formed between the walls of an outer shell and an inner chamber
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/02—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being ammonia or urea
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/14—Arrangements for the supply of substances, e.g. conduits
- F01N2610/1453—Sprayers or atomisers; Arrangement thereof in the exhaust apparatus
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种内燃机排气***(1),包括氧化催化转化器(2)、颗粒过滤器(3)、用于喷射还原剂的喷射器(4)、静态混合器-蒸发器(5)、SCR催化转化器(6)和壳体(8),其中氧化催化转化器(2)设置在颗粒过滤器(3)的上游和SCR催化转化器(6)的上游,其中,喷射器(4)设置在混合器-蒸发器(5)的上游,且混合器-蒸发器(5)在SCR催化转化器(6)的上游。当壳体(8)包括中心设置的内部通道(9)、绕内部通道(9)同心设置的环形通道(10)、偏心设置的外部通道(11)、连接外部通道(11)与环形通道(10)的第一偏转腔(12)和连接内部通道(9)与环形通道(10)的第二偏转腔(13),当混合器-蒸发器(5)设置在内部通道(9)中且当氧化催化转化器(2)或颗粒过滤器(3)或SCR催化转化器(6)环形配置并设置在环形通道(10)中时,获得了紧凑的设计。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种内燃机的排气***。
背景技术
现代内燃机的排气***实行相对复杂的排气再处理,其中使用了不同的排气再处理设备。例如,使用氧化催化转化器以利用残留的氧转换未消耗的烃。同样地,一氧化碳可以在其中转化成二氧化碳。此外,特别是在柴油发动机的情况下,设置颗粒过滤器以过滤掉废气中携带的颗粒,尤其是烟灰。此外,可设置SCR***,优选在柴油发动机的情况下,其中SCR是指选择性催化还原。这样的SCR***通常包括喷射还原剂的喷射器和SCR催化转化器。对于还原剂,通常使用氨或水状尿素溶液。通过热分解和水解,含水尿素中能产生出氨,其在SCR催化转化器中可以用于将氮氧化物还原成氮气和二氧化碳。为了使通常以液体形式喷射到排气流体中的还原剂在通向SCR催化转化器的路径上能够蒸发并与排气混合,需要一定的混合部件。为了改善蒸发和/或混合,并为了缩短这种混合部件,能够使用静态混合器-蒸发器,它们设置在喷射器和SCR催化转化器之间。这样的混和器-蒸发器不同于传统的静态混合器,因为同时使用混合器-蒸发器的导向面或导向叶片以蒸发其上冲击的液体还原剂。特别地,这样的混合器-蒸发器可以构造成基本上不透光的行式,以便在必要的流体中携带的液滴撞击在导向叶片上,并可在其上蒸发。在使用液态还原剂的SCR***的情况下,这样的混合器-蒸发器因此总是不得不设置在用于喷射液体还原剂的喷射器的下游。
在车辆应用的情况下,还出现了普遍的问题,即只能获得相对较小的容纳排气***的安装空间。
发明内容
本发明通过提出开始部分提及的那种类型的排气***改进实施方式解决了上述问题,其特征特别在于紧凑的设计。
根据本发明,这一问题通过独立权利要求的主题加以解决。优选的实施方式是从属权利要求的主题。
本发明基于的总体思想在于提供一种用于容纳排气***多个组件的共同壳体,其包括中心设置的内部通道、围绕内部通道同心设置的环形通道和在环形通道外部成偏心设置的外部通道。该壳体还包括连接外部通道与环形通道的第一偏转腔和连接内部通道与环形通道的第二偏转腔。前面提到的静态混合器-蒸发器现在可设置在内部通道中,而在环形通道中,可设置氧化催化转化器或颗粒过滤器和/或SCR催化转化器,其目的在于将氧化催化转化器或颗粒过滤器或SCR催化转化器呈环状配置。其余的组件设置在排气***内,使氧化催化转化器位于颗粒过滤器的上游和SCR催化转化器的上游。此外,喷射器或者喷射点位于混合器-蒸发器的上游,而混合器-蒸发器设置在SCR催化转化器的上游。通过提出的设计,获得了共同壳体内排气***多个元件非常紧凑的配置。通过两个偏转腔内部的流体偏转,排气***另外实现了极短的设计,因为通过共同壳体内的偏转,能够实现较长的流体部分,其中至少设置了混合器-蒸发器和氧化催化转化器或颗粒过滤器。
