CN104206319A - Method for breeding penaeus vanmamei - Google Patents
Method for breeding penaeus vanmamei Download PDFInfo
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- CN104206319A CN104206319A CN201410333850.3A CN201410333850A CN104206319A CN 104206319 A CN104206319 A CN 104206319A CN 201410333850 A CN201410333850 A CN 201410333850A CN 104206319 A CN104206319 A CN 104206319A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for breeding penaeus vanmamei. The method comprises the steps of pond disinfection, oxygenation, water introducing, shrimp fry selection, and feeding in the stages of growth and development of the shrimp fries to P5, the night before putting of the shrimp fries, about 25 days after putting of the shrimp fries, and the middle and latter periods of breeding. Feeds of corresponding stages are provided according to different nutrition demands of the penaeus vanmamei at different growing stages, so that the penaeus vanmamei can be kept in a stable and healthy physiological status, the bait coefficient of the penaeus vanmamei can be lowered, the growing speed is increased, and the disease resistance of the penaeus vanmamei is favorably improved. The penaeus vanmamei bred by adopting the breeding method disclosed by the invention is high in survival rate and yield.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to aquaculture field, particularly relate to a kind of cultural method of Penaeus Vannmei.
Background technology
Penaeus Vannmei originates in sea, South America pacific rim, 1998 introduce this kind by the Institute of Oceanology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, it is strong that Penaeus Vannmei has premunition, output is high, the advantages such as cost is low, and meat is good, adaptable, start to economize cultivating large area in China Jiangsu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, Hainan etc., achieve outstanding economic benefit and social benefit.But since 2002, constantly severe along with breeding environment, the factors such as fry quality variation, cause baculovirus of prawn large-scale outbreak, have inflicted heavy losses on culture of Penaeus vannamei industry.This is wherein not only relevant with the quality degradation of shrimp seedling; also expose China's prawn culturing technology backwardness relatively simultaneously; perplex numerous raisers " stealing dead ", " at the bottom of consumption " problem always; all owing to ignoring the key measures such as protection breeding ecological environment, feed diet nutrient balance in order to the high yield that covets, often causing the problems such as dead prawn, feed coefficient is high, aquaculture cost is high.Simultaneously so-called on market in recent years ecologic breeding, it is not ecologic breeding truly, only often use microorganism formulation, use disinfectant less, few with or without antibiotic, excessively pursue high-yield and high-efficiency too, but this kind of mode not only effectively can not control the disease of prawn, exacerbate the spreading of prawn disease on the contrary, more reduce cultivation success rate.
The subject matter existed in current culture of Penaeus vannamei method:
1, think little of cultivation in earlier stage, choose at random feed; The undue weight middle and later periods, desperately feed intake, fatten;
2, raiser generally believes and just can save feed cost with cheap low-grade feed;
3, for meeting the different nutritional need of prawn or improving premunition, excessive so-called nutriment or medicine is mixed with in feed, but really can be utilized little by prawn, not only increase aquaculture cost, further increase cultivation risk, the defect that these cultural methods exist and mistaken ideas, significantly reduce culture of Penaeus vannamei benefit.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the problems referred to above of the prior art and provide a kind of cultural method of Penaeus Vannmei, the Penaeus Vannmei survival rate adopting this cultural method to cultivate is high and output is high.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A cultural method for Penaeus Vannmei, comprises the steps:
(1) pond disinfection: evenly splash with 50 ~ 80kg/ mu quicklime slurrying or with 8kg/ mu bleaching powder, pond carried out disinfection; Afterflush pond, pond is shone through 3 ~ 4 days; Intake again, make pond water pH value be 8.0 ~ 8.6; Then by every mu of 200 ~ 250g BCDMH, splashed sterilization in full pond;
(2) oxygenation: every 4 mu of waters surface configure 1 1.5 kw of power aerator;
(3) intake: water inlet in 2 ~ 3 days after above-mentioned sterilization, make dissolved oxygen 5mg/L, pH value is 7.8 ~ 8.5, and transparency is 30 ~ 40cm;
(4) shrimp seedling is selected: choosing shrimp seedling length is 0.8 ~ 1.2cm, and density is 2 ~ 80,000 tails/mu; Be 22 ~ 35 DEG C in water temperature and put shrimp seedling in a suitable place to breed;
(5) shrimp seedling grows to P5: replace that prawn slice are as usual throws something and feeds with opening material to increase progressively every day 10%;
(6) seedling evening before yesterday is put: mix biological water purification product with opening material and shrimp crab viable product is splashed along limit;
(7) put seedling about 25 days: enter and turn the liver phase, 5 ~ 7 days by a definite date, material reducing 1/3, drop into composite B vitamin class liver-protecting product spice and feed;
(8) cultivate the middle and later periods: night, the shelling phase, typhoon and change in weather time to throw something and feed VC class resisting stress product, feed for fattening product of selecting to throw something and feed is fattened to Penaeus Vannmei, is increased weight and promote shell.
