CN104215171A - Noncontact laser ray measuring method for internal threads - Google Patents
Noncontact laser ray measuring method for internal threads Download PDFInfo
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- CN104215171A CN104215171A CN201310208340.9A CN201310208340A CN104215171A CN 104215171 A CN104215171 A CN 104215171A CN 201310208340 A CN201310208340 A CN 201310208340A CN 104215171 A CN104215171 A CN 104215171A
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Abstract
A noncontact laser ray measuring method for internal threads includes: acquiring image information of a to-be-measured internal thread according to a laser triangulation method, using a controller for postprocessing to calculate various parameters of the internal thread, and judging whether a to-be-tested part (2) is qualified or not according to the various parameters of the internal thread to finally finish the whole test process. The process of acquiring the image information of the to-be-measured internal thread according to the laser triangulation method sequentially includes: using a laser (1) to emit laser beams to a selected tested portion of the to-be-tested part (2); after the laser beams are reflected at the tested portion, using a reflector (3) to transmit the reflected beams to an optical enlargement system (4); processing optical signals by an area array CCD (charge coupled device) imaging system (5), and transmitting the signals to the controller (7) for postprocessing. The noncontact laser ray measuring method for the internal threads has the advantages of high dynamic measurement resolution, high universality and high predictable economic values and social values.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to engineering Inspection Technique field, specifically provide a kind of internal thread non-contact laser line measuring method.
Background technology
It is one of representative important foundation problem needing solution in engineering detecting that internal thread detects, and it has important using value at industrial circle.Such as: realizing the quick detection of precision standard part in petroleum industry pipeline thread and machine tooling field, collection, application and production support.
Commercial production is particularly in machine-building, and screw thread is that quantity is maximum, a kind of textural element be most widely used, and can be used for fastening, connection, sealing, transmission, power transmission and precision positioning etc.Therefore be threaded in manufacture and instrument-making industry and occupy epochmaking status.For different screw threads, they have common basic parameter, as pitch, helical pitch, lead angle, theoretical tooth depth, central diameter, footpath, top etc.And have some parameters to be considerable for certain screw thread, in actual production, therefore create the measuring method of many measurement single indexs, such as, measure pitch diameter of thread d, pitch P, half of thread angle and large and small footpath etc.For ensureing that various screw thread reaches its function, must detect by each geometry parameter of double thread.
For a long time, China mainly applies external thread gauge and other universal measuring instrument and some screw measurement instrument double threads detect.The existing mode of screw measurement "
1., for general standard screw thread, all adopt ring thread gage or feeler gauge to measure.
2. screw-thread micrometer is used to the measurement pitch diameter of thread.Also three pin amount methods can be claimed by the method that the pitch diameter of thread measured by metering pin.
3. gear tooth vernier calliper is used for measuring the thick and worm screw pitch diameter tooth thickness of middle diameter of metric trapezoidal screw tooth.
4. other parameter measurement special measuring tool and instruments.
These detection method shortcomings are mainly manifested in following aspects:
1. they all must manually directly operate, and measuring accuracy has relation nearly with operating personnel;
2. a lot of method surveying instrument in testing process will occur directly to contact with screw thread, consequently causes the damage of screw thread and the decline of measuring accuracy;
3. because the limitation of method causes conventional threads measuring accuracy relatively low;
4. whole measuring process takes time and effort, and work efficiency is low.
For these above shortcomings, researchist also takes energy in large quantities, and the detection method of double thread is constantly improved.But because of the limitation of Theories and methods, its research emphasis mainly concentrate on double thread detect data processing aspect and to traditional measurement method some optimize on, be difficult to transformation in essence.
People urgently wish to obtain the excellent internal thread non-contact laser line measuring method being suitable for engineer applied of a kind of technique effect.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide the internal thread non-contact laser line measuring method being suitable for engineer applied that a kind of technique effect is excellent.