根据优选的实施方式,壳体入口形成在外部通道上,同时这种情况下喷射器在第二偏转腔内与内部通道同轴设置。穿过壳体的流体从而从外部向内部发生,以使在排气***操作过程中,排气因此通过外部通道进入第一偏转腔室,从那里通过环形通道到达第二偏转腔并从那里流入到内部通道。
对于另一实施方式,氧化催化转化器可以设置在环形通道内,而混合器-蒸发器设置在颗粒过滤器的上游,且喷射器将还原剂喷射到第二偏转腔中。在此喷射还原剂到第二偏转腔中是有利的,因为无论如何在偏转腔中发生了强烈的流体偏转,这促进了还原剂与排气的混合。此外,因为这样,能够将混合器-蒸发器直接设置在内部通道的入口处,使得在混合器-蒸发器的下游,内部通道中能够获得额外的空间。这个空间可以用作混合部分。这个空间同样可用于容纳SCR催化转化器或颗粒过滤器。还可以想到将SCR催化转化器的功能集成到颗粒过滤器中,因为颗粒过滤器的基片具有合适的SCR催化剂涂层。
因此,对应于进一步的改进,颗粒过滤器可设置在内部通道中混合器-蒸发器的下游。可选择地,SCR催化转化器可设置在内部通道中混合器-蒸发器的下游。正如所提到的,具有SCR催化剂涂层的颗粒过滤器也可设置在内部通道中混合器-蒸发器的下游。
此外,颗粒过滤器可以设置在壳体外部内部通道下游的独立颗粒过滤器壳体中。与此类似,SCR催化转化器可设置在壳体外部内部通道下游的独立SCR催化转化器壳体中。同样地,这里也可能的实施方式是,其中颗粒过滤器,其配备有SCR催化剂涂层,设置在壳体外部内部通道下游的独立壳体中。
对于可选择的实施方式,壳体入口形成在内部通道上,而喷射器设置在内部通道上。通过这样的结构,获得了从内部向外部通过共同壳体的流体,使得在排气***操作期间,排气因此经由壳体入口进入内部通道,从那里到达第二偏转腔,并通过环形通道被引导到第一偏转腔,使得排气可以通过外部通道最终排出。该实施方式也是相对紧凑的设计。
另外地或可选择地,目前可以提供的是,颗粒过滤器和/或SCR催化转化器设置在环形通道中,而混合器-蒸发器设置在颗粒过滤器或SCR催化转化器的上游,且喷射器将还原剂喷射到内部通道中。在此还可以想到的是,在环形通道中,或者设置颗粒过滤器,或者设置SCR催化转化器,或者设置具有SCR催化剂涂层的颗粒过滤器,以实现在此尽可能紧凑的设计。
根据优选的进一步改进,氧化催化转化器可以设置在壳体外部内部通道上游的独立氧化剂壳体中。
对于另一优选的实施方式,混合器-蒸发器相对于流体可以设置在氧化催化转化器和颗粒过滤器之间,或氧化催化转化器和SCR催化转化器之间。在此还构想出一个实施方式,其中使用了包含SCR催化剂涂层的颗粒过滤器。
根据另一实施方式,喷射器能够相对于流体将还原剂喷射到氧化催化转化器和颗粒过滤器之间。在这种情况下,实际上可以设置的是,SCR催化转化器与颗粒过滤器分开设置,并在这种情况下SCR催化转化器设置在共同壳体内部或外部的颗粒过滤器的下游。在这种情况下,颗粒过滤器从而用来实现混合部分或用于实现还原剂和排气的充分混合。
根据实际的实施方式,在第一偏转腔内可发生高达180°,优选约180°的流体偏转。对于另一优选的实施方式,在第二偏转腔内可发生高达180°,优选约180°的流体偏转。特别实用的结构是,其中壳体入口和壳体出口限定了流体的平行方向。在这种情况下,连同双向流体偏转约180°,还实现了排气离开壳体的方向与其进入壳体的方向相同。通过流体偏转,实现了壳体相对紧凑的设计。
为了实现这里介绍的共同壳体,环形通道可在内管和消音器之间径向延伸,其中,内管同轴地伸入消音器中。内部通道然后在该内管中延伸,而外部通道在独立的外管中延伸,其设置在消音器的外部上或消音器的外部。
实际上,对于根据另一改进的这种实施方式,第一偏转腔设置在消音器盖中,消音器盖连接消音器与外管。与之相比,第二偏转腔可设置在消音器底部区域中的消音器内。这产生了共同壳体的简单得以实现的结构,降低了制造排气***的成本。
根据从属权利,附图和借助于附图的相关附图描述,获得了本发明进一步的重要特征和优点。
应当理解的是,上述特征以及下面还要解释的特征,不仅可以在指出的各自组合下使用,而且可在其他组合中或独立地使用,而不脱离本发明的保护范围。
附图说明
本发明的优选示例性实施方式在附图中示出,并在下面的描述中详细说明,其中相同的附图标记指代相同或类似或功能相同的部件。
每种情况下,示意性地显示了:
图1-3是各种实施方式的高度简化的通过排气***的各个纵向剖面图;
图4是排气***的等轴视图。
具体实施方式
根据图1-3,排气***1,其用于排放并经受内燃机(此处未示出)的运转过程中产生的废气再处理废气,包括氧化催化转化器2、颗粒过滤器3、喷射器4、静态混合器-蒸发器5和SCR催化转化器6。喷射器4用于喷射还原剂,其中在图1-3中显示了喷射器7。
