CN101382422A - Internal contour outline automatic detection system for pipe-shaped parts - Google Patents
Internal contour outline automatic detection system for pipe-shaped parts Download PDFInfo
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- CN101382422A CN101382422A CNA2008102012440A CN200810201244A CN101382422A CN 101382422 A CN101382422 A CN 101382422A CN A2008102012440 A CNA2008102012440 A CN A2008102012440A CN 200810201244 A CN200810201244 A CN 200810201244A CN 101382422 A CN101382422 A CN 101382422A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an automatic detection system for the internal contour of a tubular part, which belongs to the technical field of mechanical manufacturing industry and comprises: a measuring arm, a driving box, a control cabinet and a positioning mechanism; after the tubular part to be detected is sent to the positioning mechanism by a production transmission line and fixed by a clamp, the production line sends a ready signal to the control cabinet, then the control cabinet sends a control command to the driving box, the driving box drives the measuring arm to fast move forward and enter the interior of the tubular part to be detected so as to carry out continuous sampling and measurement on the internal contour; when the measurement is completed, the driving box drives the measuring arm to be fast withdrawn to the original position, detection results are displayed on a display of the control cabinet and stored in an internal memory after data processing conducted by the control cabinet; after the work is finished, the control cabinet sends a complete signal to the production line, and the detection work is completed. The automatic detection system can complete the automatic measurement of the three-dimensional contour of the thickened section of the tubular part, and provide the prompt for unqualified measuring situations by adopting acoustic-optic indication.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the equipment in a kind of detection technique field, specifically, relate to a kind of internal contour outline automatic detection system for pipe-shaped parts.
Background technology
Pipe-shaped parts is the common part of machinery manufacturing industry, and the interior overall size of its thick section is very big to the flow state influence of pipe-shaped parts inner fluid.The processing technology of thick section generally adopts hot extrusion molding method at present, thickening and two parts of external upset in being divided into, thereby the concrete dimensional parameters of interior profile exists uncertain and random.Because the interior profile of pipe-shaped parts thick section belongs to three-dimensional inside dimension, internal diameter size is that not exclusively rule changes, and it is bigger to measure difficulty, and precision is difficult for guaranteeing, therefore the on-line measurement difficulty lacks effective and practical measurement means.
Find through literature search prior art, at present domestic have only the Baoshan Iron and Steel Group pipe mill to release thickening track surveying instrument (China Patent No. 02215180.X) in a kind of drilling rod, this surveying instrument comprises parts such as probe, feeler lever, jointed gear unit, pen recorder, probe (for contact) is fixed in an end of feeler lever, the other end and the jointed gear unit of this feeler lever are fixedly connected, and described pen recorder (dial gauge commonly used etc.) also links to each other with this jointed gear unit.During detection, manually hand-held this surveying instrument makes probe contact with the drilling rod surfaces externally and internally, and along drilling rod axial direction pulling surveying instrument, then pen recorder can reflect that the inside and outside contour parameter of drilling rod changes.But there is serious problem in this method: the one, and this surveying instrument is actually the wall thickness that detects drilling rod, so the external upset overall size will influence the measurement result of interior thickening overall size; The 2nd, the hand-held surveying instrument that drags, with the corner position of visual method searching profile variations, precision can't ensure; The 3rd, the drilling rod rough surface produces serious wearing and tearing to contact measuring head, and the existence of respective surface quality shortcoming (for example burr, oxide skin, iron filings, dust etc.) will influence the accuracy of measurement result.