Above-mentioned seedling of putting can coordinate opening material biological water purification product and shrimp crab viable product with VC class resisting stress product the evening before yesterday.
Above-mentioned opening material is mixed by white fish meal, inlet steam fish meal, import fish oil, decortication dregs of beans, special bait, composite organic acid and nucleotide, polysaccharide and Chinese herbal medicine extract, polypeptide and natural active matter, compound micro-ecological preparation.
Above-mentioned biological water purification product is Lactobacillus plantarum, saccharomyces cerevisiae profitable strain, several amino acids and vitamin mix.
Above-mentioned shrimp crab viable product is calcium, magnesium, iron, copper, manganese, zinc mix.
Above-mentioned VC class resisting stress product is that L-AA-2-phosphate and feed mix.
Above-mentioned composite B vitamin class liver-protecting product is vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, vitamin PP, calcium pantothenate, mixing diluents form.
Above-mentioned feed for fattening product is inlet steam fish meal, white fish meal, import fish oil, decortication dregs of beans, brewer's yeast, soybean lecithin, flour, B B-complex (A, D, E, K, B1, B2, B6, B12, vitamin h, calcium pantothenate, vitamin PP, inositol), composite mineral matter (calcium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate monohydrate magnesium, ferrous sulfate monohydrate, cupric glycinate, glycine zine, manganese methionine, cobalt methionine, calcium iodate, sodium selenite), immunopotentiator mix.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: for the difference of the nutritional need of Penaeus Vannmei Different growth phases, the feed of respective stage is provided, Penaeus Vannmei is made to keep stable healthy physiological status, the feed coefficient of Penaeus Vannmei can not only be reduced, improve its growth rate, also help the premunition improving Penaeus Vannmei; The Penaeus Vannmei survival rate adopting cultural method of the present invention to cultivate is high and output is high.
Embodiment
In order to better the present invention is described, be now further described.
Embodiment 1
A cultural method for Penaeus Vannmei, comprises the steps:
(1) pond disinfection: evenly splash with 50 ~ 80kg/ mu quicklime slurrying and pond carried out disinfection; Shone afterflush pond, pond through 3 days, limewash is washed out; To intake again 5 ~ 10cm, make pond water pH value be 8.0 ~ 8.6; Then by every mu of 200 ~ 250g BCDMH, splashed sterilization in full pond;
(2) oxygenation: pond about depth of water 1.2m, is equipped with 3 1.5 kw of power aerators;
(3) intake: water inlet in 2 ~ 3 days after above-mentioned sterilization, make dissolved oxygen 5mg/L, pH value is 7.8 ~ 8.5, and transparency is 30 ~ 40cm;
(4) shrimp seedling is selected: choosing shrimp seedling length is 0.8 ~ 1.2cm, drops in 12 mu of ponds at 370,000 tail shrimp seedlings; Be 22 ~ 35 DEG C in water temperature and put shrimp seedling in a suitable place to breed;
(5) shrimp seedling grows to P5: replace that prawn slice are as usual throws something and feeds with 14kg opening material to increase progressively every day 10%; Need not experience food transformation after shrimp seedling to the shrimp pool again stress the phase, directly shakes down, and avoids idle food to eliminate, directly raising shrimp shoot survival percent;
(6) seedling evening before yesterday is put: mix 8L biological water purification product with 10kg opening material and 4kg shrimp crab viable product is splashed along limit;
(7) put seedling about 25 days: enter and turn the liver phase, 5 ~ 7 days by a definite date, material reducing 1/3, drop into 600g composite B vitamin class liver-protecting product and feed; To strengthen the physique of shrimp, make that shrimp is fast in cultivation middle and later periods long speed, disease is few and material than low;
(8) cultivate the middle and later periods: night, the shelling phase, typhoon and change in weather time to throw something and feed 4kgVC class resisting stress product product, the feed for fattening product of select to throw something and feed safe and comfortable No. 0 200kg of shrimp, the safe and comfortable No. 1 broken material 400kg of shrimp, the safe and comfortable No. 1 particulate material 1000kg of shrimp and the safe and comfortable No. 2 particulate material 1712.8kg of shrimp is fattened to Penaeus Vannmei.