排气***1还包括壳体8,下面也可称为共同壳体8或主壳体8,壳体8包括中心设置的内部通道9,与内部通道9同心设置的环形通道10,和相对内部通道9偏心设置的外部通道11。此外,壳体8包括第一偏转腔12,其连接外部通道与环形通道10,以及第二偏转腔13,其连接内部通道9与环形通道10。目前,壳体8设置用于容纳排气***1的多个组件的目的。特别地,在此处显示的所有实施方式中,将混合器-蒸发器5在这种情况下设置在内部通道9中。此外,在图1和图2的实施方式的情况下,将氧化催化转化器2设置在环形通道10中,其目的是将氧化催化转化器2环状配置。与之相比,在图3所示的实施方式情况下,颗粒过滤器3呈环状配置,并设置在环形通道10中。此外,排气***1的部件彼此呈一定关系设置。特别地,氧化催化转化器2总是设置在颗粒过滤器3的上游和SCR催化转化器6的上游。与之相比,喷射器4设置在混合器-蒸发器5的上游和SCR催化转化器6的上游。在图1和图3所示实施方式的情况下,颗粒过滤器3和SCR催化转化器6被设计为独立的元件。与之相比,图2示例性地显示了一实施方式,其中的SCR催化转化器6的功能集成在颗粒过滤器3中。为此,颗粒过滤器3的基片可具有催化活性的涂层,这实现了SCR催化转化器的功能。
图1中所示的颗粒过滤器3和SCR催化转化器6的设置也可以反向,使得SCR催化转化器6位于颗粒过滤器3的上游。
壳体8包括壳体入口14,以及壳体出口15。在图1和图2所示的实施方式的情况下,壳体入口14形成在外部通道11上,使得在排气***1的操作期间或相关内燃机的操作期间,排气在外部通道11进入壳体8。壳体出口15位于内部通道9上。对于这些实施方式,喷射器4设置在与内部通道9同轴的第二偏转腔13上。此外,在这种情况下,氧化催化转化器2设置在环形通道10中。混合器-蒸发器5位于SCR催化转化器6的上游和颗粒过滤器3的上游。喷射器4喷射还原剂到第二偏转腔13中。混合器-蒸发器5设置在内部通道9的入口,即在面向第二偏转腔13的内部通道9的面端上。
此外,对于图1所示的实施方式,颗粒过滤器3设置在内部通道9中混合器-蒸发器5的下游。另外,在这种情况下,SCR催化转化器6另外设置在内部通道9,即壳体出口15的上游。
与之相比,图2显示了实施方式,其中颗粒过滤器3设置在内部通道9下游的独立颗粒过滤器壳体16中,即壳体出口15的下游。可选择地,SCR催化转化器6也可以设置在壳体8外部的独立SCR催化转化器壳体16'中。对于图2中所示的实施方式,SCR催化转化器的功能,如上所述,集成在颗粒过滤器3中。此处同样可以想到的是为共同壳体8或独立壳体16、16'中的颗粒过滤器3和SCR催化转化器6提供两个独立的元件。
此外,可以想到图1和2所示的实施方式的组合,其中颗粒过滤器3设置在内部通道9以及其后SCR催化转化器6独立设置的壳体16'中。同样可以想到的是反向的设计,其中SCR催化转化器6设置在内部通道9中,而颗粒过滤器3设置在壳体8外部,内部通道9下游的独立壳体16中。
对于图3中所示的实施方式,壳体入口14形成在内部通道9上,而壳体出口15位于外部通道11上。在这种情况下,喷射器4设置在内部通道9上。尽管这样,为了能在混合器-蒸发器5的上游喷射,混合器-蒸发器5在这种情况下设置为远离内部通道9的入口端,在图3的实施例中,颗粒过滤器3设置在环形通道10中。类似于图2,SCR催化转化器可设置在独立的SCR催化转化器壳体16'中或在外部通道11中,它在图3中由虚线表示。原则上,此处也可想到颗粒过滤器3和SCR催化转化器6的反向设置,使得SCR催化转化器6呈环状配置,并设置在环形通道10中,而颗粒过滤器3设置在下面的独立壳体16或外部通道11中。在这两种情况下,混合器-蒸发器5在这种情况下设置在颗粒过滤器3的上游和SCR催化转化器6的上游。对于可选择的实施方式,在此可提供的是将SCR催化转化器功能集成在颗粒过滤器3中。
对于图3中所示的实施方式,另外可提供的是将壳体8外部的内部通道9上游的氧化催化转化器2容纳在独立的氧化剂壳体17中,其在壳体入口14后面。
此外,值得注意的是,所有实施方式的混合器-蒸发器5相对于流体在氧化催化转化器2和颗粒过滤器3之间进行设置。借助于喷射器4,还原剂的喷射也可相对于流体在氧化催化转化器2和颗粒过滤器3之间发生。
所示实施例中的外部通道11和内部通道9彼此平行取向。在原则上,对于其他实施方式,外部通道11和内部通道9彼此相对倾斜类似的任何角度。此外,所示实施例中的壳体入口14和壳体出口15的设置使得排气流体的平行方向23、24在其中形成。特别地,流体23和24的这些方向也平行于内部通道9的水平中心轴25。第一偏转腔12引起了在外部通道11和环形通道10之间的180°的流体偏转。同样,第二偏转腔13引起了从环形通道10向内部通道9的180°的流体偏转。