Except above-mentioned mechanical means, also have leakage field method, eddy current method, gamma-rays method, electromagnetic method and ultrasonic method etc.These method and apparatus great majority are used for defects detection and location, belong to the Non-Destructive Testing category.The system or the device of size detection are carried out in pipe-shaped parts inside, can be several for photo-electric, contact, pneumatic type, be mainly used in the pipe-shaped parts diameter measurement, all the three-dimensional dimension parameter of profile in the energy measurement not.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to above-mentioned deficiency, propose a kind of internal contour outline automatic detection system for pipe-shaped parts, adopt structured light technique and computer vision technique, realize that three-dimensional interior profile detects automatically, satisfies pipe-shaped parts actual production demand at prior art.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions, the present invention includes gage beam, driving box, switch board and detent mechanism.Tested part is fixed on the detent mechanism, and driving box is positioned at part one side and near the end, switch board is positioned near the driving box, links to each other with driving box by cable.Driving box inside is equipped with can reciprocating gage beam, the contour and dead in line of gage beam and tested part.Under the control of switch board, gage beam can enter part inside and survey, but does not contact with tested part.Tested pipe-shaped parts is sent on the detent mechanism by producing transmission line, and by anchor clamps fixing after, production line sends to switch board and is ready to signal, switch board sends steering order to driving box subsequently, driving box drives the inside that gage beam moved forward and entered measured tube shape part fast, internally profile is sampled and is measured continuously, after measuring end, driving box drives the quick rollback of gage beam to original position, and through the switch board data processing, testing result will show on the display of switch board, be stored in the internal storage simultaneously, behind the above-mentioned end-of-job, switch board sends to production line and finishes signal, and testing finishes.
Described gage beam is the critical component of system, comprise compositions such as light source, optical frames group, industrial camera, measurement window, light source sends one group of annular beam, project the optical frames group of a plated film, after the reflection of optical frames group, the permeametry window along the circumferential direction forms a plurality of hot spots of one group of annular spread at tested pipe-shaped parts inside surface, and each hot spot is represented in the pipe-shaped parts certain point on the profile.These hot spots obtain this light spot image by after the special lens imaging by video camera, send into by transmission cable in the switch board of back, carry out Flame Image Process and data processing by computing machine, can obtain the volume coordinate of these hot spot locas.When gage beam when the pipe-shaped parts axis moves, each hot spot can scan a bus profile of pipe-shaped parts inside surface, therefore measuring system can obtain the discrete point coordinate of a plurality of bus profiles, by these three-dimensional point are reconstructed, thereby obtain accurately overall size parameter in the pipe-shaped parts three-dimensional.
Described light source by several independently semiconductor laser form, these laser instruments axially evenly distribute along lens barrel.Therefore what sent by these laser instruments is one group of parallel annular light beam, forms a cylindrical region in the space.In order to guarantee measuring accuracy, quantity is at least 4 bundles.The optical frames group is the polyhedral cone prism, surface coating, and the reflecting surface quantity of prism is identical with the quantity of laser instrument, and reflecting surface and axis are at an angle.One group of light beam by the laser instrument emission at first projects on the reflecting surface of optical frames group right side, and after reflection, laser beam sees through protection eyeglass (being measurement window), along the circumferential direction forms a plurality of hot spots of one group of annular spread at tested pipe-shaped parts inside surface.These hot spots are imaged on the CCD of video camera, satisfy measurement requirement.
Be provided with some proximity transducers in the described driving box, can detect mutual alignment between gage beam and the pipe-shaped parts, avoid producing collision, improve the security and the reliability of measuring system by the mutual alignment between detection of straight lines guide rail and the pedestal.
Described driving box comprises motor, ball-screw, line slideway, pedestal, adjusting mechanism, motor is contour with ball-screw and directly link to each other, carry-over moment and velocity of rotation, line slideway is placed in the both sides of ball-screw, balanced distribution, line slideway, ball-screw and motor all are installed on the adjusting mechanism, and finally be installed in above the pedestal, under the control of switch board, the rotation of motor changes rectilinear motion into through behind the ball-screw, and drive gage beam along the rolling guide fast moving, profile in the pipe-shaped parts is measured.
Described driving box can be realized the adjustment of gage beam upright position by adjusting mechanism simultaneously, with the measurement requirement of the pipe-shaped parts that adapts to different size.
The master-slave mode TT﹠C system that described switch board is made up of industrial control computer and Programmable Logic Controller (PLC), send control command and systematic parameter by industrial computer to PLC, be responsible for the collection and the processing of light spot image simultaneously, and the measuring process of measuring system all is to finish under the control of PLC, comprise the driving of gage beam and location, the switch of laser instrument, the crashproof monitoring of gage beam etc., system works is reliable, stable.
Described switch board has sound and light alarm and prompt facility, and defective when measurement result, perhaps measuring system abnormal conditions occur and when stopping, switch board will be given birth to protect and be reported to the police and prompting by pilot lamp and loudspeaker, and system works is safer, reliable.