Embodiment 2
A cultural method for Penaeus Vannmei, comprises the steps:
(1) pond disinfection: evenly splash with 8 kgs/acre of bleaching powder and pond carried out disinfection; Shone afterflush pond, pond through 4 days, limewash is washed out; To intake again 5 ~ 10cm, make pond water pH value be 8.0 ~ 8.6; Then by every mu of 200 ~ 250g BCDMH, splashed sterilization in full pond;
(2) oxygenation: pond about depth of water 1.2m, is equipped with 3 1.5 kw of power aerators;
(3) intake: water inlet in 2 ~ 3 days after above-mentioned sterilization, make dissolved oxygen 5mg/L, pH value is 7.8 ~ 8.5, and transparency is 30 ~ 40cm;
(4) shrimp seedling is selected: choosing shrimp seedling length is 0.8 ~ 1.2cm, drops in 13 mu of ponds at 390,000 tail shrimp seedlings; Be 22 ~ 35 DEG C in water temperature and put shrimp seedling in a suitable place to breed;
(5) shrimp seedling grows to P5: replace that prawn slice are as usual throws something and feeds with 15kg opening material to increase progressively every day 10%; Need not experience food transformation after shrimp seedling to the shrimp pool again stress the phase, directly shakes down, and avoids idle food to eliminate, directly raising shrimp shoot survival percent;
(6) seedling evening before yesterday is put: mix 9L biological water purification product with 11kg opening material and 4kg shrimp crab viable product is splashed along limit;
(7) put seedling about 25 days: enter and turn the liver phase, 5 ~ 7 days by a definite date, material reducing 1/3, drop into 650g composite B vitamin class liver-protecting product and feed; To strengthen the physique of shrimp, make that shrimp is fast in cultivation middle and later periods long speed, disease is few and material than low;
(8) cultivate the middle and later periods: night, the shelling phase, typhoon and change in weather time to throw something and feed 4kgVC class resisting stress product product, the feed for fattening product of select to throw something and feed safe and comfortable No. 0 200kg of shrimp, the safe and comfortable No. 1 broken material 400kg of shrimp, the safe and comfortable No. 1 particulate material 1000kg of shrimp and the safe and comfortable No. 2 particulate material 1714.8kg of shrimp is fattened to Penaeus Vannmei.
Embodiment 3
A cultural method for Penaeus Vannmei, comprises the steps:
(1) pond disinfection: evenly splash with 8 kgs/acre of bleaching powder and pond carried out disinfection; Shone afterflush pond, pond through 3 days, limewash is washed out; To intake again 5 ~ 10cm, make pond water pH value be 8.0 ~ 8.6; Then by every mu of 200 ~ 250g BCDMH, splashed sterilization in full pond;
(2) oxygenation: pond about depth of water 1.2m, is equipped with 6 1.5 kw of power aerators;
(3) intake: water inlet in 2 ~ 3 days after above-mentioned sterilization, make dissolved oxygen 5mg/L, pH value is 7.8 ~ 8.5, and transparency is 30 ~ 40cm;
(4) shrimp seedling is selected: choosing shrimp seedling length is 0.8 ~ 1.2cm, drops in 10 mu of ponds at 800,000 tail shrimp seedlings; Be 22 ~ 35 DEG C in water temperature and put shrimp seedling in a suitable place to breed;
(5) shrimp seedling grows to P5: replace that prawn slice are as usual throws something and feeds with 12kg opening material to increase progressively every day 10%; Need not experience food transformation after shrimp seedling to the shrimp pool again stress the phase, directly shakes down, and avoids idle food to eliminate, directly raising shrimp shoot survival percent;
(6) seedling evening before yesterday is put: mix 7L biological water purification product with 8kg opening material and 3kg shrimp crab viable product is splashed along limit;
(7) put seedling about 25 days: enter and turn the liver phase, 5 ~ 7 days by a definite date, material reducing 1/3, drop into 500g composite B vitamin class liver-protecting product and feed; To strengthen the physique of shrimp, make that shrimp is fast in cultivation middle and later periods long speed, disease is few and material than low;
(8) cultivate the middle and later periods: night, the shelling phase, typhoon and change in weather time to throw something and feed 3kgVC class resisting stress product product, the feed for fattening product of select to throw something and feed safe and comfortable No. 0 200kg of shrimp, the safe and comfortable No. 1 broken material 500kg of shrimp, the safe and comfortable No. 1 particulate material 1400kg of shrimp and the safe and comfortable No. 2 particulate material 1520kg of shrimp is fattened to Penaeus Vannmei.
