CN1042060C - Method of and means for purging non-condensable gases from condensers or the like - Google Patents
Method of and means for purging non-condensable gases from condensers or the like Download PDFInfo
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- CN1042060C CN1042060C CN90106802A CN90106802A CN1042060C CN 1042060 C CN1042060 C CN 1042060C CN 90106802 A CN90106802 A CN 90106802A CN 90106802 A CN90106802 A CN 90106802A CN 1042060 C CN1042060 C CN 1042060C
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- chamber
- working fluid
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- condenser
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28B—STEAM OR VAPOUR CONDENSERS
- F28B9/00—Auxiliary systems, arrangements, or devices
- F28B9/10—Auxiliary systems, arrangements, or devices for extracting, cooling, and removing non-condensable gases
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
Abstract
Condenser fluid comprising vaporized working fluid and non-condensable gases is treated by extracting fluid from the condenser and pressuring the fluid to liquefy the vaporized working fluid therein in such a way that the noncondensable gases are separated from the working fluid and can be vented from the extracted fluid.
Description
The present invention relates to the method and the device of the noncondensable gas that a kind of purifying flows out from condenser or similar devices.
In the equipment of Rankine cycle power plant, air-conditioning system and other use condensers, noncondensable gas always causes some troubles.The caused subject matter of noncondensable gas is the heat transfer efficiency of each component in the reduction system, that is to say, existing non-condensable gas is known from experience and is reduced heat and pass to the rate of heat transfer of the working fluid the Rankine cycle power plant evaporimeter from thermal source in the working fluid of system, also can reduce heat and pass to the speed of the cooling fluid the Rankine cycle power plant condenser from steam.Below as an example, the harmful effect that work produced of noncondensable gas to power-equipment can be described with the real work system.
Waste heat is added on the evaporimeter of employing isopentane as the Rankine cycle power plant of working fluid, and evaporimeter makes the working fluid evaporation, and it is delivered to the organic steam turbine, drives generator with the power that produces 1.5MW.In steam turbine, the steam expansion work done, and produce the working fluid of having emitted heat, this working fluid is admitted in the condenser.In condenser, the working fluid of having emitted heat is condensed into liquid, and this liquid is withdrawn in the evaporimeter, to recycle.
Except perishing the time, comprise that the internal pressure at each position of the above-mentioned power-equipment in being condensate in all is higher than atmospheric pressure.Yet even experiment showed, under these conditions, surrounding air still can leak in the working fluid from metallic conduit, flange, joint etc.Obviously, the pressure that is exactly internal system is higher than ambient pressure, and air also can be by metallic conduit and sealing device diffusion.
Containing noncondensable gas in the working fluid is very big to the influence of the power output of power-equipment.For example, for needs produce 1.5MW power than mini system, experiment shows that if the noncondensable gas from system is not constantly carried out purifying, then power loss reaches more than 10%, with regard to gross output, this is a very big numeral.
It is with the fluid in the condenser (working fluid that has evaporated and noncondensable gas) suction cooling chamber with a vacuum pump apparatus that the noncondensable gas that flows out in the condenser from the above-mentioned type power-equipment is carried out the common method that adopts of purifying.As a result, working fluid is condensed in a miniature condenser, and separates with the noncondensable gas of discharging from cooling chamber before the working fluid retrieval system of condensation.
Although this method is gratifying in some cases, in many cases, because will consider energy loss, and when setting up and keeping vacuum, need complicated equipment, so this method and not fully up to expectations.In addition, conventional method is to the total amount of the noncondensable gas in many power-equipment systems that need continuous operation and insensitive, and also there is shortcoming in many cases in this system itself.In addition, experimental results show that, separating noncondensable gas requires the purification system working time very long, because noncondensable gas usually is dissolved in the working fluid, they with purification system that condenser links in can only separate out lentamente and separate, so, usually need purification system to work without cessation, to guarantee to remove these gas.When the fluid in the cooling chamber is cooled off, go though most working fluid is condensed and turns back in the system, also have a big chunk working fluid to be vapor form, under the effect of vavuum pump, they are drawn out of with noncondensable gas.For system, this a part of working fluid has just lost.