Compared with prior art, advantage that the present invention has and effect: first, the present invention adopts structured light and computer vision technique, the noncontact that has realized profile three-dimensional dimension parameter in the pipe-shaped parts detects automatically, solved that the conventional mechanical method precision is low, easy to wear, the disadvantage of poor reliability, life-span is long, good stability; The second, adopt the laser facula of a plurality of independent LASER Light Source in measured surface formation annular spread, effectively overcome the shaggy problem of tested part.The 3rd, adopt many bus independent detection modes, not only can measure tubular diameter of part, can also realize profile measurement in the arbitrary shape part three-dimensional; The 4th, the measuring process full-automation has quick, stable characteristics, meets the beat requirement of production line, improves detection efficiency and intelligent level greatly.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a gage beam structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the light-source structure synoptic diagram of gage beam.
Fig. 4 is the optical frames group principle schematic of gage beam.
Fig. 5 is a driving box structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a principle of the invention block diagram.
Among the above-mentioned figure: 1-gage beam, 2-driving box, 3-switch board, 4-pipe-shaped parts, 5-detent mechanism, 6-light source, 7-optical frames group, 8-measurement window, 9-video camera, 10-shell, 11-cable, 12-lens barrel, 13-laser instrument, 14-line slideway, 15-ball-screw, 16-motor, 17-pedestal, 18-proximity transducer, 19-adjusting mechanism.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiments of the invention are elaborated: present embodiment is being to implement under the prerequisite with the technical solution of the present invention, provided detailed embodiment and concrete operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
As shown in Figure 1, present embodiment partly is made up of gage beam 1, driving box 2, switch board 3, cable 11 and detent mechanism 5 etc.Tested part 4 is fixed on the detent mechanism 5, and driving box 2 is positioned at tested part 4 one sides and near the end, switch board 3 is positioned near the driving box 2, links to each other with driving box 2 by cable 11.Driving box 2 inside are equipped with can reciprocating gage beam 1, gage beam 1 and tested part 4 contour and deads in line.
Tested pipe-shaped parts 4 is sent on the detent mechanism 5 by producing transmission line, and by anchor clamps fixing safe after, production line sends to switch board 3 and is ready to signal Ready, switch board 3 sends steering order to driving box 2 subsequently, driving box 2 drives the inside that gage beam 1 moved forward and entered measured tube shape part 4 fast, and internally profile is sampled and measured continuously.After measuring end, driving box 2 drives gage beams 1 quick rollback to original position, and through switch board 3 data processing, testing result will show on the display of switch board 3, and be stored in the internal storage simultaneously.Behind the above-mentioned end-of-job, switch board 3 sends to production line and finishes signal ok, and testing finishes.
As shown in Figure 2, gage beam 1 is made up of light source 6, optical frames group 7, measurement window 8, industrial camera 9, proximity transducer 18 etc.Sending one group of parallel annular light beam by light source 6 projects on the optical frames group 7, after 7 reflections of optical frames group, permeametry window 8 along the circumferential direction forms a plurality of hot spots of one group of annular spread at tested pipe-shaped parts 4 inside surfaces, and each hot spot is represented in the pipe-shaped parts 4 certain point on the profiles.These hot spots are by optical frames group 7 imagings refraction back imaging on pipe-shaped parts 4 inwalls, by industrial camera 9 samplings, obtain this light spot image, send into by transmission cable 11 in the switch board 3 of back, by Flame Image Process and data processing, can obtain the volume coordinate of these hot spot locas.When gage beam 1 when pipe-shaped parts 4 axis move, each hot spot can scan a bus profile of pipe-shaped parts inside surface, therefore measuring system can obtain the discrete point coordinate of a plurality of bus profiles, by these three-dimensional cloud points are reconstructed, thereby obtain accurately overall size parameter in the pipe-shaped parts three-dimensional.
The shell 10 of gage beam 1 is provided with the measurement window 8 that optical glass is made, and both can satisfy measurement requirement, can play double action dustproof and protection again.
As shown in Figure 3, light source 6 by a lens barrel 12 and several independently semiconductor laser 13 form.These laser instruments 13 axially distribute ringwise along lens barrel 12.Therefore what sent by these laser instruments 13 is one group of parallel beam, forms a cylindrical region in the space.In order to guarantee measuring accuracy, quantity is at least 4 bundles, can be 4 bundles, 8 bundles, 16 bundles, 32 bundles, 64 bundles etc., is generally 4 multiple.