A kind of internal thread non-contact laser of the present invention line measuring method; It is characterized in that: described internal thread non-contact laser line measuring method is the image information utilizing laser triangulation to obtain internal thread to be measured, then carry out with controller the parameters that aftertreatment calculates internal thread, judge that whether detected member 2 is qualified accordingly, and finally complete whole test process; The detailed process content that laser triangulation obtains the image information of internal thread to be measured requires successively:
Laser instrument 1 detection site selected in detected member 2 is used to give off laser beam, laser beam reflects in detection site, use catoptron 3 that the light be reflected back is passed to optical amplification system 4, then optical signalling is delivered to controller 7 by image pick-up card 6 again and carries out subsequent treatment after area array CCD imaging system 5 processes.
Described internal thread non-contact laser line measuring method, is characterized in that:
In described internal thread non-contact laser line measuring method, the laser that laser instrument 1 sends is vertically projected to detected member 2 surface through convergent lens, finally be imaged onto the surface of receiving device and optical amplification system 4 after light diffuse reflection through receiver lens, the center of the hot spot that optical amplification system 4 obtains is determined by the distance of laser instrument 1 with the measured surface in detected member 2;
When the surface of detected member 2 is subjected to displacement change, angle α between the receiver lens optical axis in the optical axis of laser beam and optical amplification system 4 changes, by the displacement variable x of the hot spot imaging in detecting optical amplification system 4, according to the proportionate relationship between each limit of similar triangles, calculate the displacement y on testee surface; Operate the three-dimensional configuration finally depicting surface, Target monitoring area in detected member 2 accordingly.
Following subsequent treatment can be carried out by software in controller 7:
Can use the interactive interface of the dedicated test software of corresponding above-mentioned measuring method, realize selecting software interactive module, set internal thread model to be detected, size is filed automatically, the functions such as screen display printing, storage;
1. system initialization: internal thread preset parameter value is set, error amount;
Image file is saved as after the image acquisition in 2. detected member 2 measured surface region
3. carry out screw thread inspection parameter to calculate: use digital image processing method to obtain thread contour and calculating parameter;
4. screw thread sentences useless process: according to the tolerance of setting, carry out sentencing the alignment processing of whether giving up according to the oil pipe of the error double thread of default;
5. display or printing type export and provide testing result and form according to production actual requirement.
Subsequent treatment in controller 7: be the following basic parameter confirming screw thread in detected member 2: pitch, helical pitch, lead angle, theoretical tooth depth, central diameter, footpath, top.
The technology contents brief introduction that the present invention is correlated with is as follows: utilize area array CCD imaging system 5, in conjunction with the technology such as optical measurement, Computer Image Processing, the present invention uses special measurement device can realize thread parameter non-cpntact measurement, and be preferably software in computing machine for platform with controller and work out corresponding trace routine, realize the functions such as image data acquiring, two dimensional image reproduction, Edge Gradient Feature, edge fitting, and effectively measure the multinomial whether qualified associated control parameters of screw thread.
The deficiency of many, the aspect such as precision is low consuming time is measured for external thread traditional measurement method, the computing method of emphasis of the present invention to optical imaging system, data acquisition circuit, filtering algorithm, edge detection algorithm, fitting algorithm and characteristic threads parameter are studied, and achieve the external thread parameter Non contact real time measurement becoming phase based on area array CCD.This has great importance to the quality of guarantee accessory in engineering:
1. there is the high measurement resolution of Pixel-level, breach current most of dynamic measuring tech resolution low, be difficult to the defect realizing the reconstruct of body surface details;
2., without the need to manual intervention, completely automatically obtain partial data;
3. avoid the wear of work and effectively avoid parasitic light;
4. improve lateral resolution, lower to surface requirements to be measured;
5. improve detection speed light path simple, and highly versatile;
6. digitizing the manageable signal of computing machine be can convert to, automatic extraction and the analysis of double thread profile pattern then completed by image processing and analyzing technology.
The key technical problem that overall technological scheme and quasi-solution are determined illustrates:
The present invention is based on laser triangulation and have another name called optical triangulation principle, area array CCD imaging system 5 is adopted to gather the scanning light belt of laser light knife on physical surface, send in controller 7 computing machine and process, obtain the three-dimensional coordinate accurately of detected member 2 detected surface, realize the digitizing of object surface shape.
Accuracy of target measurement can reach 0.005mm, and common Project Realization precision is 0.01mm.The improvement direction of improving performance: 1. hardware increases camera lens enlargement ratio, reduces the target surface size of CCD; 2. sub-pixel recognition introduced by software, improve measuring accuracy.
