CN104221800A - Special tree shape thin cylinder-shaped culturing method for peach trees, apricot trees and plum trees of facilities - Google Patents
Special tree shape thin cylinder-shaped culturing method for peach trees, apricot trees and plum trees of facilities Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a special tree shape thin cylinder-shaped culturing method for peach trees, apricot trees and plum trees of facilities, and relates to the technical field of culturing of fruit trees of facilities. The method comprises the following steps of directly generating a fruiting branch on a main trunk; after fruit picking, cutting the fruiting branch to the base part, promoting the germination of side buds of the base plate, and using tip buds germinated by the side buds to culture the next-year fruiting branch; after fruit picking, cutting the main trunk again, and using the weak buds as head buds to promote the germination of lower buds. The method has the advantages that the space in the facilities is furthest utilized; the technical requirement on maintaining the tree shape is low, and the difficulty is low; the labor strength of workers is little.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Fruit Protected Cultivation technical field, be specially the breeding method of a kind of facility peach, apricot, Lee's special tree-like " buttress shaft shape ".
Background technology
Tree-like most employing that current facility peach, apricot, Lee produce employing is outdoor tree-like: the happy shape of three scaffold limbs, Y-shaped, trunk shape.These three kinds tree-like mainly contains at tree body mechanism: trunk, center dry (trunk shape without), skeleton branch, fruit-bearing shoot cluster.Trunk, center do give birth to skeleton branch be whole tree-like in core skeleton structure; Skeleton branch is the structure of giving birth to fruit-bearing shoot cluster; Fruit-bearing shoot cluster is carpogenic structure.
Trunk, center are done and are carried out in the whole process of producing being generally all permanent at tree body.Skeleton branch generally retains for many years.Fruit-bearing shoot cluster generally retains 1 year.Current production model bounces back to fruit bearing shoot base portion after annual fruit-bearing shoot cluster result, and the young sprout after fruit bearing shoot basal bud sprouts is as the structure branch of next year.Such pattern must make skeleton branch constantly stretch out, and fruit-bearing shoot cluster inserted part is constantly outer to be moved.Repeat such operation for many years and must make that the position of result is constantly outer to be moved, tree body inner most branch group is withered no longer possesses bearing capacity, whole tree body constantly increases.
Although current technology proposes to want timely replacement, its operability is too low.Reason is that peach, apricot, Li Xianya are easily withered withered before the update, so utilize kryptoblast when upgrading more, and the inserted part of kryptoblast does not have regularity and the life-span of kryptoblast is also very short, cause the technical requirement that upgrades higher, even if manufacturing-oriented expert is also difficult to hold for many years.
Because tree body does not generally have service aisle too greatly, when causing the work such as pruning, laxative, fertilising, operation easier greatly, thus make the amount of labour used large.Ventilation and penetrating light condition in addition due to the too large facility of tree body is very poor, improves commodity value to improve fruit color, so fruit is mentioned the space that can accept sunlight by the method that orchard worker uses rope to hang branch at present, rope dismemberment is fallen after picking fruit again.Such one hangs a solution, and the amount of labour used increases greatly.
Comprehensive above situation we can find these three kinds of main use at present tree-like they all there is shortcoming: do not utilize space in facility to greatest extent; The tree-like technical requirement keeping needing is high, difficulty is large; Labor amount is large.
Summary of the invention
The present invention solves existing tree-like shortcomings, and further investigation peach, apricot, Li Zhiya, the relevant habit of yielding positive results, sprouting, have developed the breeding method of facility peach, apricot, Lee's special tree-like " buttress shaft shape ".This tree-like feature is: trunk strong (peach of dryness difference is held up dry with pole), does not have skeleton branch, direct raw fruit bearing shoot on trunk; Weigh cutting back to base portion to fruit bearing shoot after fruit picking, promote that base portion accessory bud is sprouted, the tip sprouted with accessory bud cultivates the fruit bearing shoot of next year; Heavily cut trunk after fruit picking, taking the lead with weak bud promotes that bottom bud is sprouted.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: the breeding method of a kind of facility peach, apricot, Lee's special tree-like " buttress shaft shape ", includes following steps:
(1) First Year shaping: surely do apart from ground 30-50cm after planting stock, the characteristic employing poor for peach dryness is held up dry with pole, apricot, Li Buyong, and after field planting, First Year trunk inspires the side tip every 15-30cm pinching; When the side tip grows to 15-40cm, carry out pinching and expand hat; July, first arrival sprayed the long short flower of paclobutrazol control to young sprout top July 15, paclobutrazol concentration used be one thousandth to 3/1000ths, cultivate the young sprout of trunk and do not spray paclobutrazol, the young sprout cultivating trunk inspires the side tip every 15-30cm pinching, when the side tip grows to 15-40cm, carry out pinching and expand hat; Overstocked branch is removed, to long branch cutting back under the prerequisite of guarantee 2500-4000kg/ per mu yield during winter pruning;
(2) to base portion, Second Year shaping: carried out summer pruning to May 20 to tree after fruit picking, promotes that base portion accessory bud is sprouted to the heavy cutting back of side shoot, sprouts with accessory bud the fruit bearing shoot that young sprout cultivates next year; Carry out weight cutting back according to tree vigo(u)r to trunk after fruit picking, general about the 1.0-1.6m that retains, as trunk, takes the lead with weak bud and promotes that bottom bud is sprouted; Young sprout once dredged choosing to June 5 to young sprout after sprouting, and to make, young sprout is as far as possible direct to be born in for standard on trunk, and the most weak young sprout is stayed right overhead in trunk top; When growing to more than 15-40cm to the young sprout of accessory bud sprouting, hat is expanded in pinching; The young sprout that terminal bud germination is formed inspires the side tip every 15-30cm pinching, when the side tip grows to 15-40cm, carry out pinching and expand hat, July, first arrival sprayed the long short flower of paclobutrazol control to young sprout top July 15, paclobutrazol concentration used is that one thousandth is to 3/1000ths, overstocked branch is removed, to long branch cutting back under the prerequisite of guarantee 45000-6500kg/ per mu yield during winter pruning;
Shaping in (3) the 3rd years: fruit picking before May 20, carries out summer pruning to tree after fruit picking, promotes that base portion accessory bud is sprouted, sprout with accessory bud the fruit bearing shoot that young sprout cultivates next year to the heavy cutting back of side shoot to base portion; Adopt and once dredged choosing to June 5 to young sprout after young sprout is sprouted young sprout is as far as possible direct to be born in for standard on trunk to make, the most weak young sprout is stayed right overhead in trunk top; When the side tip grows to 15-40cm, carry out pinching and expand hat, July, first arrival sprayed the long short flower of paclobutrazol control to young sprout top July 15, and paclobutrazol concentration used is that one thousandth is to 3/1000ths; Overstocked branch is removed, to long branch cutting back under the prerequisite of guarantee 5500-8500kg/ per mu yield during winter pruning; Carry out weight cutting back according to tree vigo(u)r to trunk after fruit picking, the general 1.6-2.6m that retains, as trunk, takes the lead with weak bud and promotes that bottom bud is sprouted; So far tree-like cultivation stage terminates, and enters the tree-like maintenance stage.