Therefore, the objective of the invention is to provide the method and apparatus of a kind of purifying new, that improve to some extent from the noncondensable gas of condenser, other system that this method and apparatus is more known is more effective, easilier control and operate, actual amount to the noncondensable gas that exists in the system is more responsive, and can effectively minimum be reduced in the loss of working fluid in the system substantially.
According to the present invention, purifying maybe can be deposited the noncondensable gas in other similar devices of the working fluid that has evaporated from condenser device comprises a chamber and a valve, when this valve is in open mode, condenser communicates with above-mentioned chamber, when this valve was in closed condition, condenser and chamber cut off; Parts and chamber link, and when above-mentioned valve cut out, these parts are the working fluid in the condensing chamber effectively, thereby working fluid in the chamber and noncondensable gas are separated; The selectively outlet of control that links with chamber can make chamber emptying when above-mentioned valve is in closed condition.When not having noncondensable gas in the chamber, the relief valve that links to each other with outlet can prevent that basically working fluid from emitting from system.
So, can from condenser, extract the fluid that not only contains the working fluid that has evaporated but also contain noncondensable gas according to device of the present invention.The fluid pressurized that to from condenser, extract, thus make working fluid liquefaction, and this working fluid and noncondensable gas are separated, like this, the loss of the working fluid that is purified in the system can prevent basically, perhaps can drop to minimum.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiments of the invention are described, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the block diagram of the Rankine cycle power plant of employing organic working fluids, and this figure has illustrated that roughly the present invention is used for the situation of power-equipment;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of broken section, and it shows the local breaking part of one embodiment of the present of invention;
Fig. 3 is second embodiment of the present invention.
With reference to accompanying drawing, label 10 is according to Rankine cycle power plant of the present invention, and in this equipment, purification system 22 is used for the noncondensable gas that purifying comes out from the condenser of this power-equipment.Power-equipment 10 has an evaporimeter 12, and heat is added on this evaporimeter, so that make the hydraulic fluid evaporation such as organic liquid (for example isopentane, or other hydrocarbons, or halogenated hydrocarbon) and so on.Heat can be the waste heat in the industrial process; Contained heat in the natural resources, for example geothermal fluid; Also can be the heat of natural fuel or artificial fuel burning.
The vaporized working fluid that evaporimeter 12 is generated is sent in the organic steam turbine 14, in this steam turbine, the acting of expanding of the working fluid that evaporated, and become and emitted hot working fluid, to be transported in the condenser 16.The merit that is produced by steam turbine drives generator 18, and this generator is given the electrical network (not shown) with power delivery again.For rated power in whole duration of work acquisition maximum, and the maintenance least number of times, conventional system often needs steam turbine one generating set 14/18.Consumption in the condenser 16 hot working fluid cool off by air or cooling water, and be condensed into liquid, send back in the evaporimeter 12 by pump 20 again and recycle.
Experiment finds, under and the condition that environment temperature is fixing certain at the heat of input, the reason that electric energy reduces is owing to noncondensable gas occurred in other places of condenser and system.The appearance of this noncondensable gas can make the heat transfer coefficient of each heat exchanger in the power-equipment reduce, thereby the electric energy of output is reduced to below the desired value.
For the electric energy that makes power-equipment 10 output remains on the numerical value of expectation substantially, according to the present invention, purification system 22 carries out work by the method for describing below by extract fluid from condenser.This fluid is to have emitted the working fluid that has evaporated of heat and the mixture of noncondensable gas, externally compresses this fluid, makes working fluid liquefaction, and separates with noncondensable gas.