Innovative point illustrates: after utilizing laser triangulation to obtain the image information of internal thread to be measured, the image of acquisition is passed through denoising, the methods such as sub-pixel positioning carry out image procossing, obtain internal thread contour curve, and utilize thread parameter to define the parameters calculating internal thread, judge that whether part to be measured is qualified, complete whole test process.
The present invention to the type selecting of each parts of high precision screw measuring instrument, design and drafting, for the practical of screw measurement instrument lays good basis.
The essence of internal thread non-contact laser line measuring method of the present invention is a kind of contactless thread parameter measurement system based on machine vision, it is by combinations such as light source, CCD, computing machines, develops a kind of petroleum pipeline thread parameter intelligent measuring system based on area array CCD technique.Described measuring method has the advantages such as reproducible, precision is high, detection speed is fast.Have environment resistant light and vibration interference in addition, the feature such as workable, is applicable to the on-line measurement of all size steel pipe external thread parameter.
Its advantages shows following several aspect:
1. there is the high measurement resolution of Pixel-level, breach current most of dynamic measuring tech resolution low, be difficult to the defect realizing the reconstruct of body surface details;
2., without the need to manual intervention, completely automatically obtain partial data;
3. avoid the wear of work effectively to avoid parasitic light;
4. improve lateral resolution lower to surface requirements to be measured;
5. improve detection speed light path simple, highly versatile;
6. the application of laser line scanning instrument can greatly reduce enterprise operation cost.
Existing available spatial digitizer product is mainly used in model image collection and reverse-engineering, and in the face of the product of exact instrument manufacture and detection does not have high measuring accuracy and suitable cost performance, market application is also insufficient.The present invention is with pipeline internal thread three-dimensional measurement for typical apply background, and it has certain Technique Popularizing and is worth, and has expected larger economic worth and social value.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and the embodiments, the present invention is further detailed explanation:
Fig. 1 is specialized hardware principle of compositionality simplified schematic diagram corresponding to internal thread non-contact laser line measuring method;
Fig. 2 is the principle process reference diagram of internal thread non-contact laser line measuring method.
Embodiment
Laser instrument 1, detected member 2, catoptron 3, optical amplification system 4, area array CCD imaging system 5, image pick-up card 6, controller 7.
Embodiment 1
A kind of internal thread non-contact laser line measuring method; It utilizes laser triangulation to obtain the image information of internal thread to be measured, then carries out with controller the parameters that aftertreatment calculates internal thread, judges that whether detected member 2 is qualified accordingly, and finally complete whole test process; The detailed process content that laser triangulation obtains the image information of internal thread to be measured requires successively:
Laser instrument 1 detection site selected in detected member 2 is used to give off laser beam, laser beam reflects in detection site, use catoptron 3 that the light be reflected back is passed to optical amplification system 4, then optical signalling is delivered to controller 7 by image pick-up card 6 again and carries out subsequent treatment after area array CCD imaging system 5 processes.Described special hardware supported is see Fig. 1, and the principle process reference diagram that described method is implemented is see Fig. 2.
In described internal thread non-contact laser line measuring method, the laser that laser instrument 1 sends is vertically projected to detected member 2 surface through convergent lens, finally be imaged onto the surface of receiving device and optical amplification system 4 after light diffuse reflection through receiver lens, the center of the hot spot that optical amplification system 4 obtains is determined by the distance of laser instrument 1 with the measured surface in detected member 2;
When the surface of detected member 2 is subjected to displacement change, angle α between the receiver lens optical axis in the optical axis of laser beam and optical amplification system 4 changes, by the displacement variable x of the hot spot imaging in detecting optical amplification system 4, according to the proportionate relationship between each limit of similar triangles, calculate the displacement y on testee surface; Operate the three-dimensional configuration finally depicting surface, Target monitoring area in detected member 2 accordingly.
Subsequent treatment can be carried out by software in controller 7:
Can use the interactive interface of the dedicated test software of corresponding above-mentioned measuring method, realize selecting software interactive module, set internal thread model to be detected, size is filed automatically, the functions such as screen display printing, storage;
1. system initialization: internal thread preset parameter value is set, error amount;
Image file is saved as after the image acquisition in 2. detected member 2 measured surface region
3. carry out screw thread inspection parameter to calculate: use digital image processing method to obtain thread contour and calculating parameter;
4. screw thread sentences useless process: according to the tolerance of setting, carry out sentencing the alignment processing of whether giving up according to the oil pipe of the error double thread of default;
5. display or printing type export and provide testing result and form according to production actual requirement.