After tree-like cultivation completes, whole tree-like maintenance about height of tree 2.4m, side shoot 25-40 are individual, and between side shoot, Vertical Square identity distance is from 5-8cm, and side shoot length is less than 60cm.
Buttress shaft shape and happy shape, lopsided contrast
Contrast experiment adopts No. 4, oil in current domestic facility peach main breed, the happy shape cultivation mode (CK1) of control group: seeding row spacing 1*2m, 333 plants/acre, height 1.2m; Predominate cultivation mode (CK2): seeding row spacing 0.75*2,444 plants/acre, height 2m, processed group buttress shaft shape cultivation mode (T): 0.8*1.2cm, 694 plants/acre, height 2.2m.After tree-like cultivation completes, the fruit bearing shoot of CK1 remains on 5000-9000, and the fruit bearing shoot amount of CK2 remains on 7000-9000, and the fruit bearing shoot of T remains on 9000-15000, and T improves 80% than CK1 branch amount, improves 28.5% than CK2 branch amount.The output T of First Year reaches 3000kg, improves 100% than CK1, improves 20% than CK2; The output T of Second Year reaches 5500kg, improves 175% than CK1, improves 120% than CK2; The output T of the 3rd reaches 6500kg, improves 225% than CK1, improves 160% than CK2.Buttress shaft shape cultivation mode is compared and be can be good at improving per unit area yield with other two kinds of cultivation modes.Under T cultivation mode due to ventilation and penetrating light condition improve stained area up to 80%, have obvious height compared to CK1, CK2.CO2 concentration under T cultivation mode in environment increases but increase rate is little.T cultivation mode is little compared to CK1, CK2 difference in percentage of fertile fruit, early flowering season, maturing stage, mean fruit weight, average boldness, net photosynthesis, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, intercellular gas concentration lwevel etc.
The main theoretical foundation of the present invention is: the kind that peach, apricot, Lee can carry out facility forcing culture is compound bud (a middle main bud, both sides are two accessory buds) mostly.If generally suitable two accessory buds of condition carry out flower bud differentiation and form bud, main bud always generally is leaf bud.Branch is substantially all sprouted by main bud and is formed, and the growth due to branch causes the accessory bud on main bud both sides to become aobvious bud or kryptoblast and the physiological status of maintenance leaf bud.Adopt operation above: after result, heavy cutting back branch base portion is carried out to fruit bearing shoot and promote that accessory bud sprouts the fruit bearing shoot forming next year, so repeatedly operate, on dry in making fruit-bearing shoot cluster to be always born in, thus avoid the outer increase moving, control tree body of setting fruit position, improve ventilation and penetrating light condition.Dense planting (plantation density: 0.6-0.8m*1.2-1.5m, mu plants 550 strain to 925 strains) is made to become possibility because tree body obtains strict control.
Because the dryness of peach is poor, bamboo pole is adopted to hold up dry operation.Make the trunk of peach can better vertical growth, can dense planting be carried out.Due to the heterogeneity of the bud of peach, apricot, Lee, their Secondary Branch generally will when primary tiller grows to more than 40-50cm then bud can sprout into Secondary Branch, but by operation: trunk inspires the side tip every 20cm pinching, can impel on trunk and can differentiate 25-40 side shoot, the amount of enough fruit bearing shoot can ensure to obtain high yield; By operation: side shoot 30cm pinching inspires the side tip, can sprout more side shoot, more spending more bud for being formed, ensureing that output is prepared.The bud meeting rudiment power on the usual plant of the effect due to apical dominance top, one-tenth principal stresses are stronger, by operation: carry out weight cutting back to trunk, take the lead with weak bud and adopt after young sprout is sprouted, before June 5, choosing is once dredged to make trunk top stay the most weak young sprout right overhead to young sprout, bottom sprouting of lateral bud can be promoted, weaken apical dominance.Because we adopt accessory bud to sprout branch branch as a result, and a branch has two accessory buds, if two accessory buds are all sprouted, the amount of branch can exponentially increase, so by operation: adopt after young sprout is sprouted that young sprout is as far as possible direct to be born on trunk for standard to make to once dredging choosing to young sprout before June 5), better control side shoot quantity and quality.Peach, apricot, Lee's flower bud differentiation start from by the end of June at the beginning of-7 months, and the prerequisite of flower bud differentiation is the stopping of nourishing and growing, and only stop nourishing and growing before July 25 starting the branch of flower bud differentiation and just can better forming bud.And peach, apricot, the main application region of Lee's facility cultivation are often rain heat same periods in summer, 7, August due to high temperature, high humidity, the weather conditions such as rainy, shoot vegetative is grown and vigorously can better not carry out flower bud differentiation, reduce bud quantity, quality.By operation: time before July first arrival July 15, young sprout top sprays paclobutrazol, the stopping that shoot vegetative can be impelled to grow, the beginning of flower bud differentiation, to improve quantity, the quality of bud.
Accompanying drawing explanation
It is arborescence during field planting shown in Fig. 1;
It is field planting First Year arborescence in winter shown in Fig. 2;
It is field planting Second Year result phase arborescence shown in Fig. 3;
Shown in Fig. 4 be field planting Second Year summer pruning in May complete after arborescence;
It is field planting Second Year arborescence in winter shown in Fig. 5;
It is field planting the 3rd annual bearing state arborescence shown in Fig. 6;
Shown in Fig. 7 be field planting in May, the 3rd summer pruning complete after arborescence.
Embodiment
Describe the present invention below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments:
Embodiment 1
The breeding method of a kind of facility peach special tree-like " buttress shaft shape ", includes following steps:
Field planting: plantation density: 0.6-0.8m*1.2-1.5m, mu plants 550 strain to 925 strains.Garden of building uses nursery stock should reach following standard: more than rugosity 1cm, height more than 1m, fibrous root quantity more than 10.Well developed root system disease-free (particularly root knot), limb disease-free (particularly gummosis).