As shown in Figure 4, optical frames group 7 is polyhedral cone prisms, surface coating, the reflecting surface quantity of prism is identical with the quantity of laser instrument 13, reflecting surface and axis are at an angle, this angular dimension should ensure that folded light beam can shine tested part 4 inner wall surface, and the laser facula that forms can be caught and imaging by video camera 9.On the other hand, this angle to ensure also that reflected light shines the flares that back, measurement window 8 surface forms can be by video camera 9 imagings.One group of light beam by laser instrument 13 emission at first projects on the optical frames group 7 right side reflectings surface, and after reflection, laser beam permeametry window 8 along the circumferential direction forms a plurality of hot spots of one group of annular spread at tested pipe-shaped parts 4 inside surfaces.These hot spots are imaged onto on the CCD of video camera 9, satisfy measurement requirement.
As shown in Figure 5, driving box 2 partly is made up of line slideway 14, ball-screw 15, motor 16, pedestal 17, adjusting mechanism 19 etc.Motor 16 and ball-screw 15 are contour and directly link to each other carry-over moment and velocity of rotation.Line slideway 14 is placed in the both sides of ball-screw 15, balanced distribution.Line slideway 14, ball-screw 15 and motor 16 all are installed on the adjusting mechanism 19, and finally are installed in above the pedestal 17, thereby guarantee reliable and stable mutually position relation.Under the control of switch board 3, the rotation of motor 16 changes rectilinear motion into through behind the ball-screw 15, and drives gage beam 1 along line slideway 14 fast moving, and profile in the pipe-shaped parts 4 is measured; Driving box 2 can be realized the adjustment of gage beams 1 upright position by adjusting mechanism 19 simultaneously, with the measurement requirement of the pipe-shaped parts 4 that adapts to different size.
As shown in Figure 6, the master-slave mode TT﹠C system that switch board 3 is made up of computing machine and programmable logic controller (PLC) (PLC) specifically can comprise industrial control computer, image pick-up card, programmable logic controller (PLC) PLC, signal conditioning circuit, motor driver, laser controller, keyboard and mouse etc.PLC is the control core, is slave computer, and whole measuring processes of measuring system are to finish under the control of PLC, comprises by motor driver control motor rotating, and realizes advancing, retreat and locating of gage beam 1; Switch by laser controller control laser instrument 13 produces laser facula, and brightness is regulated or the like to laser.Industrial control computer is the data processing maincenter of switch board 3, it is host computer, with keyboard and mouse action, by industrial control computer to PLC transfer system running parameter, handle view data, gage beam 1 implemented crashproof monitoring, working state of system and testing result shown etc. from image card.The effect of signal conditioning circuit is that signals such as various motor speeds, gage beam position, scene temperature are carried out pre-service (comprising filtering, amplification etc.), sends into then in the industrial control computer, for Treatment Analysis.Image pick-up card is responsible for the collection of light spot image, and sends into industrial control computer and handle.
Present embodiment adopts structured light and computer vision technique, the noncontact that has realized profile three-dimensional dimension parameter in the pipe-shaped parts detects automatically, the laser beam that adopts separate lasers to form annular spread forms the laser facula of annular spread at measured surface, solved that the classic method precision is low, easy to wear, the disadvantage of poor reliability, life-span is long, and full-automatic, meet the beat requirement of production line, improve detection efficiency and intelligent level greatly.Present embodiment is measured applicable to the noncontact dimensional parameters of various pipe parts, both can measure metal tube, also can measure nonmetal pipe fitting.
Claims (9)
1, a kind of internal contour outline automatic detection system for pipe-shaped parts, it is characterized in that, comprise gage beam, driving box, switch board, detent mechanism, wherein: tested part is fixed on the detent mechanism, driving box is positioned at tested part one side and close end, switch board is positioned near the driving box, link to each other with driving box by cable, driving box inside is provided with the reciprocating gage beam of energy, contour and the dead in line of gage beam and tested part, tested pipe-shaped parts is sent on the detent mechanism by producing transmission line, and by anchor clamps fixing after, production line sends to switch board and is ready to signal, switch board sends steering order to driving box subsequently, driving box drives the inside that gage beam moved forward and entered measured tube shape part fast, internally profile is sampled and is measured continuously, after measuring end, driving box drives the quick rollback of gage beam to original position, through the switch board data processing, testing result will show on the display of switch board, be stored in simultaneously in the internal storage, behind the above-mentioned end-of-job, switch board sends to production line and finishes signal, and testing finishes.
