CN107484606A - The shaping methods that a kind of macaque Young peach trees are cultivated - Google Patents
The shaping methods that a kind of macaque Young peach trees are cultivated Download PDFInfo
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- CN107484606A CN107484606A CN201710699635.9A CN201710699635A CN107484606A CN 107484606 A CN107484606 A CN 107484606A CN 201710699635 A CN201710699635 A CN 201710699635A CN 107484606 A CN107484606 A CN 107484606A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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Abstract
The invention discloses the shaping methods that a kind of macaque Young peach trees are cultivated, it is characterised in that during sapling up-growth by being trimmed to trunk, main stem and lateral bine, shaping and the culture of tree vigo(u)r, ultimately form：One trunk, two main stems and eight lateral bines it is tree-like.Compared with the prior art there are following advantages：First, specify that task object to treelet cultivation shaping and provide the working specification of a set of standardization, be advantageous to the standardization building well of large-scale planting；Second, tree vigo(u)r is tree-like succinct regular, is advantageous to farm work and management, reduces production cost；Third, the tree-like structure of tree vigo(u)r is reasonable, function allocation is clear and definite, and space availability ratio is high, ensure that the balance of plant vegetative growth and reproductive growth, provides guarantee for high-quality, high yield and stable yields, and improve nutrient quality；Fourth, dendritic growth is vigorous, envelope garden rate reduces wind scar and burnt day and endanger, improve percent rate of high quality fruit, commodity fruit rate is up to more than 95%, or even can exempt from bagging processing, and dropping expense for orchard worker increases income the condition of creating up to 100%.
Description
Technical field：
The field production of the shaping methods, especially scale cultivated the present invention relates to a kind of macaque Young peach trees.
Background technology：
It is well known that Kiwi berry is perennial tendril fruit tree, shoot growth is rapid, and the economic life can be more than 50 years, Kiwi berry
Itself is unable to vertical growth, in order to not make complicated and confused mutually winding, rational built support should be selected to give its growing space, in spy
Determine to coordinate rational Training system under frame face, just plant can be made to keep robust growth and good bearing capacity for a long time.With Mi
The large area plant of monkey peach, standardized planting management is the key of scale management, and well tree-like is Kiwi berry good quality and high output
Basis.
At present, the prior art cultivation tree-like to Kiwi berry does not have clear and definite technical standard, exist branches and tendrils the division of labor it is indefinite,
Yield is unstable, plant vegetative growth and the defects of reproductive growth imbalance.Largely it facts have proved：Good is tree-like, is to realize
High yield, high-quality and stable yields basic guarantee, and shaping is to build the good tree-like basis of Kiwi berry, the quality of shaping directly affects
To growth result for many years later, just shaping should be carried out according to standard since building well, to nonstandard tree after otherwise growing up
Shape is difficult to be transformed again.
A kind of complicated and confused clear and definite, plant nutrition of dividing the work is provided it is an object of the invention to overcome the above-mentioned deficiency of prior art
Growth and reproductive growth balance, the shaping methods that the macaque Young peach trees of the standardization of high-quality, high yield and stable yields are cultivated can be realized.