(1) First Year shaping: surely do apart from ground 30cm after planting stock, the characteristic employing poor for peach dryness is held up dry with pole, after field planting, First Year trunk inspires the side tip every 15cm pinching; When the side tip grows to 15cm, carry out pinching and expand hat; July, first arrival sprayed the long short flower of paclobutrazol control to young sprout top July 15, paclobutrazol concentration used be one thousandth to 3/1000ths, cultivate the young sprout of trunk and do not spray paclobutrazol, the young sprout cultivating trunk inspires the side tip every 15cm pinching, when the side tip grows to 15cm, carry out pinching and expand hat; Overstocked branch is removed, to long branch cutting back under the prerequisite of guarantee 2500kg/ per mu yield during winter pruning;
(2) to base portion, Second Year shaping: carried out summer pruning to May 20 to tree after Second Year fruit picking, promotes that base portion accessory bud is sprouted to the heavy cutting back of side shoot, sprouts with accessory bud the fruit bearing shoot that young sprout cultivates next year; Carry out weight cutting back according to tree vigo(u)r to trunk after fruit picking, general about the 1.0m that retains, as trunk, takes the lead with weak bud and promotes that bottom bud is sprouted; Young sprout once dredged choosing to June 5 to young sprout after sprouting, and to make, young sprout is as far as possible direct to be born in for standard on trunk, and the most weak young sprout is stayed right overhead in trunk top; When growing to more than 15cm to the young sprout of accessory bud sprouting, hat is expanded in pinching; The young sprout that terminal bud germination is formed inspires the side tip every 15cm pinching, when the side tip grows to 15cm, carry out pinching and expand hat, July, first arrival sprayed the long short flower of paclobutrazol control to young sprout top July 15, paclobutrazol concentration used is that one thousandth is to 3/1000ths, overstocked branch is removed, to long branch cutting back under the prerequisite of guarantee 45000kg/ per mu yield during winter pruning;
Shaping in (3) the 3rd years: fruit picking before on May 20th, 3, carries out summer pruning to tree after fruit picking, promotes that base portion accessory bud is sprouted, sprout with accessory bud the fruit bearing shoot that young sprout cultivates next year to the heavy cutting back of side shoot to base portion; Adopt and once dredged choosing to June 5 to young sprout after young sprout is sprouted young sprout is as far as possible direct to be born in for standard on trunk to make, the most weak young sprout is stayed right overhead in trunk top; When the side tip grows to 15cm, carry out pinching and expand hat, July, first arrival sprayed the long short flower of paclobutrazol control to young sprout top July 15, and paclobutrazol concentration used is that one thousandth is to 3/1000ths; Overstocked branch is removed, to long branch cutting back under the prerequisite of guarantee 5500kg/ per mu yield during winter pruning; Carry out weight cutting back according to tree vigo(u)r to trunk after fruit picking, the general 1.6m that retains, as trunk, takes the lead with weak bud and promotes that bottom bud is sprouted; So far tree-like cultivation stage terminates, and enters the tree-like maintenance stage.
According to tree vigo(u)r, weight cutting back (general about the 2m that retains is as trunk) is carried out to trunk after annual fruit picking later, take the lead with weak bud and promote that bottom bud is sprouted.Young sprout sprout after to once dredging choosing to branch before June 5, to make, young sprout is as far as possible direct to be born in for standard (ensureing that every tree has 25 to 40 fruit bearing shoot) on trunk, the most weak young sprout is stayed right overhead in trunk top.When growing to more than 30cm to the young sprout that upper one year, branch was sprouted, hat is expanded in pinching.The young sprout that terminal bud germination is formed inspires the side tip every 20cm pinching, slows down growth potential.July first arrival July 15 spray the long short flower of paclobutrazol (concentration is that one thousandth is to 3/1000ths) control.Overstocked branch is removed, to long branch cutting back under the prerequisite of guarantee 6500kg/ per mu yield during winter pruning.
Embodiment 2
The breeding method of a kind of facility peach special tree-like " buttress shaft shape ", includes following steps:
Field planting: plantation density: 0.6-0.8m*1.2-1.5m, mu plants 550 strain to 925 strains.Garden of building uses nursery stock should reach following standard: more than rugosity 1cm, height more than 1m, fibrous root quantity more than 10.Well developed root system disease-free (particularly root knot), limb disease-free (particularly gummosis).
(1) First Year shaping: surely do apart from ground 50cm after planting stock, the characteristic employing poor for peach dryness is held up dry with pole, after field planting, First Year trunk inspires the side tip every 30cm pinching; When the side tip grows to 40cm, carry out pinching and expand hat; To July 15, the long short flower of paclobutrazol control is sprayed to young sprout top at the beginning of 7 months, paclobutrazol concentration used be one thousandth to 3/1000ths, cultivate the young sprout of trunk and do not spray paclobutrazol, the young sprout cultivating trunk inspires the side tip every 30cm pinching, when the side tip grows to 40cm, carry out pinching and expand hat; Overstocked branch is removed, to long branch cutting back under the prerequisite of guarantee 4000kg/ per mu yield during winter pruning;
(2) to base portion, Second Year shaping: carried out summer pruning to May 20 to tree after Second Year fruit picking, promotes that base portion accessory bud is sprouted to the heavy cutting back of side shoot, sprouts with accessory bud the fruit bearing shoot that young sprout cultivates next year; Carry out weight cutting back according to tree vigo(u)r to trunk after fruit picking, general about the 1.6m that retains, as trunk, takes the lead with weak bud and promotes that bottom bud is sprouted; Young sprout once dredged choosing to June 5 to young sprout after sprouting, and to make, young sprout is as far as possible direct to be born in for standard on trunk, and the most weak young sprout is stayed right overhead in trunk top; When growing to more than 40cm to the young sprout of accessory bud sprouting, hat is expanded in pinching; The young sprout that terminal bud germination is formed inspires the side tip every 30cm pinching, when the side tip grows to 40cm, carry out pinching and expand hat, July, first arrival sprayed the long short flower of paclobutrazol control to young sprout top July 15, paclobutrazol concentration used is that one thousandth is to 3/1000ths, overstocked branch is removed, to long branch cutting back under the prerequisite of guarantee 6500kg/ per mu yield during winter pruning;
Shaping in (3) the 3rd years: fruit picking before on May 20th, 3, carries out summer pruning to tree after fruit picking, promotes that base portion accessory bud is sprouted, sprout with accessory bud the fruit bearing shoot that young sprout cultivates next year to the heavy cutting back of side shoot to base portion; Adopt and once dredged choosing to June 5 to young sprout after young sprout is sprouted young sprout is as far as possible direct to be born in for standard on trunk to make, the most weak young sprout is stayed right overhead in trunk top; When the side tip grows to 40cm, carry out pinching and expand hat, July, first arrival sprayed the long short flower of paclobutrazol control to young sprout top July 15, and paclobutrazol concentration used is that one thousandth is to 3/1000ths; Overstocked branch is removed, to long branch cutting back under the prerequisite of guarantee 8500kg/ per mu yield during winter pruning; Carry out weight cutting back according to tree vigo(u)r to trunk after fruit picking, the general 2.6m that retains, as trunk, takes the lead with weak bud and promotes that bottom bud is sprouted; So far tree-like cultivation stage terminates, and enters the tree-like maintenance stage.
