CN104226980B - The method strengthening metal powder material laser energy absorption efficiency - Google Patents
The method strengthening metal powder material laser energy absorption efficiency Download PDFInfo
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- CN104226980B CN104226980B CN201410363227.2A CN201410363227A CN104226980B CN 104226980 B CN104226980 B CN 104226980B CN 201410363227 A CN201410363227 A CN 201410363227A CN 104226980 B CN104226980 B CN 104226980B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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Abstract
The invention discloses the method strengthening metal powder material laser energy absorption efficiency: first take metal-powder and material with carbon element and material with carbon element is purified, then by the material with carbon element mix homogeneously of metal-powder and purification, then aerosolization process metal-powder and material with carbon element mixture obtain metal/carbon composite, last ball-milling treatment aerosolization gained metal/carbon composite; Wherein, material with carbon element is CNT, Graphene, graphite or white carbon black, and its weight is the 0.5%～10% of gross weight. The present invention adds material with carbon element powder in metal-powder, and successively use aerosolization and ball-milling technology to process, final prepared powder body material uniform particle sizes, sphericity height, laser absorption rate are up to 70%, its Laser Processing efficiency and profiled member mechanical property can be greatly improved, and reduce manufacturing cost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to three-dimensional manufacturing technology field, the method relating to strengthening metal powder material laser energy absorption efficiency.
Background technology
Laser processing technology has the advantage that working ability is strong, efficiency is high, easily realizes Flexible Manufacture, save material; The process main manifestations of Laser Processing is absorbed laser energy to be processed and this energy is converted into heat energy; Therefore, laser processing procedure is played decisive influence by the absorption efficiency of material for laser light energy. Metal is common laser processing of materials, but the restriction by self performance, laser produces strong reflection at metal material surface, (laser forms standing wave node at the electric field of metal material surface to take away overwhelming majority energy, free electron is subject to the forced vibration in light-wave electric magnetic field and produces subwave, these subwaves produce strong echo, cause energy losses); This is to long-wave band laser particularly evident (under long-wave band, photon energy is relatively low, mainly the free electron in metal is worked, and is almost total reflection, only a small amount of absorption).
For strengthening metal surface laser absorption efficiency, it is common to way be coated with, at metal material surface, the coating that a layer resistivity is high, free electron is few. But, this method is readily incorporated impurity, coating surface flatness and thickness evenness is had higher requirement, and is difficult to use in metal powder material.
Along with the development of Laser Rapid Prototyping Technique, utilize high energy laser beam successively to be melted by metal dust and be configured to the rapid laser-shaping technique acquisition Chinese scholars extensive concern of metal parts. Therefore, develop a kind of new method improving metal powder laser S. E. A. become a kind of in the urgent need to.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of method strengthening metal powder material laser energy absorption efficiency.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides following technical scheme:
The method strengthening metal powder material laser energy absorption efficiency, including:
Stp1: take metal-powder and material with carbon element mix homogeneously;
Stp2: aerosolization processes the metal-powder of Stp1 and obtains metal/carbon composite with material with carbon element mixture;
Stp3: ball-milling treatment Stp2 aerosolization gained metal/carbon composites.
Further, also include adding material with carbon element dense H before Stp1 hybrid metal powder body and material with carbon element2S04/HNO3The step being purified in nitration mixture.
Further, when Stp1 hybrid metal powder body and material with carbon element, first material with carbon element is added in alcoholic solution and carry out ultrasound wave dispersion, be then added thereto to metal-powder and carry out magnetic agitation, the metal-powder that final drying is uniformly mixed and material with carbon element mixture.
Further, the metal-powder particle diameter of Stp1 is 20 μm～150 μm, and material with carbon element particle diameter is 10nm～1 μm.
Further, Stp1 material with carbon element weight is the 0.5%～10% of gross weight.
Further, Stp1 metal-powder is one or more in Al alloy powder, magnesium alloy powder, Titanium Powder, stainless steel powder, tungsten alloy powder, nickel-base alloy powder, cochrome powder or copper powder.
Further, Stp1 material with carbon element is one or more in CNT, Graphene, graphite or white carbon black.
Further, gas pressure 0.1MPa～2MPa when Stp2 aerosolization processes, fusion temperature 1000 DEG C～3600 DEG C, air velocity 0.1m/s～10m/s.
Further, rotating speed 300～800rpm, Ball-milling Time 0.5～12h, ratio of grinding media to material 10:1 during Stp3 ball-milling treatment.