The content of the invention：
The object of the present invention is achieved like this, and its technical scheme is：The shaping methods that a kind of macaque Young peach trees are cultivated, it includes
Its trunk, main stem and lateral bine are trimmed in the growth course of treelet using greenhouse stringing, shaping and the culture of tree vigo(u)r, its
It is characterised by：
A, the culture of trunk：Annual tree is the critical period of trunk culture after grafting, summer and winter pruning shaping it is main
Task is to stretch trunk thickening, and to meet the skeletal support of main stem growth, its specific method is：First, in Seedling Stage grafting
Afterwards, a upright branches and tendrils are selected and remain to carry out traction to it with pull rope and allow its vertical growth and to avoid being broken by wind, and
Rhizome portion reserves 1-2 root lateral buds, and carries out pinching repeatedly when growing into 40cm to it, to inspire branches and leaves manufacture nutrient supply trunk
Growth；Second, to upright trunk help in time strong, in the spring and summer dendritic growth busy season, enter in time when top becomes slim and frahile or bending
Row pinching or cutting back, and other lateral buds are removed on trunk to ensure trunk thickening and vertical growth；Third, when summer trunk top
Growth 30cm on the frame line, and when trunk rugosity of buddering reaches 1cm, 50cm under cutting to frame line is returned, and only in clip
Two full buds are left to be used to be trained two main stems；With
B, the culture of main stem：Biennial tree is the critical period of main stem culture after grafting；After annual tree cultivates trunk emphatically,
Biennial set just cultivates emphatically two main stems, and the main task of summer and winter pruning shaping is main stem thickening is shaped, with true
Protect and supported to lateral bine with firm frame face, its specific method is：First, the two full buds for making clip reserved make it take out hair into two
Root main stem, and make the extended line of main stem and trunk into 60~70 ° of angles；Second, when two main stems grow to 50~60cm, respectively
It is strapped on stringing along frame line, and is only tied up together at the climing place of main stem point during bondage, allows main stem to grow naturally；Third, when main stem is given birth to
It is long to 100~110cm when, carry out pinching and turn round the tip, allow its thickening and inspiring collateral generation, and suitably carry out bondage, to avoid
Broken and ensured the direction of growth of main stem by wind；Fourth, pay attention to two main stems are carried out to help strong cutting back and lateral bine to train when trimming in the winter time
Support, main stem is returned during cutting back and be as short as at limb rugosity 1cm, and a upward terminal bud is reserved in clip, and clip distance stays bud
3cm, meanwhile, antifreeze processing is carried out, to avoid winter frostbite terminal bud from influenceing the growth of coming year main stem；With
C, the culture of lateral bine：3 years raw trees are the critical period of lateral bine culture after grafting；Two masters are cultivated emphatically in biennial tree
On the basis of climing, raw set just will cultivate lateral bine emphatically within 3 years, and the main task of summer and winter pruning shaping is according to trunk, master
The climing strong and weak quantity for determining side shoot, accomplishes to set fixed output quota, its specific method is：First, to determine that side shoot is reserved according to main stem rugosity
Quantity, to determine that side shoot reserves quantity according to tree vigo(u)r situation especially in restocking First Year winter pruning, its standard is：Work as master
When climing top limb rugosity reaches 1.5cm and the above, then every main stem selects and remain 3~4 lateral alternate side shoots by spacing 30cm, comes
The lateral bine of main stem both sides is trained, when main stem top limb rugosity is less than 1.5cm, then only selects and remain 1~2 lateral alternate side
Branch, when main stem top limb rugosity is less than 1cm, does not then stay side shoot to cultivate tree vigo(u)r；Second, it is noted that balance two main stems
Growing way, when two main stem growing ways are inconsistent, weaker main stem trimming will overweight stronger main stem, and reserved side shoot quantity is strong climing more than weak
It is climing, until treating that its growth finally reaches reserved side shoot quantity；Third, in the growth course of lateral bine, the strong and weak progress of its growing way is regarded
Cutting back, 1cm and the above are reached to rugosity, then 6~8 full buds of transient stay, to be trained the side shoot of lateral bine, to rugosity 0.8 with
It is upper less than 1cm, then 4~6 full buds of a transient stay, until treating that its growth finally reaches reserved side shoot quantity, and every lateral bine
Finally branch is long is trimmed to 150 cm；Fourth, branches and tendrils are strapped on stringing by trimming with tightrope in time after terminating, to correct and fix
Its direction of growth, ensures effective utilization in space, and is careful not to injury in bondage and stays bud；With
D, the culture of tree vigo(u)r：By the culture of the trunk, main stem and lateral bine, ultimately form：One trunk, two main stems and eight lateral bines
It is tree-like；Trunk is more straight more is advantageous to nutrition transport, and its optimum height is 170 cm；Main stem to be trained under frame at 20cm with
The extended line of trunk is into 60~70 ° of angles to the horizontally-parallel growth in both sides, and also straight, its optimum length is 100~150 cm；Side
Climing optimal in every side main stem 4, length 150cm, and year replacement then is carried out after bearing fruit to the side shoot on lateral bine, its is specific
Method is：Reserved fruitful branch of the spring tip as the coming year is selected by the side shoot of result then, so not only ensure that every annual bearing
The rotation of branch, nutrition supply also is provided for fruitful branch then, and alternately renewal in turn ensures that annual stable yields and high yield to side shoot.