According to tree vigo(u)r, weight cutting back (general about the 2m that retains is as trunk) is carried out to trunk after annual fruit picking later, take the lead with weak bud and promote that bottom bud is sprouted.Young sprout sprout after to once dredging choosing to branch before June 5, to make, young sprout is as far as possible direct to be born in for standard (ensureing that every tree has 25 to 40 fruit bearing shoot) on trunk, the most weak young sprout is stayed right overhead in trunk top.When growing to more than 30cm to the young sprout that upper one year, branch was sprouted, hat is expanded in pinching.The young sprout that terminal bud germination is formed inspires the side tip every 20cm pinching, slows down growth potential.July first arrival July 15 spray the long short flower of paclobutrazol (concentration is that one thousandth is to 3/1000ths) control.Overstocked branch is removed, to long branch cutting back under the prerequisite of guarantee 6500kg/ per mu yield during winter pruning.
Embodiment 3
The breeding method of a kind of facility peach special tree-like " buttress shaft shape ", includes following steps:
Field planting: plantation density: 0.6-0.8m*1.2-1.5m, mu plants 550 strain to 925 strains.Garden of building uses nursery stock should reach following standard: more than rugosity 1cm, height more than 1m, fibrous root quantity more than 10.Well developed root system disease-free (particularly root knot), limb disease-free (particularly gummosis).
(1) First Year shaping: surely do apart from ground 40cm after planting stock, the characteristic employing poor for peach dryness is held up dry with pole, after field planting, First Year trunk inspires the side tip every 20cm pinching; When the side tip grows to 30cm, carry out pinching and expand hat; July, first arrival sprayed the long short flower of paclobutrazol control to young sprout top July 15, paclobutrazol concentration used be one thousandth to 3/1000ths, cultivate the young sprout of trunk and do not spray paclobutrazol, the young sprout cultivating trunk inspires the side tip every 20cm pinching, when the side tip grows to 30cm, carry out pinching and expand hat; Overstocked branch is removed, to long branch cutting back under the prerequisite of guarantee 3200kg/ per mu yield during winter pruning;
(2) to base portion, Second Year shaping: carried out summer pruning to May 20 to tree after Second Year fruit picking, promotes that base portion accessory bud is sprouted to the heavy cutting back of side shoot, sprouts with accessory bud the fruit bearing shoot that young sprout cultivates next year; Carry out weight cutting back according to tree vigo(u)r to trunk after fruit picking, general about the 1.4m that retains, as trunk, takes the lead with weak bud and promotes that bottom bud is sprouted; Young sprout once dredged choosing to June 5 to young sprout after sprouting, and to make, young sprout is as far as possible direct to be born in for standard on trunk, and the most weak young sprout is stayed right overhead in trunk top; When growing to more than 30cm to the young sprout of accessory bud sprouting, hat is expanded in pinching; The young sprout that terminal bud germination is formed inspires the side tip every 20cm pinching, when the side tip grows to 30cm, carry out pinching and expand hat, July, first arrival sprayed the long short flower of paclobutrazol control to young sprout top July 15, paclobutrazol concentration used is that one thousandth is to 3/1000ths, overstocked branch is removed, to long branch cutting back under the prerequisite of guarantee 5000kg/ per mu yield during winter pruning;
Shaping in (3) the 3rd years: fruit picking before on May 20th, 3, carries out summer pruning to tree after fruit picking, promotes that base portion accessory bud is sprouted, sprout with accessory bud the fruit bearing shoot that young sprout cultivates next year to the heavy cutting back of side shoot to base portion; Adopt and once dredged choosing to June 5 to young sprout after young sprout is sprouted young sprout is as far as possible direct to be born in for standard on trunk to make, the most weak young sprout is stayed right overhead in trunk top; When the side tip grows to 30cm, carry out pinching and expand hat, July, first arrival sprayed the long short flower of paclobutrazol control to young sprout top July 15, and paclobutrazol concentration used is that one thousandth is to 3/1000ths; Overstocked branch is removed, to long branch cutting back under the prerequisite of guarantee 7000kg/ per mu yield during winter pruning; Carry out weight cutting back according to tree vigo(u)r to trunk after fruit picking, the general 2.0m that retains, as trunk, takes the lead with weak bud and promotes that bottom bud is sprouted; So far tree-like cultivation stage terminates, and enters the tree-like maintenance stage.
According to tree vigo(u)r, weight cutting back (general about the 2m that retains is as trunk) is carried out to trunk after annual fruit picking later, take the lead with weak bud and promote that bottom bud is sprouted.Young sprout sprout after to once dredging choosing to branch before June 5, to make, young sprout is as far as possible direct to be born in for standard (ensureing that every tree has 25 to 40 fruit bearing shoot) on trunk, the most weak young sprout is stayed right overhead in trunk top.When growing to more than 30cm to the young sprout that upper one year, branch was sprouted, hat is expanded in pinching.The young sprout that terminal bud germination is formed inspires the side tip every 20cm pinching, slows down growth potential.July first arrival July 15 spray the long short flower of paclobutrazol (concentration is that one thousandth is to 3/1000ths) control.Overstocked branch is removed, to long branch cutting back under the prerequisite of guarantee 6500kg/ per mu yield during winter pruning.
Embodiment 4
The breeding method of a kind of facility apricot special tree-like " buttress shaft shape ", includes following steps:
Field planting: plantation density: 0.6-0.8m*1.2-1.5m, mu plants 550 strain to 925 strains.Garden of building uses nursery stock should reach following standard: more than rugosity 1cm, height more than 1m, fibrous root quantity more than 10.Well developed root system disease-free (particularly root knot), limb disease-free (particularly gummosis).
