CN104221978B - The method that a kind of Arid Region row's alkali canal is breeded fish - Google Patents
The method that a kind of Arid Region row's alkali canal is breeded fish Download PDFInfo
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- CN104221978B CN104221978B CN201410566934.1A CN201410566934A CN104221978B CN 104221978 B CN104221978 B CN 104221978B CN 201410566934 A CN201410566934 A CN 201410566934A CN 104221978 B CN104221978 B CN 104221978B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the method that salt water resources abundant in a kind of row of utilization alkali canal carries out a fish culture, the method follows these steps to carry out: the selection of a, fishery and the screening of water quality; B, trunk row alkali canal culvert perches the setting in the place of avoiding heat as fry; The selection of c, fry and input; D, in initial 6 months, feed, release time and throw in the setting in place; Feed change in 7th ~ 10 months, and can results be fished in 2 ~ March of next year.Adopt the method to take full advantage of abundant salt water resources in irrigated area, Arid Region trunk row alkali canal and irrigated area field irrigation, apply fertilizer and chinese carp flowing water culture is carried out to the desalination effect of row's alkali channel water body and nutrient supply effect, this process simplify the Complicated Flow of excavation fish pond hydrostatic cultivation, greatly reduce the input cost of man power and material, significantly the row's of adding alkali canal salt water cultivation output, improves the income of peasant.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method utilizing the salt water resources enriched in the row's alkali canal of irrigated area, Arid Region to carry out fish culture in running water, belong to salt water cultivation field.
Background technology
Irrigated area generally refer to reliable water source and draw, the irrigated area of defeated, canal for water distribution system and respective row flume.Gutter drainage technology is a Main Means in improvement saline land, irrigated area, Arid Region, especially in drip irrigation technique also universal, that salination area is larger irrigated area.This technology, in long-term application practice, has defined the system of regular winter, the spring irrigation desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching, and has thereby produced abundant salt water resources.In addition crop growth period pours water produced draining to the supplementary and desalination effect of arranging salt water resources in alkali canal, makes irrigated area arrange alkali canal, and especially trunk row alkali canal (being called for short " row of doing ") has possessed the condition of carrying out aquaculture.But breed fish because shortage mature technology carries out row's alkali canal salt water, causing irrigated area to produce a large amount of salt water resources cannot be utilized effectively and leave unused for a long time.
By " SWIC " (1989-), " academic magazine database " (1994-), " Chinese patent database " (1985-), " general full-text database is tieed up in Chongqing ", ISIProceedings (1968-), CSA (1985-), Blackwell (1990-), international and domestic database such as Elsevier (1980-), CNKI etc.The patent of invention found altogether and breed fish relevant 237, focus mostly in the design of fish culture apparatus, fish feed formula and at fresh barrage fish culture with utilize Winter paddy field to carry out the technology of freshwater aquiculture, similar to this technology only has 8 patents such as " in the middle-size and small-size lacustrine fishes cultural method of carbonate type heavy salinized property ", " high yields fish culturing method for carbonate type heavy salinized small reservoir ", " method for cultivation of fish in carbonate type heavy saline-alkali reed pond " and " saline land fish, wheat crop rotation development approach ".The place that these technology are identical with the present invention all uses salt water or the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching and irrigation water to cultivate, difference is that these technology are all carry out in fish pond, lake or reservoir, belong to hydrostatic cultivation, and this technology is carried out in the dry row in irrigated area, belongs to flowing water culture.And these techniqueflows are comparatively complicated, require higher, as needed fish pond sterilization, needing fertilising, the omnidistance particle fish meal and logical oxygen and the artificial fresh water that injects thrown in reduce the salinity of water body, this technology then mainly utilizes Irrigation Project Design and the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching and enters fresh water in dry row by farmland and fertilizer regulates and controls the salinity in water body and nutrient, do not need special input to carry out disinfection, apply fertilizer, lead to oxygen and introduce freshwater resources, and only have the time of 60% to need to throw in special particle fish meal.Retrieve and relevant deliver 4197 sections, document to breeding fish, have 8 sections to salt water relevant article of breeding fish, but all need to set up special fish pond and carry out disinfection, apply fertilizer and the measure such as logical oxygen, still belong to hydrostatic cultivation category.Wherein, magnificent Guiping and height are built the article " report of high salinity waters, arid area chinese carp culture experiment " that strong calendar year 2001 is published in " Beijing aquatic products " and are the most close with this research one section and report.The document reports local technical staff, and in 2000, in Turfan Prefecture, the row of utilization alkali canal highrank fuel salinity water carried out based on carp, and silver carp, flathead, crucian are auxiliary fish-culture test.This test excavates fish pond near row's alkali canal, and then the water of the row's of introducing alkali canal carries out a fish culture.Its techniqueflow is identical with freshwater aquiculture, needs to carry out disinfection to fish pond, applies fertilizer, the measure such as fresh waterflood, still belong to hydrostatic cultivation category, and non-immediate utilizes row's alkali canal to carry out flowing water culture.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to: provide salt water resources abundant in a kind of row of utilization alkali canal to carry out the method for a fish culture.Adopt the method can make full use of abundant salt water resources in the row's alkali canal of irrigated area, Arid Region and irrigated area field irrigation, apply fertilizer and chinese carp flowing water culture is carried out to the desalination effect of row's alkali channel water body and nutrient supply effect, the Complicated Flow of excavation fish pond hydrostatic cultivation can be simplified, reduce the input cost of man power and material, significantly increase row's alkali canal salt water cultivation output, improve the income of peasant.