The present invention has following advantages compared to prior art：First, cultivating shaping to treelet specify that task object and offer
The working specification of a set of standardization, be advantageous to the standardization building well of large-scale planting；Second, tree vigo(u)r is tree-like succinct regular, favorably
In farm work and management, production cost is reduced；Third, the tree-like structure of tree vigo(u)r is reasonable, function allocation is clear and definite, space availability ratio
Height, the balance of plant vegetative growth and reproductive growth is ensure that, provide guarantee for high-quality, high yield and stable yields, and improve fruit
Product quality；Fourth, dendritic growth is vigorous, envelope garden rate reduces wind scar and burnt day and endanger, improve percent rate of high quality fruit, commodity up to 100%
Fruit rate is up to more than 95%, or even can exempt from bagging processing, and dropping expense for orchard worker increases income the condition of creating.
Brief description of the drawings：
The present invention will pass through accompanying drawing below（Embodiment）Give and be described in detail：
Fig. 1, the tree-like schematic diagram of tree vigo(u)r cultivated for the present invention.
Embodiment：
Reference picture 1, it is tree-like to give a kind of specific tree vigo(u)r that finally structure is formed after treelet cultivation shaping of the present invention.It can see
Go out, this tree vigo(u)r is tree-like from a upright trunk 1, with the extended line of trunk 1 into 60~70 ° of angles to the horizontally-parallel growth in both sides
Two main stems 2 and per side main stem 2 on 4 lateral bines 3 of lateral alternate form.Its specific inoculation method is as follows：
1st, the culture of trunk：Annual tree is the critical period of trunk culture after grafting, summer and winter pruning shaping it is main
Task is to stretch trunk thickening, and to meet the skeletal support of main stem growth, its specific method is：First, in Seedling Stage grafting
Afterwards, a upright branches and tendrils are selected and remain to carry out traction to it with pull rope and allow its vertical growth and to avoid being broken by wind, and
Rhizome portion reserves 1-2 root lateral buds, and carries out pinching repeatedly when growing into 40cm to it, to inspire branches and leaves manufacture nutrient supply trunk
Growth；Second, to upright trunk help in time strong, in the spring and summer dendritic growth busy season, enter in time when top becomes slim and frahile or bending
Row pinching or cutting back, and other lateral buds are removed on trunk to ensure trunk thickening and vertical growth；Third, when summer trunk top
Growth 30cm on the frame line, and when trunk rugosity of buddering reaches 1cm, 50cm under cutting to frame line is returned, and only in clip
Two full buds are left to be used to be trained two main stems；
2nd, the culture of main stem：Biennial tree is the critical period of main stem culture after grafting；After annual tree cultivates trunk emphatically,
Biennial set just cultivates emphatically two main stems, and the main task of summer and winter pruning shaping is main stem thickening is shaped, with true
Protect and supported to lateral bine with firm frame face, its specific method is：First, the two full buds for making clip reserved make it take out hair into two
Root main stem, and make the extended line of main stem and trunk into 60~70 ° of angles；Second, when two main stems grow to 50~60cm, respectively
It is strapped on stringing along frame line, and is only tied up together at the climing place of main stem point during bondage, allows main stem to grow naturally；Third, when main stem is given birth to
It is long to 100~110cm when, carry out pinching and turn round the tip, allow its thickening and inspiring collateral generation, and suitably carry out bondage, to avoid
Broken and ensured the direction of growth of main stem by wind；Fourth, pay attention to two main stems are carried out to help strong cutting back and lateral bine to train when trimming in the winter time
Support, main stem is returned during cutting back and be as short as at limb rugosity 1cm, and a upward terminal bud is reserved in clip, and clip distance stays bud