The working fluid that has liquefied is sent back in the condenser, and noncondensable gas emitted.Preferably this operation cycle property ground is carried out, carried out once in for example per 20 minutes, making the noncondensable gas purifying substantially, and power-equipment is maintained on its power stage substantially according to one group of control signal.In addition, this operation also can be ended when its power output returns to its designated value measuring in order to the monitor (not shown) that monitors generator 18 power stages, that is to say that the non-condensable gas scale of construction in system reduces to the efficient that makes power-equipment and influenced till the minimum by it.
Fig. 2 shows an embodiment of purification system of the present invention, and this purification system is represented with label 30.System 30 comprises a control module 59 that limits housing 31, valve 33 and the operation of a control purification system of the long-pending chamber 32 of transfiguration, and when valve 33 was in open mode, condenser 16A and chamber 32 communicated, and when this valve cut out, condenser and chamber cut off.The state of valve is determined by the feature that applies control signal thereon.
Piston 36 bottom free ends have a cover shape cup-shaped extension 48, and the free margins 49 of this cover is facing to the closed bottom end 50 of housing 31.When piston 36 arrived its extreme limit of travel, limit 49 was embedded in the O-ring seal 51 that places bottom 50, thus will be by cover 48 zones that limit 52 according to the reason of explained later and the other parts seal isolation of chamber 32.
The inwall that limits chamber 32 is tapered, and its intersection is near the sealing ring 51 of end 50.This a part of cornice is useful on the device of the thing in the cooling chamber 32, and the better method that realizes this purpose is the cooling coil 53 that embeds logical cooling water at this end.By relief valve 44 and control valve 35 chamber 32 is linked the outside of housing at last with outlet conduit 54.
Be in operation, control module 59 produces a series of program control signals, and these signals affact valve 33,35 and the 44-47 that remains static, wherein valve 33 and valve 46, and 46A all closes, and assembly 34 is in position shown in Figure 2.Beginning, these control signals make the piston component in the housing rise effectively, so that the fluid in the condenser is drawn in the chamber 32, then further make the fluid in the condenser flow into chamber, in chamber, to collect fluid, piston descends then, the fluid that compression is collected, like this, the working fluid that has evaporated in the chamber 32 is condensed, and these fluids are separated with noncondensable gas, then, noncondensable gas is emitted from chamber.
For this reason, control signal is opened valve 33, and valve 35 cuts out, so the inside of condenser 16A is connected with chamber 33, at this moment, and the volume minimum of chamber.Then, valve 46 is opened, and the compressed air of source of the gas 56 enters in the determined chamber 57, space between piston 37 and the wall 40.Simultaneously, open valve 44 and valve 47, the result, compressed air impels piston 36 and 37 to move up, it is big that chamber 32 volumes become, the pressure in the chamber descends, fluid from condenser by valve 33 intake chambers of opening.This fluid is to have emitted the working fluid of heat and the mixture of the noncondensable gas in the condenser in the condenser.
When piston component arrives top dead-centre, the volume maximum of chamber 32, fluid flows to this chamber continuously from condenser, owing in the cooling coil 53 cooling water is arranged, the working fluid that has evaporated in the chamber is condensed.Because noncondensable gas is lighter than the working fluid that has evaporated, gets back among the condenser 16A so the condensate that generates just drips, and continue to be collected in the chamber 32 from the noncondensable gas of condenser 16A.Then valve 33,46A, 44 and 47 close, and fluid is collected in the chamber 32.Then, control module 59 sends control signal, and piston component moves down.Valve 46 is opened, and the compressed air of source of the gas 56 enters chamber 42 and 58.Simultaneously, valve 45 is opened, and like this, the fluid that is collected in the chamber 32 is compressed, and the volume of chamber is reduced to minimum of a value.As a result, because the cooling of the cooling water that flows in cooling coil 53, the working fluid in the chamber 32 is condensed into liquid.