壳体8包括消音器18,内管19和消音器盖20。内管19同轴地伸进消音器18中。在这种情况下,环形通道10径向形成在内管19和消音器18之间。内部通道9由内管19包围。与之相比,外部通道11容纳在独立的外管21中。这种情况下,第一偏转腔12位于消音器盖20中,其连接消音器18与外管21。第二偏转室13位于消音器底部22区域中的消音器18内部。对于图1和图2的实施方式,喷射器4设置在消音器的底部22上。
Claims (15)
1.一种内燃机的排气***,具有
氧化催化转化器(2),
颗粒过滤器(3),
用于喷射还原剂的喷射器(4),
静态混合器-蒸发器(5),
SCR催化转化器(6),
壳体(8),所述壳体(8)包括中心设置的内部通道(9)、与内部通道(9)同心设置的环形通道(10)、偏心设置的外部通道(11 )、连接外部通道(11 )与环形通道(10)的第一偏转腔(12)和连接内部通道(9)与环形通道(10)的第二偏转腔(13),其中,氧化催化转化器(2)设置在颗粒过滤器(3)的上游和SCR催化转化器(6)的上游,
其中,所述喷射器(4)设置在混合器-蒸发器(5)的上游,且混合器-蒸发器(5)在SCR催化转化器(6)的上游,
其中,所述混合器-蒸发器(5)设置在内部通道(9)中,
其中,所述氧化催化转化器(2)或颗粒过滤器(3)或SCR催化转化器(6)环状配置并设置在环形通道(10)中 。
2.根据权利要求1所述的排气***,其特征在于,
壳体入口(14)形成在外部通道(11)上,
喷射器(4)设置在与内部通道(9)同轴的第二偏转腔室(13)上。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的排气***,其特征在于,
所述氧化催化转化器(2)设置在环形通道(10)中,
所述混合器-蒸发器(5)设置在颗粒过滤器(3)和/或SCR催化转化器(6)的上游,
所述喷射器(4)将还原剂喷射到第二偏转腔(13)中。
4.根据权利要求2或3所述的排气***,其特征在于,所述颗粒过滤器(3)和/或SCR催化转化器(6)设置在内部通道(9)中混合器-蒸发器(5)的下游。
5.根据权利要求2或3所述的排气***,其特征在于,所述颗粒过滤器(3)和/或SCR催化转化器(6)设置在壳体(8)外部、内部通道(9)下游的独立壳体(16)中。
6.根据权利要求1所述的排气***,其特征在于,
壳体入口( 14)形成在内部通道(9)上,
所述喷射器(4)设置在内部通道(9)上。
7.根据权利要求1或6所述的排气***,其特征在于,
所述颗粒过滤器(3)和/或SCR催化转化器(6)设置在环形通道(10)中,
所述混合器-蒸发器(5)设置在颗粒过滤器(3)的上游,
所述喷射器( 4)将还原剂喷射到内部通道(9)中。
8.根据权利要求6或7所述的排气***,其特征在于,所述氧化催化转化器(2)设置在壳体(8)外部、内部通道(9)上游的独立壳体(16)中。
9.根据权利要求1至8任一项所述的排气***,其特征在于,所述混合器-蒸发器(5)相对于流体设置在氧化催化转化器(2)和颗粒过滤器(3)之间。
10.根据权利要求1至9任一项所述的排气***,其特征在于,所述喷射器(4)相对于流体将还原剂喷射到氧化催化转化器(2)和颗粒过滤器(3)之间。
11.根据权利要求1至10任一项所述的排气***,其特征在于,在所述第一偏转腔(12)中发生高达180°的流体偏转。
12.根据权利要求1至11任一项所述的排气***,其特征在于,在所述第二偏转腔(13)中发生高达180°的流体偏转。
13.根据权利要求1至12任一项所述的排气***,其特征在于,壳体入口(14)和壳体出口(15)限定了流体(23、24)的平行方向。
14.根据权利要求1至13任一项所述的排气***,其特征在于,环形通道(10)在内管(19)和消音器(18)之间径向延伸,内管(19)同轴地伸入消音器(18)中,
所述内部通道(9)在内管(19)中延伸,
所述外部通道(11)在外管(21)中延伸,所述外管(21)设置在消音器(18)的外部。
15.根据权利要求14所述的排气***,其特征在于,
所述第一偏转腔(12)设置在消音器盖(20 )中,所述消音器盖(20 )连接消音器(18)与外管(21),
所述第二偏转腔( 13 )设置在消音器底部(22)区域的消音器(18)中。
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- 2013-06-10 DE DE102013210799.4A patent/DE102013210799C5/de active Active
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2014
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- 2014-05-13 EP EP15173676.6A patent/EP2957739B1/de active Active