3cm, meanwhile, antifreeze processing is carried out, to avoid winter frostbite terminal bud from influenceing the growth of coming year main stem；
3rd, the culture of lateral bine：3 years raw trees are the critical period of lateral bine culture after grafting；Two masters are cultivated emphatically in biennial tree
On the basis of climing, raw set just will cultivate lateral bine emphatically within 3 years, and the main task of summer and winter pruning shaping is according to trunk, master
The climing strong and weak quantity for determining side shoot, accomplishes to set fixed output quota, its specific method is：First, to determine that side shoot is reserved according to main stem rugosity
Quantity, to determine that side shoot reserves quantity according to tree vigo(u)r situation especially in restocking First Year winter pruning, its standard is：Work as master
When climing top limb rugosity reaches 1.5cm and the above, then every main stem selects and remain 3~4 lateral alternate side shoots by spacing 30cm, comes
The lateral bine of main stem both sides is trained, when main stem top limb rugosity is less than 1.5cm, then only selects and remain 1~2 lateral alternate side
Branch, when main stem top limb rugosity is less than 1cm, does not then stay side shoot to cultivate tree vigo(u)r；Second, it is noted that balance two main stems
Growing way, when two main stem growing ways are inconsistent, weaker main stem trimming will overweight stronger main stem, and reserved side shoot quantity is strong climing more than weak
It is climing, until treating that its growth finally reaches reserved side shoot quantity；Third, in the growth course of lateral bine, the strong and weak progress of its growing way is regarded
Cutting back, 1cm and the above are reached to rugosity, then 6~8 full buds of transient stay, to be trained the side shoot of lateral bine, to rugosity 0.8 with
It is upper less than 1cm, then 4~6 full buds of a transient stay, until treating that its growth finally reaches reserved side shoot quantity, and every lateral bine
Finally branch is long is trimmed to 150 cm；Fourth, branches and tendrils are strapped on stringing by trimming with tightrope in time after terminating, to correct and fix
Its direction of growth, ensures effective utilization in space, and is careful not to injury in bondage and stays bud；
4th, the culture of tree vigo(u)r：By the culture of the trunk, main stem and lateral bine, ultimately form：One trunk, two main stems and eight sides
Climing is tree-like；Trunk is more straight more is advantageous to nutrition transport, and its optimum height is 170 cm；Main stem will be trained under frame at 20cm
Extended line with trunk is into 60~70 ° of angles to the horizontally-parallel growth in both sides, and also straight, its optimum length is 100~150 cm；
Lateral bine will carry out year replacement then optimal 4, length 150cm in every side main stem, and after bearing fruit to the side shoot on lateral bine, and it has
Body method is：Reserved fruitful branch of the spring tip as the coming year is selected by the side shoot of result then, so not only ensure that annual knot
The rotation of fruit branch, nutrition supply also is provided for fruitful branch then, and alternately renewal in turn ensures that annual stable yields and height to side shoot
Production, supplied in trunk infusion under sufficient and trunk allows, each side shoot is averagely born fruit 10-15kg, and isolated tree can bear fruit 80-
100kg, commodity fruit rate is up to more than 95%, and in seeding row spacing 2m*3m high yield garden, per mu yield is up to 1000-1500kg.
In summary, the present invention gives detailed description by specific embodiment, but certainly much less in right of the present invention
It is required that on the basis of 1 methods described, some adaptive changes can be made according to general knowledge known to a person of ordinary skill in the art, and
All these changes are without departing from the protection domain of the claims in the present invention 1, for example, to the described height of tree, branch is long and distance
It is required that although its nutrient balance to plant strain growth, space availability ratio, the structure of yield and garden are significant, show
So it is without the measurement standard in pure mathematics meaning.