It is as follows that the present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above adopted technical scheme: the method that a kind of Arid Region row's alkali canal is breeded fish, and the method follows these steps to carry out:
A, for ensureing that Arid Region row's alkali canal is breeded fish the required water yield and suitable salinity range, the upstream needing the dry row selected near side, irrigated area is fishery, row's alkali width of the channel degree should not be less than 15 meters, the degree of depth is not less than 1.5 meters, lowest water level is not less than 1 meter, the salinity of water should more than 10g/kg, pH between 7 ~ 8;
B, the length selecting the trunk of breeding fish to arrange alkali canal canal section are no more than 1000 meters, within the scope of row 1 meter, alkali canal both sides, water surface planting or growth have luxuriant pasture and water, and be provided with culvert at dry row two ends, or people be lay length be not less than 10 meters and high, the wide culvert concordant with row's alkali canal perches the place of avoiding heat as fry, and escape fishing stakes culvert arranged outside is anti-;
C, select weight at the fry 400 ~ 700kg of the carp of 100 ~ 300g, crucian and grass carp, throw in when the annual spring irrigation desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching in 4 ~ May, the input ratio of three kinds of fries is 5:3:2;
In d, after completing steps c initial 6 months, raise in the mode of throwing in pellet, each injected volume is 4 ~ 5kg; Within 7th ~ 10 months, raise in the mode of throwing in clover, each injected volume is 15 ~ 18kg; It is every day 1 time that pellet and clover throw in frequency, and the release time is 14:00-16:00, and throw in place for row alkali canal one end culvert, fishing harvest time is 2 ~ March of next year.
The described release time be noon 2:00 to 4:00 in afternoon, namely the most hot in the middle of the Inland Arid Area in Xinjiang one day time period.The present invention utilizes abundant salt water resources in row's alkali canal to carry out the method for a fish culture, mainly be applicable to that drip irrigation area is no more than arable area 1/4, salination arable area is not less than 2/3 of arable area, and irrigation and drainage system with functions improves and has the irrigated area, Arid Region of the system of annual Winter-Spring lavation salt
Beneficial effect of the present invention: adopt this method to take full advantage of abundant salt water resources in the row's alkali canal of irrigated area, Arid Region and irrigated area field irrigation, apply fertilizer and chinese carp flowing water culture is carried out to the desalination effect of row's alkali channel water body and nutrient supply effect, simplify the Complicated Flow of excavation fish pond hydrostatic cultivation, greatly reduce the input cost of man power and material, significantly the row's of adding alkali canal salt water cultivation output, improves the income of peasant.
Embodiment
The method that embodiment 1, a kind of Arid Region row's alkali canal are breeded fish, the method follows these steps to carry out:
A, for ensureing that Arid Region row's alkali canal is breeded fish the required water yield and suitable salinity range, the upstream needing the dry row selected near side, irrigated area is fishery, row's alkali width of the channel degree should not be less than 15 meters, the degree of depth is not less than 1.5 meters, lowest water level is not less than 1 meter, the salinity of water should more than 10g/kg, pH between 7 ~ 8;
The length of dry row's canal section that b, selection are breeded fish is no more than 1000 meters, within the scope of row 1 meter, alkali canal both sides, water surface planting or growth have luxuriant pasture and water, and be provided with culvert at dry row two ends, or people be lay length be not less than 10 meters and high, the wide culvert concordant with row's alkali canal perches the place of avoiding heat as fry, and escape fishing stakes culvert arranged outside is anti-;
C, select weight at the fry 400 ~ 700kg of the carp of 100 ~ 300g, crucian and grass carp, throw in when the annual spring irrigation desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching in 4 ~ May, the input ratio of three kinds of fries is 5:3:2;
In d, after completing steps c initial 6 months, raise in the mode of throwing in pellet, each injected volume is 4 ~ 5kg; Within 7th ~ 10 months, raise in the mode of throwing in clover, each injected volume is 15 ~ 18kg; It is every day 1 time that pellet and clover throw in frequency, and the release time is 14:00-16:00, and throw in place for row alkali canal one end culvert, fishing harvest time is 2 ~ March of next year.