Subsequent treatment in controller 7: be the following basic parameter confirming screw thread in detected member 2: pitch, helical pitch, lead angle, theoretical tooth depth, central diameter, footpath, top.
The technology contents brief introduction that the present embodiment is relevant is as follows: utilize area array CCD imaging system 5, in conjunction with the technology such as optical measurement, Computer Image Processing, the present embodiment uses special measurement device can realize thread parameter non-cpntact measurement, and be preferably software in computing machine for platform with controller and work out corresponding trace routine, realize the functions such as image data acquiring, two dimensional image reproduction, Edge Gradient Feature, edge fitting, and effectively measure the multinomial whether qualified associated control parameters of screw thread.
The deficiency of many, the aspect such as precision is low consuming time is measured for external thread traditional measurement method, the computing method of the present embodiment emphasis to optical imaging system, data acquisition circuit, filtering algorithm, edge detection algorithm, fitting algorithm and characteristic threads parameter are studied, and achieve the external thread parameter Non contact real time measurement becoming phase based on area array CCD.This has great importance to the quality of guarantee accessory in engineering:
1. there is the high measurement resolution of Pixel-level, breach current most of dynamic measuring tech resolution low, be difficult to the defect realizing the reconstruct of body surface details;
2., without the need to manual intervention, completely automatically obtain partial data;
3. avoid the wear of work and effectively avoid parasitic light;
4. improve lateral resolution, lower to surface requirements to be measured;
5. improve detection speed light path simple, and highly versatile;
6. digitizing the manageable signal of computing machine be can convert to, automatic extraction and the analysis of double thread profile pattern then completed by image processing and analyzing technology.
The key technical problem that overall technological scheme and quasi-solution are determined illustrates:
The present embodiment has another name called optical triangulation principle based on laser triangulation, area array CCD imaging system 5 is adopted to gather the scanning light belt of laser light knife on physical surface, send in controller 7 computing machine and process, obtain the three-dimensional coordinate accurately of detected member 2 detected surface, realize the digitizing of object surface shape.
Accuracy of target measurement can reach 0.005mm, and common Project Realization precision is 0.01mm.The improvement direction of improving performance: 1. hardware increases camera lens enlargement ratio, reduces the target surface size of CCD; 2. sub-pixel recognition introduced by software, improve measuring accuracy.
Innovative point illustrates: after utilizing laser triangulation to obtain the image information of internal thread to be measured, the image of acquisition is passed through denoising, the methods such as sub-pixel positioning carry out image procossing, obtain internal thread contour curve, and utilize thread parameter to define the parameters calculating internal thread, judge that whether part to be measured is qualified, complete whole test process.
The present embodiment to the type selecting of each parts of high precision screw measuring instrument, design and drafting, for the practical of screw measurement instrument lays good basis.
The essence of internal thread non-contact laser line measuring method described in the present embodiment is a kind of contactless thread parameter measurement system based on machine vision, it is by combinations such as light source, CCD, computing machines, develops a kind of petroleum pipeline thread parameter intelligent measuring system based on area array CCD technique.Described measuring method has the advantages such as reproducible, precision is high, detection speed is fast.Have environment resistant light and vibration interference in addition, the feature such as workable, is applicable to the on-line measurement of all size steel pipe external thread parameter.
Its advantages shows following several aspect:
1. there is the high measurement resolution of Pixel-level, breach current most of dynamic measuring tech resolution low, be difficult to the defect realizing the reconstruct of body surface details;
2., without the need to manual intervention, completely automatically obtain partial data;
3. avoid the wear of work effectively to avoid parasitic light;
4. improve lateral resolution lower to surface requirements to be measured;
5. improve detection speed light path simple, highly versatile;
6. the application of laser line scanning instrument can greatly reduce enterprise operation cost.