As shown in Figure 2, the free margins 49 of sealing ring 51 and cover 48 is together in order to be collected in the condensation working fluid in the cup-shaped extension of piston 36, thereby noncondensable gas just separates with the working fluid of condensation, and noncondensable gas is collected in the annular region of cover 48.At this moment, control signal is opened valve 35,, around cover 48 annular region noncondensable gas is emitted with emptying, and the working fluid of evaporation remains in the chamber 32, control signal also makes valve 33 open, so that the working fluid that has liquefied turns back in the condenser.Then, valve 35 and 33 cuts out, and cyclic periodicity ground repeats.When not having the noncondensable gas collection or being present in the chamber 32, piston 36 moves downward, and can't produce pressure.Operating pressure is adjusted to the relief valve 55 of a little higher than condenser pressure and will open, and therefore, in predetermined required time scope, can not be discharged from the working fluid of system.
Preferred embodiment of the present invention is represented with the label among Fig. 3 60.The main region of system 60 and system 30 is to have saved to overlap 48 and its sealing ring 51, and has installed jars 61 between valve 33 and system.In system 60, between jar 61 and the system 60 normally open valve 62 is arranged.
The ruuning situation of system 60 and system 30 are basic identical, different is, in system 60, condensation working fluid and noncondensable gas in the chamber 32 are separated with jars 61, that is to say, in system 60, when assembly 34A moved downward, owing to open at the compression travel internal valve 62 of assembly, formed chilled liquid working fluid was with regard in the flow into tank 61.When compression travel finished, valve 62 cut out, and valve 33 is opened, so that the working fluid in the jar 61 is put in the condenser.
According to the present invention, just as shown in the figure, preferably purification devices be installed in condenser directly over, like this, the working fluid of condensation just can turn back in the condenser under its gravity effect, and lighter noncondensable gas is upwards flowed in the purification devices.When working fluid was organic working fluids, noncondensable gas was just light than working fluid.But if with pump the working fluid of condensation is withdrawn in the condenser, then purification devices also can be positioned at the below of condenser.In addition, the present invention also is applicable to the purification system of noncondensable gas than workflow body weight, for example, and with water or water vapour purification system as working fluid.
Though embodiment shown in Figure 2 has adopted 5 independently air-operated valves (being valve 44-47), also available cross valve replaces them, and this cross valve is that three positions (on-down-in), duplex are made (two solenoids, reed, metas restore) valve.
Although the description above the present invention interrelates with Rankine cycle power plant, the present invention also is applicable to anyly have condenser and wherein noncondensable gas is the system of the difficult problem of bad solution.The present invention is applicable to that the example of other system is air-conditioning system and refrigeration system.
In the used embodiment of the present invention, when the air pressure of source of the gas 56 is about 7 atmospheric pressure when (being higher than atmospheric pressure), the maximum volume of chamber 32 is 1: 7 with the ratio of minimum volume, like this, can be higher than in the operating pressure of condenser under about 1.5 the atmospheric conditions of atmospheric pressure, noncondensable gas is discharged from condenser.Have been found that purification devices can be kept the operating pressure of condenser when the work period of purifier is 10 minutes.
Effect after advantage that method and apparatus of the present invention had and the improvement can be clear that from the description of the above-mentioned preferred embodiment of the present invention very much.In the scope that does not exceed the described inventive concept of appending claims, can do all changes and conversion.
Claims (14)
1. a purifying is from the device of the noncondensable gas in condenser that contains the working fluid that has evaporated or the similar devices (16A), and this device comprises:
A chamber (32);
A valve (33), this valve make described chamber (32) communicate with described condenser or similar devices (16) when open mode and their are cut off; With
Device when described valve (33) described chamber of emptying when being in closed condition;
It is characterized in that: have the device that interrelates with above-mentioned chamber (32), this device can make the content of chamber sky (32) pressurize at above-mentioned valve (33) effectively when being in closed condition, therefore cause this working fluid condensation, thereby working fluid and noncondensable gas in the chamber (32) are separated.