(1) First Year shaping: surely do apart from ground 30cm after planting stock, after field planting, First Year trunk inspires the side tip every 15cm pinching; When the side tip grows to 15cm, carry out pinching and expand hat; July, first arrival sprayed the long short flower of paclobutrazol control to young sprout top July 15, paclobutrazol concentration used be one thousandth to 3/1000ths, cultivate the young sprout of trunk and do not spray paclobutrazol, the young sprout cultivating trunk inspires the side tip every 15cm pinching, when the side tip grows to 15cm, carry out pinching and expand hat; Overstocked branch is removed, to long branch cutting back under the prerequisite of guarantee 2500kg/ per mu yield during winter pruning;
(2) to base portion, Second Year shaping: carried out summer pruning to May 20 to tree after Second Year fruit picking, promotes that base portion accessory bud is sprouted to the heavy cutting back of side shoot, sprouts with accessory bud the fruit bearing shoot that young sprout cultivates next year; Carry out weight cutting back according to tree vigo(u)r to trunk after fruit picking, general about the 1.0m that retains, as trunk, takes the lead with weak bud and promotes that bottom bud is sprouted; Young sprout once dredged choosing to June 5 to young sprout after sprouting, and to make, young sprout is as far as possible direct to be born in for standard on trunk, and the most weak young sprout is stayed right overhead in trunk top; When growing to more than 15cm to the young sprout of accessory bud sprouting, hat is expanded in pinching; The young sprout that terminal bud germination is formed inspires the side tip every 15cm pinching, when the side tip grows to 15cm, carry out pinching and expand hat, July, first arrival sprayed the long short flower of paclobutrazol control to young sprout top July 15, paclobutrazol concentration used is that one thousandth is to 3/1000ths, overstocked branch is removed, to long branch cutting back under the prerequisite of guarantee 45000kg/ per mu yield during winter pruning;
Shaping in (3) the 3rd years: fruit picking before on May 20th, 3, carries out summer pruning to tree after fruit picking, promotes that base portion accessory bud is sprouted, sprout with accessory bud the fruit bearing shoot that young sprout cultivates next year to the heavy cutting back of side shoot to base portion; Adopt and once dredged choosing to June 5 to young sprout after young sprout is sprouted young sprout is as far as possible direct to be born in for standard on trunk to make, the most weak young sprout is stayed right overhead in trunk top; When the side tip grows to 15cm, carry out pinching and expand hat, July, first arrival sprayed the long short flower of paclobutrazol control to young sprout top July 15, and paclobutrazol concentration used is that one thousandth is to 3/1000ths; Overstocked branch is removed, to long branch cutting back under the prerequisite of guarantee 5500kg/ per mu yield during winter pruning; Carry out weight cutting back according to tree vigo(u)r to trunk after fruit picking, the general 1.6m that retains, as trunk, takes the lead with weak bud and promotes that bottom bud is sprouted; So far tree-like cultivation stage terminates, and enters the tree-like maintenance stage.
According to tree vigo(u)r, weight cutting back (general about the 2m that retains is as trunk) is carried out to trunk after annual fruit picking later, take the lead with weak bud and promote that bottom bud is sprouted.Young sprout sprout after to once dredging choosing to branch before June 5, to make, young sprout is as far as possible direct to be born in for standard (ensureing that every tree has 25 to 40 fruit bearing shoot) on trunk, the most weak young sprout is stayed right overhead in trunk top.When growing to more than 30cm to the young sprout that upper one year, branch was sprouted, hat is expanded in pinching.The young sprout that terminal bud germination is formed inspires the side tip every 20cm pinching, slows down growth potential.July first arrival July 15 spray the long short flower of paclobutrazol (concentration is that one thousandth is to 3/1000ths) control.Overstocked branch is removed, to long branch cutting back under the prerequisite of guarantee 6500kg/ per mu yield during winter pruning.
Embodiment 5
The breeding method of a kind of facility apricot special tree-like " buttress shaft shape ", includes following steps:
Field planting: plantation density: 0.6-0.8m*1.2-1.5m, mu plants 550 strain to 925 strains.Garden of building uses nursery stock should reach following standard: more than rugosity 1cm, height more than 1m, fibrous root quantity more than 10.Well developed root system disease-free (particularly root knot), limb disease-free (particularly gummosis).
(1) First Year shaping: surely do apart from ground 50cm after planting stock, after field planting, First Year trunk inspires the side tip every 30cm pinching; When the side tip grows to 40cm, carry out pinching and expand hat; To July 15, the long short flower of paclobutrazol control is sprayed to young sprout top at the beginning of 7 months, paclobutrazol concentration used be one thousandth to 3/1000ths, cultivate the young sprout of trunk and do not spray paclobutrazol, the young sprout cultivating trunk inspires the side tip every 30cm pinching, when the side tip grows to 40cm, carry out pinching and expand hat; Overstocked branch is removed, to long branch cutting back under the prerequisite of guarantee 4000kg/ per mu yield during winter pruning;
(2) to base portion, Second Year shaping: carried out summer pruning to May 20 to tree after Second Year fruit picking, promotes that base portion accessory bud is sprouted to the heavy cutting back of side shoot, sprouts with accessory bud the fruit bearing shoot that young sprout cultivates next year; Carry out weight cutting back according to tree vigo(u)r to trunk after fruit picking, general about the 1.6m that retains, as trunk, takes the lead with weak bud and promotes that bottom bud is sprouted; Young sprout once dredged choosing to June 5 to young sprout after sprouting, and to make, young sprout is as far as possible direct to be born in for standard on trunk, and the most weak young sprout is stayed right overhead in trunk top; When growing to more than 40cm to the young sprout of accessory bud sprouting, hat is expanded in pinching; The young sprout that terminal bud germination is formed inspires the side tip every 30cm pinching, when the side tip grows to 40cm, carry out pinching and expand hat, July, first arrival sprayed the long short flower of paclobutrazol control to young sprout top July 15, paclobutrazol concentration used is that one thousandth is to 3/1000ths, overstocked branch is removed, to long branch cutting back under the prerequisite of guarantee 6500kg/ per mu yield during winter pruning;
Shaping in (3) the 3rd years: fruit picking before on May 20th, 3, carries out summer pruning to tree after fruit picking, promotes that base portion accessory bud is sprouted, sprout with accessory bud the fruit bearing shoot that young sprout cultivates next year to the heavy cutting back of side shoot to base portion; Adopt and once dredged choosing to June 5 to young sprout after young sprout is sprouted young sprout is as far as possible direct to be born in for standard on trunk to make, the most weak young sprout is stayed right overhead in trunk top; When the side tip grows to 40cm, carry out pinching and expand hat, July, first arrival sprayed the long short flower of paclobutrazol control to young sprout top July 15, and paclobutrazol concentration used is that one thousandth is to 3/1000ths; Overstocked branch is removed, to long branch cutting back under the prerequisite of guarantee 8500kg/ per mu yield during winter pruning; Carry out weight cutting back according to tree vigo(u)r to trunk after fruit picking, the general 2.6m that retains, as trunk, takes the lead with weak bud and promotes that bottom bud is sprouted; So far tree-like cultivation stage terminates, and enters the tree-like maintenance stage.
According to tree vigo(u)r, weight cutting back (general about the 2m that retains is as trunk) is carried out to trunk after annual fruit picking later, take the lead with weak bud and promote that bottom bud is sprouted.Young sprout sprout after to once dredging choosing to branch before June 5, to make, young sprout is as far as possible direct to be born in for standard (ensureing that every tree has 25 to 40 fruit bearing shoot) on trunk, the most weak young sprout is stayed right overhead in trunk top.When growing to more than 30cm to the young sprout that upper one year, branch was sprouted, hat is expanded in pinching.The young sprout that terminal bud germination is formed inspires the side tip every 20cm pinching, slows down growth potential.July first arrival July 15 spray the long short flower of paclobutrazol (concentration is that one thousandth is to 3/1000ths) control.Overstocked branch is removed, to long branch cutting back under the prerequisite of guarantee 6500kg/ per mu yield during winter pruning.