Concrete practice: a kind of Arid Region of the present invention utilizes abundant salt water resources in row's alkali canal to carry out the method for a fish culture in irrigated area, Taxkorgan County Tadzhikistan A Bati town row's alkali canal success of the test in the diligent river valley downstream of Southwest Margin of Tarim Basin lid, and concrete operations follow these steps to carry out:
A, to breed fish the required water yield and suitable salinity range for ensureing, the upstream needing the dry row selected near side, irrigated area is fishery, and row's alkali width of the channel degree should not be less than 15 meters, the degree of depth is not less than 1.5 meters, lowest water level is not less than 1 meter, and the salinity of water should more than 10g/kg, pH between 7 ~ 8;
B, select the length of dry row's canal section of breeding fish to be advisable to be no more than 1000 meters, row's 1 meter, alkali canal both sides scope water surface planting or growth have comparatively luxuriant pasture and water and two ends have culvert or people be lay length be not less than 10 meters and high, the wide culvert concordant with row's alkali canal prevent escaping fishing stakes to perch the place of avoiding heat as fry and to place outside culvert;
C, select weight at the fry 400 ~ 700kg of the carp of 100 ~ 300g, crucian and grass carp, throw in when the annual spring irrigation desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching in 4 ~ May, throw in the period that namely in dry row, the water yield is maximum, the input ratio of three kinds of fries is 5:3:2;
D, raising in the mode of throwing in pellet for initial 6 months at completing steps c, each injected volume 4 ~ 5kg; Within latter 4 months, (namely 7th ~ 10 months) raise in the mode of throwing in clover, and each injected volume is 15 ~ 18kg; Throwing in frequency is every day 1 time, the release time be noon 2:00 to 4:00 in afternoon, namely the most hot in the middle of the Inland Arid Area in Xinjiang one day time period, throw in place near the culvert of row alkali canal one end, namely fry concentrates the proximal site of avoiding heat and perching; , the time of results fishing is 2 ~ March of next year.
Culture efficiency: 2011 ~ 2013, the water surface done between Pai Dong, 2 culverts in west within the scope of 1000 meters near side, irrigated area in Taxkorgan County Tadzhikistan A Bati town respectively drops into fry 400kg, 650kg, 1000kg respectively, and the kind of fry is carp, crucian and grass carp.The saline and alkaline situation of water quality in row's alkali canal is as shown in table 1, and in canal, salinity is between 6.25 ~ 7.06g/kg, and pH is about 7.6, and salt ion type is sulfuric acid-chloride salt.
Irrigated area, Tadzhikistan A Bati town, table 1. Taxkorgan County row's alkali canal is breeded fish actual effect
As shown in table 2, during input, the average weight of fry is 120 ~ 300g/ tail, and after cultivating 10 months according to this method, the average weight of adult fish is 1.5 ~ 2kg/ tail.The adult fish average wholesale price of 3 years is 15 yuan/kg, and after deducting fry and feed cost, the net profit brought to locality is every year 2.268 ~ 12.485 ten thousand yuan/year, remarkable in economical benefits.