Claims (1)
1. the shaping methods that a kind of macaque Young peach trees are cultivated, it leads using greenhouse stringing in the growth course of treelet to it
Dry, main stem and lateral bine are trimmed, shaping and the culture of tree vigo(u)r, it is characterised in that：
A, the culture of trunk：Annual tree is the critical period of trunk culture after grafting, summer and winter pruning shaping it is main
Task is to stretch trunk thickening, and to meet the skeletal support of main stem growth, its specific method is：First, in Seedling Stage grafting
Afterwards, a upright branches and tendrils are selected and remain to carry out traction to it with pull rope and allow its vertical growth and to avoid being broken by wind, and
Rhizome portion reserves 1-2 root lateral buds, and carries out pinching repeatedly when growing into 40cm to it, to inspire branches and leaves manufacture nutrient supply trunk
Growth；Second, to upright trunk help in time strong, in the spring and summer dendritic growth busy season, enter in time when top becomes slim and frahile or bending
Row pinching or cutting back, and other lateral buds are removed on trunk to ensure trunk thickening and vertical growth；Third, when summer trunk top
Growth 30cm on the frame line, and when trunk rugosity of buddering reaches 1cm, 50cm under cutting to frame line is returned, and only in clip
Two full buds are left to be used to be trained two main stems；With
B, the culture of main stem：Biennial tree is the critical period of main stem culture after grafting；After annual tree cultivates trunk emphatically,
Biennial set just cultivates emphatically two main stems, and the main task of summer and winter pruning shaping is main stem thickening is shaped, with true
Protect and supported to lateral bine with firm frame face, its specific method is：First, the two full buds for making clip reserved make it take out hair into two
Root main stem, and make the extended line of main stem and trunk into 60~70 ° of angles；Second, when two main stems grow to 50~60cm, respectively
It is strapped on stringing along frame line, and is only tied up together at the climing place of main stem point during bondage, allows main stem to grow naturally；Third, when main stem is given birth to
It is long to 100~110cm when, carry out pinching and turn round the tip, allow its thickening and inspiring collateral generation, and suitably carry out bondage, to avoid
Broken and ensured the direction of growth of main stem by wind；Fourth, pay attention to two main stems are carried out to help strong cutting back and lateral bine to train when trimming in the winter time
Support, main stem is returned during cutting back and be as short as at limb rugosity 1cm, and a upward terminal bud is reserved in clip, and clip distance stays bud
3cm, meanwhile, antifreeze processing is carried out, to avoid winter frostbite terminal bud from influenceing the growth of coming year main stem；With
C, the culture of lateral bine：3 years raw trees are the critical period of lateral bine culture after grafting；Two masters are cultivated emphatically in biennial tree
On the basis of climing, raw set just will cultivate lateral bine emphatically within 3 years, and the main task of summer and winter pruning shaping is according to trunk, master
The climing strong and weak quantity for determining side shoot, accomplishes to set fixed output quota, its specific method is：First, to determine that side shoot is reserved according to main stem rugosity
Quantity, to determine that side shoot reserves quantity according to tree vigo(u)r situation especially in restocking First Year winter pruning, its standard is：Work as master
When climing top limb rugosity reaches 1.5cm and the above, then every main stem selects and remain 3~4 lateral alternate side shoots by spacing 30cm, comes
The lateral bine of main stem both sides is trained, when main stem top limb rugosity is less than 1.5cm, then only selects and remain 1~2 lateral alternate side
Branch, when main stem top limb rugosity is less than 1cm, does not then stay side shoot to cultivate tree vigo(u)r；Second, it is noted that balance two main stems
Growing way, when two main stem growing ways are inconsistent, weaker main stem trimming will overweight stronger main stem, and reserved side shoot quantity is strong climing more than weak