Embodiment 6
The breeding method of a kind of facility apricot special tree-like " buttress shaft shape ", includes following steps:
Field planting: plantation density: 0.6-0.8m*1.2-1.5m, mu plants 550 strain to 925 strains.Garden of building uses nursery stock should reach following standard: more than rugosity 1cm, height more than 1m, fibrous root quantity more than 10.Well developed root system disease-free (particularly root knot), limb disease-free (particularly gummosis).
(1) First Year shaping: surely do apart from ground 40cm after planting stock, after field planting, First Year trunk inspires the side tip every 20cm pinching; When the side tip grows to 30cm, carry out pinching and expand hat; July, first arrival sprayed the long short flower of paclobutrazol control to young sprout top July 15, paclobutrazol concentration used be one thousandth to 3/1000ths, cultivate the young sprout of trunk and do not spray paclobutrazol, the young sprout cultivating trunk inspires the side tip every 20cm pinching, when the side tip grows to 30cm, carry out pinching and expand hat; Overstocked branch is removed, to long branch cutting back under the prerequisite of guarantee 3200kg/ per mu yield during winter pruning;
(2) to base portion, Second Year shaping: carried out summer pruning to May 20 to tree after Second Year fruit picking, promotes that base portion accessory bud is sprouted to the heavy cutting back of side shoot, sprouts with accessory bud the fruit bearing shoot that young sprout cultivates next year; Carry out weight cutting back according to tree vigo(u)r to trunk after fruit picking, general about the 1.4m that retains, as trunk, takes the lead with weak bud and promotes that bottom bud is sprouted; Young sprout once dredged choosing to June 5 to young sprout after sprouting, and to make, young sprout is as far as possible direct to be born in for standard on trunk, and the most weak young sprout is stayed right overhead in trunk top; When growing to more than 30cm to the young sprout of accessory bud sprouting, hat is expanded in pinching; The young sprout that terminal bud germination is formed inspires the side tip every 20cm pinching, when the side tip grows to 30cm, carry out pinching and expand hat, July, first arrival sprayed the long short flower of paclobutrazol control to young sprout top July 15, paclobutrazol concentration used is that one thousandth is to 3/1000ths, overstocked branch is removed, to long branch cutting back under the prerequisite of guarantee 5000kg/ per mu yield during winter pruning;
Shaping in (3) the 3rd years: fruit picking before on May 20th, 3, carries out summer pruning to tree after fruit picking, promotes that base portion accessory bud is sprouted, sprout with accessory bud the fruit bearing shoot that young sprout cultivates next year to the heavy cutting back of side shoot to base portion; Adopt and once dredged choosing to June 5 to young sprout after young sprout is sprouted young sprout is as far as possible direct to be born in for standard on trunk to make, the most weak young sprout is stayed right overhead in trunk top; When the side tip grows to 30cm, carry out pinching and expand hat, July, first arrival sprayed the long short flower of paclobutrazol control to young sprout top July 15, and paclobutrazol concentration used is that one thousandth is to 3/1000ths; Overstocked branch is removed, to long branch cutting back under the prerequisite of guarantee 7000kg/ per mu yield during winter pruning; Carry out weight cutting back according to tree vigo(u)r to trunk after fruit picking, the general 2.0m that retains, as trunk, takes the lead with weak bud and promotes that bottom bud is sprouted; So far tree-like cultivation stage terminates, and enters the tree-like maintenance stage.
According to tree vigo(u)r, weight cutting back (general about the 2m that retains is as trunk) is carried out to trunk after annual fruit picking later, take the lead with weak bud and promote that bottom bud is sprouted.Young sprout sprout after to once dredging choosing to branch before June 5, to make, young sprout is as far as possible direct to be born in for standard (ensureing that every tree has 25 to 40 fruit bearing shoot) on trunk, the most weak young sprout is stayed right overhead in trunk top.When growing to more than 30cm to the young sprout that upper one year, branch was sprouted, hat is expanded in pinching.The young sprout that terminal bud germination is formed inspires the side tip every 20cm pinching, slows down growth potential.July first arrival July 15 spray the long short flower of paclobutrazol (concentration is that one thousandth is to 3/1000ths) control.Overstocked branch is removed, to long branch cutting back under the prerequisite of guarantee 6500kg/ per mu yield during winter pruning.
Embodiment 7
The breeding method of a kind of facility Lee special tree-like " buttress shaft shape ", includes following steps:
Field planting: plantation density: 0.6-0.8m*1.2-1.5m, mu plants 550 strain to 925 strains.Garden of building uses nursery stock should reach following standard: more than rugosity 1cm, height more than 1m, fibrous root quantity more than 10.Well developed root system disease-free (particularly root knot), limb disease-free (particularly gummosis).
(1) First Year shaping: surely do apart from ground 30cm after planting stock, after field planting, First Year trunk inspires the side tip every 15cm pinching; When the side tip grows to 15cm, carry out pinching and expand hat; July, first arrival sprayed the long short flower of paclobutrazol control to young sprout top July 15, paclobutrazol concentration used be one thousandth to 3/1000ths, cultivate the young sprout of trunk and do not spray paclobutrazol, the young sprout cultivating trunk inspires the side tip every 15cm pinching, when the side tip grows to 15cm, carry out pinching and expand hat; Overstocked branch is removed, to long branch cutting back under the prerequisite of guarantee 2500kg/ per mu yield during winter pruning;
(2) to base portion, Second Year shaping: carried out summer pruning to May 20 to tree after Second Year fruit picking, promotes that base portion accessory bud is sprouted to the heavy cutting back of side shoot, sprouts with accessory bud the fruit bearing shoot that young sprout cultivates next year; Carry out weight cutting back according to tree vigo(u)r to trunk after fruit picking, general about the 1.0m that retains, as trunk, takes the lead with weak bud and promotes that bottom bud is sprouted; Young sprout once dredged choosing to June 5 to young sprout after sprouting, and to make, young sprout is as far as possible direct to be born in for standard on trunk, and the most weak young sprout is stayed right overhead in trunk top; When growing to more than 15cm to the young sprout of accessory bud sprouting, hat is expanded in pinching; The young sprout that terminal bud germination is formed inspires the side tip every 15cm pinching, when the side tip grows to 15cm, carry out pinching and expand hat, July, first arrival sprayed the long short flower of paclobutrazol control to young sprout top July 15, paclobutrazol concentration used is that one thousandth is to 3/1000ths, overstocked branch is removed, to long branch cutting back under the prerequisite of guarantee 45000kg/ per mu yield during winter pruning;
Shaping in (3) the 3rd years: fruit picking before on May 20th, 3, carries out summer pruning to tree after fruit picking, promotes that base portion accessory bud is sprouted, sprout with accessory bud the fruit bearing shoot that young sprout cultivates next year to the heavy cutting back of side shoot to base portion; Adopt and once dredged choosing to June 5 to young sprout after young sprout is sprouted young sprout is as far as possible direct to be born in for standard on trunk to make, the most weak young sprout is stayed right overhead in trunk top; When the side tip grows to 15cm, carry out pinching and expand hat, July, first arrival sprayed the long short flower of paclobutrazol control to young sprout top July 15, and paclobutrazol concentration used is that one thousandth is to 3/1000ths; Overstocked branch is removed, to long branch cutting back under the prerequisite of guarantee 5500kg/ per mu yield during winter pruning; Carry out weight cutting back according to tree vigo(u)r to trunk after fruit picking, the general 1.6m that retains, as trunk, takes the lead with weak bud and promotes that bottom bud is sprouted; So far tree-like cultivation stage terminates, and enters the tree-like maintenance stage.