Irrigated area, Tadzhikistan A Bati town, table 2. Taxkorgan County row's alkali canal is breeded fish actual effect
In practice, consider that the application of drip irrigation economize technology in Arid Region can cause arranging the very few water shortage of desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching pressure alkali that also can cause of alkali channel water quantity not sufficient and salinity rising and salination arable area with the water yield in supplementary row's alkali canal needed for family's fish culture.Therefore, implement in the method in the selection in region, the drip irrigation area in selected irrigated area should not exceed 1/4 of arable area, and salination arable area is not less than 2/3 of arable area, and in irrigated area, irrigation and drainage system with functions improves and has the system of annual Winter-Spring lavation salt.In addition, in view of section of breeding fish select in row's alkali canal, downstream can cause the water yield in dry row greatly to decline because of evaporation and seepage, and, dry row away from irrigated area is subject to irrigated area internal cause and irrigates and farmland fertilization and the fresh water that produces and nutrient supply can corresponding minimizings, so that can cause salinity rising in water body, nutriment deficiency and be unfavorable for that fry survives.So this method selects width to be greater than 15 meters, and the degree of depth is greater than 1.5 meters, and lowest water level is not less than 1 meter, and the salinity of water is no more than 10g/kg.PH is between 7 ~ 8 and the upstream of the dry row of close side, irrigated area is fishery.The length of dry row's canal section of breeding fish is advisable to be no more than 1000 meters, row's 1 meter, alkali canal both sides scope water surface planting or growth have comparatively luxuriant pasture and water and two ends have culvert or people be lay length be not less than 10 meters and high, the wide culvert concordant with row's alkali canal to perch the place of avoiding heat as fry.Place outside culvert and prevent escaping fishing stakes.Select weight at the fry 400 ~ 700kg of the carp of 100 ~ 300g, crucian and grass carp, throw in when the annual spring irrigation desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching in 4 ~ May.Namely throw in the period that in dry row, the water yield is maximum, the input ratio of three kinds of fries is that 5:3:2 raised in the mode of throwing in pellet at initial 6 months.Each injected volume 4 ~ 5kg; After fry growth was by 6 months, change into and throw in clover as fish meal, each injected volume is 15 ~ 18kg, and the duration is 4 months.Frequency thrown in by feed is every day 1 time, the release time be noon 2:00 to 4:00 in afternoon, namely the most hot in the middle of the Inland Arid Area in Xinjiang one day time period, throw in place near the culvert of row alkali canal one end, namely fry concentrates the proximal site of avoiding heat and perching.The time of results fishing is 2 ~ March of next year.
Claims (1)
1. the method that alkali canal is breeded fish is arranged in Arid Region, and it is characterized in that, the method follows these steps to carry out:
A, for ensureing that Arid Region row's alkali canal is breeded fish the required water yield and suitable salinity range, the upstream needing the trunk row alkali canal selected near side, irrigated area is fishery, row's alkali width of the channel degree should not be less than 15 meters, the degree of depth is not less than 1.5 meters, lowest water level is not less than 1 meter, the salinity of water should more than 10g/kg, pH between 7 ~ 8;
B, the length selecting the trunk of breeding fish to arrange alkali canal canal section are no more than 1000 meters, within the scope of row 1 meter, alkali canal both sides, water surface planting or growth have luxuriant pasture and water, and be provided with culvert at trunk row alkali canal two ends, or people be lay length be not less than 10 meters and high, the wide culvert concordant with row's alkali canal perches the place of avoiding heat as fry, and escape fishing stakes culvert arranged outside is anti-;
C, select weight at the fry 400 ~ 700kg of the carp of 100 ~ 300g, crucian and grass carp, throw in when the annual spring irrigation desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching in 4 ~ May, the input ratio of three kinds of fries is 5:3:2;
In d, after completing steps c initial 6 months, raise in the mode of throwing in pellet, each injected volume is 4 ~ 5kg; Within 7th ~ 10 months, raise in the mode of throwing in clover, each injected volume is 15 ~ 18kg; It is every day 1 time that pellet and clover throw in frequency, and the release time is 14:00-16:00, and throw in place for row alkali canal one end culvert, fishing harvest time is 2 ~ March of next year.
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| CN1810099A (en) * | 2005-01-24 | 2006-08-02 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | Siberia sturgeon cultivation in plateau saline-alkali water |
| CN102792909A (en) * | 2012-08-27 | 2012-11-28 | 中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所 | Fish culture system and method using saline-alkaline water |
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| RU1777710C (en) * | 1990-07-09 | 1992-11-30 | Кубанский сельскохозяйственный институт | Washing irrigation of saline soil |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1810099A (en) * | 2005-01-24 | 2006-08-02 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | Siberia sturgeon cultivation in plateau saline-alkali water |
| CN102792909A (en) * | 2012-08-27 | 2012-11-28 | 中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所 | Fish culture system and method using saline-alkaline water |
| CN102893939A (en) * | 2012-11-15 | 2013-01-30 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Method for breeding river crabs by utilizing subsiding water in saline-alkali land rice field |
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| 干旱地区高盐度水域家鱼养殖试验报告;华桂平等;《北京水产》;20010615(第3期);第19-20页 * |
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