2. the device that device according to claim 1, wherein said and chamber (32) interrelate comprises operating means, and it is used for: when described valve (33) when opening, make the fluid in condenser or the similar devices (16) flow into described chamber (32); And, the fluid in the chamber (33) is compressed with described valve (33) when closing.
3. device according to claim 2, it comprises the cooling device (53) of liquid in the cooling chamber (32).
4. device according to claim 3, wherein said operating means comprises: one can be in chamber (32) two limit the piston (36) that moves between the axial location of maximum volume and minimum volume; The piston executor that above-mentioned piston (36) is moved between two axial locations; An and control system (59), when described valve (33) when opening, this control system control piston executor, make piston move to the axial location that forms maximum volume, and at valve (33) when closing, this control system control piston executor makes piston move to the axial location that forms minimum volume, thereby working fluid and noncondensable gas are compressed to minimum volume, and make working fluid liquefaction.
5. device according to claim 4, the ratio of wherein said maximum volume and minimum volume are about 7: 1.
6. device according to claim 4, wherein said piston executor comprises: one and rigidly connected second piston of described first piston (36) (37); And the device that piston (36,37) is moved by compressed air in chamber.
7. according to the described device of the arbitrary claim of claim 1-6, it comprises the cup-shaped parts (48) on piston (36), these parts have the free end of a blind end towards chamber (32) (50) opening, and these parts form a zone, when piston (36) moves to when making chamber (32) for the axial location of minimum volume, the working fluid that is liquefied is collected in this zone.
8. device according to claim 7, the blind end of its middle chamber (50) comprises a sealing ring (51), when piston (36) moves to when making chamber be the axial location of minimum volume, the sealing circle contacts and join close with it with the free end of parts (48), thereby the remainder of the minimum volume of described zone and chamber (32) is isolated.
9. according to the described device of the arbitrary claim of claim 1-6, it comprises the device that the hydraulic fluid that makes condensation separates with noncondensable gas.
10. device according to claim 9, wherein said separator comprises: a jar (61) that is installed between described valve (33) and the chamber (32); And normally open valve (52) that jar (61) are linked to each other with chamber (32).
11. according to the described device of the arbitrary claim of claim 1-6, its middle chamber (32) is physically located at the top of described condenser or similar devices (16A), with convenient valve (33) when opening the working fluid of liquid state turn back to described condenser or similar devices.
12. according to the described device of the arbitrary claim of claim 1-6, the device of wherein said evacuation chamber sky (32) comprises a relief valve (55) that is used for mainly preventing the working fluid emptying.
13. a Rankine cycle power plant, it comprises:
An evaporimeter (12) that makes the organic working fluids evaporation and generate the working fluid that has evaporated;
The steam turbine (14) that the vaporized working fluid that is produced according to evaporimeter (12) is worked is used for work done and generates the working fluid of having emitted heat;
A basis has been emitted the condenser (16) that hot working fluid is worked, and is used for being condensed into liquid with having emitted hot working fluid, and this liquid is returned evaporimeter (12);
It is characterized in that comprising being used for the device (22) of purifying that this device (22) is as described in arbitrary claim among the claim 1-12 from the noncondensable gas of described condenser.