According to tree vigo(u)r, weight cutting back (general about the 2m that retains is as trunk) is carried out to trunk after annual fruit picking later, take the lead with weak bud and promote that bottom bud is sprouted.Young sprout sprout after to once dredging choosing to branch before June 5, to make, young sprout is as far as possible direct to be born in for standard (ensureing that every tree has 25 to 40 fruit bearing shoot) on trunk, the most weak young sprout is stayed right overhead in trunk top.When growing to more than 30cm to the young sprout that upper one year, branch was sprouted, hat is expanded in pinching.The young sprout that terminal bud germination is formed inspires the side tip every 20cm pinching, slows down growth potential.July first arrival July 15 spray the long short flower of paclobutrazol (concentration is that one thousandth is to 3/1000ths) control.Overstocked branch is removed, to long branch cutting back under the prerequisite of guarantee 6500kg/ per mu yield during winter pruning.
Embodiment 8
The breeding method of a kind of facility Lee special tree-like " buttress shaft shape ", includes following steps:
Field planting: plantation density: 0.6-0.8m*1.2-1.5m, mu plants 550 strain to 925 strains.Garden of building uses nursery stock should reach following standard: more than rugosity 1cm, height more than 1m, fibrous root quantity more than 10.Well developed root system disease-free (particularly root knot), limb disease-free (particularly gummosis).
(1) First Year shaping: surely do apart from ground 50cm after planting stock, after field planting, First Year trunk inspires the side tip every 30cm pinching; When the side tip grows to 40cm, carry out pinching and expand hat; To July 15, the long short flower of paclobutrazol control is sprayed to young sprout top at the beginning of 7 months, paclobutrazol concentration used be one thousandth to 3/1000ths, cultivate the young sprout of trunk and do not spray paclobutrazol, the young sprout cultivating trunk inspires the side tip every 30cm pinching, when the side tip grows to 40cm, carry out pinching and expand hat; Overstocked branch is removed, to long branch cutting back under the prerequisite of guarantee 4000kg/ per mu yield during winter pruning;
(2) to base portion, Second Year shaping: carried out summer pruning to May 20 to tree after Second Year fruit picking, promotes that base portion accessory bud is sprouted to the heavy cutting back of side shoot, sprouts with accessory bud the fruit bearing shoot that young sprout cultivates next year; Carry out weight cutting back according to tree vigo(u)r to trunk after fruit picking, general about the 1.6m that retains, as trunk, takes the lead with weak bud and promotes that bottom bud is sprouted; Young sprout once dredged choosing to June 5 to young sprout after sprouting, and to make, young sprout is as far as possible direct to be born in for standard on trunk, and the most weak young sprout is stayed right overhead in trunk top; When growing to more than 40cm to the young sprout of accessory bud sprouting, hat is expanded in pinching; The young sprout that terminal bud germination is formed inspires the side tip every 30cm pinching, when the side tip grows to 40cm, carry out pinching and expand hat, July, first arrival sprayed the long short flower of paclobutrazol control to young sprout top July 15, paclobutrazol concentration used is that one thousandth is to 3/1000ths, overstocked branch is removed, to long branch cutting back under the prerequisite of guarantee 6500kg/ per mu yield during winter pruning;
Shaping in (3) the 3rd years: fruit picking before on May 20th, 3, carries out summer pruning to tree after fruit picking, promotes that base portion accessory bud is sprouted, sprout with accessory bud the fruit bearing shoot that young sprout cultivates next year to the heavy cutting back of side shoot to base portion; Adopt and once dredged choosing to June 5 to young sprout after young sprout is sprouted young sprout is as far as possible direct to be born in for standard on trunk to make, the most weak young sprout is stayed right overhead in trunk top; When the side tip grows to 40cm, carry out pinching and expand hat, July, first arrival sprayed the long short flower of paclobutrazol control to young sprout top July 15, and paclobutrazol concentration used is that one thousandth is to 3/1000ths; Overstocked branch is removed, to long branch cutting back under the prerequisite of guarantee 8500kg/ per mu yield during winter pruning; Carry out weight cutting back according to tree vigo(u)r to trunk after fruit picking, the general 2.6m that retains, as trunk, takes the lead with weak bud and promotes that bottom bud is sprouted; So far tree-like cultivation stage terminates, and enters the tree-like maintenance stage.
According to tree vigo(u)r, weight cutting back (general about the 2m that retains is as trunk) is carried out to trunk after annual fruit picking later, take the lead with weak bud and promote that bottom bud is sprouted.Young sprout sprout after to once dredging choosing to branch before June 5, to make, young sprout is as far as possible direct to be born in for standard (ensureing that every tree has 25 to 40 fruit bearing shoot) on trunk, the most weak young sprout is stayed right overhead in trunk top.When growing to more than 30cm to the young sprout that upper one year, branch was sprouted, hat is expanded in pinching.The young sprout that terminal bud germination is formed inspires the side tip every 20cm pinching, slows down growth potential.July first arrival July 15 spray the long short flower of paclobutrazol (concentration is that one thousandth is to 3/1000ths) control.Overstocked branch is removed, to long branch cutting back under the prerequisite of guarantee 6500kg/ per mu yield during winter pruning.
Embodiment 9
The breeding method of a kind of facility Lee special tree-like " buttress shaft shape ", includes following steps:
Field planting: plantation density: 0.6-0.8m*1.2-1.5m, mu plants 550 strain to 925 strains.Garden of building uses nursery stock should reach following standard: more than rugosity 1cm, height more than 1m, fibrous root quantity more than 10.Well developed root system disease-free (particularly root knot), limb disease-free (particularly gummosis).