The beneficial effects of the present invention is:
The present invention strengthens the method for metal powder material laser energy absorption efficiency, by adding material with carbon element powder in metal-powder, and successively using aerosolization and ball-milling technology to process, final prepared powder body material uniform particle sizes, sphericity height, laser absorption rate are up to 70% (in visible-infrared region); Its Laser Processing efficiency and profiled member mechanical property can be greatly improved, and reduce manufacturing cost.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to make the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect clearly, the present invention provides drawings described below to illustrate:
Fig. 1 is the process chart of embodiment 1.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail.
Embodiment 1:
The present embodiment strengthens the method for metal powder material laser energy absorption efficiency as it is shown in figure 1, comprise the following steps:
1) 99.5 parts of magnesium alloy powder and 0.5 part of carbon nanotube dust are chosen;
Magnesium alloy-powder particle diameter selected by this step is 25 μm, CNT tube wall external diameter 20～30nm, and length is 20～30 μm, purity > 99.9%;
2) by step 1) selected by CNT add dense H2S04/HNO3In nitration mixture (volume ratio 3:l), purification process 30min, then material with carbon element is carried out pickling and cleans 2～3 times with deionized water;
3) by step 2) carbon nanotube dust after purification process adds supersound process 60min in alcoholic solution and removes the impurity such as the metallic iron in carbon nanotube dust therein, then by step 1) selected by magnesium alloy powder add alcoholic solution and carry out the mixed powder of magnetic agitation (controlling the mixed powder time is 4h, and magneton rotating speed is 30r min-1), finally at 70 DEG C, magnetic agitation gained powder body is dried the CNT being namely uniformly mixed and magnesium alloy mixture;
4) by step 3) mixture add gas atomization device prepare magnesium alloy/carbon nano tube compound material;
In the present embodiment, atomization gas is argon, gas pressure 2MPa, fusion temperature 1000 DEG C, air velocity 1.0m/s;
5) high-performance ball mill device is utilized to step 4) gained magnesium alloy/carbon nano tube compound material carries out ball milling process;
In the present embodiment, rotating speed 400rpm during ball milling, Ball-milling Time 6h, ratio of grinding media to material 10:1;
Embodiment 2: the present embodiment strengthens the method for metal powder material laser energy absorption efficiency, comprises the following steps:
1) 99 parts of Al alloy powders and 1 part of graphene powder are chosen;
Al alloy powder particle diameter selected by this step is 35 μm, graphene film layer thickness 1～50nm, slice width 0.1～1 μm;
2) by step 1) selected by Graphene powder add dense H2S04/HNO3In nitration mixture (volume ratio 3:l), purification process 30min, then Graphene powder is carried out pickling and cleans 2～3 times with deionized water;
3) by step 2) Graphene powder after purification process adds supersound process 60min in alcoholic solution and removes impurity therein, then by step 1) selected by Al alloy powder add alcoholic solution and carry out the mixed powder of magnetic agitation (controlling the mixed powder time is 4h, and magneton rotating speed is 30r min-1), finally at 70 DEG C, magnetic agitation gained powder body is dried the Graphene being namely uniformly mixed and aluminium alloy mixture;
4) by step 3) mixture add gas atomization device prepare aluminium alloy/graphene composite material;
In the present embodiment, atomization gas is argon, gas pressure 2MPa, fusion temperature 1200 DEG C, air velocity 2.0m/s;
5) high-performance ball mill device is utilized to step 4) gained aluminium alloy/graphene composite material carries out ball milling process;
In the present embodiment, rotating speed 600rpm during ball milling, Ball-milling Time 8h, ratio of grinding media to material 10:1.
Embodiment 3:
The present embodiment strengthens the method for metal powder material laser energy absorption efficiency, comprises the following steps:
1) 98 parts of copper powders and 2 parts of graphite powders are chosen;
Copper powder size selected by this step is 50 μm, and graphite powder particle diameter is 100nm;
2) by step 1) selected by graphite powder add dense H2S04/HNO3In nitration mixture (volume ratio 3:l), purification process 30min, then graphite powder is carried out pickling and cleans 2～3 times with deionized water;
3) by step 2) graphite powder after purification process adds supersound process 60min in alcoholic solution and removes impurity therein, then by step 1) selected by copper powder add alcoholic solution and carry out the mixed powder of magnetic agitation (controlling the mixed powder time is 4h, and magneton rotating speed is 30r min-1), finally at 70 DEG C, magnetic agitation gained powder body is dried the graphite and copper powder mixture that are namely uniformly mixed;
4) by step 3) mixture add gas atomization device prepare copper/graphite composite material;
In the present embodiment, atomization gas is argon, gas pressure 2MPa, fusion temperature 1500 DEG C, air velocity 4.0m/s;
5) high-performance ball mill device is utilized to step 4) gained copper/graphite composite material carries out ball milling process;
In the present embodiment, rotating speed 800rpm during ball milling, Ball-milling Time 12h, ratio of grinding media to material 10:1.