- 2014-05-29 CN CN202010363053.5A patent/CN111691960A/zh active Pending
- 2014-05-29 CN CN201410234131.6A patent/CN104234792A/zh active Pending
- 2014-06-09 US US14/299,368 patent/US9410460B2/en active Active
- 2014-06-09 BR BR102014013904A patent/BR102014013904B8/pt active IP Right Grant
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CN106321199A (zh) * | 2015-07-03 | 2017-01-11 | 福特环球技术公司 | 运转具有排气道的车辆的方法 |
US10837341B2 (en) | 2015-07-03 | 2020-11-17 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Exhaust tract having a metering device which sprays counter to a direction of flow, method for operating an exhaust tract and vehicle having an exhaust tract |
CN107269351A (zh) * | 2016-03-31 | 2017-10-20 | 曼柴油机和涡轮机欧洲股份公司 | 带有排气后处理***的内燃机 |
CN107269351B (zh) * | 2016-03-31 | 2021-11-05 | 曼恩能源方案有限公司 | 带有排气后处理***的内燃机 |
CN109162790A (zh) * | 2018-07-02 | 2019-01-08 | 上海诺骋工程机械排气***有限公司 | 一种紧凑型尾气后处理*** |
CN109162790B (zh) * | 2018-07-02 | 2021-08-20 | 上海诺骋工程机械排气***有限公司 | 一种紧凑型尾气后处理*** |
CN115335591A (zh) * | 2020-03-30 | 2022-11-11 | 日立造船株式会社 | 排气脱硝装置 |
CN115335591B (zh) * | 2020-03-30 | 2023-10-20 | 日立造船株式会社 | 排气脱硝装置 |
CN113230887A (zh) * | 2021-04-13 | 2021-08-10 | 河南柴油机重工有限责任公司 | 一种高催化效率的scr催化器 |
CN114412616A (zh) * | 2022-01-10 | 2022-04-29 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | 一种超紧凑后处理***、增压器组件及发动机 |
WO2023131337A1 (zh) * | 2022-01-10 | 2023-07-13 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | 一种超紧凑后处理***、增压器组件及发动机 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20140360170A1 (en) | 2014-12-11 |
EP2957739A1 (de) | 2015-12-23 |
DE102013210799C5 (de) | 2020-07-09 |
EP2957739B1 (de) | 2016-08-17 |
EP2813679B1 (de) | 2016-11-02 |
BR102014013904A2 (pt) | 2015-03-24 |
CN111691960A (zh) | 2020-09-22 |
US9410460B2 (en) | 2016-08-09 |
BR102014013904B1 (pt) | 2021-11-09 |
DE102013210799A1 (de) | 2014-12-11 |
DE102013210799B4 (de) | 2014-12-24 |
EP2813679A1 (de) | 2014-12-17 |
BR102014013904B8 (pt) | 2023-02-14 |
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