(1) First Year shaping: surely do apart from ground 40cm after planting stock, after field planting, First Year trunk inspires the side tip every 20cm pinching; When the side tip grows to 30cm, carry out pinching and expand hat; July, first arrival sprayed the long short flower of paclobutrazol control to young sprout top July 15, paclobutrazol concentration used be one thousandth to 3/1000ths, cultivate the young sprout of trunk and do not spray paclobutrazol, the young sprout cultivating trunk inspires the side tip every 20cm pinching, when the side tip grows to 30cm, carry out pinching and expand hat; Overstocked branch is removed, to long branch cutting back under the prerequisite of guarantee 3200kg/ per mu yield during winter pruning;
(2) to base portion, Second Year shaping: carried out summer pruning to May 20 to tree after Second Year fruit picking, promotes that base portion accessory bud is sprouted to the heavy cutting back of side shoot, sprouts with accessory bud the fruit bearing shoot that young sprout cultivates next year; Carry out weight cutting back according to tree vigo(u)r to trunk after fruit picking, general about the 1.4m that retains, as trunk, takes the lead with weak bud and promotes that bottom bud is sprouted; Young sprout once dredged choosing to June 5 to young sprout after sprouting, and to make, young sprout is as far as possible direct to be born in for standard on trunk, and the most weak young sprout is stayed right overhead in trunk top; When growing to more than 30cm to the young sprout of accessory bud sprouting, hat is expanded in pinching; The young sprout that terminal bud germination is formed inspires the side tip every 20cm pinching, when the side tip grows to 30cm, carry out pinching and expand hat, July, first arrival sprayed the long short flower of paclobutrazol control to young sprout top July 15, paclobutrazol concentration used is that one thousandth is to 3/1000ths, overstocked branch is removed, to long branch cutting back under the prerequisite of guarantee 5000kg/ per mu yield during winter pruning;
Shaping in (3) the 3rd years: fruit picking before on May 20th, 3, carries out summer pruning to tree after fruit picking, promotes that base portion accessory bud is sprouted, sprout with accessory bud the fruit bearing shoot that young sprout cultivates next year to the heavy cutting back of side shoot to base portion; Adopt and once dredged choosing to June 5 to young sprout after young sprout is sprouted young sprout is as far as possible direct to be born in for standard on trunk to make, the most weak young sprout is stayed right overhead in trunk top; When the side tip grows to 30cm, carry out pinching and expand hat, July, first arrival sprayed the long short flower of paclobutrazol control to young sprout top July 15, and paclobutrazol concentration used is that one thousandth is to 3/1000ths; Overstocked branch is removed, to long branch cutting back under the prerequisite of guarantee 7000kg/ per mu yield during winter pruning; Carry out weight cutting back according to tree vigo(u)r to trunk after fruit picking, the general 2.0m that retains, as trunk, takes the lead with weak bud and promotes that bottom bud is sprouted; So far tree-like cultivation stage terminates, and enters the tree-like maintenance stage.
According to tree vigo(u)r, weight cutting back (general about the 2m that retains is as trunk) is carried out to trunk after annual fruit picking later, take the lead with weak bud and promote that bottom bud is sprouted.Young sprout sprout after to once dredging choosing to branch before June 5, to make, young sprout is as far as possible direct to be born in for standard (ensureing that every tree has 25 to 40 fruit bearing shoot) on trunk, the most weak young sprout is stayed right overhead in trunk top.When growing to more than 30cm to the young sprout that upper one year, branch was sprouted, hat is expanded in pinching.The young sprout that terminal bud germination is formed inspires the side tip every 20cm pinching, slows down growth potential.July first arrival July 15 spray the long short flower of paclobutrazol (concentration is that one thousandth is to 3/1000ths) control.Overstocked branch is removed, to long branch cutting back under the prerequisite of guarantee 6500kg/ per mu yield during winter pruning.
Certainly, above-mentioned explanation is not limitation of the present invention, and the present invention is also not limited in above-mentioned citing, and the change that those skilled in the art make in essential scope of the present invention, remodeling, interpolation or replacement also should belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. facility peach, apricot, Lee's's special tree-like " buttress shaft shape " breeding method, is characterized in that: include following steps:
(1) First Year shaping: surely do apart from ground 30-50cm after planting stock, the characteristic employing poor for peach dryness is held up dry with pole, apricot, Li Buyong, and after field planting, First Year trunk inspires the side tip every 15-30cm pinching; When the side tip grows to 15-40cm, carry out pinching and expand hat; July, first arrival sprayed the long short flower of paclobutrazol control to young sprout top July 15, paclobutrazol concentration used be one thousandth to 3/1000ths, cultivate the young sprout of trunk and do not spray paclobutrazol, the young sprout cultivating trunk inspires the side tip every 15-30cm pinching, when the side tip grows to 15-40cm, carry out pinching and expand hat; Overstocked branch is removed, to long branch cutting back under the prerequisite of guarantee 2500-4000kg/ per mu yield during winter pruning;
(2) to base portion, Second Year shaping: carried out summer pruning to May 20 to tree after Second Year fruit picking, promotes that base portion accessory bud is sprouted to the heavy cutting back of side shoot, sprouts with accessory bud the fruit bearing shoot that young sprout cultivates next year; Carry out weight cutting back according to tree vigo(u)r to trunk after fruit picking, general about the 1.0-1.6m that retains, as trunk, takes the lead with weak bud and promotes that bottom bud is sprouted; Young sprout once dredged choosing to June 5 to young sprout after sprouting, and to make, young sprout is as far as possible direct to be born in for standard on trunk, and the most weak young sprout is stayed right overhead in trunk top; When growing to more than 15-40cm to the young sprout of accessory bud sprouting, hat is expanded in pinching; The young sprout that terminal bud germination is formed inspires the side tip every 15-30cm pinching, when the side tip grows to 15-40cm, carry out pinching and expand hat, July, first arrival sprayed the long short flower of paclobutrazol control to young sprout top July 15, paclobutrazol concentration used is that one thousandth is to 3/1000ths, overstocked branch is removed, to long branch cutting back under the prerequisite of guarantee 45000-6500kg/ per mu yield during winter pruning;
Shaping in (3) the 3rd years: fruit picking before on May 20th, 3, carries out summer pruning to tree after fruit picking, promotes that base portion accessory bud is sprouted, sprout with accessory bud the fruit bearing shoot that young sprout cultivates next year to the heavy cutting back of side shoot to base portion; Adopt and once dredged choosing to June 5 to young sprout after young sprout is sprouted young sprout is as far as possible direct to be born in for standard on trunk to make, the most weak young sprout is stayed right overhead in trunk top; When the side tip grows to 15-40cm, carry out pinching and expand hat, July, first arrival sprayed the long short flower of paclobutrazol control to young sprout top July 15, and paclobutrazol concentration used is that one thousandth is to 3/1000ths; Overstocked branch is removed, to long branch cutting back under the prerequisite of guarantee 5500-8500kg/ per mu yield during winter pruning; Carry out weight cutting back according to tree vigo(u)r to trunk after fruit picking, the general 1.6-2.6m that retains, as trunk, takes the lead with weak bud and promotes that bottom bud is sprouted; So far tree-like cultivation stage terminates, and enters the tree-like maintenance stage.
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| CN111108949A (en) * | 2020-03-19 | 2020-05-08 | 四川省农业科学院园艺研究所 | Pruning method for plum trees and apricot trees |
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| CN101120645A (en) * | 2007-09-30 | 2008-02-13 | 中国农业大学 | Method for controlling plum tree shape and tree body suitable for high-density planting |
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