Embodiment 4
A cultural method for Penaeus Vannmei, comprises the steps:
(1) pond disinfection: evenly splash with 50 ~ 80kg/ mu quicklime slurrying and pond carried out disinfection; Shone afterflush pond, pond through 4 days, limewash is washed out; To intake again 5 ~ 10cm, make pond water pH value be 8.0 ~ 8.6; Then by every mu of 200 ~ 250g BCDMH, splashed sterilization in full pond;
(2) oxygenation: pond about depth of water 1.2m, is equipped with 1 1.5 kw of power aerator;
(3) intake: water inlet in 2 ~ 3 days after above-mentioned sterilization, make dissolved oxygen 5mg/L, pH value is 7.8 ~ 8.5, and transparency is 30 ~ 40cm;
(4) shrimp seedling is selected: choosing shrimp seedling length is 0.8 ~ 1.2cm, drops in 4 mu of ponds at 200,000 tail shrimp seedlings; Be 22 ~ 35 DEG C in water temperature and put shrimp seedling in a suitable place to breed;
(5) shrimp seedling grows to P5: replace that prawn slice are as usual throws something and feeds with 5kg opening material to increase progressively every day 10%; Need not experience food transformation after shrimp seedling to the shrimp pool again stress the phase, directly shakes down, and avoids idle food to eliminate, directly raising shrimp shoot survival percent;
(6) seedling evening before yesterday is put: mix 3L biological water purification product with 3kg opening material and 1kg shrimp crab viable product is splashed along limit;
(7) put seedling about 25 days: enter and turn the liver phase, 5 ~ 7 days by a definite date, material reducing 1/3, drop into 200g composite B vitamin class liver-protecting product and feed; To strengthen the physique of shrimp, make that shrimp is fast in cultivation middle and later periods long speed, disease is few and material than low;
(8) cultivate the middle and later periods: night, the shelling phase, typhoon and change in weather time to throw something and feed 1kgVC class resisting stress product product, the feed for fattening product of select to throw something and feed safe and comfortable No. 0 80kg of shrimp, the safe and comfortable No. 1 broken material 160kg of shrimp, the safe and comfortable No. 1 particulate material 600kg of shrimp and the safe and comfortable No. 2 particulate material 1032kg of shrimp is fattened to Penaeus Vannmei.
Table 1: various embodiments of the present invention contrast
As shown in Table 1, adopt cultural method of the present invention to throw something and feed period dissimilar feed product for different breeding, expect, than low, to illustrate that efficiency of feed utilization is high; Survival rate, more than 80%, is illustrated as motility rate high; The highest per mu yield 1050 jin illustrates that output is high.
Claims (8)
1. a cultural method for Penaeus Vannmei, is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
(1) pond disinfection: evenly splash with 50 ~ 80kg/ mu quicklime slurrying or with 8kg/ mu bleaching powder, pond carried out disinfection; Afterflush pond, pond is shone through 3 ~ 4 days; Intake again, make pond water pH value be 8.0 ~ 8.6; Then by every mu of 200 ~ 250g BCDMH, splashed sterilization in full pond;
(2) oxygenation: every 4 mu of waters surface configure 1 1.5 kw of power aerator;
(3) intake: water inlet in 2 ~ 3 days after above-mentioned sterilization, make dissolved oxygen 5mg/L, pH value is 7.8 ~ 8.5, and transparency is 30 ~ 40cm;
(4) shrimp seedling is selected: choosing shrimp seedling length is 0.8 ~ 1.2cm, and density is 2 ~ 80,000 tails/mu; Be 22 ~ 35 DEG C in water temperature and put shrimp seedling in a suitable place to breed;
(5) shrimp seedling grows to P5: replace that prawn slice are as usual throws something and feeds with opening material to increase progressively every day 10%;
(6) seedling evening before yesterday is put: mix biological water purification product with opening material and shrimp crab viable product is splashed along limit;
(7) put seedling about 25 days: enter and turn the liver phase, 5 ~ 7 days by a definite date, material reducing 1/3, drop into composite B vitamin class liver-protecting product spice and feed;
(8) cultivate the middle and later periods: night, the shelling phase, typhoon and change in weather time to throw something and feed VC class resisting stress product, feed for fattening product of selecting to throw something and feed is fattened to Penaeus Vannmei, is increased weight and promote shell.