Existing available spatial digitizer product is mainly used in model image collection and reverse-engineering, and in the face of the product of exact instrument manufacture and detection does not have high measuring accuracy and suitable cost performance, market application is also insufficient.The present embodiment is with pipeline internal thread three-dimensional measurement for typical apply background, and it has certain Technique Popularizing and is worth, and has expected larger economic worth and social value.
Claims (4)
1. internal thread non-contact laser line measuring method; It is characterized in that: described internal thread non-contact laser line measuring method is the image information utilizing laser triangulation to obtain internal thread to be measured, then carry out with controller the parameters that aftertreatment calculates internal thread, judge that whether detected member (2) is qualified accordingly, and finally complete whole test process; The detailed process content that laser triangulation obtains the image information of internal thread to be measured requires successively:
Laser instrument (1) is used to give off laser beam to the upper selected detection site of detected member (2), laser beam reflects in detection site, use catoptron (3) that the light be reflected back is passed to optical amplification system (4), then optical signalling is delivered to controller (7) is carried out subsequent treatment by image pick-up card (6) again after area array CCD imaging system (5) process.
2., according to internal thread non-contact laser line measuring method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that:
In described internal thread non-contact laser line measuring method, the laser that laser instrument (1) sends, through being vertically projected to detected member (2) surface, is finally imaged onto the surface of optical amplification system (4) after light diffuse reflection;
When the surface of detected member (2) is subjected to displacement change, angle α between the receiver lens optical axis in the optical axis of laser beam and optical amplification system (4) changes, by detecting the displacement variable x of hot spot imaging, according to the proportionate relationship between each limit of similar triangles, calculate the displacement y on testee surface; Operate the three-dimensional configuration finally depicting the upper surface, Target monitoring area of detected member (2) accordingly.
3., according to internal thread non-contact laser line measuring method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: controller carries out following subsequent treatment in (7):
1. system initialization: internal thread preset parameter value is set, error amount;
Image file is saved as after the image acquisition in 2. detected member (2) measured surface region
3. carry out screw thread inspection parameter to calculate: use digital image processing method to obtain thread contour and calculating parameter;
4. screw thread sentences useless process: according to the tolerance of setting, carry out sentencing the alignment processing of whether giving up according to the oil pipe of the error double thread of default;
5. output detections result and form.
4. according to claim 1-3 internal thread non-contact laser line measuring method described in one of them, it is characterized in that: the subsequent treatment in controller (7): be the following basic parameter confirming the upper screw thread of detected member (2): pitch, helical pitch, lead angle, theoretical tooth depth, central diameter, Xiang Jing.
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| CN201310208340.9A CN104215171A (en) | 2013-05-30 | 2013-05-30 | Noncontact laser ray measuring method for internal threads |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105823784A (en) * | 2016-05-06 | 2016-08-03 | 杭州沃镭智能科技股份有限公司 | Rapid detection device for caliper internal channel defects |
| CN108039647A (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2018-05-15 | 湖北文理学院 | Spark-plug thread detection device and method |
| CN110887449A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-03-17 | 西安理工大学 | Thread measuring device |
| CN112815866A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-05-18 | 沈阳理工大学 | Internal thread detector based on laser profile scanning and detection method thereof |
| CN114169132A (en) * | 2021-11-08 | 2022-03-11 | 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 | Thread parameter calculation method based on sensor thread measurement data |
-
2013
- 2013-05-30 CN CN201310208340.9A patent/CN104215171A/en active Pending
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105823784A (en) * | 2016-05-06 | 2016-08-03 | 杭州沃镭智能科技股份有限公司 | Rapid detection device for caliper internal channel defects |
| CN108039647A (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2018-05-15 | 湖北文理学院 | Spark-plug thread detection device and method |
| CN110887449A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-03-17 | 西安理工大学 | Thread measuring device |
| CN110887449B (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2022-07-08 | 西安理工大学 | Thread measuring device |
| CN112815866A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-05-18 | 沈阳理工大学 | Internal thread detector based on laser profile scanning and detection method thereof |
| CN114169132A (en) * | 2021-11-08 | 2022-03-11 | 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 | Thread parameter calculation method based on sensor thread measurement data |
| CN114169132B (en) * | 2021-11-08 | 2024-06-04 | 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 | Thread parameter calculation method based on sensor thread measurement data |
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Application publication date: 20141217 |