Composite powder material obtained by above-described embodiment is carried out performance detection, and result is as shown in table 1:
Table 1 each embodiment gained composite powder material performance test
| Embodiment | Mean diameter | Sphericity | Laser absorption rate |
| Embodiment 1 | 25μm | > 95% | 75% |
| Embodiment 2 | 35μm | > 95% | 74% |
| Embodiment 3 | 50μm | > 95% | 70% |
As can be seen from the above table, composite powder material uniform particle sizes, sphericity that employing the inventive method prepares are high, and laser absorption rate is apparently higher than 70%, it is possible to its Laser Processing efficiency and profiled member mechanical property is greatly improved, and reduces manufacturing cost.
It should be noted that preferred embodiment above is only in order to illustrate technical scheme and unrestricted. It is true that laser absorption rate is also improved significantly after other metal-powders such as Titanium Powder, stainless steel powder, tungsten alloy powder, nickel-base alloy powder, the employing present invention process process of cochrome powder;Material with carbon element content is also not necessarily limited to the numerical value disclosed in above-described embodiment, all can strengthen the laser absorption ability of composite powder material when material with carbon element content is 0.5%～10%, and especially, when material with carbon element content is 0.5%～5%, effect is especially pronounced; It addition, aerosolization process time gas pressure 0.1MPa～2MPa, fusion temperature 1000 DEG C～3600 DEG C, air velocity 0.1m/s～10m/s; Rotating speed 300～800rpm during ball-milling treatment, Ball-milling Time 0.5～12h, ratio of grinding media to material 10:1 all can realize the target of the present invention.
What finally illustrate is, preferred embodiment above is only in order to illustrate technical scheme and unrestricted, although the present invention being described in detail by above preferred embodiment, but skilled artisan would appreciate that, in the form and details it can be made various change, without departing from claims of the present invention limited range.
Claims (8)
1. the method strengthening metal powder material laser energy absorption efficiency, it is characterised in that including:
Stp1: take metal-powder and material with carbon element mix homogeneously;
Stp2: aerosolization processes the metal-powder of Stp1 and obtains metal/carbon composite with material with carbon element mixture, gas pressure 0.1MPa～2MPa when aerosolization processes, fusion temperature 1000 DEG C～3600 DEG C, air velocity 0.1m/s～10m/s;
Stp3: ball-milling treatment Stp2 aerosolization gained metal/carbon composite.
2. the method strengthening metal powder material laser energy absorption efficiency according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: also include adding material with carbon element dense H before Stp1 hybrid metal powder body and material with carbon element2S04With dense HNO3The step being purified in nitration mixture.
3. the method strengthening metal powder material laser energy absorption efficiency according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: when Stp1 hybrid metal powder body and material with carbon element, first material with carbon element is added in alcoholic solution and carry out ultrasound wave dispersion, then it is added thereto to metal-powder and carries out magnetic agitation, the metal-powder that final drying is uniformly mixed and material with carbon element mixture.
4. the method strengthening metal powder material laser energy absorption efficiency according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the metal-powder particle diameter of Stp1 is 20 μm～150 μm, and material with carbon element particle diameter is 10nm～1 μm.
5. the method strengthening metal powder material laser energy absorption efficiency according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: Stp1 material with carbon element weight is the 0.5%～10% of gross weight.
6. the method strengthening metal powder material laser energy absorption efficiency according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: Stp1 metal-powder is one or more in Al alloy powder, magnesium alloy powder, Titanium Powder, stainless steel powder, tungsten alloy powder, nickel-base alloy powder, cochrome powder or copper powder.
7. the method strengthening metal powder material laser energy absorption efficiency according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: Stp1 material with carbon element is one or more in CNT, Graphene, graphite or white carbon black.
8. the method strengthening metal powder material laser energy absorption efficiency according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: rotating speed 300～800rpm during Stp3 ball-milling treatment, Ball-milling Time 0.5～12h, ratio of grinding media to material 10:1.
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