14. a method of handling the fluid that comprises the working fluid that evaporated and noncondensable gas in the condenser, this method comprises the steps:
From condenser, extract fluid;
The fluid of described extraction is infeeded in the chamber;
Close this chamber;
It is characterized in that compressing the chamber that this is closed, thereby make the working fluid condensation, and it is separated with NC gas, and this chamber of emptying is to emit described NC gas.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US37275789A | 1989-06-29 | 1989-06-29 | |
| US372,757 | 1989-06-29 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1053117A CN1053117A (en) | 1991-07-17 |
| CN1042060C true CN1042060C (en) | 1999-02-10 |
Family
ID=23469518
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN90106802A Expired - Fee Related CN1042060C (en) | 1989-06-29 | 1990-06-29 | Method of and means for purging non-condensable gases from condensers or the like |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0405961B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1042060C (en) |
| AU (1) | AU632825B2 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69008433T2 (en) |
| IL (1) | IL94866A (en) |
| PH (1) | PH27545A (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2011851C1 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA905103B (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5113927A (en) * | 1991-03-27 | 1992-05-19 | Ormat Turbines (1965) Ltd. | Means for purging noncondensable gases from condensers |
| US5487765A (en) * | 1991-03-27 | 1996-01-30 | Ormat Turbines (1965) Ltd. | Apparatus for purging non-condensable gases from condensers |
| JP6644619B2 (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2020-02-12 | 三菱重工サーマルシステムズ株式会社 | Bleeding device, refrigerator provided with the same, and method of controlling bleeding device |
| US10247457B2 (en) * | 2016-04-22 | 2019-04-02 | Daikin Applied Americas Inc. | Non-condensable gas purge system for refrigeration circuit |
| CN106052437B (en) * | 2016-06-25 | 2017-12-29 | 赖柱彭 | A kind of piston type single tube refrigerant radiating spray tower for waste gas |
| CN106091777A (en) * | 2016-06-25 | 2016-11-09 | 赖柱彭 | A kind of steam heat radiation spray column |
| CN111433535B (en) * | 2017-10-10 | 2021-11-26 | 江森自控科技公司 | System and method for controlling purge unit of vapor compression system |
| CN111304001B (en) * | 2020-03-04 | 2023-01-06 | 深圳昱朋科技有限公司 | Rapid condensation equipment for extracting essence and spice |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1710733A (en) * | 1926-10-30 | 1929-04-30 | Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co | Condenser |
| FR2095320A1 (en) * | 1970-06-17 | 1972-02-11 | Borg Warner |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2598799A (en) * | 1949-01-04 | 1952-06-03 | William J Kiene | Means for purging refrigeration systems |
| US3230729A (en) * | 1964-09-29 | 1966-01-25 | Trane Co | Purging apparatus for refrigeration system |
| DE1926395A1 (en) * | 1969-05-23 | 1970-11-26 | Reinhold Kunze | Ventilation device for exhaust steam condensers of steam turbines |
| US4304102A (en) * | 1980-04-28 | 1981-12-08 | Carrier Corporation | Refrigeration purging system |
-
1990
- 1990-06-26 IL IL9486690A patent/IL94866A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-06-28 AU AU57978/90A patent/AU632825B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1990-06-28 DE DE69008433T patent/DE69008433T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-06-28 EP EP90307065A patent/EP0405961B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-06-28 RU SU904830544A patent/RU2011851C1/en active
- 1990-06-29 ZA ZA905103A patent/ZA905103B/en unknown
- 1990-06-29 PH PH40760A patent/PH27545A/en unknown
- 1990-06-29 CN CN90106802A patent/CN1042060C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1710733A (en) * | 1926-10-30 | 1929-04-30 | Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co | Condenser |
| FR2095320A1 (en) * | 1970-06-17 | 1972-02-11 | Borg Warner |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| RU2011851C1 (en) | 1994-04-30 |
| IL94866A0 (en) | 1991-04-15 |
| CN1053117A (en) | 1991-07-17 |
| EP0405961B1 (en) | 1994-04-27 |
| EP0405961A1 (en) | 1991-01-02 |
| ZA905103B (en) | 1992-05-27 |
| PH27545A (en) | 1993-08-18 |
| DE69008433D1 (en) | 1994-06-01 |
| DE69008433T2 (en) | 1994-09-29 |
| AU632825B2 (en) | 1993-01-14 |
| IL94866A (en) | 1995-10-31 |
| AU5797890A (en) | 1991-01-03 |
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| C15 | Extension of patent right duration from 15 to 20 years for appl. with date before 31.12.1992 and still valid on 11.12.2001 (patent law change 1993) | ||
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