2. the cultural method of Penaeus Vannmei according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described in put seedling and can coordinate opening material biological water purification product and shrimp crab viable product with VC class resisting stress product the evening before yesterday.
3. the cultural method of Penaeus Vannmei according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described opening material is mixed by white fish meal, inlet steam fish meal, import fish oil, decortication dregs of beans, special bait, composite organic acid and nucleotide, polysaccharide and Chinese herbal medicine extract, polypeptide and natural active matter, compound micro-ecological preparation.
4. the cultural method of Penaeus Vannmei according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described biological water purification product is Lactobacillus plantarum, saccharomyces cerevisiae profitable strain, several amino acids and vitamin mix.
5. the cultural method of Penaeus Vannmei according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described shrimp crab viable product is calcium, magnesium, iron, copper, manganese, zinc mix.
6. the cultural method of Penaeus Vannmei according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described VC class resisting stress product is that L-AA-2-phosphate and feed mix.
7. the cultural method of Penaeus Vannmei according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described composite B vitamin class liver-protecting product is vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, vitamin PP, calcium pantothenate, mixing diluents form.
8. the cultural method of Penaeus Vannmei according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described feed for fattening product is inlet steam fish meal, white fish meal, import fish oil, decortication dregs of beans, brewer's yeast, soybean lecithin, flour, B B-complex (A, D, E, K, B1, B2, B6, B12, vitamin h, calcium pantothenate, vitamin PP, inositol), composite mineral matter (calcium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate monohydrate magnesium, ferrous sulfate monohydrate, cupric glycinate, glycine zine, manganese methionine, cobalt methionine, calcium iodate, sodium selenite), immunopotentiator mix.
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Cited By (16)
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| CN104782550A (en) * | 2015-05-14 | 2015-07-22 | 莆田市天然星农业开发有限公司 | Cultivation method of prawns |
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| CN105248996A (en) * | 2015-10-20 | 2016-01-20 | 南宁创才阿里科技有限公司 | Chinese herbal medicine decocting powder feed additive formula for later-stage culture of prawns |
| CN105724838A (en) * | 2016-03-10 | 2016-07-06 | 青岛农业大学 | Feed for Penaeus vannamei Boone in mature period and preparation method of feed |
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| CN106614178A (en) * | 2016-11-17 | 2017-05-10 | 南京正源生物技术有限公司 | Composite preparation for preventing and treating water retention disease of river crab and application thereof |
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| CN107667934A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2018-02-09 | 海南良之缘生物科技有限公司 | The cultural method of South America prawn |
| CN107821259A (en) * | 2017-11-02 | 2018-03-23 | 广西浙缘农业科技有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of Penaeus Vannmei |
| CN110338311A (en) * | 2019-07-12 | 2019-10-18 | 深圳市澳华集团股份有限公司 | Penaeus Vannmei post larval growth promotion mixed feed |
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| CN112889723A (en) * | 2021-02-07 | 2021-06-04 | 陈锚 | Organic shrimp pest control method |
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Cited By (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104782550A (en) * | 2015-05-14 | 2015-07-22 | 莆田市天然星农业开发有限公司 | Cultivation method of prawns |
| CN105075943A (en) * | 2015-08-12 | 2015-11-25 | 澧县华润水产生物科技有限公司 | Penaeus vannemei high-yield culturing method |
| CN105248996A (en) * | 2015-10-20 | 2016-01-20 | 南宁创才阿里科技有限公司 | Chinese herbal medicine decocting powder feed additive formula for later-stage culture of prawns |
| CN105724838A (en) * | 2016-03-10 | 2016-07-06 | 青岛农业大学 | Feed for Penaeus vannamei Boone in mature period and preparation method of feed |
| CN106305552A (en) * | 2016-08-19 | 2017-01-11 | 符艺 | Culture method for improving yield of penaeus vannamei |
| CN106614178A (en) * | 2016-11-17 | 2017-05-10 | 南京正源生物技术有限公司 | Composite preparation for preventing and treating water retention disease of river crab and application thereof |
| CN107156537A (en) * | 2017-06-01 | 2017-09-15 | 湛江市千舟渔水产有限公司 | A kind of Penaeus Vannmei turns liver phase special feed |
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