2, internal contour outline automatic detection system for pipe-shaped parts as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described gage beam comprises light source, the optical frames group, measurement window, industrial camera, the one group of annular beam that is sent by light source projects on the optical frames group, shine the inside surface of tested pipe-shaped parts through reflection back permeametry window, thereby on the inside surface of pipe-shaped parts, form several laser faculas of annular spread along the circumferential direction, each hot spot is represented certain point on the interior profile of pipe-shaped parts, the image of these hot spots is obtained by industrial camera, being sent to switch board by cable handles, obtain the volume coordinate of this hot spot position by Flame Image Process, obtain the three-dimensional dimension parameter of profile in the pipe-shaped parts at last by data processing, when gage beam when the pipe-shaped parts axis moves, each hot spot scans a bus profile of pipe-shaped parts inside surface, therefore measuring system obtains the discrete point coordinate of a plurality of bus profiles, by these three-dimensional cloud points are reconstructed, thereby obtain accurately overall size parameter in the pipe-shaped parts three-dimensional.
3, internal contour outline automatic detection system for pipe-shaped parts as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described light source by a lens barrel and several independently semiconductor laser form, these laser instruments axially evenly distribute ringwise along lens barrel, and what sent by these laser instruments is the parallel beam of one group of annular.
4, internal contour outline automatic detection system for pipe-shaped parts as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, described semiconductor laser, and its quantity is at least 4 bundles.
5; internal contour outline automatic detection system for pipe-shaped parts as claimed in claim 2; it is characterized in that; described reflective mirror group is an one-to-many face cone prism; the reflecting surface quantity of prism is identical with the quantity of laser instrument; reflecting surface and axis are at an angle; one group of light beam by the laser instrument emission at first projects on the reflecting surface of optical frames group right side; after reflection; laser beam sees through the protection eyeglass; along the circumferential direction form a plurality of hot spots of one group of annular spread at tested pipe-shaped parts inside surface; these hot spots are imaged on the CCD of video camera; satisfy measurement requirement; wherein: the reflecting surface of described prism and the angle of axis guarantee that folded light beam can shine the tested part inner wall surface, and the laser facula that forms can be caught and imaging by video camera, simultaneously reflected light shine the flare that forms behind the measurement window surface can be by the video camera imaging.
6, internal contour outline automatic detection system for pipe-shaped parts as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that, described gage beam, and its shell is provided with the optical glass measurement window.
7, internal contour outline automatic detection system for pipe-shaped parts as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described driving box comprises motor, ball-screw, line slideway, pedestal, adjusting mechanism, motor is contour with ball-screw and directly link to each other, carry-over moment and velocity of rotation, line slideway is placed in the both sides of ball-screw, balanced distribution, line slideway, ball-screw and motor all are installed on the adjusting mechanism, and finally be installed in above the pedestal, under the control of switch board, the rotation of motor changes rectilinear motion into through behind the ball-screw, and drive gage beam along the rolling guide fast moving, profile in the pipe-shaped parts is measured.
8, as claim 1 or 7 described internal contour outline automatic detection system for pipe-shaped parts, it is characterized in that, be provided with some proximity transducers in the described driving box, detect mutual alignment between gage beam and the pipe-shaped parts by the mutual alignment between detection of straight lines guide rail and the pedestal, driving box can be regulated the vertical height and the position of gage beam automatically.
9, internal contour outline automatic detection system for pipe-shaped parts as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the master-slave mode TT﹠C system that described switch board is made up of industrial control computer and Programmable Logic Controller, industrial control computer sends control command and systematic parameter to Programmable Logic Controller, is responsible for the collection and the processing of light spot image simultaneously.
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| CNA2008102012440A CN101382422A (en) | 2008-10-16 | 2008-10-16 | Internal contour outline automatic detection system for pipe-shaped parts |
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