It is climing, until treating that its growth finally reaches reserved side shoot quantity；Third, in the growth course of lateral bine, the strong and weak progress of its growing way is regarded
Cutting back, 1cm and the above are reached to rugosity, then 6~8 full buds of transient stay, to be trained the side shoot of lateral bine, to rugosity 0.8 with
It is upper less than 1cm, then 4~6 full buds of a transient stay, until treating that its growth finally reaches reserved side shoot quantity, and every lateral bine
Finally branch is long is trimmed to 150 cm；Fourth, branches and tendrils are strapped on stringing by trimming with tightrope in time after terminating, to correct and fix
Its direction of growth, ensures effective utilization in space, and is careful not to injury in bondage and stays bud；With
D, the culture of tree vigo(u)r：By the culture of the trunk, main stem and lateral bine, ultimately form：One trunk, two main stems and eight lateral bines
It is tree-like；Trunk is more straight more is advantageous to nutrition transport, and its optimum height is 170 cm；Main stem to be trained under frame at 20cm with
The extended line of trunk is into 60~70 ° of angles to the horizontally-parallel growth in both sides, and also straight, its optimum length is 100~150 cm；Side
Climing optimal in every side main stem 4, length 150cm, and year replacement then is carried out after bearing fruit to the side shoot on lateral bine, its is specific
Method is：Reserved fruitful branch of the spring tip as the coming year is selected by the side shoot of result then, so not only ensure that every annual bearing
The rotation of branch, nutrition supply also is provided for fruitful branch then, and alternately renewal in turn ensures that annual stable yields and high yield to side shoot.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108834624A (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2018-11-20 | 贵州大学 | A method of prevent expensive long Kiwi berry spring slightly branch from fractureing |
| CN109006138A (en) * | 2018-08-17 | 2018-12-18 | 扬州杨氏猕猴桃科学研究所 | A kind of Kiwi berry is without frame cultural method |
| CN109121968A (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2019-01-04 | 常宁百茂佳果农业开发有限公司 | Tendril fruit tree lets alone grown cultures method |
| CN109302933A (en) * | 2018-10-12 | 2019-02-05 | 四川省农业科学院园艺研究所 | The tree-like quickly breeding shaping methods of Kiwi berry premature labor high yield |
| CN110771368A (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2020-02-11 | 凉山彝族自治州亚热带作物研究所 | Kiwi fruit twisted branch strengthening and weak rapid racking trimming method |
| CN111837698A (en) * | 2020-07-29 | 2020-10-30 | 安康市农业科学研究院 | Kiwi fruit tree shaping method |
| CN113348944A (en) * | 2021-06-23 | 2021-09-07 | 十堰市经济作物研究所 | Taiwan Changcuo mulberry tree form suitable for being cultivated in northwest of Hubei province and cultivation method thereof |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108834624A (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2018-11-20 | 贵州大学 | A method of prevent expensive long Kiwi berry spring slightly branch from fractureing |
| CN109006138A (en) * | 2018-08-17 | 2018-12-18 | 扬州杨氏猕猴桃科学研究所 | A kind of Kiwi berry is without frame cultural method |
| CN109121968A (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2019-01-04 | 常宁百茂佳果农业开发有限公司 | Tendril fruit tree lets alone grown cultures method |
| CN109302933A (en) * | 2018-10-12 | 2019-02-05 | 四川省农业科学院园艺研究所 | The tree-like quickly breeding shaping methods of Kiwi berry premature labor high yield |
| CN109302933B (en) * | 2018-10-12 | 2020-07-24 | 四川省农业科学院园艺研究所 | Rapid cultivation and shaping method for premature high-yield tree form of kiwi fruit |
| CN110771368A (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2020-02-11 | 凉山彝族自治州亚热带作物研究所 | Kiwi fruit twisted branch strengthening and weak rapid racking trimming method |
| CN111837698A (en) * | 2020-07-29 | 2020-10-30 | 安康市农业科学研究院 | Kiwi fruit tree shaping method |
| CN111837698B (en) * | 2020-07-29 | 2021-12-07 | 安康市农业科学研究院 | Kiwi fruit tree shaping method |
| CN113348944A (en) * | 2021-06-23 | 2021-09-07 | 十堰市经济作物研究所 | Taiwan Changcuo mulberry tree form suitable for being cultivated in northwest of Hubei province and cultivation method thereof |
| CN113348944B (en) * | 2021-06-23 | 2023-09-19 | 十堰市经济作物研究所 | Taiwan long-fruit mulberry shape suitable for cultivation in northwest jaw region and cultivation method thereof |
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